CN112642859A - Easy-pickling low-carbon steel wire rod and control method for surface iron scale thereof - Google Patents
Easy-pickling low-carbon steel wire rod and control method for surface iron scale thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112642859A CN112642859A CN202011415945.1A CN202011415945A CN112642859A CN 112642859 A CN112642859 A CN 112642859A CN 202011415945 A CN202011415945 A CN 202011415945A CN 112642859 A CN112642859 A CN 112642859A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/16—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire rods, bars, merchant bars, rounds wire or material of like small cross-section
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/74—Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
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Abstract
An easily pickled low-carbon steel wire rod and a control method of surface iron scale thereof relate to the technical field of steel rolling. The control method for the iron scale on the surface of the low-carbon steel wire rod easy to pickle comprises the following steps: s1, rolling; s2, spinning: wherein the spinning temperature is 820-850 ℃; s3, cooling: slowly cooling the low-carbon steel wire rod obtained in the spinning step to 580-670 ℃, then rapidly cooling to 390-410 ℃, and then air cooling to room temperature. Through the reasonable matching of the steps, the finally obtained iron scale is ensured to be not only thinner, but also composed of three different phases (Fe) with specific thicknesses3O4、FeO、Fe2O3) The components are distributed in a layered mode, so that iron scales are compact and do not crack, and the iron scales contain less Fe3O4The method is beneficial to acid pickling, and simultaneously, the tensile strength of the prepared low-carbon steel wire rod easy to pickle meets the relevant requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of steel rolling, in particular to an easily pickled low-carbon steel wire rod and a control method of surface iron scale thereof.
Background
The surface of the rolled low-carbon steel wire rod usually forms scale, and in order to avoid the scale from influencing the quality of a subsequent wire rod product, the scale needs to be removed by adopting a chemical stripping method or a mechanical stripping method before wire drawing of the wire rod.
Common stripping methods are an acid cleaning removal method, a shot blasting removal method, a mechanical shelling removal method and the like. However, the scale is removed by acid washing, and a large amount of waste acid and waste gas are generated in the acid washing removal mode, which causes environmental pollution, but the weight of the scale on the surface of the low-carbon steel wire rod used at present is about 7.35 kg/ton, which is thick, generally about 20-30 μm, the acid washing time of one wire rod is about 60min, the acid washing time is long, the consumption of acid liquor is large, the cost is high, and the environment is easily polluted.
In view of this, the present application is hereby presented.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an easily pickled low-carbon steel wire rod and a control method of surface iron scale thereof, which can solve at least one technical problem.
The embodiment of the application is realized as follows:
in a first aspect, the application example provides a method for controlling iron scale on the surface of an easily pickled low-carbon steel wire rod, which comprises the following steps:
and S1, rolling.
S2, spinning: wherein the spinning temperature is 820-850 ℃.
S3, cooling: slowly cooling the low-carbon steel wire rod obtained in the spinning step to 580-670 ℃, then rapidly cooling to 390-410 ℃, and then air cooling to room temperature.
Through the reasonable matching of the steps, the finally obtained iron scale is ensured to be not only thinner, but also composed of three different phases (Fe)3O4、FeO、Fe2O3) The components are distributed in a layered mode, so that iron scales are compact and do not crack, and the iron scales contain less Fe3O4The method is beneficial to acid pickling, and simultaneously, the tensile strength of the prepared low-carbon steel wire rod easy to pickle meets the relevant requirements.
In a second aspect, the present application provides an easily pickled low carbon steel wire rod, the surface of which has iron scale obtained by the control method provided in the first aspect of the present application, and the thickness of the iron scale is 9-15 μm.
The iron scale comprises a ferrous oxide layer, a ferric oxide layer and a ferric oxide layer, wherein the ferrous oxide layer and the ferric oxide layer are sequentially arranged on the surface of the low-carbon steel wire rod; wherein the thickness of the ferroferric oxide layer is less than that of the ferrous oxide layer, and the thickness of the ferroferric oxide layer is greater than that of the ferric oxide layer.
Under the above setting condition, the obtained iron scale is thin, the thickness distribution of each layer is reasonable, the iron scale is convenient to remove by pickling, the efficiency of removing the iron scale by pickling is effectively improved, acid liquor is effectively saved, and the production cost is reduced.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are only illustrative of the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The following specifically describes an easily pickled low-carbon steel wire rod and a control method of surface iron scale thereof in the embodiment of the present application:
among them, the scale is mainly generated in the process of final rolling and cooling, and the stripping performance of the scale is often the result of the combined action of the structure and the thickness of the scale. Therefore, the selection of the finish rolling temperature, the selection of the spinning temperature, and the selection of the cooling rate have a great influence on the thickness and structure of the final scale, and for example, at the same finish rolling temperature and the same spinning temperature, the thicknesses are different due to the difference in the cooling rate, and generally, the slower the cooling rate is, the thicker the scale is, the faster the cooling rate is, and the thinner the scale is. When the finish rolling temperature is the same and the cooling rate is the same, the higher the spinning temperature is, the thicker the scale is.
However, the applicant has found that the above parameters affecting the scale also have a large influence on the tensile strength, whereas practical mild steels have certain requirements on their tensile strength, i.e. under normal conditions, a suitable tensile strength and a thinner scale thickness are difficult to combine.
In view of the above, the present application is provided, and the specific parameters are defined, so that the tensile strength of the low-carbon steel wire rod can meet the related requirements, and meanwhile, the thin thickness of the iron scale and the reasonable thickness distribution of each phase layer of the iron scale are ensured, and the pickling removal is facilitated.
Specifically, the embodiment of the application firstly provides a method for controlling iron scales on the surface of an easily pickled low-carbon steel wire rod, which comprises the following steps:
s1, rolling step: wherein the finish rolling temperature is 890-910 ℃.
Specifically, for example, the finish rolling temperature is 890 ℃, 895 ℃, 900 ℃, 905 ℃ or 910 ℃, etc., and the scale structure and the total thickness are controlled by selecting a reasonable finish rolling temperature, wherein optionally, the initial rolling temperature: 970 ℃ to 1030 ℃.
S2, spinning: wherein the spinning temperature is 820-850 ℃.
Specifically, for example, the spinning temperature is 820 ℃, 825 ℃, 828 ℃, 830 ℃, 835 ℃, 840 ℃, 845 ℃, 848 ℃, or 850 ℃, and the like, and the step S3 can be cooled first by adopting a slower slow cooling speed through a higher rolling temperature and a lower spinning temperature, and simultaneously, the obtained iron scale is ensured to be thinner overall thickness, and the ferrite structure is ensured to complete transformation, and further, the difference between the spinning temperature and the rolling temperature is not particularly large, so that the tensile strength is ensured, and the tensile strength is not too high, which exceeds the requirement of the low-carbon steel on the tensile strength.
Wherein, the iron scale on the surface of the low-carbon steel wire rod consists of different phases, each phase is distributed in a layered way and mainly consists of three layers, namely an inner layer of ferrous oxide (FeO) close to a matrix and ferroferric oxide (Fe)3O4) Intermediate and outermost layers of ferric oxide (i.e. ferric oxide Fe)2O3) And (3) layer composition. The iron scale forms different structures and thicknesses under the conditions of different temperatures and different cooling speeds. Wherein the nose tip temperature of the low carbon steel FeO layer for the eutectoid or eutectoid transformation is 450-550 ℃, and the temperature range is close to Fe3O4Precipitating proeutectoid Fe in FeO layer of the layer3O4And with increasing time, Fe3O4The content is increased, the structure of the iron scale is more compact, and the pickling is not facilitated.
Therefore, S3, cooling step: slowly cooling the low-carbon steel wire rod obtained in the spinning step to 580-670 ℃, then rapidly cooling to 390-410 ℃, and then air cooling to room temperature.
The specific mode of slow cooling before rapid cooling is matched with the spinning temperature and the finish rolling temperature, so that the thin iron scale is further ensured, the thickness of each phase layer of the iron scale is reasonable, and the tensile strength is not obviously enhanced.
The slow cooling treatment is firstly carried out to 580-670 ℃, on one hand, the slow forming of crystal grains is ensured, the crystal grains are larger, the tensile strength of the crystal grains can not be obviously enhanced, on the other hand, the thinner FeO is limited by the lower spinning temperature, the subsequent removal is convenient, and the denser Fe is reduced by the way of middle section quenching3O4The amount of FeO produced is set so that the thickness of FeO is larger than that of Fe3O4The thickness of the copper alloy is large, so that the copper alloy can be conveniently removed by subsequent acid washing, and finally, the copper alloy is air-cooled to room temperature. Alternatively, the slow cooling rate is 1.7 to 2.2 ℃/s, and specifically, for example, the slow cooling rate is 1.7 ℃/s, 1.8 ℃/s, or,1.9 ℃/s, 2.0 ℃/s, 2.1 ℃/s, 2.2 ℃/s, or the like. The reasonable slow cooling temperature effectively ensures that the obtained low-carbon steel wire rod has reasonable tensile strength and thicker FeO thickness.
Alternatively, the cooling rate of the quenching is 7 to 10 ℃/s, and specifically, for example, the cooling rate of the quenching is 7 ℃/s, 7.5 ℃/s, 8 ℃/s, 8.5 ℃/s, 9 ℃/s, 9.5 ℃/s, or 10 ℃/s, or the like. The temperature lower than 670 ℃ does not have obvious influence on the tensile strength of the low-carbon steel wire rod actually, so that the mode can effectively reduce the generation amount of Fe3O4 and does not influence the tensile strength.
After the quenching treatment, the thickness and structure of the iron scale and the tensile strength of the low-carbon steel wire rod are not affected in practice in the air cooling stage, so the cooling rate of the air cooling can be set according to the practical requirements, and is not limited herein.
Optionally, the slow cooling treatment and the rapid cooling treatment in the cooling step are performed by using a stelmor air cooling device, and the stelmor air cooling device comprises a slow cooling zone corresponding to the slow cooling treatment and a rapid cooling zone corresponding to the rapid cooling treatment.
The technological parameters of the slow cooling area comprise: the roll speed of the slow cooling zone is 0.34-0.54m/s, all fans of the slow cooling zone are closed, the 1 st and 2 nd heat preservation covers are opened when the low-carbon steel wire rod enters the first section of roller way of the slow cooling zone, and all heat preservation covers corresponding to the slow cooling zone are closed when the low-carbon steel wire rod enters the rest roller ways of the slow cooling zone.
Optionally, the process parameters of the quench zone include: the roller speed of the quenching zone is greater than that of the slow cooling zone, the roller speed of the quenching zone is 0.47-0.58m/s, when the low-carbon steel wire rod enters the quenching zone, the heat-insulating cover corresponding to the quenching zone is opened, and meanwhile, the fan corresponding to the quenching zone is started, and the frequency of the fan is 25-30% of the full opening frequency (the fan is completely opened, and the frequency when the air quantity is 100% is the full opening frequency).
It should be noted that, taking a stelmor air cooling device with 10 sections of roller ways, 14 fans and 18 heat preservation covers as an example, the slow cooling zone corresponds to the 1 st to 8 th sections of roller ways, the 1 st to 13 th fans and the 1 st to 16 th heat preservation covers. The forced cooling area corresponds to a 9 th-10 th roller way, wherein the 9 th section corresponds to a No. 17-18 th heat preservation cover, the 10 th section is not provided with a heat preservation cover, and the forced cooling area corresponds to a No. 14 th fan.
In some optional embodiments of the present application, a specific air cooling control manner for realizing three different specifications of low carbon steel wire rods by using the stelmor air cooling device of the above example as a specific air cooling device is specifically shown, so that the slow cooling rate is 1.7-2.2 ℃/s, and the fast cooling rate is 7-10 ℃/s. Specifically, the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 stelmor air-cooled roller table Process parameters
Wherein, the cooling speed of the wire rod with the specification of 6.5mm corresponding to the table 1 is 2.0-2.2 ℃/s at the section of 1-8, and the cooling speed is 9.1-10 ℃/s at the section of 9-10; the cooling speed of the wire rod with the specification of 8mm is 1.9-2.1 ℃/s in the section 1-8, and the cooling speed is 8.7-9.3 ℃/s in the section 9-10; the cooling speed of the wire rod with the specification of 10mm is 1.7-1.8 ℃/s in the section 1-8, and the cooling speed is 7-8.4 ℃/s in the section 9-10.
An easily pickled low carbon steel wire rod has the iron scale obtained by the control method on the surface, wherein the thickness of the iron scale is 9-15 μm, for example, the thickness of the iron scale is 9 μm, 10 μm, 13 μm, 14 μm or 15 μm, and the thickness of the iron scale is thinner, so that the iron scale is convenient to remove.
The outward appearance of iron scale is red, promptly, the iron scale that this application obtained is including setting gradually in the iron oxide layer of the surface of low carbon steel wire rod, the magnetite layer to and be located the ferric oxide layer in the outside.
Specifically, the thickness of the magnetite layer is less than the thickness of the wustite layer, and the thickness of the magnetite layer is greater than the thickness of the hematite layer. That is, the thickness of the magnetite layer is less than the thickness of the wustite layer, which facilitates subsequent pickling removal.
The thickness of the ferric oxide layer is 3-6.5 μm, and the thickness of the ferrous oxide layer is 4.98-10.5 μm. That is, the thickness of the iron sesquioxide layer is very thin, and the overall performance is not affected.
The method for controlling the easy-pickling mild steel wire rod and the surface scale thereof according to the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples.
Example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 3
Table 1 shows the specific parameters of the control method for the iron scale on the surface of the mild steel wire rod in example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 3, wherein the grades and specifications of the mild steel used in example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 3 are the same.
The tensile strength requirements of the low-carbon steel wire rod with the mark and the specification of 6A-6.5 are as follows: 300-360 MPa, wherein 6A is the mark, and 6.5 represents the specification (diameter) of 6.5 mm.
TABLE 1 concrete parameters of the control method in example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 3
Wherein, after the mixture is taken out of the quenching area, the mixture is placed in air and cooled to room temperature. Wherein the specific structure and properties of the surface scale of the low carbon steel wire rods obtained in comparative examples 1 to 3 and example 1 are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 concrete structure and Properties of iron scales in example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 3
From table 2, it can be seen that only the scale thickness of example 1 is thinner within the required range of tensile strength. Meanwhile, the surface of the easy-pickling low-carbon steel wire rod after the iron scale is formed, which is prepared in the comparative examples 1 to 3, is cyan and smooth, namely, the surface of the formed iron scale is compact.
The iron scale-formed, acid-pickled low carbon steel wire rod obtained in example 1 had a red surface and a powdery iron scale.
Examples 2 to 3 and comparative example 4
Table 3 shows the specific parameters of the control method for the iron scale on the surface of the mild steel wire rod in examples 2-3 and comparative example 4, wherein the grades and specifications of the mild steel used in examples 2-3 and comparative example 4 are the same. The tensile strength requirement of the low-carbon steel wire rod with the mark and the specification of 22A-6.5 is as follows: 450 to 550 MPa.
TABLE 3 concrete parameters of the control methods in examples 2 to 3 and comparative example 4
Wherein, after the mixture is taken out of the quenching area, the mixture is placed in air and cooled to room temperature. Wherein the specific structure and properties of the surface scale of the low carbon steel wire rods obtained in comparative example 4 and examples 2 to 3 are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 concrete structure and Properties of iron scales in examples 2-3 and comparative example 4
According to tables 2 and 4, it can be seen that the thickness and structure of the final scale are significantly affected by controlling the finish rolling temperature, the spinning temperature and the cooling mode in the examples of the present application, and the total thickness of the scale obtained in the examples is significantly lower than that in the comparative examples under the requirement of the tensile strength of the low carbon steel wire rod with the tensile strength meeting the relevant grade and specification.
Meanwhile, the surface of the easy-acid-washing low-carbon steel wire rod formed with the iron scale obtained in the comparative example 4 is cyan, and the surface is smooth, namely the surface of the formed iron scale is compact. The easily pickled low carbon steel wire rods of examples 2 to 3, after forming the scale, had red surfaces and powdery scales.
Test example 1
The method comprises the following operation steps: the low-carbon steel wire rods prepared in the example 1 and the comparative example 3 are respectively selected as two groups of raw materials, three low-carbon steel wire rods with the length of 107mm are selected for each group of raw materials, each low-carbon steel wire rod is simultaneously placed into a container with the hydrochloric acid solubility of 10%, the surface cleaning degree and the quality reduction amount after cleaning are observed according to different time, and the total weight of the oxide skin removed by pickling is analyzed when the pickling is carried out for preset time so as to evaluate the difficulty of the oxide skin falling. In which three low carbon steel wire rods of example 1 were used as samples 1-1, 1-2 and 1-3, and three low carbon steel wire rods of comparative example 3 were used as samples 3-1, 3-2 and 3-3, and the test results are shown in table 5.
TABLE 5 test results
Meanwhile, in the actual operation process, the iron scale completely falls off visually when the low-carbon steel wire rod provided in the example 1 is pickled in a 10% hydrochloric acid solution for 3 minutes by visual observation; and the low carbon steel wire rod provided by the comparative example 4 still has a small amount of punctiform iron scale which can not fall off visually when being pickled for 3 minutes, and the iron scale can completely fall off visually after being pickled for 5 minutes.
That is, the scale on the mild steel wire rod provided in example 1 was easier to remove by pickling than in comparative example 1. Meanwhile, compared with comparative example 4, examples 2-3 are also easier to remove by acid washing.
Meanwhile, the weight of the scale per ton of mild steel wire rod was calculated by the formula 1000 ((M10-M0)/M0), wherein the weight of the scale per ton of mild steel wire rod was 5.05kg on average in example 1 and 7.35kg on average in comparative example 1.
In conclusion, according to the control method for the iron scale on the surface of the low-carbon steel wire rod easy to pickle provided by the application, under the condition that the components of the low-carbon steel wire rod are not adjusted, the formation of the iron scale is effectively controlled by optimizing the finish rolling temperature, the spinning temperature and the cooling step, the weight and the thickness of the iron scale are reduced, the structure of the iron scale is changed, the purpose of easy pickling is achieved, and meanwhile, the tensile strength of the prepared low-carbon steel wire rod easy to pickle meets the relevant requirements.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, which may be modified or varied by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A control method for iron scale on the surface of a low-carbon steel wire rod easy to pickle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, rolling;
s2, spinning: wherein the spinning temperature is 820-850 ℃;
s3, cooling: slowly cooling the low-carbon steel wire rod obtained in the spinning step to 580-670 ℃, then rapidly cooling to 390-410 ℃, and then air cooling to room temperature.
2. The control method according to claim 1, wherein the slow cooling rate is 1.7-2.2 ℃/s.
3. The control method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cooling rate of the quenching is 7-10 ℃/s.
4. The control method according to claim 3, wherein the slow cooling process and the rapid cooling process in the cooling step are performed using a stelmor air-cooling device including a slow cooling zone corresponding to the slow cooling process and a rapid cooling zone corresponding to the rapid cooling process.
5. The control method according to claim 4, wherein the process parameters of the slow cooling zone comprise: the roll speed of the slow cooling zone is 0.34-0.54m/s, all fans of the slow cooling zone are closed, the 1 st and 2 nd heat preservation covers are opened when the low-carbon steel wire rod enters the first section of roller way of the slow cooling zone, and all heat preservation covers corresponding to the slow cooling zone are closed when the low-carbon steel wire rod enters the rest roller ways of the slow cooling zone.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the process parameters of the quench zone include:
the roller speed of the quenching zone is greater than that of the slow cooling zone, the roller speed of the quenching zone is 0.47-0.58m/s, when the low-carbon steel wire rod enters the quenching zone, a heat-insulating cover corresponding to the quenching zone is started, and meanwhile, a fan corresponding to the quenching zone is started, and the frequency of the fan is 25-30% of the full starting frequency of the fan.
7. The control method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the finish rolling temperature in step S1 is 890-910 ℃.
8. An easily pickled low carbon steel wire rod characterized in that the surface thereof has iron scale obtained by the control method of any one of claims 1 to 7, the thickness of the iron scale being 9 to 15 μm; the iron scale comprises a ferrous oxide layer, a ferric oxide layer and a ferric oxide layer, wherein the ferrous oxide layer and the ferric oxide layer are sequentially arranged on the surface of the low-carbon steel wire rod;
wherein the thickness of the ferroferric oxide layer is smaller than that of the ferrous oxide layer, and the thickness of the ferroferric oxide layer is larger than that of the ferric oxide layer.
9. The easy acid pickling mild steel wire rod according to claim 8, wherein the thickness of said magnetite layer is 3 to 6.5 μm and the thickness of said wustite layer is 4.98 to 10.5 μm.
10. The easy acid pickling mild steel wire rod according to claim 8, wherein said scale is red in appearance.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116984388A (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-11-03 | 江苏永钢集团有限公司 | Novel cooling control process for reducing cord steel wire rod iron scale |
| CN116984388B (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-12-01 | 江苏永钢集团有限公司 | Novel cooling control process for reducing cord steel wire rod iron scale |
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| CN112642859B (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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