CN112642414A - Preparation method and application of aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica mercury ion adsorbing material - Google Patents
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28078—Pore diameter
- B01J20/28083—Pore diameter being in the range 2-50 nm, i.e. mesopores
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- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/103—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate comprising silica
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
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- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4812—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of organic character
- B01J2220/4856—Proteins, DNA
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a nucleic acid aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica heavy metal ion adsorption material2‑MSN。
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of heavy metal ion adsorption in water environment, and particularly relates to preparation of an aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica material and application of the aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica material in mercury ion detection in water.
Background
Mercury is a common highly toxic heavy metal ion, has accumulative property, non-degradability and carcinogenicity, and can cause harm to human bodies even in very small dosage. Mercury ions are commonly found in wastewater discharged from industries including mining, smelting, electroplating, nuclear industries, etc. The world health organization stipulates that the upper limit of the allowable concentration of mercury ions in domestic water is 0.002 mg/L. If the human body is exposed to excessive mercury, it can lead to renal failure, lung injury and even cancer. Therefore, considering the great harm of mercury to human body, it is necessary to detect the mercury ions in the industrial wastewater rapidly and accurately.
At present, there are many methods for detecting mercury ions in water, including Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS), inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), electrochemical methods, and the like. These detection methods each have advantages and disadvantages. However, in any detection method, the content of mercury ions in these detection samples is usually trace, so that a pre-concentration step is often required to obtain an analysis method with high selectivity and low detection limit. Adsorbent-based adsorption methods have proven to be the most effective way to achieve preconcentration. In recent years, researchers have successfully utilized carbon nanotubes, iron oxide nanoparticles, graphene, activated carbon, mesoporous silicon nanoparticles and other adsorbents to realize trace detection of mercury ions in water.
The mesoporous silica material is an inorganic porous material which is assembled by taking a supermolecular structure formed by a surfactant as a template and utilizing a sol-gel process through the directional action between an organic matter interface and an inorganic matter interface, wherein the pore diameter of the inorganic porous material is between 2 and 50nm, the pore diameter distribution of the inorganic porous material is narrow, and the pore channel structure of the inorganic porous material is regular. Mesoporous silica materials have many characteristics, including: the size of the particles and pores, the shape of the particles, the adjustability of the porous structure, the possibility of surface modification, good biocompatibility, and large specific surface area and pore volume. Meanwhile, compared with other adsorbents, the mesoporous silica material has the advantages of high adaptability to structure and surface chemical properties, low production cost and the like, so that the mesoporous silica material has great application prospects in the fields of chromatography, catalysis, adsorption, drug release and the like.
Unlike other biogenic nucleotides, aptamers are synthetic single-stranded short oligonucleotides (20 to 80 bases) without any encoded information, but with well-formatted three-dimensional structures that can interact with target molecules, proteins or cell receptors with high affinity and specificity. Meanwhile, the method has the characteristics of wide applicable target range, easy synthesis, easy modification, stable chemical properties and the like. The development of the aptamer provides a new direction for the research of a rapid and efficient recognition technology, and make internal disorder or usurp work for the aspects of enrichment, separation, detection and the like by taking the aptamer as an affinity ligand is highly concerned, so that the aptamer has good application prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to prepare a heavy metal ion adsorption material, amino functionalized mesoporous silica is synthesized by a one-step method, and aldehyde groups are used for connecting amino groups and aptamers to fix the aptamers on the mesoporous silica so as to realize selective adsorption of mercury ions in water.
In order to prepare the adsorbing material meeting the requirements, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a heavy metal ion adsorption material takes amino functionalized mesoporous silica with porous characteristic as a carrier, and aptamer is fixed on the carrier through aldehyde group to form DNA-NH simultaneously with adsorption active sites and a micro-pore channel2-MSN。
The preparation method of the heavy metal ion adsorption material comprises the following steps:
(1) amino functionalized mesoporous silica (NH)2-preparation of MSN): dissolving cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide in an alkaline environment solution, heating and stirring; adding tetraethoxysilane, heating and stirring; adding tetraethoxysilane and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, heating and stirring for full reaction, wherein the molar ratio of reactants in the final solution is 1.00 tetraethoxysilane to 0.01-0.033-aminopropyltriethoxysilane to 0.10 hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide to 206.00 deionized water; cooling to room temperature, standing and aging; adding an acidic ethanol solution, carrying out ultrasonic reaction, and carrying out centrifugal separation to obtain a precipitate; subjecting the precipitate to ultrasonic treatment with acidic ethanol solution, centrifuging to separate out precipitate, drying to obtain amino-functionalized mesoporous silica, and recording as NH2-MSN;
(2) Preparation of hybridization buffer: weighing Tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane to prepare a Tris-HCL buffer solution; dripping sodium chloride solution; adjusting the pH value of concentrated hydrochloric acid to be about 7-7.4; the volume is determined to be 100ml and is used as mother liquor; adding a magnesium chloride solution to the mother liquor so that the final buffer solution contains 10mM tris, 50mM sodium chloride and 10mM magnesium chloride; obtaining a hybridization buffer solution by ultrasonic treatment;
(3) aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica (DNA-NH)2-preparation of MSN): the dried amino functionalized mesoporous silicon dioxide (NH)2-MSN) milling; reacting NH2MSN is dispersed in deionized water containing glutaraldehyde and reacted with stirring at room temperature; dissolving the precipitate obtained by centrifugal drying in a hybridization buffer solution, adding a nucleic acid aptamer solution, and oscillating overnight; centrifugally drying and grinding to obtain aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica which is marked as DNA-NH2MSN, dissolved in hybridization buffer and stored.
A heavy metal ion adsorption experiment of the heavy metal ion adsorption material comprises the following steps:
(1) dripping the aptamer functionalized mesoporous silicon dioxide on a clean silicon gold, drying, putting the silicon gold into a mercury sample solution, and standing for a period of time;
(2) and (3) taking out the silicon gold sheet, and analyzing the adsorption performance of the aptamer functionalized mesoporous silicon dioxide on mercury ions in water by an energy spectrometer.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the preparation method has simple steps, low cost of raw materials and easy operation;
(2) the final product has small size, large specific surface area and good adsorption performance, and can be applied to a nanoscale sensor in the future.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows NH obtained in example 12Scanning electron micrographs of MSN before adsorption of mercury ions.
FIG. 2 shows NH obtained in example 12Scanning electron micrographs of MSN after adsorption of mercury ions.
FIG. 3 shows DNA-NH obtained in example 12Scanning electron micrographs of MSN before adsorption of mercury ions.
FIG. 4 shows DNA-NH obtained in example 12Sweeping after adsorption of mercury ions by MSNDrawing an electron microscope image.
FIG. 5 shows NH obtained in example 22Scanning electron micrographs of MSN before adsorption of mercury ions.
FIG. 6 shows NH obtained in example 22Scanning electron micrographs of MSN after adsorption of mercury ions.
FIG. 7 shows DNA-NH obtained in example 22Scanning electron micrographs of MSN before adsorption of mercury ions.
FIG. 8 shows DNA-NH obtained in example 22Scanning electron micrographs of MSN after adsorption of mercury ions.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is clearly and completely described below by combining the attached drawings and specific examples.
A heavy metal ion adsorption material takes amino functionalized mesoporous silica with porous characteristics as a carrier, and aptamer is fixed on the carrier through aldehyde group to form DNA-NH simultaneously with adsorption active sites and a micro-pore channel2-MSN。
The preparation method of the heavy metal ion adsorbing material comprises the following steps:
(1) amino functionalized mesoporous silica (NH)2-preparation of MSN): dissolving 0.24g hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide in 20ml alkaline environment solution, and stirring for 30min at 60 ℃; adding 1.2ml of tetraethoxysilane, and stirring for 30min at 60 ℃; then adding 0.3ml of tetraethoxysilane and 30 mul of 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, and stirring for 2.5h at 60 ℃; cooling to room temperature, standing and aging for 4 h; adding an acidic ethanol solution, performing ultrasonic treatment for 2 hours, and performing centrifugal separation to obtain a precipitate; subjecting the precipitate to ultrasonic treatment for 2h with acidic ethanol solution, centrifuging to separate out precipitate, drying to obtain amino-functionalized mesoporous silica, and recording as NH2-MSN。
(2) Preparation of hybridization buffer (Tris-HCL buffer): 0.12114g of tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane was dissolved in 50ml of deionized water and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour; then, 1ml of sodium chloride solution (5M) is dripped into the mixture, and the mixture is stirred for 30min at room temperature; then adding concentrated hydrochloric acid to adjust the ph value to be about 7-7.4; the volume is determined to be 100ml and is used as mother liquor; 6ml of the mother liquor is extracted, 4ml of magnesium chloride solution (25mM) is added, and the hybridization buffer solution can be obtained after 5min of ultrasonic treatment.
(3) Aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica (DNA-NH)2-preparation of MSN): the dried amino functionalized mesoporous silicon dioxide (NH)2-MSN) milling; weighing 2.4mg NH2-MSN was dispersed in 1mL of deionized water containing glutaraldehyde and stirred at room temperature for 6 h; dissolving the precipitate obtained by centrifugal drying in 500. mu.l of hybridization buffer, adding 100. mu.l of aptamer solution, and shaking overnight at 9 ℃; centrifugally drying and grinding to obtain aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica which is marked as DNA-NH2MSN, dissolved in hybridization buffer and stored at 4 ℃.
The heavy metal ion adsorption experiment as described above has the following steps:
(1) and (3) placing the silicon gold sheet for modifying the aptamer functionalized mesoporous silicon dioxide into the mercury sample solution, and standing for 4 hours.
(2) And (3) taking out the silicon gold sheet, and analyzing the adsorption performance of the aptamer functionalized mesoporous silicon dioxide on mercury ions in water by an energy spectrometer.
Example 1 aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica materials were used for detection of mercury ions.
Preparation of aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica:
(1) amino functionalized mesoporous silica (NH)2-preparation of MSN): dissolving 0.24g hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide in 20ml ammonia water solution, and stirring at 60 ℃ for 30 min; adding 1.2ml of tetraethoxysilane, and stirring for 30min at 60 ℃; then adding 0.3ml of tetraethoxysilane and 30 mul of 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, and stirring for 2.5h at 60 ℃; cooling to room temperature, standing and aging for 3 h; adding an acidic ethanol solution, performing ultrasonic treatment for 2 hours, and performing centrifugal separation to obtain a precipitate; and (3) performing ultrasonic treatment on the precipitate for 2 hours by using an acidic ethanol solution, then performing centrifugal separation on the precipitate, and drying to obtain the amino functionalized mesoporous silicon dioxide.
(2) Preparation of hybridization buffer (Tris-HCL buffer): 0.12114g of tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane was dissolved in 50ml of deionized water and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour; then, 1ml of sodium chloride solution (5M) is dripped into the mixture, and the mixture is stirred for 30min at room temperature; then adding concentrated hydrochloric acid to adjust the ph value to be about 7-7.4; the volume is determined to be 100ml and is used as mother liquor; 6ml of the mother liquor is extracted, 4ml of magnesium chloride solution (25mM) is added, and the hybridization buffer solution can be obtained after 5min of ultrasonic treatment.
(3) Aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica (DNA-NH)2-preparation of MSN): the dried amino functionalized mesoporous silicon dioxide (NH)2-MSN) milling; weighing 2.4mg NH2MSN was dispersed in 1mL deionized water containing 48. mu.l glutaraldehyde and stirred at room temperature for 6 h; dissolving the precipitate obtained by centrifugal drying in 500. mu.l of hybridization buffer, adding 100. mu.l of aptamer solution, and shaking overnight at 9 ℃; centrifugally drying and grinding to obtain the aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica, dissolving the aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica in a hybridization buffer solution, and storing at 4 ℃.
(4) Adsorption of mercury ions: firstly, diluting 5ml of mercury standard solution (5 mu g/L) to 25ml, preparing mercury sample solution (1 mu g/L), dripping one drop (10 mu L) of aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica obtained previously onto cleaned silicon gold by using a pipette, placing the silicon gold modified with the mesoporous silica into the mercury sample solution after drying, and standing for 4h
And (3) product characterization:
the scanning electron microscope images are shown in FIGS. 1-4, which clearly shows that the silicon spheres have non-uniform size distribution, and large silicon spheres with a diameter of 300 nm are mixed in the small silicon spheres.
The energy spectrum analysis of the aptamer functionalized mesoporous silicon after adsorbing mercury ions is shown in table 1, and the weight of the mercury ions accounts for 5.92% after the interference of silicon is eliminated.
Table 1 example 1 elemental composition of aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica after adsorption of mercury ions
Example 2 aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica materials were used for detection of mercury ions.
Preparation of aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica:
(1) amino functionalized mesoporous silica (NH)2-preparation of MSN): 0.24g of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide was dissolved in 15ml of an aqueous deionized water solutionDripping 10 drops of tetraethyl ethylenediamine, and stirring for 30min at 60 ℃; adding 1.2ml of tetraethoxysilane, and stirring for 30min at 60 ℃; then adding 0.3ml of tetraethoxysilane and 30 mul of 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, and stirring for 2.5h at 60 ℃; cooling to room temperature, standing and aging for 3 h; adding an acidic ethanol solution, performing ultrasonic treatment for 2 hours, and performing centrifugal separation to obtain a precipitate; and (3) performing ultrasonic treatment on the precipitate for 2 hours by using an acidic ethanol solution, then performing centrifugal separation on the precipitate, and drying to obtain the amino functionalized mesoporous silicon dioxide.
(2) Preparation of hybridization buffer (Tris-HCL buffer): 0.12114g of tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane was dissolved in 50ml of deionized water and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour; then, 1ml of sodium chloride solution (5M) is dripped into the mixture, and the mixture is stirred for 30min at room temperature; then adding concentrated hydrochloric acid to adjust the ph value to be about 7-7.4; the volume is determined to be 100ml and is used as mother liquor; 6ml of the mother liquor is extracted, 4ml of magnesium chloride solution (25mM) is added, and the hybridization buffer solution can be obtained after 5min of ultrasonic treatment.
(3) Aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica (DNA-NH)2-preparation of MSN): the dried amino functionalized mesoporous silicon dioxide (NH)2-MSN) milling; weighing 2.4mg NH2MSN was dispersed in 1mL deionized water containing 48. mu.l glutaraldehyde and stirred at room temperature for 6 h; dissolving the precipitate obtained by centrifugal drying in 500. mu.l of hybridization buffer, adding 100. mu.l of aptamer solution, and shaking overnight at 9 ℃; centrifugally drying and grinding to obtain the aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica, dissolving the aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica in a hybridization buffer solution, and storing at 4 ℃.
(4) Adsorption of mercury ions: firstly, diluting 5ml of mercury standard solution (5 mu g/L) to 25ml, preparing mercury sample solution (1 mu g/L), dripping one drop (10 mu L) of mesoporous silica onto cleaned silicon gold by using a liquid transfer gun, drying, then putting the silicon gold modified with the mesoporous silica into the mercury sample solution, and standing for 4 hours.
And (3) product characterization:
it is obvious from the scanning electron microscope picture that after the catalyst is changed from ammonia water to organic amine tetraethyl ethylene diamine, the size distribution of the silicon spheres is more uniform, and the diameter is between 20 and 30 nanometers.
Comparing the data in table 2 and table 3, it is found that the weight percentage of the mercury ions is significantly increased, so we can determine that the DNA is successfully grafted onto the mesoporous silica, and the adsorption performance of the mesoporous silica to the mercury ions is improved.
Table 2 example 2 distribution of elements after adsorption of mercury ions by amino functionalized mesoporous silica
Table 3 example 2 elemental composition of aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica after adsorption of mercury ions
Claims (4)
1. The aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica heavy metal ion adsorbing material is characterized in that amino functionalized mesoporous silica with porous property is used as a carrier, and an aptamer is fixed on the carrier through aldehyde groups to form DNA-NH with an adsorption active site and a micro-pore channel simultaneously2-MSN。
2. The preparation method of the aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica heavy metal ion adsorbing material as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) amino functionalized mesoporous silica (NH)2-preparation of MSN): dissolving cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide in an alkaline environment solution, heating and stirring; adding tetraethoxysilane, heating and stirring; adding tetraethoxysilane and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, heating and stirring for full reaction, wherein the molar ratio of reactants in the final solution is 1.00 tetraethoxysilane to 0.01-0.033-aminopropyltriethoxysilane to 0.10 hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide to 206.00 deionized water; cooling to room temperature, standing and aging; adding an acidic ethanol solution, carrying out ultrasonic reaction, and carrying out centrifugal separation to obtain a precipitate; subjecting the precipitate to ultrasonic treatment with acidic ethanol solution, and centrifuging to separate out precipitateDrying the product to obtain amino functionalized mesoporous silica, which is marked as NH2-MSN;
(2) Preparation of hybridization buffer: weighing Tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane to prepare a Tris-HCL buffer solution; dripping sodium chloride solution; adjusting the pH value to 7-7.4 by concentrated hydrochloric acid; the volume is determined to be 100ml and is used as mother liquor; adding a magnesium chloride solution into the mother liquor to enable the final buffer solution to contain 10mM of tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane, 50mM of sodium chloride and 10mM of magnesium chloride, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain a hybridization buffer solution;
(3) aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica (DNA-NH)2-preparation of MSN): the dried amino functionalized mesoporous silicon dioxide (NH)2-MSN) milling; reacting NH2MSN is dispersed in deionized water containing glutaraldehyde and reacted with stirring at room temperature; dissolving the precipitate obtained by centrifugal drying in a hybridization buffer solution, adding a nucleic acid aptamer solution, and oscillating overnight; centrifugally drying and grinding to obtain aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica which is marked as DNA-NH2MSN, dissolved in hybridization buffer and stored.
3. A heavy metal ion adsorption experiment by using the aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica heavy metal ion adsorption material of claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) dropping the modified aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica onto a clean silicon gold, drying, then placing the silicon gold into a mercury sample solution, and standing for a period of time;
(2) and (3) taking out the silicon gold sheet, and analyzing the adsorption performance of the aptamer functionalized mesoporous silicon dioxide on mercury ions in water by an energy spectrometer.
4. The application of the aptamer functionalized mesoporous silica heavy metal ion adsorbing material as claimed in claim 1 in preparation of a nano sensor for adsorbing mercury ions.
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN105738341A (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2016-07-06 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Heavy metal mercury ion detection method |
CN105866101A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-08-17 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Heavy metal mercury ion detection method based on nucleic acid aptamer labeling |
CN109044993A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2018-12-21 | 华南理工大学 | It is a kind of to target polyethyleneglycol modified mesoporous silicon dioxide nano particle and preparation method thereof with aptamer |
CN111044496A (en) * | 2019-12-21 | 2020-04-21 | 东南大学 | Preparation method and application of silicon dioxide-based super-resolution imaging probe |
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Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN105738341A (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2016-07-06 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Heavy metal mercury ion detection method |
CN105866101A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-08-17 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Heavy metal mercury ion detection method based on nucleic acid aptamer labeling |
CN109044993A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2018-12-21 | 华南理工大学 | It is a kind of to target polyethyleneglycol modified mesoporous silicon dioxide nano particle and preparation method thereof with aptamer |
CN111044496A (en) * | 2019-12-21 | 2020-04-21 | 东南大学 | Preparation method and application of silicon dioxide-based super-resolution imaging probe |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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YUNFEI ZHANG ET AL: "DNA-Capped Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles as an Ion-Responsive Release System to Determine the Presence of Mercury in Aqueous Solutions", 《ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY》 * |
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