CN112636457A - Implementation method of direct-current backup power supply system - Google Patents
Implementation method of direct-current backup power supply system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112636457A CN112636457A CN202011610910.3A CN202011610910A CN112636457A CN 112636457 A CN112636457 A CN 112636457A CN 202011610910 A CN202011610910 A CN 202011610910A CN 112636457 A CN112636457 A CN 112636457A
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- power supply
- current
- storage battery
- diode
- voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
Abstract
The invention provides a method for realizing a power supply system of a direct current backup power supply, which belongs to the technical field of power supply systems and comprises a socket of a P1 external direct current power supply, a socket of a P2 external storage battery and a socket of a P3 external supplied power load.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power supply systems, and particularly relates to a method for realizing a direct-current backup power supply system.
Background
In the field of automatic doors, the dynamic peak power of a motor powered by 24V can reach dozens of watts to hundreds of watts, the duration time of each time is only dozens of seconds, the static power is only about one watt, the motor works in a static state for more than 95 percent of time, and the motor is very suitable for being powered by using a backup power supply under the condition of unexpected power failure. The charge and discharge circuit of the backup power supply system in the market at present generally adopts a constant-voltage low-current charging mode, the circuit is complex, the power supply switching time is slow, and the power consumption is large.
The original purpose of the PPTC device, also called a self-recovery fuse, and the use thereof in various fields at present are to protect a circuit system from self-recovering normal operation after an unexpected overcurrent or short circuit, and belong to protective devices.
According to the invention, instead of the conventional method, the device is operated on a characteristic curve of a transition region which is also open and closed, and when the device is operated in the transition region, the constant power characteristic is presented, so that the impedance value of the device can be dynamically changed, the current passing through the device can be changed within a limited value, and the proper current can be kept to continuously pass through, therefore, the limited current can be used for charging a storage battery, and the application range of the device is further expanded.
Although the device is switched on and off ten thousand times and the constant power mode is operated for thousands of hours, it is sufficient for the backup system for the following reasons:
1. the backup system is generally used in an emergency, and the use frequency is not large;
2. with the progress of technology, the comprehensive service life of the device can be continuously improved;
3. the charge-discharge cycle service life of the storage battery is hundreds to thousands of times;
4. when the storage battery is charged, the internal resistance of the battery per se is changed from high to low and the voltage is changed from low to high along with the increase of time, a certain self-adaptive limiting effect is achieved on the charging current in the process, the internal resistance can be generally limited within 1-2 times of the rated output current of the storage battery, the charging current generally gradually and automatically decreases, the current limiting value of the PPTC is designed to be close to the rated value, the duration of the constant-power working state of the PPTC can be shortened, and the service life of the PPTC is prolonged.
The system has low cost, and can be replaced along with the storage battery when the service life of the storage battery is up.
The prior art generally adopts constant voltage low current to charge, adopts a relay to switch backup power supply, the power consumption of the relay and peripheral circuits is about 1 watt, the power consumption is obvious, the switching process reaches tens of milliseconds, and contacts are easy to oxidize and age. The adopted devices are more, and the circuit structure is complex.
The invention adopts the PPTC device to carry out constant voltage current-limiting charging and adopts the diode device to switch backup power supply, the static power consumption is only dozens of milliwatts, the energy saving is remarkable, the contactless switching is realized, the stability and the reliability are higher, the service life is long, and the switching process is only hundreds of nanoseconds. The adopted devices are few, and the circuit structure is simple.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for realizing a direct-current backup power supply system, which has the advantages of reasonable structure, low cost, simple circuit structure, low static power consumption, capability of greatly prolonging the standby time of a power utilization system and convenience in operation.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a method for realizing a power supply system of a direct current backup power supply comprises a socket of a P1 external direct current power supply, a socket of a P2 external storage battery, a socket of a P3 external supplied power load, and an Rt2 PPTC self-recovery fuse, wherein the overcurrent and short circuit protection is carried out on the storage battery; rt1 PPTC self-recovery fuse and a D2 diode, wherein the Rt1 PPTC self-recovery fuse and the D2 diode jointly form a charging part of the storage battery; a D3 diode for completing the part of the electric energy output from the DC power supply to the load; a D4 diode for completing the part of the electric energy output from the storage battery to the load; the power supply comprises a R1 current-limiting resistor, an LED1 indicator light, a D1 voltage stabilizing diode, an R2 current-limiting resistor and an LED2 indicator light, wherein the R1 current-limiting resistor and the LED1 indicator light jointly form the access display of a direct current power supply, the D1 voltage stabilizing diode, the R2 current-limiting resistor and the LED2 indicator light jointly form the power display of a storage battery, and the R3 current-limiting resistor and the LED3 indicator light jointly form the power; the voltage of the dc power source is always slightly higher than the battery voltage by 0.4V, so when the dc power source normally supplies power, the power is supplied to the load through P3 through D3, and D4 is biased by a reverse voltage of 0.4V, resulting in maintaining the off-state.
After a part of electric energy of the direct current power supply is supplied to a load through D3, the other part of the electric energy of the direct current power supply charges the storage battery through D2, Rt1, Rt2 and P2, D2 can prevent the electric energy of the storage battery from being reversely fed to the direct current power supply after the direct current power supply loses power, Rt1 can always work in a conducting state, the maximum charging current of the direct current power supply to the storage battery can be limited, the current nominal value of the current is within 0.5 time of the charging current of the storage battery, when the direct current power supply stops supplying power due to accidents, the electric energy of the storage battery passes through the Rt2 and the D4 within hundreds of nanoseconds and is supplied to the load through P3, the Rt2 is a serious overcurrent protection device of the storage battery, and the current nominal value of the.
When the DC power supply is connected to provide power, the LED1 indicator light will light, otherwise the LED1 indicator light will turn off.
When the voltage of the storage battery exceeds the regulated voltage value of D1, the LED2 indicator lamp is turned on, otherwise, the LED2 indicator lamp is turned off.
When the system DC output is provided with electric energy, the LED3 indicator light is turned on, otherwise, the LED3 indicator light is turned off.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the implementation method of the direct-current backup power supply system has the advantages of non-contact switching power utilization, more stable and reliable switching process, low cost, simple circuit structure and low static power consumption, and can greatly prolong the standby time of the power utilization system.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the flow structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific examples.
A method for realizing a power supply system of a direct current backup power supply comprises the steps that P1 is a socket of an external direct current power supply, P2 is a socket of an external storage battery, and P3 is a socket of an external supplied power load.
Rt2 is a PPTC self-recovery fuse for over-current and short-circuit protection of the storage battery;
rt1 is a PPTC self-recovery fuse, D2 is a diode, and the two form a charging part of the storage battery;
d3 is a diode to complete the part of the electric energy output of the direct current power supply to the load;
d4 is a diode to complete the part of the electric energy output from the storage battery to the load;
r1 is the current-limiting resistor, and LED1 is the pilot lamp, and the two have constituteed DC power supply's access jointly and have shown, and D1 is zener diode, and R2 is the current-limiting resistor, and LED2 is the pilot lamp, and the electric energy that the battery was shown has been constituteed jointly to the three.
R3 is current-limiting resistor, and LED3 is pilot lamp, and the two constitute the electric energy display of system direct current output jointly.
The voltage of the dc power source is always slightly higher than the battery voltage by 0.4V, so when the dc power source normally supplies power, the power is supplied to the load through P3 through D3, and D4 is biased by a reverse voltage of 0.4V, resulting in maintaining the off-state.
After a part of electric energy of the direct current power supply is supplied to a load through D3, the other part of the electric energy of the direct current power supply charges the storage battery through D2, Rt1, Rt2 and P2, D2 can prevent the electric energy of the storage battery from being reversely fed to the direct current power supply after the direct current power supply loses power, Rt1 can always work in a conducting state, the maximum charging current of the direct current power supply to the storage battery can be limited, the current nominal value of the current is within 0.5 time of the charging current of the storage battery, when the direct current power supply stops supplying power due to accidents, the electric energy of the storage battery passes through the Rt2 and the D4 within hundreds of nanoseconds and is supplied to the load through P3, the Rt2 is a serious overcurrent protection device of the storage battery, and the current nominal value of the.
When the DC power supply is connected to provide power, the LED1 indicator light will light, otherwise the LED1 indicator light will turn off.
When the voltage of the storage battery exceeds the regulated voltage value of D1, the LED2 indicator lamp is turned on, otherwise, the LED2 indicator lamp is turned off.
When the system DC output is provided with electric energy, the LED3 indicator light is turned on, otherwise, the LED3 indicator light is turned off.
The PPTC is characterized in that when the device is at normal temperature, the current passing through the device is lower than a preset characteristic value and has a low impedance characteristic, when the current passing through the device is overlarge, the power borne by the device is large, the device can rapidly heat, after a few seconds, the temperature of the device exceeds the preset characteristic value due to heat accumulated by the device, the device has a high impedance characteristic, the current passing through the device can be rapidly reduced, after the current is reduced, the device can be cooled down after a few seconds, the impedance of the device is reduced, the current passing through the device can be increased, the heat of the device is increased again, after the cycle is repeated for a plurality of cycles, the device is maintained at a thermal balance point, the fluctuation of various working parameters is relatively small, the impedance value of the device is basically stabilized, and at the moment, the current passing through the.
Under the condition of more power shortage of the storage battery, the self voltage value is lower and can be lower than 80% of the nominal value of the storage battery. The voltage setting value of the direct current power supply is 115% of the nominal value of the storage battery, at the moment, a voltage drop of 35% exists between the direct current power supply and the storage battery, and a large voltage drop may cause a large initial charging current of the storage battery and exceed a current supply range of the direct current power supply, or cause rapid heating of the storage battery during charging.
The current value of the PPTC after current limiting is dynamically variable, the constraint mechanism is that the electric power born by the device as a resistive device is radiated in a heat mode, when the electric power born by the device is low, heat can be radiated in time, the resistance value of the device can not be obviously changed, when the electric power born by the device reaches a preset value, the heat radiation speed of the device is not as high as the growth speed, so that when the temperature of the device reaches the vicinity of a varistor characteristic value, the impedance of the device fluctuates positively and negatively, the fluctuation change of the impedance forms a dynamic cycle, the cycle maintains the approximate invariability of the electric power born by the device, namely the constancy within about +/-15 percent, under the normal use condition, the constant electric power value born by the device is objective, the value determines the varistor characteristic of the device, when the device is connected in a charging loop in series, the current limiting value and the constant power characteristic of the device can be changed when different voltage drops between the storage battery and the direct-current power supply are changed, so that the larger the voltage drop is, the smaller the current is, and otherwise, the larger the current is. Some manufacturers do not provide the power parameter value because the power parameter value has a certain relation with the using environment and the method of the device, but the power parameter value can be roughly measured in the following mode, when the device works in a constant-power variable resistance state, the voltage value at two ends of the device is multiplied by the current value passing through the device, through a PPTC test of 33V/1.1A and 1812 packages produced by some manufacturers, the threshold interval of the resistance jump current is between 2 and 3A currents, the current limit value can be considered to be below 3A, and through applying voltage to the device, the product of the current and the voltage is always stabilized at about 2W after the current changes from 2.0V to 33V.
For example, a 24V/4AH storage battery needs to be charged, if the positive and negative poles of a 24V/10A dc power supply are directly connected to the positive and negative poles of the storage battery, an unsafe factor may occur, because the voltage value of the storage battery is uncertain, so that the charging current is uncertain, and therefore, an excessive charging current may cause the output voltage of the dc power supply to be lowered, or the storage battery to heat rapidly, so that the service life and the safety of the storage battery cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, current-limiting charging is required, if a 33V/1.1A PPTC device is adopted, the maximum charging current can be limited within about 2-3A, if the initial charging current is larger than the limit value, the device immediately enters a constant-power variable resistance state, the charging current is equal to 2W divided by the voltage drop between the direct-current power supply voltage and the storage battery voltage, and if the voltage drop is 5V, the charging current is 0.4A.
Attention is paid to the detailed design.
1. The no-load voltage of the dc power supply is set to be slightly higher than the full charge voltage of the secondary battery to prevent overcharging or undercharging of the secondary battery. For example, the nominal voltage of the battery is 10.91V, the full-charge voltage is 10.91V × 1.15V — 25.2V, the no-load voltage of the dc power supply is set to 25.6V, and 0.4V higher is used to offset the voltage drop of the charging diode.
2. The maximum charging current value is designed to be approximately equal to the rated output current value of the storage battery, the frequency and the duration of the PPTC constant power mode are low, and the service life of the PPTC is long.
3. PPTC devices may operate in a heat-generating state, and attention is paid to the design of flame and explosion protection safety and the layout of the devices.
4. The explosion safety design and the use place are also needed to be paid attention to when the power supply, the storage battery and the like are charged.
For the sake of highlighting the subject, the present invention does not relate to protection components for over-discharge of a secondary battery, etc., and does not relate to component parts of a direct current power supply.
For a clearer understanding of the present invention, it should be emphasized that the present invention is not a constant voltage and constant current charging mode, which is common in the past, but a constant voltage and current limiting charging mode.
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered to be the fundamental principles of the invention and its essential features and advantages, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited by the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (2)
1. A realization method of a direct current backup power supply system comprises a D2 diode, a D3 diode, a D4 diode and an Rt1 PPTC self-recovery fuse device combined circuit structure, and is characterized in that: the constant power characteristic of a PPTC high-molecular element is adopted to carry out current-limiting charging on the storage battery instead of overcurrent protection, the diode carries out a circuit structure for switching between charging and discharging of a backup power supply, and the no-load voltage of the direct-current power supply is set to be slightly higher than the full-charge voltage of the storage battery.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: the diode adopts an MOSFET device, and the diode in the body can achieve the same effect of charging and discharging of the system.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011610910.3A CN112636457A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Implementation method of direct-current backup power supply system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011610910.3A CN112636457A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Implementation method of direct-current backup power supply system |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07241046A (en) * | 1994-02-28 | 1995-09-12 | Pfu Ltd | Trickle charging current switching system |
| TW464059U (en) * | 2000-02-02 | 2001-11-11 | Synergy Scientech Corp | Multi-layer electrode for secondary cell |
| JP2009118683A (en) * | 2007-11-08 | 2009-05-28 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Charger, charging method thereof, and power supply system |
| JP2015149796A (en) * | 2014-02-05 | 2015-08-20 | テクノナレッジ・システム有限会社 | Control circuit for dc/ac converter |
| CN207320853U (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2018-05-04 | 深圳市万瑞和电子有限公司 | A kind of current foldback circuits of PPTC in charging and discharging lithium battery circuit |
| CN110612651A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2019-12-24 | 博朗有限公司 | Circuit and method for charging secondary battery |
-
2020
- 2020-12-30 CN CN202011610910.3A patent/CN112636457A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07241046A (en) * | 1994-02-28 | 1995-09-12 | Pfu Ltd | Trickle charging current switching system |
| TW464059U (en) * | 2000-02-02 | 2001-11-11 | Synergy Scientech Corp | Multi-layer electrode for secondary cell |
| JP2009118683A (en) * | 2007-11-08 | 2009-05-28 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Charger, charging method thereof, and power supply system |
| JP2015149796A (en) * | 2014-02-05 | 2015-08-20 | テクノナレッジ・システム有限会社 | Control circuit for dc/ac converter |
| CN207320853U (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2018-05-04 | 深圳市万瑞和电子有限公司 | A kind of current foldback circuits of PPTC in charging and discharging lithium battery circuit |
| CN110612651A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2019-12-24 | 博朗有限公司 | Circuit and method for charging secondary battery |
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