CN112636320A - N-source direct-current feed-compensation micro-grid structure and control method - Google Patents

N-source direct-current feed-compensation micro-grid structure and control method Download PDF

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CN112636320A
CN112636320A CN202110252575.2A CN202110252575A CN112636320A CN 112636320 A CN112636320 A CN 112636320A CN 202110252575 A CN202110252575 A CN 202110252575A CN 112636320 A CN112636320 A CN 112636320A
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CN112636320B (en
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张加胜
刘玉林
于英超
刘德亮
严川
李洪波
邹兵
李凯凯
杨彪
徐恩方
孙振华
韦伟中
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Upc Blue Sky Petroleum Technology Co ltd
Dongying Branch Of China Stone Lantian Qingdao Petroleum Technology Co ltd
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Dongying Branch Of China Stone Lantian Qingdao Petroleum Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • H02J2300/26—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin involving maximum power point tracking control for photovoltaic sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/40—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation wherein a plurality of decentralised, dispersed or local energy generation technologies are operated simultaneously
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of distributed power distribution regulation and control of oil fields, and particularly relates to an N-source direct-current feed-supplement micro-grid structure and a control method. The N-source direct-current feed-supplement micro-grid structure and the control method can give full play to the utilization efficiency of the oil field micro-grid to various micro-sources, the control process is simple, convenient and flexible, the cost is low, the reliability is high, and the power supply requirements of high efficiency, economy, energy conservation, consumption reduction, stability and reliability of the micro-grid in harbors/buildings/oil/mining areas are met. An N-source direct current feeding and supplementing micro-grid structure comprises: the system comprises N micro sources, N direct current feed compensation regulation units, a direct current micro grid common bus and a plurality of loads; wherein, the N-path micro-source is used for outputting adjustable direct current voltage with the same voltage levelu 1，u 2，u 3……u N‑1，u N(ii) a The N-source direct current feed regulation and control unit is used for converting adjustable direct current voltage output by a plurality of micro sources into a controlled quasi current source to be fed into a direct current micro-grid publicIn the bus bar.

Description

N-source direct-current feed-compensation micro-grid structure and control method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of distributed power distribution regulation and control of oil fields, and particularly relates to an N-source direct-current feed-supplement micro-grid structure and a control method.
Background
With the high importance of the new energy development technology utilization in various countries in the world, the development of the distributed power generation and micro-grid technology is very rapid. The direct-current micro-grid is particularly suitable for power supply occasions such as oil well mining areas and the like, and can give full play to various advantages of direct-current power transmission, such as: the transmission capacity is large; the conveying distance is long; reactive current and magnetic induction loss do not exist, and the line loss is reduced in small voltage; the direct current source grid-connected structure is simple and easy to control; the size and direction of the transmission power can be controlled and adjusted rapidly; the direct current transmission can fully utilize line corridor resources. At present, the oil field mostly connects the power supplies (such as a frequency converter, a wind turbine generator, photovoltaic power generation, a switched reluctance motor, a Direct-current brushless motor and the like) and the load devices together in series through a Direct-current Micro-grid Bus (DMGB), so that the Micro-sources and the loads are ensured to have the running independence, and the coordinated control among the Micro-sources and the loads can be realized through networked monitoring.
In particular, the micro-sources on the oilfield distributed dc micro-grid may come from a variety of forms, such as: the power generation of various renewable energy sources such as wind power, photovoltaic and ocean, fuel oil or coal bed gas, gas turbine and the like, or new energy sources such as storage batteries, super capacitors and power frequency power grids or traditional power sources. However, after further research, the inventor finds that in the process of merging various forms of micro sources into a direct current micro grid, due to the large characteristic difference of various micro sources, particularly renewable energy sources such as wind, light and the like have strong power generation power fluctuation and randomness; in addition, various loads can be loaded on the DMGB, for example, various energy feedback loads in harbor/building/oil/mine areas can feed back energy to the DMGB or generate impulse to the microgrid, which can cause unstable voltage fluctuation of the DMGB. Therefore, it is urgently needed to provide a networking structure designed for multiple micro-sources and a corresponding coordination control method by those skilled in the art, so as to ensure coordination control among all structural units under the networking structure, and finally realize DMGB voltage stabilization and complementary operation, so that the oilfield microgrid as a whole conforms to the optimization principle of fully utilizing renewable energy and economy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an N-source direct-current feeding and supplementing micro-grid structure and a control method, the N-source direct-current feeding and supplementing micro-grid structure can fully exert the utilization efficiency of an oil field micro-grid to various micro-sources, the control process is simple, convenient and flexible, the cost is low, the reliability is high, and the requirements of efficient economy, energy conservation, consumption reduction, stability and reliability on the micro-grid in harbors/buildings/oil/mining areas and the like can be met.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an N-source direct current feeding and supplementing micro-grid structure comprises:
n-path micro-source, N-source direct-current feed-compensation regulation and control unit and direct-current micro-grid common busAnd a plurality of loads; wherein, the N-path micro-source is used for outputting adjustable direct current voltage with the same voltage levelu 1，u 2，u 3……u N-1，u N(ii) a The N-source direct current feeding regulation and control unit is used for converting adjustable direct current voltage output by the micro sources into a controlled quasi current source and feeding the controlled quasi current source into a common bus of the direct current micro grid;
when the micro source is a power frequency power grid, a first conversion circuit and a first control circuit are also configured at the position of the output end of the micro source; the first conversion circuit is composed of a PWM reversible rectifier and a first quasi-current source conversion filter inductor, the first control circuit is composed of a first DSP processor, a first input voltage and current detection unit, a first IGBT drive isolation protection unit and a first output voltage and current detection unit, and the first input voltage and current detection unit, the first IGBT drive isolation protection unit and the first output voltage and current detection unit are all connected with the first DSP processor;
the first input voltage and current detection unit is used for detecting a voltage value and a current value of an alternating current input side of the PWM reversible rectifier; the first output voltage and current detection unit is used for detecting the voltage value and the current value of the direct current output side of the PWM reversible rectifier; the first IGBT driving isolation protection unit is used for driving and isolating and protecting the PWM reversible rectifier;
when the micro source is a wind power generation system, a second conversion circuit and a second control circuit are also configured at the position of the output end of the micro source; the second conversion circuit is composed of a diode rectification unit, a PWM-type Buck converter and a second quasi-current source conversion filter inductor, the second control circuit is composed of a second DSP processor, a speed measurement unit, a second input voltage and current detection unit, a second drive isolation protection unit and a second output voltage and current detection unit, and the speed measurement unit, the second input voltage and current detection unit, the second drive isolation protection unit and the second output voltage and current detection unit are all connected with the second DSP processor;
the speed measuring unit is used for detecting the current rotating speed of a wind wheel blade in the wind power generation system; the second input voltage and current detection unit is used for detecting the voltage value and the current value of the input side of the PWM type Buck converter; the second driving isolation protection unit is used for driving and isolating and protecting the PWM type Buck converter; the second output voltage and current detection unit is used for detecting the voltage value and the current value of the output side of the PWM type Buck converter;
when the micro source is a photovoltaic power generation system, a third conversion circuit and a third control circuit are further configured at the position of the output end of the micro source; the third conversion circuit is composed of a Boost converter and a third quasi-current source conversion filter inductor, the third control circuit is composed of a third DSP processor, a third input voltage and current detection unit, a third driving isolation protection unit and a third output voltage and current detection unit, and the third input voltage and current detection unit, the third driving isolation protection unit and the third output voltage and current detection unit are all connected with the third DSP processor;
the third input voltage and current detection unit is used for detecting the voltage value and the current value of the input side of the Boost converter; the third driving isolation protection unit is used for driving and isolating and protecting the Boost converter; and the third output voltage and current detection unit is used for detecting the voltage value and the current value of the output side of the Boost converter.
On the other hand, a control method for an N-source dc feed-back microgrid structure includes: when the micro source is a wind power generation system, calculating to obtain a control signal required by a closed-loop control PWM type Buck converter according to the following steps;
step a 1: tracking and determining maximum output power of wind power generation system corresponding to current rotating speed
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(ii) a The maximum output power of the wind power generation system
Figure 864476DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure 97136DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
（1）；
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 356079DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
the air density, the structural size of a wind wheel in a wind power generation system and the maximum wind energy utilization coefficient
Figure 172725DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
And optimum tip speed ratio
Figure 175317DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
The associated best fit constant;
Figure 495439DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
the current rotating speed of the wind wheel blade in the wind power generation system;
step a 2: the maximum output power of the wind power generation system corresponding to the current rotating speed obtained in the step a1
Figure 722021DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
As power reference value
Figure 963647DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
(ii) a By using
Figure 68131DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
And DMGB voltage
Figure 446023DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
And calculating to obtain the output given current value of the wind power generation system
Figure 109086DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
；
Step a 3: computing
Figure 572428DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
And
Figure 979139DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
the comparison deviation is regulated by PI to obtain the transient terminal voltage of the inductor
Figure 477116DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
(ii) a Transient terminal voltage of inductor
Figure 45501DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
And DMGB voltage
Figure 825500DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
Adding to obtain the output voltage of the PWM Buck converter
Figure 708005DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
；
Step a 4: calculating output voltage of PWM type Buck converter
Figure 388385DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
And PWM type Buck converter input voltage
Figure 65354DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
Obtaining the duty ratio control signal of the PWM type Buck converter
Figure 300027DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
；
Duty ratio control signal of said PWM type Buck converter
Figure 986223DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
The control signal is the control signal required by the closed-loop control of the wind power generation subsystem.
Preferably, the control method further includes: when the micro source is a photovoltaic power generation system, calculating to obtain a control signal required by a closed-loop control Boost converter according to the following steps:
step b 1: determining a photovoltaic power generation system operating point voltage command
Figure 255530DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
(ii) a Calculating a photovoltaic power generation system operating point voltage instruction
Figure 944480DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
Output sampling voltage value of photovoltaic power generation system
Figure 869711DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
The comparison deviation is regulated by PI to obtain the given value of the output current of the photovoltaic cell
Figure 156336DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
(ii) a Calculating the given value of the output current of the photovoltaic cell
Figure 483412DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
And the output current detection value of the photovoltaic cell
Figure 830080DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
Comparing the deviation to obtain the given value of the input current of the Boost converter
Figure 977027DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
；
Step b 2: calculating the given value of the output current of the Boost converter
Figure 631125DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
；
The Boost converter outputs a given value of current
Figure 812707DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure 595856DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
（2）；
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 292416DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
outputting voltage for a Boost converter;
step b 3: calculating the given value of the output current of the photovoltaic power generation system
Figure 858527DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
And photovoltaicsOutput current supply value of power generation system
Figure 956933DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
The comparison deviation is regulated by PI to obtain the transient terminal voltage of the inductor
Figure 583086DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
；
Step b 4: transient terminal voltage of inductor
Figure 268408DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
And DMGB voltage
Figure 700526DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
Adding to obtain the output voltage provided value of Boost converter
Figure 919018DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
；
Calculating to obtain a duty ratio control signal of the Boost converter by using a Boost conversion ratio relational expression of the Boost converter
Figure 716072DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
(ii) a Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 387225DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
satisfies the following conditions:
Figure 295138DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
（3）；
duty ratio control signal of Boost converter
Figure 869601DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
The control signal is the control signal required by the closed-loop control of the photovoltaic power generation subsystem.
The invention provides an N-source direct-current feed-compensation micro-grid structure and a control method, and particularly the N-source direct-current feed-compensation micro-grid structure comprises a plurality of micro-sources, an N-source direct-current feed-compensation regulation and control unit, a direct-current bus and a plurality of loads; the N-source direct current feeding regulation and control unit is used for feeding electric energy output by the micro sources into the oil field direct current micro grid at the same voltage level. The N-source direct current feeding and supplementing micro-grid structure with the structural characteristics has the characteristics of simplicity and flexibility in control, low cost, high reliability and the like, and after the technical scheme is implemented, a novel modern oil field direct current micro-grid structure which is flexible, efficient, economical, energy-saving, stable and reliable can be provided for harbor/construction/oil/mine areas and the like.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an architecture of an N-source dc feed-supplement micro-grid according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure and measurement and control of an N-source dc feed compensation unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a DSP measurement and control circuit of a power frequency power grid PWM reversible rectification subsystem;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a DSP measurement and control circuit of a wind power generation subsystem;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a DSP measurement and control circuit of the photovoltaic power generation subsystem;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a wind power generation subsystem architecture and closed loop control model;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic power generation subsystem architecture and closed-loop control model.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an N-source direct-current feeding and supplementing micro-grid structure and a control method, the N-source direct-current feeding and supplementing micro-grid structure can fully exert the utilization efficiency of an oil field micro-grid to various micro-sources, the control process is simple, convenient and flexible, the cost is low, the reliability is high, and the requirements of efficient economy, energy conservation, consumption reduction, stability and reliability on the micro-grid in harbors/buildings/oil/mining areas and the like can be met.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Further, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
Embodiment 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides an N-source dc feeding-compensation micro-grid structure, which includes: the system comprises N micro sources, N direct current feed compensation regulation units, a direct current micro grid common bus and a plurality of loads; wherein, the N-path micro-source is used for outputting adjustable direct current voltage with the same voltage levelu 1，u 2，u 3……u N-1，u N(ii) a The N-source direct current feeding regulation and control unit is used for converting adjustable direct current voltages output by the micro sources into controlled quasi-current sources respectively and feeding the controlled quasi-current sources into a common bus of the direct current micro grid.
It should be noted that as mentioned in the background, the micro-sources in the dc microgrid structure have various sources, such as: the power generation of various renewable energy sources such as wind power, photovoltaic and ocean, fuel oil or coal bed gas, gas turbine and the like, or new energy sources such as storage batteries, super capacitors and power frequency power grids or traditional power sources. In the general architecture of the N-source dc-fed micro-grid shown in fig. 1, N paths of input adjustable dc voltages with the same voltage levelu 1，u 2，u 3……u N-1，u NIn turn from N micro sources, respectively, for example: a power frequency grid; in particular, the power frequency grid networkA rectifying converter is arranged on the side; the rectifier usually adopts a PWM converter (or called a four-quadrant converter), and also can adopt an uncontrollable rectifier with LC filtering, and a boost DC/DC converter is required to be added; a wind generating set; specifically, a rectifying converter is arranged on the output side of the wind generating set; an array of photovoltaic cells; specifically, the photovoltaic cell array generates electricity through various renewable energy sources such as a DC/DC converter; the alternating current output side of the gas turbine generator set or the fuel oil or coal bed gas power generation set is provided with a rectifier converter. Wherein, a plurality of converters uniformly convert all micro-sources into DMGB voltage
Figure 837557DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
And the adjacent N paths of adjustable voltage sources are respectively fed into the DMGB through the output of the N-source direct current feed compensation regulation and control unit to supply power for M loads on the microgrid. The set values of the adjustable direct current voltage sources can be adjusted through the control line groups respectively, so that the complementary energy feedback control requirements of a plurality of loads of the micro-grid are met. The N-source dc feed-compensation regulation and control unit may convert each dc power supply into a controlled quasi-current source through its own inductor, and appropriately adjust the set value of each quasi-current source through the N-source measurement and control unit shown in fig. 2 according to the magnitude of the supplied current detected by each micro-source current sensor.
Further refer to the circuit structure and the measurement and control schematic diagram of the N-source dc feed compensation unit shown in fig. 2. The N-source measurement and control unit carries out comprehensive analysis, comparison and judgment according to feedback signals of each path of micro-source current and DMGB voltage, and adjusts the set value of each path of voltage source to control the quasi-current source, so that coordinated joint control and complementary operation among N sources are realized, complementary energy feedback power of N micro-sources to each load is optimally configured, and renewable energy of the whole micro-grid system is fully utilized. One of the N micro sources can be selected as a main power supply, when the micro source is insufficient or unstable or even fails, other micro sources and/or power frequency network power supplies supply power to dynamically supplement the power, or other one or more paths of micro sources are controlled to be put into operation at the same time, and power required by the DMGB load is complemented so as to meet the energy feeding requirements of M loads of the micro grid. The energy storage link can be used as an emergency reserve. When the total of the power generation and the load energy feedback of each micro power supply exceeds the load energy consumption, the redundant electric energy can be stored in the energy storage device through the charging converter and can also be fed into the main network through the network power converter.
Further specifically, when the micro-source is a power frequency grid, as shown in fig. 3, a first conversion circuit and a first control circuit are further configured at the position of the output end of the micro-source; the first conversion circuit is composed of a PWM reversible rectifier and a first quasi-current source conversion filter inductor, the first control circuit is composed of a first DSP processor, a first input voltage and current detection unit, a first IGBT drive isolation protection unit and a first output voltage and current detection unit, and the first input voltage and current detection unit, the first IGBT drive isolation protection unit and the first output voltage and current detection unit are all connected with the first DSP processor; the first input voltage and current detection unit is used for detecting a voltage value and a current value of an alternating current input side of the PWM reversible rectifier; the first output voltage and current detection unit is used for detecting the voltage value and the current value of the direct current output side of the PWM reversible rectifier; the first IGBT driving isolation protection unit is used for driving and isolating and protecting the PWM reversible rectifier;
it is worth noting that by adopting the power frequency power grid configuration structure, on one hand, the higher requirements of the power frequency power grid on grid-side harmonic waves and power factors are met; on the other hand, when the micro-grid is light in load, or the voltage of the DMGB bus is higher due to the energy feedback of the load, or the supply of other renewable energy sources is excessive, the micro-grid can be switched into an active inversion state, and the excessive energy of the micro-grid (direct current bus) is fed back to the grid; when the load of the micro-grid is heavy and other renewable energy sources are not sufficiently supplied, the micro-grid can be controlled to supply energy to the micro-grid through rectification on the grid side (the voltage on the direct current side of the micro-grid needs to be set according to the DMGB voltage rating and the feed-supplement requirement and needs to be adjustable within a certain range); it can also be put into a blocking state as required. If the grid-side rectifier adopts an uncontrollable rectifier with LC filtering, a boost DC/DC converter is required to be added, and the feed supplement requirement on the micro-grid is met through PWM duty ratio control.
When the micro-source is a wind power generation system, as shown in fig. 4, a second conversion circuit and a second control circuit are further configured at the output end of the micro-source; the second conversion circuit is composed of a diode rectification unit, a PWM-type Buck converter and a second quasi-current source conversion filter inductor, the second control circuit is composed of a second DSP processor, a speed measurement unit, a second input voltage and current detection unit, a second drive isolation protection unit and a second output voltage and current detection unit, and the speed measurement unit, the second input voltage and current detection unit, the second drive isolation protection unit and the second output voltage and current detection unit are all connected with the second DSP processor; the speed measuring unit is used for detecting the current rotating speed of a wind wheel blade in the wind power generation system; the second input voltage and current detection unit is used for detecting the voltage value and the current value of the input side of the PWM type Buck converter; the second driving isolation protection unit is used for driving and isolating and protecting the PWM type Buck converter; the second output voltage and current detection unit is used for detecting the voltage value and the current value of the output side of the PWM type Buck converter;
when the micro-source is a photovoltaic power generation system, as shown in fig. 5, a third conversion circuit and a third control circuit are further configured at the output end of the micro-source; the third conversion circuit is composed of a Boost converter and a third quasi-current source conversion filter inductor, the third control circuit is composed of a third DSP processor, a third input voltage and current detection unit, a third driving isolation protection unit and a third output voltage and current detection unit, and the third input voltage and current detection unit, the third driving isolation protection unit and the third output voltage and current detection unit are all connected with the third DSP processor; the third input voltage and current detection unit is used for detecting the voltage value and the current value of the input side of the Boost converter; the third driving isolation protection unit is used for driving and isolating and protecting the Boost converter; and the third output voltage and current detection unit is used for detecting the voltage value and the current value of the output side of the Boost converter.
Example II
The second embodiment is a control method for the N-source direct-current feed-supplement microgrid structure, wherein the second embodiment refers to a corresponding control method when the microgrid is a wind power generation system. Specifically, when the micro-source is a wind power generation system, based on the structure of the wind power generation subsystem shown in fig. 4 and the closed-loop control model shown in fig. 6, the corresponding control method is described as follows:
a closed-loop control model shown in figure 6 is built according to the wind power generation electronic system shown in figure 4, wherein the direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous wind power generation output is rectified by a diode to obtain direct-current voltage
Figure 261586DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
The output voltage is enabled by a Buck converter
Figure 973190DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
Adjustable inductanceLHas the double functions of filtering and quasi-current source conversion.
The specific calculation steps can be described as:
step a 1: tracking and determining maximum output power of wind power generation system corresponding to current rotating speed
Figure 900694DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
(ii) a The maximum output power of the wind power generation system
Figure 101869DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure 419717DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
（1）；
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 498794DEST_PATH_IMAGE039
the air density, the structural size of a wind wheel in a wind power generation system and the maximum wind energy utilization coefficient
Figure 484068DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
And optimum tip speed ratio
Figure 856143DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
The associated best fit constant;
Figure 714816DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
for wind power generationCurrent rotational speed of the wind turbine blade in the electrical system;
step a 2: the maximum output power of the wind power generation system corresponding to the current rotating speed obtained in the step a1
Figure 830539DEST_PATH_IMAGE043
As power reference value
Figure 234101DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
(ii) a By using
Figure 42657DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
And DMGB voltage
Figure 397415DEST_PATH_IMAGE045
And calculating to obtain the output given current value of the wind power generation system
Figure 988934DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
；
Step a 3: computing
Figure 11116DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
And
Figure 226459DEST_PATH_IMAGE047
the comparison deviation is regulated by PI to obtain the transient terminal voltage of the inductor
Figure 6196DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
(ii) a Transient terminal voltage of inductor
Figure 463722DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
And DMGB voltage
Figure 340412DEST_PATH_IMAGE049
Adding to obtain the output voltage of the PWM Buck converter
Figure 162874DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
；
Step a 4: computing PWM type Buck converter outputOutput voltage
Figure 56006DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
And PWM type Buck converter input voltage
Figure 254906DEST_PATH_IMAGE051
Obtaining the duty ratio control signal of the PWM type Buck converter
Figure 251681DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
(ii) a Duty ratio control signal of said PWM type Buck converter
Figure 245045DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
The control signal is the control signal required by the PWM type Buck converter for closed-loop control of the wind power generation system.
The construction principle according to which the above steps are based can be described as follows: the wind turbine can change the running speed thereof under different wind speeds
Figure 796112DEST_PATH_IMAGE053
To make it operate at output power
Figure 861020DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
At the maximum point, this point corresponds to the maximum wind energy utilization factor
Figure 384405DEST_PATH_IMAGE055
Also corresponding to the optimum tip speed ratio
Figure 112452DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
. Corresponding to different wind speeds, a relation curve cluster of power Pm absorbed by the wind turbine and rotating speed w can be obtained, and the following Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control equation can be obtained through mathematical fitting of the optimal point of the curve cluster:
Figure 354077DEST_PATH_IMAGE057
（1）
in the formula
Figure 957097DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
The maximum wind energy utilization coefficient of the wind power generator and the air density, the structural size of the wind wheel
Figure 397306DEST_PATH_IMAGE059
And optimum tip speed ratio
Figure 60368DEST_PATH_IMAGE060
The associated best point fitting constant. When the wind speed of the variable-speed wind turbine generator is lower than the rated wind speed, MPPT control can be realized according to the formula (1), and the maximum power output can be obtained through variable-speed operation; and when the wind speed exceeds the rated wind speed, the maximum wind energy captured is limited to the rated power by the wind turbine variable pitch angle control system. The closed-loop control model shown in fig. 6 sets the reference value of the generated power of the wind power subsystem according to the detected rotation speed of the wind turbine and the power distribution instruction issued by the N-source dc feed-back monitoring system according to the control method
Figure 523711DEST_PATH_IMAGE061
Voltage of channel and DMGB
Figure 431886DEST_PATH_IMAGE062
The phase division is used for obtaining the current provided by the wind turbine generator
Figure 664284DEST_PATH_IMAGE063
Given value of
Figure 763827DEST_PATH_IMAGE064
，
Figure 714466DEST_PATH_IMAGE064
And
Figure 393709DEST_PATH_IMAGE063
the comparison deviation signal is subjected to PI regulation to obtain an output signal representing the transient terminal voltage of the inductor
Figure 808510DEST_PATH_IMAGE065
It is prepared by reacting
Figure 751058DEST_PATH_IMAGE066
Adding to obtain Buck conversion output voltage
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE067
The voltage and the input voltage of the Buck converter
Figure 752774DEST_PATH_IMAGE068
The ratio of the two to obtain the PWM duty ratio
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE069
A control signal. Adjusting power generation output voltage along with MPPT (maximum power point tracking) of wind turbine generator
Figure 501287DEST_PATH_IMAGE070
Is changed, the duty ratio is changed
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE071
Always achieving the purpose of feeding DMGB power and current in accordance with the system setting under the steady state
Figure 832911DEST_PATH_IMAGE072
The requirements of (1).
Example three
In a third embodiment, another control method for an N-source dc feed-supplement microgrid structure provided by the present invention is mentioned, where the third embodiment refers to a corresponding control method when the microgrid is a photovoltaic power generation system. Specifically, when the micro-source is a photovoltaic power generation system, based on the structure of the photovoltaic power generation subsystem shown in fig. 5 and the closed-loop control model shown in fig. 7, the corresponding control method is described as follows:
a closed-loop control model shown in a figure 7 is established according to the photovoltaic power generation electronic system shown in figure 5, wherein the array photovoltaic panel generates output voltage
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE073
Through Boost conversionMake the output voltage
Figure 510143DEST_PATH_IMAGE074
The adjustable inductor L has the double functions of filtering and quasi-current source conversion.
The specific calculation steps can be described as:
step b 1: determining a photovoltaic power generation system operating point voltage command
Figure 763269DEST_PATH_IMAGE075
(ii) a Calculating a photovoltaic power generation system operating point voltage instruction
Figure 784315DEST_PATH_IMAGE075
Output sampling voltage value of photovoltaic power generation system
Figure 111391DEST_PATH_IMAGE076
The comparison deviation is regulated by PI to obtain the given value of the output current of the photovoltaic cell
Figure 192480DEST_PATH_IMAGE077
(ii) a Calculating the given value of the output current of the photovoltaic cell
Figure 605007DEST_PATH_IMAGE077
And the output current detection value of the photovoltaic cell
Figure 208506DEST_PATH_IMAGE078
Comparing the deviation to obtain the given value of the input current of the Boost converter
Figure 390088DEST_PATH_IMAGE079
；
Step b 2: calculating the given value of the output current of the Boost converter
Figure 907658DEST_PATH_IMAGE080
；
Given value of output current of Boost converter
Figure 541901DEST_PATH_IMAGE081
Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure 170329DEST_PATH_IMAGE082
（2）；
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 534314DEST_PATH_IMAGE083
outputting voltage for a Boost converter;
step b 3: calculating the given value of the output current of the photovoltaic power generation system
Figure 160467DEST_PATH_IMAGE084
With the output current supply value of the photovoltaic power generation system
Figure 845789DEST_PATH_IMAGE085
The comparison deviation is regulated by PI to obtain the transient terminal voltage of the inductor
Figure 215590DEST_PATH_IMAGE086
；
Step b 4: transient terminal voltage of inductor
Figure 699661DEST_PATH_IMAGE086
And DMGB voltage
Figure 496716DEST_PATH_IMAGE087
Adding to obtain the output voltage provided value of Boost converter
Figure 902289DEST_PATH_IMAGE088
；
Calculating to obtain a duty ratio control signal of the Boost converter by using a Boost conversion ratio relational expression of the Boost converter
Figure 810203DEST_PATH_IMAGE089
(ii) a Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 883201DEST_PATH_IMAGE089
satisfies the following conditions:
Figure 851157DEST_PATH_IMAGE090
（3）；
duty ratio control signal of Boost converter
Figure 511071DEST_PATH_IMAGE091
The control signal is the control signal required by the closed-loop control of the photovoltaic power generation subsystem.
The construction principle according to which the above steps are based can be described as follows: the closed-loop control model shown in fig. 7 includes two PI controllers for respectively controlling the output voltage of the photovoltaic cell
Figure 284992DEST_PATH_IMAGE092
And the output current is converted by Boost
Figure 150179DEST_PATH_IMAGE093
Two state variables, two controllers in cascade coordinated control, on the one hand by optimal regulation
Figure 351354DEST_PATH_IMAGE094
The aim of MPPT control of photovoltaic power generation is fulfilled; on the other hand, the photovoltaic power generation output power and voltage are controlled along with the MPPT control of the photovoltaic generator set
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE095
Tracking the variation process and adjusting Boost conversion PWM duty ratio
Figure 997099DEST_PATH_IMAGE096
The feed-in DMGB power and current can always meet the requirements set by the system under the steady state.
The system cascade closed-loop control process comprises the following steps: the system obtains a voltage instruction of a photovoltaic cell working point through an MPPT control algorithm (such as an interference observation method) according to the detected output voltage and current of the photovoltaic panel
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE097
Then, howeverThen will
Figure 76175DEST_PATH_IMAGE097
Sampling value of output voltage of photovoltaic panel
Figure 795870DEST_PATH_IMAGE098
Subtracting (comparing), and obtaining an output signal representing the given current value output by the photovoltaic panel through PI regulation of the deviation signal
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE099
It is prepared by reacting
Figure 230262DEST_PATH_IMAGE100
Comparing to obtain input current given signal of Boost converter
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE101
The current is equal to
Figure 363303DEST_PATH_IMAGE102
Multiplying to obtain converter input power, and obtaining current set value output by the photovoltaic subsystem according to the input and output power balance relation of the converter
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE103
：
Figure 980491DEST_PATH_IMAGE104
（2）；
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE105
And
Figure 882588DEST_PATH_IMAGE106
similarly comparing output signals obtained by PI regulation of the deviation signals and representing transient terminal voltage of the inductor
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE107
It is prepared by reacting
Figure 425565DEST_PATH_IMAGE108
Adding to obtain Boost conversion output voltage
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE109
And obtaining by using a Boost conversion ratio relation of Boost:
Figure 45902DEST_PATH_IMAGE110
（3）；
namely the PWM duty ratio
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE111
A control signal.
According to the control steps provided by the control method, the duty ratio control signal of the Boost converter
Figure 201202DEST_PATH_IMAGE111
Under the steady state condition, the power and the current fed into the direct current bus by the photovoltaic power generation system micro source can always meet the requirements set by the system.
The invention provides an N-source direct-current feed-compensation micro-grid structure and a control method, and particularly the N-source direct-current feed-compensation micro-grid structure comprises a plurality of micro-sources, an N-source direct-current feed-compensation regulation and control unit, a direct-current bus and a plurality of loads; the N-source direct current feeding regulation and control unit is used for feeding electric energy output by the micro sources into a direct current bus with the same voltage level. The N-source direct current feeding and supplementing micro-grid structure with the structural characteristics has the characteristics of simplicity and flexibility in control, low cost, high reliability and the like, and after the technical scheme is implemented, a novel modern oil field direct current micro-grid structure which is flexible, efficient, economical, energy-saving, stable and reliable can be provided for harbor/construction/oil/mine areas and the like.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a little electric wire netting structure is fed to N source direct current which characterized in that, including:
the system comprises N micro sources, N direct current feed compensation regulation units, a direct current micro grid common bus and a plurality of loads; wherein, the N-path micro-source is used for outputting adjustable direct current voltage with the same voltage levelu 1，u 2，u 3……u N-1，u N(ii) a The N-source direct current feeding regulation and control unit is used for converting adjustable direct current voltage output by the micro sources into a controlled quasi current source and feeding the controlled quasi current source into a common bus of the direct current micro grid;
when the micro source is a power frequency power grid, a first conversion circuit and a first control circuit are also configured at the position of the output end of the micro source; the first conversion circuit is composed of a PWM reversible rectifier and a first quasi-current source conversion filter inductor, the first control circuit is composed of a first DSP processor, a first input voltage and current detection unit, a first IGBT drive isolation protection unit and a first output voltage and current detection unit, and the first input voltage and current detection unit, the first IGBT drive isolation protection unit and the first output voltage and current detection unit are all connected with the first DSP processor;
the first input voltage and current detection unit is used for detecting a voltage value and a current value of an alternating current input side of the PWM reversible rectifier; the first output voltage and current detection unit is used for detecting the voltage value and the current value of the direct current output side of the PWM reversible rectifier; the first IGBT driving isolation protection unit is used for driving and isolating and protecting the PWM reversible rectifier;
when the micro source is a wind power generation system, a second conversion circuit and a second control circuit are also configured at the position of the output end of the micro source; the second conversion circuit is composed of a diode rectification unit, a PWM-type Buck converter and a second quasi-current source conversion filter inductor, the second control circuit is composed of a second DSP processor, a speed measurement unit, a second input voltage and current detection unit, a second drive isolation protection unit and a second output voltage and current detection unit, and the speed measurement unit, the second input voltage and current detection unit, the second drive isolation protection unit and the second output voltage and current detection unit are all connected with the second DSP processor;
the speed measuring unit is used for detecting the current rotating speed of a wind wheel blade in the wind power generation system; the second input voltage and current detection unit is used for detecting the voltage value and the current value of the input side of the PWM type Buck converter; the second driving isolation protection unit is used for driving and isolating and protecting the PWM type Buck converter; the second output voltage and current detection unit is used for detecting the voltage value and the current value of the output side of the PWM type Buck converter;
when the micro source is a photovoltaic power generation system, a third conversion circuit and a third control circuit are further configured at the position of the output end of the micro source; the third conversion circuit is composed of a Boost converter and a third quasi-current source conversion filter inductor, the third control circuit is composed of a third DSP processor, a third input voltage and current detection unit, a third driving isolation protection unit and a third output voltage and current detection unit, and the third input voltage and current detection unit, the third driving isolation protection unit and the third output voltage and current detection unit are all connected with the third DSP processor;
the third input voltage and current detection unit is used for detecting the voltage value and the current value of the input side of the Boost converter; the third driving isolation protection unit is used for driving and isolating and protecting the Boost converter; and the third output voltage and current detection unit is used for detecting the voltage value and the current value of the output side of the Boost converter.
2. A control method for an N-source direct current feed-compensation micro-grid structure is characterized by comprising the following steps: when the micro source is a wind power generation system, calculating to obtain a control signal required by a closed-loop control PWM type Buck converter according to the following steps;
step a 1: tracking and determining maximum output power of wind power generation system corresponding to current rotating speed
Figure 688306DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(ii) a The maximum output power of the wind power generation system
Figure 664615DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure 427035DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
（1）；
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 936513DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
the air density, the structural size of a wind wheel in a wind power generation system and the maximum wind energy utilization coefficient
Figure 391765DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
And optimum tip speed ratio
Figure 88326DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
The associated best fit constant;
Figure 654437DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
the current rotating speed of the wind wheel blade in the wind power generation system;
step a 2: the maximum output power of the wind power generation system corresponding to the current rotating speed obtained in the step a1
Figure 752843DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
As power reference value
Figure 378996DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
(ii) a By using
Figure 329897DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
And DMGB voltage
Figure 434119DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
And calculating to obtain the output given current value of the wind power generation system
Figure 652611DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
；
Step a 3: computing
Figure 449665DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
And
Figure 120818DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
the comparison deviation is regulated by PI to obtain the transient terminal voltage of the inductor
Figure 294311DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
(ii) a Transient terminal voltage of inductor
Figure 367309DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
And DMGB voltage
Figure 335265DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
Adding to obtain the output voltage of the PWM Buck converter
Figure 995179DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
；
Step a 4: calculating output voltage of PWM type Buck converter
Figure 441203DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
And PWM type Buck converter input voltage
Figure 899867DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
Obtaining the duty ratio control signal of the PWM type Buck converter
Figure 38724DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
；
Duty ratio control signal of said PWM type Buck converter
Figure 418890DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
The control signal is the control signal required by the closed-loop control of the wind power generation subsystem.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, further comprising: when the micro source is a photovoltaic power generation system, calculating to obtain a control signal required by a closed-loop control Boost converter according to the following steps:
step b 1: determining a photovoltaic power generation system operating point voltage command
Figure 668605DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
(ii) a Calculating a photovoltaic power generation system operating point voltage instruction
Figure 716196DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
Output sampling voltage value of photovoltaic power generation system
Figure 25954DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
The comparison deviation is regulated by PI to obtain the given value of the output current of the photovoltaic cell
Figure 648742DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
(ii) a Calculating the given value of the output current of the photovoltaic cell
Figure 702148DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
And the output current detection value of the photovoltaic cell
Figure 604245DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
Comparing the deviation to obtain the given value of the input current of the Boost converter
Figure 84905DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
；
Step b 2: calculating the given value of the output current of the Boost converter
Figure 439663DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
；
The Boost converter outputs a given value of current
Figure 296761DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure 53364DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
（2）；
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
outputting voltage for a Boost converter;
step b 3: calculating the given value of the output current of the photovoltaic power generation system
Figure 268707DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
With the output current supply value of the photovoltaic power generation system
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
The comparison deviation is regulated by PI to obtain the transient terminal voltage of the inductor
Figure 641919DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
；
Step b 4: transient terminal voltage of inductor
Figure 833866DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
And DMGB voltage
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
Adding to obtain the output voltage provided value of Boost converter
Figure 444976DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
；
Calculating to obtain a duty ratio control signal of the Boost converter by using a Boost conversion ratio relational expression of the Boost converter
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
(ii) a Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 96800DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
satisfies the following conditions:
Figure 363833DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
（3）；
duty ratio control signal of Boost converter
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
The control signal is the control signal required by the closed-loop control of the photovoltaic power generation subsystem.
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