CN112635539B - Display panel and display module - Google Patents
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- CN112635539B CN112635539B CN202110007204.8A CN202110007204A CN112635539B CN 112635539 B CN112635539 B CN 112635539B CN 202110007204 A CN202110007204 A CN 202110007204A CN 112635539 B CN112635539 B CN 112635539B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/868—Arrangements for polarized light emission
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
- H10K50/856—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising reflective means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/50—OLEDs integrated with light modulating elements, e.g. with electrochromic elements, photochromic elements or liquid crystal elements
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a display panel and a display module. The display panel of this application embodiment has first display area and second display area, and the light transmissivity in second display area is greater than the light transmissivity in first display area, and display panel includes: a display substrate; the polarized light structure layer is arranged on the light-emitting surface of the display substrate; the directional arrangement module is arranged on one side, back to the polarized light structure layer, of the display substrate in the second display area, and has a first optical rotation state and a second optical rotation state, and light rays incident into the display substrate from the polarized light structure layer in the first optical rotation state are blocked by the directional arrangement module; in the second optical rotation state, the light rays entering the display substrate from the polarization structure layer in the second display area are emitted from one side of the display panel back to the light-emitting surface through the directional arrangement module. Do benefit to the application of function module under the screen, uneven problem of luminance when avoiding appearing display panel to show simultaneously, reinforcing user experience.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of display, in particular to a display panel and a display module.
Background
With the rapid development of electronic devices, the requirements of users on screen occupation ratio are higher and higher, so that the comprehensive screen display of the electronic devices is concerned more and more in the industry.
Flat Display modules, such as Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) modules and Display modules using LED devices, have the advantages of high image quality, power saving, thin body, and wide application range, and are widely used in various consumer electronic products, such as mobile phones, televisions, personal digital assistants, digital cameras, notebook computers, and desktop computers, and become the mainstream Display modules in the Display field.
However, the function modules under the screen need to be arranged for realizing comprehensive screen display, and the functions of camera shooting, fingerprint identification and the like are realized. Generally, the area of the corresponding function module under the screen that sets up of display panel needs to be holed or the area that the formation light transmissivity is bigger to guarantee the sensitization and the application process of function module under the screen. However, the opening in the display panel is provided with the off-screen functional module or the area with higher light transmittance is formed corresponding to the off-screen functional module, which causes the problems of uneven brightness and poor display quality of the display panel.
Therefore, a new display panel and a display module are urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a display panel and a display module. The first aspect of the embodiment of the application provides a display panel, does benefit to the application of function module under the screen, uneven problem of luminance when avoiding appearing display panel simultaneously, reinforcing user experience.
The first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a display panel, which has a first display area and a second display area, wherein the light transmittance of the second display area is greater than the light transmittance of the first display area, and the display panel includes:
a display substrate;
the polarized light structure layer is arranged on the light-emitting surface of the display substrate;
an orientation arrangement module disposed on the back side of the display substrate opposite to the polarization structure layer in the second display region and having a first optical rotation state and a second optical rotation state,
in the first optical rotation state, the light incident to the display substrate from the polarizing structure layer is blocked by the directional arrangement module;
in the second optical rotation state, the light rays entering the display substrate from the polarization structure layer in the second display area are emitted from one side of the display panel back to the light-emitting surface through the directional arrangement module.
In one possible implementation of the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application,
the directional arrangement module comprises a polarization adjusting structure capable of changing the directional arrangement direction under the action of an electromagnetic field;
preferably, the polarization modifying structure comprises liquid crystal molecules.
In one possible implementation of the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, the electromagnetic field includes any one of an electric field, a magnetic field, and a mixed field of the electric field and the magnetic field.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the directional arrangement module includes a polarization adjustment layer and a first phase retardation layer disposed on a side of the polarization adjustment layer facing the polarization structure layer, and the polarization adjustment layer has a polarization adjustment structure.
In one possible implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the polarization structure layer includes a linear polarizer and a second phase retardation layer, which are stacked and disposed close to the display substrate.
In one possible implementation of the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, in the first optical rotation state, the polarization adjustment layer and the linear polarizer have the same polarization direction;
and the first phase retardation layer and the second phase retardation layer are both quarter-wave plates.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the display substrate includes an array substrate, a light emitting device layer, and a buffer layer, where the buffer layer is disposed on a side of the array substrate facing away from the light emitting device layer, and a light-transmitting portion is formed on a portion of the buffer layer located in the second display region.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the light-transmitting portion is a through hole, and the directional arrangement module is disposed in the through hole;
preferably, the light-transmitting portion is filled with a light-transmitting material, and the directional arrangement module is disposed corresponding to the light-transmitting portion and located on a side of the buffer layer opposite to the array substrate.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the display panel further includes a light absorption structure, and the light absorption structure is filled in a gap formed by the periphery of the directional arrangement module and the through hole.
A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a display module, including:
a display panel which is the display panel of the first aspect of the present application;
the under-screen functional module is arranged on one side, back to the light-emitting device layer, of the directional arrangement module and corresponds to the directional arrangement module;
preferably, in the first optical rotation state, the display substrate passes through the directional arrangement module to enter the light of the functional module under the screen, and after the light is reflected by the functional module under the screen, the light passes through the directional arrangement module to enter the polarized light structure layer and is blocked by the polarized light structure layer.
The display module assembly that this application embodiment second aspect provided, uneven problem of luminance when having avoided the display module assembly to show has guaranteed simultaneously that the function module is under the screen quality of sensing in working, does benefit to the application of function module under the screen, and reinforcing user experience feels.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading of the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which like or similar reference characters refer to like or similar parts and which are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a partial layer structure of a display panel according to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial layer structure of a display module according to a second aspect of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a light propagation path of a display module in a first optical rotation state of an alignment module in a display module according to a second aspect of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating another optical propagation path when the alignment module of the display module is in the first optical rotation state according to the second aspect of the embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a light propagation path when the alignment module of the display module is in a second optical rotation state according to a second aspect of the embodiment of the present disclosure;
in the figure:
a first display area-AA 1; a second display area-AA 2;
a display panel-1; a protective cover plate-11; adhesive layer-12; a polarizing structure layer-13; a polarizing plate-131;
a second phase retardation layer-132; adhesive layer-14; a display substrate-15; light-emitting device layer-151; array base
A plate-152; a buffer layer-153; through-hole-1531; an orientation arrangement module-16; a first phase retardation layer-161;
a polarization-adjusting layer-162; light absorbing structure-17
A display module-2; an off-screen function module-21;
l0-natural light; l1 — first linearly polarized light; l2-second linearly polarized light; c1 — first circularly polarized light;
c2 — second circularly polarized light;
a-first polarization direction.
Detailed Description
Features of various aspects and exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, and in order to make objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention by illustrating examples of the present invention.
It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
It will be understood that when a layer, region or layer is referred to as being "on" or "over" another layer, region or layer in describing the structure of the component, it can be directly on the other layer, region or layer or intervening layers or regions may also be present. Also, if the component is turned over, one layer or region may be "under" or "beneath" another layer or region.
While the invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, these embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
The inventor finds that the full-screen display becomes a new hot spot for the development and application of the display panel field in long-term research. When the display panel realizes full-screen display, functional modules for realizing technologies such as camera shooting or fingerprint identification need to be integrated under the screen, and the functional modules can be generally called as under-screen functional modules. In order to set the function module under the screen, a hole needs to be punched in a certain layer or laminated layers in the laminated structure of the display panel, and the function module under the screen is arranged in the hole. A typical display panel includes a stacked structure including an array substrate, a light emitting device layer, and an encapsulation layer. However, the inventor has found that, since the display panel has the display regions with different transmittances when the display panel has the holes, the display regions with different transmittances of the display panel are not uniformly illuminated by light, and the illumination applied to the display panel can be ambient light incident on the display panel and/or self-luminescence in the light-emitting device layer of the display panel. The inventor further found that the display area with different transmittance of the display panel is not uniformly illuminated, in some examples, because the ambient light incident on the display panel and/or the self-luminescence in the light emitting device layer of the display panel enters the hole where the under-screen functional module is located, and is reflected in the under-screen functional module and exits the display panel. The above phenomena cannot occur in other display areas of the display panel, which finally causes the problems of uneven brightness and poor display quality of the display panel during display, and affects the experience of customers and the overall display effect of the display panel.
In view of this, a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a display panel. Referring to fig. 1, the display panel of the first aspect of the present disclosure has a first display area AA1 and a second display area AA2, the light transmittance of the second display area AA2 is greater than the light transmittance of the first display area AA1, and the display panel includes a display substrate 15, a polarization structure layer 13, and an alignment module 16. The polarization structure layer 13 is disposed on the light-emitting surface of the display substrate 15, the directional arrangement module 16 is disposed in the second display area AA2 and on a side of the display substrate 15 opposite to the polarization structure layer 13, and the directional arrangement module 16 has a first optical rotation state and a second optical rotation state.
In the first optical rotation state of the alignment module 16, the light incident on the display substrate 15 from the polarization structure layer 13 is blocked by the alignment module 16.
In the second display area AA2, the light incident on the display substrate 15 from the polarizing structure layer 13 passes through the directional arrangement module 16 and exits from the side of the display panel opposite to the light exit surface in the second optical rotation state of the directional arrangement module 16.
In some alternative embodiments, the light incident on the display substrate 15 from the polarizing structure layer 13 refers to the light incident on the display substrate 15 from the external environment of the display panel through the polarizing structure layer 13, and the light is natural light. It is understood that natural light, also called natural light, does not directly exhibit polarization phenomena, and that natural light includes all possible vibration directions perpendicular to the propagation direction of light waves, and therefore does not exhibit polarization. In these alternative embodiments, when the display panel performs full-screen display and the off-screen functional module does not operate, the corresponding directional arrangement module 16 has the first optical rotation state. In the first optical rotation state, the light incident on the display substrate 15 from the polarization structure layer 13 is blocked by the directional arrangement module 16, so that the light propagating in the display panel in the direction away from the light exit direction of the display panel is terminated by the directional arrangement module 16, and does not continue propagating in the direction away from the light exit direction of the display panel. Then the light that incides display panel from external environment will not incide under the screen function module more can not take place the reflection at function module department under the screen to uneven problem of luminance when avoiding display panel to show.
In some alternative embodiments, the underscreen functional module in the applied state generally corresponds to the directionally aligned module 16 having the second optical rotation state. Under the second optical rotation state of the directional arrangement module 16, the light entering the display substrate 15 from the polarizing structure layer 13 in the second display area AA2 is emitted from one side of the light-emitting surface of the display panel through the directional arrangement module 16, so that the functional module under the screen can smoothly obtain the light entering the display panel from the external environment, the quality of the photosensitive process is ensured, the application of the functional module under the screen is facilitated, and the performance of the functional module under the screen can be better exerted.
The display panel of this application first aspect wherein is provided with directional arrangement module 16, and directional arrangement module 16 has first optical rotation state and second optical rotation state, can avoid display panel uneven problem of luminance when showing, improves display panel's display quality, guarantees simultaneously to set up under the screen that function module has high-quality sensitization process in using, does benefit to the application of function module under the screen, and reinforcing user experience feels.
In some alternative embodiments, the display panel has one or more second display regions.
In other alternative embodiments, the first display region of the display panel is disposed around the first display region.
In some optional embodiments, an adhesive layer is disposed between the display substrate and the polarization structure layer, and the connection is achieved through the adhesive layer.
In some optional embodiments, the display panel further includes a protective cover plate, the protective cover plate is disposed on a side of the polarization structure layer opposite to the light exit surface of the display substrate, and an adhesive layer is disposed between the protective cover plate and the polarization structure layer. In some examples, the protective cover of the display panel may be made of a material such as a thermoplastic Polyester (PET), a Polyimide resin (PI), and the like. In some examples, the Adhesive layer may be prepared using an Optical Clear Adhesive (OCA) or an Optical Clear Resin (OCR).
In some optional embodiments, the directional arrangement module comprises a polarization adjustment structure capable of changing the directional arrangement direction under the action of an electromagnetic field. In some alternative embodiments, the electromagnetic field comprises any one of an electromagnetic field, a mixed field of an electric field and a magnetic field. In some examples, the polarization adjustment structure is configured to change the orientation of the polarization adjustment structure under the action of the electromagnetic field, thereby changing the polarization of light by the polarization adjustment structure. In some alternative embodiments, the polarization modifying structure comprises liquid crystal molecules.
In some embodiments, the alignment module includes a polarization adjustment layer and a first phase retardation layer disposed on a side of the polarization adjustment layer facing the polarization structure layer, and the polarization adjustment layer has a polarization adjustment structure.
In some examples, the polarization adjusting layer of the alignment module is filled with liquid crystal molecules, and an electromagnetic field is applied to the polarization adjusting layer and the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in a predetermined direction under the action of the electromagnetic field, so that the polarization adjusting layer has a polarization effect equivalent to that of a linear polarizer and has a first polarization direction. The electromagnetic field effect is removed from the polarization adjusting layer, and liquid crystal molecules are randomly scattered in the polarization adjusting layer, so that the polarization adjusting structure does not have the polarization effect, and the polarization direction is not provided. After the electromagnetic field action is removed from the polarization adjusting layer, the polarization adjusting structure is equivalent to a common light-transmitting structure body which does not change the polarization direction of transmitted light.
In some alternative embodiments, the polarization structure layer includes a linear polarizer and a second phase retardation layer disposed in a stack, the second phase retardation layer being disposed adjacent to the display substrate.
In some alternative embodiments, in the first optical rotation state of the display panel, the polarization adjustment structure has the same polarization direction as the linear polarizer;
and the first phase retardation layer and the second phase retardation layer are both quarter-wave plates.
In some optional embodiments, the display substrate in the display panel includes an array substrate, a light emitting device layer, and a buffer layer, the buffer layer is disposed on a side of the array substrate facing away from the light emitting device layer, and a light-transmitting portion is formed on a portion of the buffer layer located in the second display region.
In some embodiments, the display panel is a flexible display panel, and the buffer layer is arranged to absorb shock of the whole display panel and facilitate folding or bending so as to release the stress to damage the flexible display panel. In some examples, the buffer layer is a multi-layer structure and can be made of foam, copper foil, PI, and other materials. In some examples, since the display panel is a flexible display panel, a support structure is required to be disposed between the buffer layer and the array substrate to support the array substrate and the light emitting device layer. The support structure can be made of PET, PI and other materials. In these embodiments, a portion of the buffer layer located in the second display region is formed with a light-transmitting portion having higher light transmittance than a portion of the buffer layer located in the first display region.
In some optional embodiments, the light-transmitting portion is a through hole, and the directional arrangement module is disposed in the through hole.
In other optional embodiments, the light-transmitting portion is filled with a light-transmitting material, and the directional arrangement module is disposed corresponding to the light-transmitting portion and on a side of the buffer layer opposite to the array substrate.
In further research, the inventors found that when the light-transmitting portion is a through hole, a gap for light leakage is formed between the periphery of the directional arrangement module and the through hole in order to prevent the directional arrangement module from not completely covering the through hole region. In some examples, the off-screen functional module is disposed on a side of the directional arrangement module facing away from the light emitting device layer, and is disposed corresponding to the directional arrangement module. The light incides functional module under the screen from the common clearance that forms of directional arrangement module periphery and through-hole to functional module takes place after the reflection, outgoing display panel under the screen, still can cause display panel luminance uneven problem. And when the display substrate is self-luminous and enters the functional module under the screen from the clearance formed by the periphery of the directional arrangement module and the through hole, the normal photosensitive process of the functional module under the screen can be interfered, and the application of the functional module under the screen is not facilitated. Therefore, in some alternative embodiments, the display panel further includes a light absorbing structure, and the light absorbing structure is filled in a gap formed by the periphery of the alignment module and the through hole.
A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a display module having the display panel of the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application. The display module is also provided with a lower screen functional module which is arranged on one side of the directional arrangement module back to the light-emitting device layer and corresponds to the directional arrangement module. In some examples, when the light-transmitting portion of the display panel is a through hole, the under-screen functional module is also disposed in the through hole. In some optional embodiments, the off-screen function module includes at least one of a camera function module, a fingerprint recognition module, or an infrared sensor module.
In some optional embodiments, when the alignment module is in the first optical rotation state, light incident from the display substrate to the functional module under the screen through the alignment module is reflected by the functional module under the screen, enters the polarization structure layer through the alignment module, and is blocked by the polarization structure layer. It is understood that, in some embodiments, the light incident on the functional module under the screen from the display substrate through the directional arrangement module is light emitted from the light emitting device layer during self-illumination, and the light is natural light and does not directly show polarization phenomenon. The directional arrangement module can enable self-luminous light rays of the light-emitting device layer to be reflected at the functional module under the screen and then finally blocked by the polarized light structure layer without being emitted out of the display panel, and the problem of uneven display brightness of the display panel is further avoided.
To better illustrate the technical effects of the embodiments of the present application, an embodiment of a display module in the second aspect of the embodiments of the present application is provided below, where the display module includes the display panel in the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application.
Referring to fig. 2, the display module 2 in this example includes a display panel 1 and an off-screen function module 21. The display panel 1 has a first display region and a second display region, and the light transmittance of the second display region is greater than that of the first display region. The display panel 1 is provided with a protective cover 11, an adhesive layer 12, a polarizing structure layer 13, an adhesive layer 14, and a display substrate 15, which are stacked in this order in the direction in which external ambient light enters the display panel 1. Wherein the adhesive layer 12 is used for adhering the protective cover plate 11 and the polarization structure layer 13. The polarizing structure layer 13 and the display substrate 15 are bonded by an adhesive layer 14. The polarizing structure layer 13 is provided with a polarizing plate 131 and a second phase retardation layer 132 in the external ambient light incident direction, wherein the second phase retardation layer 132 is disposed closer to the display substrate 15 than the polarizing plate 131, and the polarizing plate 131 has a first polarization direction a. The display substrate 15 is sequentially provided with a light emitting device layer 151, an array substrate 152, and a buffer layer 153 in a direction in which external ambient light is incident on the display panel 1.
The display panel 1 is a flexible display panel 1, and a supporting structure is disposed between the buffer layer 153 and the array substrate 152 to support the array substrate 152 and the light emitting device layer 151. The support structure can be made of PET, PI and other materials. The supporting structure can particularly support the thin film transistors arranged in an array in the array substrate 152, and also can separate the array substrate 152 from the buffer layer 153, so that the array substrate 152 is prevented from being damaged in the preparation of the display panel 1 and the subsequent use of the display panel 1. Wherein the support structure is not shown in the figures. In some examples, the light emitting device layer 151 includes a plurality of light emitting pixels arrayed on the array substrate 152, and the light emitting pixels are sequentially stacked with an anode layer, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a compensation layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, and a cathode layer along the light emitting direction of the display substrate 15. The buffer layer 153 has a through hole 1531 at a portion of the second display region, the alignment module 1616 and the off-screen function module 21 are stacked in the through hole 1531, and the alignment module 1616 is disposed closer to the array substrate 152 than the off-screen function module 21. The display panel 1 further includes a light absorbing structure 17, wherein the light absorbing structure 17 is filled in a gap formed by the periphery of the alignment module 1616 and the through hole 1531.
The alignment module 1616 includes a polarization adjustment layer 162 and a first phase retardation layer 161 disposed on a side of the polarization adjustment layer 162 facing the polarization structure layer 13, and the polarization adjustment layer 162 has a polarization adjustment structure. The polarization modifying structure includes liquid crystal molecules. The liquid crystal molecules are aligned by applying an electromagnetic field to the liquid crystal molecules, the polarization adjusting layer 162 corresponds to the linear polarizer 131, and has a polarization function, and the polarization adjusting layer 162 has the same first polarization direction a as the polarizer 131 in the polarization structure layer 13. The first phase retardation layer 161 and the second phase retardation layer 132 are quarter-wave plates.
In one example, as shown in fig. 3, the polarizer 131 of the polarization structure layer 13 has a first polarization direction a in two and four quadrants. When the display module 2 performs a display operation, an electromagnetic field is applied to the polarization adjustment layer 162 in the alignment module 1616, so that the polarization adjustment structure performs an alignment, the polarization adjustment structure serving as the polarizer 131 also has the first polarization direction a, and the alignment module 1616 is in the first optical rotation state. It is understood that light waves are electromagnetic waves and that all vibration directions of light are perpendicular to the direction of light propagation. A plane perpendicular to the light propagation direction is divided into four quadrants by adopting mutually perpendicular X-axis and Y-axis, and each vibration direction corresponds to one quadrant.
Natural light L0 incident on the display panel 1 from the external environment passes through the polarizer 131 of the polarizing structure layer 13 to exit the polarizer as first linearly polarized light L1. The polarization direction of the first linearly polarized light L1 is also in the second quadrant and the fourth quadrant. The first linearly polarized light L1 is incident on the second phase retardation layer 132, and the second phase retardation layer 132 is a quarter-wave plate. An included angle between the optical axis direction of the second phase retardation layer 132 and the polarization direction of the first linearly polarized light L1 is pi/4, the first linearly polarized light L1 passes through the second phase retardation layer 132 and becomes first circularly polarized light C1, and the first circularly polarized light C1 is left circularly polarized light. The first linearly polarized light L1 is incident on the second phase retardation layer, and it is understood that the optical electric fields of any one of the natural light L0, the polarized light and the partially polarized light can be respectively superimposed by two light vectors in the vertical direction. Light is incident to the phase delay layer and then is decomposed into o light and e light, wherein the o light is normal light (diffraction wave) and is transmitted according to the refraction law; whereas e-light (extndainary) is very light and propagates without satisfying the law of refraction. The plane formed by the propagation direction of light and the optical axis is the main plane, the o light vibration direction is vertical to the main plane, namely the o light is vertical to the optical axis, and the e light is parallel to the optical axis. The following E o Expression for the vibration vector of o light, E e Is a vibration vector expression of e light, A o Represents the amplitude of o light, A e Representing the amplitude of e-light, ω the angular frequency of the light, and t the time.
The following is an expression of vibration vectors of the first linearly polarized light L1 when it enters the second phase retardation layer 132 and is decomposed into o light and e light.
E e ＝A e cosωt
E o ＝A o cos(ωt-π/2)
＝A o sinωt
The first circularly polarized light C1 enters the first phase retardation layer 161 in the directional arrangement module 1616, and the first phase retardation layer 161 is also a quarter-wave plate, so the first circularly polarized light C1 passes through the first phase retardation layer 161 and then becomes the second linearly polarized light L2, which exits the first phase retardation layer 161, and the second linearly polarized light L2 has the second polarization direction, and the second polarization direction is in the first and third quadrants.
The following is an expression of vibration vectors of the o light and the o light when the first circularly polarized light C1 is incident on the first phase retardation layer 161 and then decomposed into the o light and the e light.
E e ＝A e cos(ωt)
E o ＝A o cos(ωt-π/2+π/2)
＝A o cos(ωt)
Since the second polarization direction is perpendicular to the first polarization direction a, the second linearly polarized light L2 cannot pass through the polarization adjustment layer 162 of the directional arrangement module 1616, so that the light incident on the display substrate 15 from the polarization structure layer 13 is blocked by the directional arrangement module 1616 in the first optical rotation state of the directional arrangement module 1616. At this time, the natural light L0 incident on the display panel 1 from the external environment will not be reflected by the off-screen function module 21 and will not be reflected out of the display panel 1 naturally, thereby avoiding the problem of uneven brightness when the display panel 1 displays.
As shown in fig. 4, when the display panel 1 is in a display light emitting state, the alignment module 1616 is in a first optical rotation state, and light rays emitted from the display substrate 15 in the display panel 1 (the light rays emitted from the display substrate 15 are natural light L0) enter the first phase retardation layer 161 of the alignment module 1616 and then exit the first phase retardation layer 161 as natural light L0. The natural light L0 exiting the first phase retardation layer 161 continuously enters the polarization adjustment layer 162, and enters the functional module 21 under the screen as the first linearly polarized light L1 after the polarization state of the natural light L0 is changed by the polarization adjustment layer 162. The first linearly polarized light L1 entering the sub-screen functional module 21 is still the first linearly polarized light L1 after being reflected by the sub-screen functional module 21, and the first linearly polarized light L1 after being reflected by the sub-screen functional module 21 enters the polarization adjustment layer 162, and because the polarization adjustment layer 162 has the first polarization direction a, the first linearly polarized light L1 entering the polarization adjustment layer 162 still exits as the first linearly polarized light L1 after passing through the polarization adjustment layer 162, and enters the first phase retardation layer 161. The following are expressions of vibration vectors of o light and o light when the first linearly polarized light L1 is incident on the first phase retardation layer 161 and then decomposed into o light and e light.
E e ＝A e cosωt
E o ＝A o cos(ωt-π/2)
＝A o sinωt
The first linearly polarized light L1 incident on the first phase retardation layer 161 is incident on the display substrate 15 as first circularly polarized light C1 via the first phase retardation layer 161, wherein the first circularly polarized light C1 is left circularly polarized light.
The first circularly polarized light C1 still exits the display substrate 15 as the first circularly polarized light C1 through the display substrate 15 and enters the second phase retardation layer 132. The following is an expression of vibration vectors of the o light and the o light when the first circularly polarized light C1 is incident on the second phase retardation layer 132 and then decomposed into the o light and the e light.
E e ＝A e cos(ωt)
E o ＝A o cos(ωt-π/2+π/2)
＝A o cos(ωt)
The first circularly polarized light C1 incident on the second phase retardation layer 132 is incident on the linearly polarizing plate 131 as second linearly polarized light L2 via the second phase retardation layer 132.
Since the polarization direction of the second linearly polarized light L2 is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the linear polarizer 131, the second linearly polarized light L2 is blocked by the polarization structure layer 13, and cannot exit from the linear polarizer 131 nor continue to exit the display panel 1. That is, in the first optical rotation state of the directional arrangement module 1616, the light rays incident to the off-screen functional module 21 from the display substrate 15 through the directional arrangement module 1616 are reflected by the off-screen functional module 21, pass through the directional arrangement module 1616, enter the polarization structure layer 13, and are blocked by the polarization structure layer 13. Therefore, the self-luminous light of the display substrate 15 cannot be emitted out of the display panel 1 after being reflected by the off-screen functional module 21, and the problem of uneven brightness of the display panel 1 in the display process is further solved.
As shown in fig. 5, when the off-screen function module 21 works, the directional arrangement module 1616 is in a second optical rotation state, and the polarization adjusting layer 162 has no polarization function and is a light-transmitting structure. Ambient light (natural light L0) incident from the outside of the display module 2 enters the second phase retardation layer 132 as first polarized light via the linearly polarizing plate 131 of the polarizing structure layer 13. The following is an expression of vibration vectors of the light of the first polarization, which is incident on the second phase retardation layer 132, when the light is decomposed into the light of o and the light of e.
E e ＝A e cosωt
E o ＝A o cos(ωt-π/2)
＝A o sinωt
The first linearly polarized light L1 incident on the second phase retardation layer 132 is incident on the first phase retardation layer 161 of the directional arrangement module 1616 as the first circularly polarized light C1 via the second phase retardation layer 132. The following is an expression of vibration vectors of o light and o light when the first circularly polarized light C1 enters the first phase retardation layer 161 and is decomposed into o light and e light.
E e ＝A e cos(ωt)
E o ＝A o cos(ωt-π/2+π/2)
＝A o cos(ωt)
The first circularly polarized light C1 changes its polarization state through the first phase retardation layer 161, exits the first phase retardation layer 161 as the second linearly polarized light L2, and enters the polarization adjustment layer 162.
The second linearly polarized light L2 entering the polarization adjustment layer 162 passes through the polarization adjustment layer 162, and then the polarization state is not changed, and the second linearly polarized light L2 still exits the polarization adjustment layer 162, and the second linearly polarized light L2 exiting the polarization adjustment layer 162 enters the functional module 21 under the screen. So far, function module 21 is under the screen perception display module assembly 2 outside ambient light that the during operation can be smooth, guarantees going on smoothly of sensitization process, does benefit to function module 21's under the screen application.
After the second linearly polarized light L2 entering the sub-screen functional module 21 is reflected at the sub-screen functional module 21, the second linearly polarized light L2 still enters the polarization adjustment layer 162, the polarization direction of the second linearly polarized light L2 is not changed by the polarization adjustment layer 162, and the second linearly polarized light L2 continuously exits the polarization adjustment layer 162 and enters the first phase retardation layer 161. The following is an expression of vibration vectors of o light and o light when the second linearly polarized light L2 is decomposed into the o light and the e light after being incident on the first phase retardation layer 161.
E e ＝A e cos(ωt)
E o ＝A o cos(ωt+π/2)
The second linearly polarized light L2 changes its polarization state through the first phase retardation layer 161, and exits the first phase retardation layer 161 as second circularly polarized light C2.
The second circularly polarized light C2 exiting the first phase retardation layer 161 enters the second phase retardation layer 132, and the second circularly polarized light C2 changes its polarization state through the second phase retardation layer 132, and exits the second phase retardation layer 132 as the first linearly polarized light L1. The following is an expression of vibration vectors of the second circularly polarized light C2 when it enters the second phase retardation layer 132 and is decomposed into o light and e light.
E e ＝A e cos(ωt)
E o ＝A o cos(ωt+π/2+π/2)
＝-A o cos(ωt)
The first linearly polarized light L1 exiting the second phase retardation layer 132 enters the polarizer 131, and since the polarization directions of the first linearly polarized light L1 and the polarizer 131 are the same, the first linearly polarized light L1 entering the polarizer 131 exits the polarizer 131 as the first linearly polarized light L1.
Ensure to make a video recording and fingerprint identification module can high-quality discernment ambient light, realize the sensitization process, promote the application performance of function module 21 under the screen.
In accordance with the above-described embodiments of the present invention, these embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (11)
1. A display panel having a first display region and a second display region, the second display region having a light transmittance greater than that of the first display region, the display panel comprising:
a display substrate;
the polarized light structure layer is arranged on the light-emitting surface of the display substrate;
the directional arrangement module is arranged on one side, back to the polarized light structure layer, of the display substrate in the second display area and comprises a polarization adjusting layer and a first phase delay layer arranged on one side, facing the polarized light structure layer, of the polarization adjusting layer, the polarization adjusting layer is provided with a polarization adjusting structure capable of changing the directional arrangement direction under the action of an electromagnetic field, and the directional arrangement module is provided with a first optical rotation state and a second optical rotation state,
in the first optical rotation state, the light rays incident to the display substrate from the polarization structure layer are blocked by the directional arrangement module;
and in the second optical rotation state, the light rays which are incident to the display substrate from the polarization structure layer in the second display area are emitted from one side of the display panel back to the light emitting surface through the directional arrangement module.
2. The display panel of claim 1, wherein the polarization modifying structures comprise liquid crystal molecules.
3. The display panel according to claim 1,
the electromagnetic field includes any one of an electric field, a magnetic field, and a mixed field of the electric field and the magnetic field.
4. The display panel according to claim 1,
the polarization structure layer comprises a linear polarizer and a second phase retardation layer which are arranged in a laminated mode, and the second phase retardation layer is arranged close to the display substrate.
5. The display panel according to claim 4,
in the first optical rotation state, the polarization adjusting layer and the linear polarizer have the same polarization direction;
and the first phase retardation layer and the second phase retardation layer are both quarter-wave plates.
6. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the display substrate comprises an array substrate, a light emitting device layer, and a buffer layer, the buffer layer is disposed on a side of the array substrate facing away from the light emitting device layer, and a portion of the buffer layer located in the second display region is formed with a light-transmitting portion.
7. The display panel of claim 6, wherein the light-transmissive portion is a through hole, and the alignment module is disposed in the through hole.
8. The display panel of claim 6, wherein the light-transmissive portion is filled with a light-transmissive material, and the alignment module is disposed corresponding to the light-transmissive portion and on a side of the buffer layer opposite to the array substrate.
9. The display panel of claim 7, further comprising a light absorbing structure filled in a gap formed by the periphery of the directional arrangement module and the through hole.
10. A display module, comprising:
a display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 9;
and the lower screen functional module is arranged on one side of the directional arrangement module back to the light-emitting device layer and corresponds to the directional arrangement module.
11. The display module of claim 10, wherein in the first optical rotation state, light incident on the off-screen functional module from the display substrate through the directional arrangement module is reflected by the off-screen functional module, incident on the polarization structure layer through the directional arrangement module, and blocked by the polarization structure layer.
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| CN110989248A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-10 | 昆山国显光电有限公司 | Display module, display device and manufacturing method of display module |
| CN111312768A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-06-19 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display substrate, preparation method thereof and display panel |
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| CN110989248A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-10 | 昆山国显光电有限公司 | Display module, display device and manufacturing method of display module |
| CN111312768A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-06-19 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display substrate, preparation method thereof and display panel |
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