CN112634915A - Software-implementable digital companding method for CVSD coding, digital voice communication device, computer program and medium - Google Patents
Software-implementable digital companding method for CVSD coding, digital voice communication device, computer program and medium Download PDFInfo
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- G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
- G10L19/04—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis using predictive techniques
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- G10L25/00—Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00
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Abstract
The invention provides a digital companding method for CVSD (composite video digital) codes, which can be realized by software and comprises the following processes: step 1, designing a circular queue, and inserting voice data into the tail of the circular queue; step 2, calculating the square of the sampling point of the pointer at the tail of the queue; step 3, calculating the square sum of sampling points in a window by adopting a sliding window mode; step 4, calculating a root mean square value of a sampling point in the sliding window; and 5, calculating a companding value according to the transfer function. The digital companding method provided by the invention reduces the operation complexity to the minimum, can be realized by utilizing the little processing capacity of the processor, is beneficial to simplifying hardware design and reducing equipment power consumption and cost; compared with a hardware implementation method using a special chip, the software implementation companding method has high flexibility, the voice quality is superior to a special chip implementation scheme, the pre-processing of voice data is completely consistent when different coding algorithms are used in equipment with various voice coding algorithms, and the working modes do not need to be switched according to different voice coding algorithms.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of voice communication, and in particular, to a digital companding method, a digital voice communication device, a computer program, and a medium for CVSD encoding, which can be implemented by software.
Background
In special fields such as military radio, satellite, underwater acoustic communication and the like, the channel quality is relatively poor, the channel characteristics are complex and changeable and are relatively seriously interfered, and the CVSD code is widely applied with good channel error code resistance robustness and implementation simplicity. In order to improve the voice quality during the call in a complex and variable environment, the signal-to-noise ratio needs to be improved by companding before the CVSD coding and decoding. At present, the companding method commonly used for CVSD codes is a hardware implementation scheme using a special chip.
Although the existing hardware implementation scheme for CVSD code companding has better performance, the power consumption and the cost of equipment can be improved by using a special chip, the existing chip (such as SA575) is produced by foreign manufacturers, the chip is not available at home, and the supply interruption risk exists under the current international situation.
The companding curve of the companding method for CVSD coding, which is currently implemented using a dedicated chip, is shown in fig. 1.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the digital companding method for the CVSD code which can be realized by software is provided, the special chip used for realizing the CVSD code companding by the current hardware can be replaced with zero cost, and the risk existing in the current special chip is solved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a software-implementable digital companding method for CVSD encoding, comprising the processes of:
step 3, calculating the square of the sampling point of the pointer at the tail of the queue;
step 4, calculating the square sum of sampling points in a window by adopting a sliding window mode;
step 5, calculating a root mean square value of a sampling point in the sliding window;
and 6, calculating a companding value according to the expansion transfer function.
Further, in the step 1, the depth MAX _ QUEUE _ SIZE of the circular QUEUE is 704, each parameter of the circular QUEUE is initialized to 0 during initialization, the tail pointer is moved to the position MAX _ QUEUE _ SIZE-2 before use, and the sum of the squares of the sampling point data in the updated circular QUEUE and the square of the sampling point pointed by the tail pointer are calculated after the sampling point is queued; after the compression or expansion value used for CVSD coding is calculated once, dequeue operation is carried out to point the head pointer to the next sampling point.
Further, in the step 3, a table look-up method is adopted to complete the square operation of the sampling points.
Further, the specific process of step 4 is as follows: calculating the square sum of sampling points in a window by adopting a sliding window algorithm; the square value of the sampling point in the initial state window and the square sum in the window are both 0, when the sliding window moves right once, the square sum in the current window is equal to the square sum of the sampling point in the window before moving, the square sum of the sampling point at the leftmost side of the window before moving, and the square sum of the sampling point at the rightmost side of the window after moving.
Further, in the step 5, a binary reverse lookup table method is adopted to calculate the root mean square value of the sampling point in the window, specifically as follows:
if the sampling point value range is (0, n), and the root mean square value V is calculatedRms 2And the middle value (n/2) of the sampling point value range2By comparison, if VRms 2<＝(n/2)2Then, the search range is reduced to (0, n/2); after several times, if the search range is determined to be (m-1, m), if | VRms 2-m2|>|VRms 2-(m-1)2If m is taken as the current sliding window samplePoint root mean square value.
Further, in step 6, a specific method for calculating the companding value is as follows:
the invention also provides digital voice communication equipment which is characterized by comprising a voice chip, a digital companding module, a CVSD decoding module, a CVSD coding module, a data receiving end, a data sending end, a loudspeaker and a microphone, wherein the loudspeaker and the microphone are respectively connected with the voice chip; the digital companding module is used for executing the digital companding method which can be realized by software and is used for CVSD coding.
The present invention also provides a computer program comprising computer program instructions, wherein the program instructions, when executed by a processor, are adapted to implement the above-described software-implementable digital companding method for CVSD encoding.
The present invention also provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions, wherein the program instructions, when executed by a processor, are for implementing the above-described software-implementable digital companding method for CVSD encoding.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of adopting the technical scheme are as follows: the invention reduces the operation complexity of the digital companding method to the minimum by designing suitable circular queues, calculating the square sum of sampling points by a table look-up method, calculating the square sum of sampling points by a sliding window algorithm, reversely searching the root mean square value of the sampling points by a bisection method, designing a companding transfer function according to a companding curve, calculating the companding value and the like, can be realized by utilizing the small processing capacity of a processor, is beneficial to simplifying hardware design and reducing the power consumption and the cost of equipment.
Compared with a hardware implementation method using a special chip, the software implementation companding method has high flexibility, the voice quality is superior to a special chip implementation scheme, the pre-processing of voice data is completely consistent when different coding algorithms are used in equipment with various voice coding algorithms, and the working modes do not need to be switched according to different voice coding algorithms.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a companding curve for CVSD encoding implemented in a dedicated chip in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a digital companding method for CVSD encoding, which can be implemented by software.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the circular queue according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a process for calculating the square sum of the sampling points by using the sliding window algorithm provided by the invention.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of binary search sliding window RMS value proposed by the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 2, the invention calculates the square sum of the sampling points by circular queue design, table lookup, sliding window algorithm, dichotomy reverse table lookup to quickly find the root mean square value of the sampling points, and designs the companding transfer function according to the companding curve to calculate the companding value. Before starting to compress or expand, the circular queue is initialized. The processing flow in the voice data sending direction in the normal voice communication process is as follows: the microphone collects voice data which is AD converted by the voice chip and inserts the voice data into the tail of the circular queue; calculating a square value of the sampling data pointed by the queue tail pointer by adopting a table look-up method; calculating the sum of squares of data in the current window according to a sliding window algorithm; calculating the mean square value of data in the sliding window; calculating a compressed value according to the compression transfer function; and finally, sending the compressed voice data to a CVSD coder for coding. The receiving direction processing flow is basically consistent with the sending direction.
The specific scheme is as follows:
The starting and releasing time of the CVSD code companding method realized by the hardware chip is 22ms, the corresponding sampling point of 22ms when 32kCVSD codes are used is 704, and the queue depth of the designed software realizing method is 704 because the method is completely compatible with the special chip. A circular queue is defined in which an array of circular queues is used to store sample values.
The circular QUEUE is used as shown in FIG. 3, the parameters of the circular QUEUE are initialized to 0 at the time of initialization, and the tail pointer is moved to the MAX _ QUEUE _ SIZE-2 position before use; after the sampling points are queued, calculating the square accumulation sum of the sampling point data in the updated circular queue and the square of the sampling point pointed by the tail pointer; after the compression or expansion value used for CVSD coding is calculated once, dequeue operation is carried out to point the head pointer to the next sampling point.
Because the sampling value range of the voice signal is determined after analog-to-digital conversion and sampling, the square operation of the sampling point occupies more processor resources, and the square multiplication operation of the sampling point is converted into a table look-up method for realization, so that the operation complexity can be obviously reduced.
Step 3, calculating the square sum of sampling points in the window by a sliding window algorithm
The sliding window algorithm calculates the sum of squares of the sample points within the window as shown in figure 4. The square values of the sampling points in the initial state window are all 0, so the sum of squares of the sampling points in the window is 0; before an effective sampling point enters a window, calculating the square of the sampling point as A by a table look-up method in the second step, and when the window slides rightwards, the sum of the squares of the sampling points in the window is A; when the window slides rightwards again, the square sum of the sampling points in the window is A-0+ B;
when the window runs to a certain time, the sum of squares of sampling points in the window is assumed to be X1, and when the window slides to the right, the sum of squares of the sampling points in the window is X1-D + X; when the window is slid right again, then the sum of the squares of the sample points within the window at this time is (X1-D + X) -E + Y, and so on.
The method only needs one subtraction and one addition each time when the square sum of the sliding window is calculated, and the operation complexity of the processor is reduced.
Step 4, calculating the root mean square value of the sampling point in the sliding window
The flow of searching the sliding window root mean square value is shown in fig. 5, after the sliding window square sum of the sampling points of the sliding window is calculated by the sliding window algorithm in the third step, the mean square value V of the square sum of the sampling points in the current sliding window is calculatedRms 2. If the sampling point is in the range of (0, n), and V is setRms 2And the middle value (n/2) of the sampling point value range2By comparison, if VRms 2<＝(n/2)2Then, the search range is reduced to (0, n/2); after several times, if the search range is determined to be (m-1, m), if | VRms 2-m2|>|VRms 2-(m-1)2And if yes, taking m as the root mean square value of the current sliding window sampling point.
Step 5, designing a companding transfer function according to the companding curve to calculate a companding value
From the companding curve of fig. 1, the designed compression and expansion transfer functions are as follows:
example 2
On the basis of the embodiment 1, the digital voice communication device is further provided, and is characterized by comprising a voice chip, a digital companding module, a CVSD decoding module, a CVSD encoding module, a data receiving end, a data transmitting end, a speaker and a microphone, wherein the speaker and the microphone are respectively connected with the voice chip, the voice chip is connected with the digital companding module, the data receiving end is connected with the digital companding module through the CVSD decoding module, and the data transmitting end is connected with the digital companding module through the CVSD encoding module; the digital companding module is used for executing the digital companding method which can be realized by software and is used for CVSD coding in the embodiment 1. As shown in fig. 6, a specific reference scenario is provided for the present invention, in which a digital voice communication apparatus 1 (hereinafter referred to as "apparatus 1") and a digital voice communication apparatus 2 (hereinafter referred to as "apparatus 2") perform a two-way call using CVSD codes. The present invention is embedded in both the device 1 and the device 2. The voice of the sending end of the device 1 is collected by a microphone and enters a voice chip for processing, the voice chip converts an analog voice signal into linear PCM data, the linear PCM data is sent to the device for digital compression, and the CVSD code is sent to a line after the companding is finished; the receiving end of the device 2 receives the data after compression and CVSD coding and then carries out CVSD decoding, and after the decoding is finished, the data is sent to the invention for digital expansion, and is reduced into linear PCM data which is sent to a voice chip for processing and then is played through a loudspeaker.
Through practical tests, after the voice call method and the voice call device are embedded, the call definition can be obviously improved in an environment with worse channel quality, the user experience is improved, and meanwhile, the voice quality is higher when the device embedded with the voice call method and the device are communicated with each other.
Example 3
On the basis of embodiment 2, there is also provided a computer program comprising computer program instructions, wherein the program instructions, when executed by a processor, are adapted to implement the above-mentioned software-implementable digital companding method for CVSD encoding.
Example 4
On the basis of embodiment 3, there is also provided a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions, wherein the program instructions, when executed by a processor, are for implementing the above-mentioned software-implementable digital companding method for CVSD encoding.
The digital companding method for the CVSD code, which can be realized by software, provided by the invention, replaces the original hardware companding method for the CVSD code by a special chip by using the software method, and can be realized by software by utilizing the small processing capacity of the processor of the equipment, thereby being beneficial to simplifying the hardware design and reducing the power consumption and the cost of the equipment. Meanwhile, when the equipment of the invention is used for CVSD coding communication, the voice quality is higher than that of the companding equipment for CVSD coding realized by a hardware special chip, and the communication quality is better.
Has the following advantages:
the originality: the digital companding method for the CVSD code, which can be realized by software, provided by the invention replaces the traditional idea that the companding for the CVSD code can be realized only by using a hardware special chip with better performance.
The advancement is as follows: designing a proper circular queue, calculating the square sum of sampling points by adopting a table lookup algorithm, calculating the square sum of the sampling points by adopting a sliding window algorithm, searching the root mean square value of the sampling points by a dichotomy, designing a companding transfer function according to a companding curve, calculating a companding value and the like, reducing the operation complexity of the digital companding method to the minimum, and having stronger channel adaptability and high software implementation efficiency.
Zero cost: the cost of the digital companding method for CVSD encoding by software is zero because the processor and memory are off-the-shelf, and the processor power, memory space are sufficient.
Can be popularized: can be widely popularized to other terminal equipment. The method completely gets rid of the limitations of power consumption, cost, foreign outage and the like of the special chip for the hardware.
The invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel feature or any novel combination of features disclosed in this specification and any novel method or process steps or any novel combination of features disclosed. Those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains will appreciate that insubstantial changes or modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
Claims (9)
1. A digital companding method for CVSD coding, which can be realized by software, is characterized by comprising the following processes:
step 1, designing a circular queue, and inserting voice data into the tail of the circular queue;
step 2, calculating the square of the sampling point of the pointer at the tail of the queue;
step 3, calculating the square sum of sampling points in a window by adopting a sliding window mode;
step 4, calculating a root mean square value of a sampling point in the sliding window;
and 5, calculating a companding value according to the transfer function.
2. The digital companding method for CVSD encoding implementable in software according to claim 1, wherein the circular QUEUE depth MAX _ QUEUE _ SIZE is 704, the circular QUEUE parameters are initialized to 0 at initialization, the tail pointer is moved to MAX _ QUEUE _ SIZE-2 position before use, the sum of squared data of sampling points in the updated circular QUEUE and the square of sampling points pointed by the tail pointer are calculated after the sampling points are enqueued; after the compression or expansion value used for CVSD coding is calculated once, dequeue operation is carried out to point the head pointer to the next sampling point.
3. The digital companding method for CVSD encoding according to claim 2, wherein in step 2, the operation of sampling point square is performed by using a table lookup method.
4. The digital companding method for the CVSD code, which can be implemented by software according to claim 3, wherein the specific process of step 3 is: calculating the square sum of sampling points in a window by adopting a sliding window algorithm; the square value of the sampling point in the initial state window and the square sum in the window are both 0, when the sliding window moves right once, the square sum in the current window is equal to the square sum of the sampling point in the window before moving, the square sum of the sampling point at the leftmost side of the window before moving, and the square sum of the sampling point at the rightmost side of the window after moving.
5. The digital companding method for the CVSD code, which can be implemented by software according to claim 4, wherein in the step 4, a binary inverse table lookup method is adopted to calculate the rms value of the sampling point in the window, specifically as follows:
if the sampling point value range is (0, n), and the root mean square value V is calculatedRms 2And the middle value (n/2) of the sampling point value range2By comparison, if VRms 2<＝(n/2)2Then, the search range is reduced to (0, n/2); after several times, if the search range is determined to be (m-1, m), if | VRms 2-m2|>|VRms 2-(m-1)2And if yes, taking m as the root mean square value of the current sliding window sampling point.
6. The digital companding method for CVSD coding according to claim 5, wherein in step 5, the specific method for calculating the companding value is as follows:
7. a digital voice communication device is characterized by comprising a voice chip, a digital companding module, a CVSD decoding module, a CVSD coding module, a data receiving end, a data sending end, a loudspeaker and a microphone, wherein the loudspeaker and the microphone are respectively connected with the voice chip; the digital companding module is used for executing the digital companding method for CVSD coding, which can be realized by software, according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. A computer program comprising computer program instructions, wherein the program instructions, when executed by a processor, are for implementing the software implementable digital companding method for CVSD encoding of any of claims 1-6.
9. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions, wherein the program instructions, when executed by a processor, are for implementing the software implementable digital companding method for CVSD encoding of any of claims 1-6.
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