CN112630852A - Double-light-path smoke sensing chip and smoke sensing method - Google Patents
Double-light-path smoke sensing chip and smoke sensing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112630852A CN112630852A CN202110258078.3A CN202110258078A CN112630852A CN 112630852 A CN112630852 A CN 112630852A CN 202110258078 A CN202110258078 A CN 202110258078A CN 112630852 A CN112630852 A CN 112630852A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-light-path smoke sensing chip and a smoke sensing method, wherein the smoke sensing chip comprises an MCU (microprogrammed control unit), an LED (light-emitting diode) driver, light sensation feedback detection units, a temperature sensing unit, a multiplexer, an analog-to-digital converter, a digital filter and an oscillator, the two groups of light sensation feedback detection units carry out numerical calculation and comparative analysis through a built-in high-efficiency MCU (microprogrammed control unit) processor, and whether smoke exists or not is judged by utilizing the light intensity of light scattered in a smoke detection chamber and temperature sensing, so that the problems that the smoke cannot be detected sharply and the time consumption for sensing the smoke is long in the prior art are solved, and the.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of electrical digital data signal processing technologies, and in particular, to a dual optical path smoke sensing chip and a smoke sensing method.
Background
With the continuous development of industries such as digital signal processing and semiconductors, smoke detectors are widely used for fire detection, and are extremely important in fire prevention. The smoke sensing chip is used as a core unit of the smoke detector, and is used for collecting and processing sensor signals and controlling the work of the smoke detector.
In the prior art, a smoke sensing chip senses the change of micro-current of smoke particles through the voltage change caused by an ionization chamber of a smoke sensitive resistor, and when the smoke particles enter the ionization chamber, the air ionization state of the ionization chamber is changed, so that the situation that the voltage at two ends of the ionization chamber is increased due to the increase of the equivalent resistance of the ionization chamber is shown, and the smoke is sensed. However, the method in the prior art is very sensitive to small particle smoke particles generated by open fire, has low sensitivity to smoldering smoke particles with larger particle diameter, cannot detect smoke acutely, and consumes longer time for sensing smoke.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems, the invention provides a dual-optical-path smoke sensing chip which comprises a dual-waveband optical LED sensing component, selects dual-wavelength incident light based on a T matrix method, carries out detailed numerical calculation and comparative analysis on a light scattering matrix of fire smoke particles and non-fire smoke particles by two groups of light sensation feedback detection receivers through a built-in high-efficiency MCU processor, and judges whether smoke exists or not by utilizing the light intensity of light scattered in a smoke detection chamber and temperature sensing, thereby solving the problems that the prior art can not detect smoke sharply and the time consumption for sensing smoke is long, and improving the efficiency and sensitivity of smoke sensing.
The invention provides the following technical scheme:
a dual optical path smoke sensing chip:
the method comprises the following steps: the LED temperature sensor comprises an MCU, at least one LED driver, a light sensation feedback detection unit, a temperature sensing unit, a multiplexer, an analog-to-digital converter, a digital filter and an oscillator;
the MCU is used for processing a detection algorithm;
the LED driver is used for starting the light source to sense the smoke;
the light sensation feedback detection unit is used for receiving a light source reflection signal;
the temperature sensing unit is used for carrying out multiple temperature detection;
the multiplexer is used for isolating signals input by the light sensing feedback detection unit and the digital filter;
the analog-to-digital converter is used for converting the analog signal output by the multiplexer into a digital signal and transmitting the digital signal to the digital filter;
the digital filter is used for amplifying signals, reducing noise and transmitting the filtered signals to the MCU;
the oscillator is used for converting direct current into alternating current.
Further, the light-sensing feedback detection unit is a current comparator.
Further, the light-sensing feedback detection unit is a current comparator.
Further, the dual-optical-path smoke sensing chip further comprises a linear voltage reducer, a band-gap reference source, a flash memory, a digital-to-analog converter, a serial peripheral interface, a bidirectional two-wire system synchronous serial bus, a universal asynchronous receiving and transmitting transmitter and a universal input and output.
Further, the linear voltage reducer is connected with the band-gap reference source and used for enabling external voltage to enter the chip through the linear voltage reducer and the band-gap reference source to generate rated voltage to drive the chip to work.
Further, the optimal size of the dual-light-path smoke sensing chip module is 3.6 mm x4.8 mm x0.9 mm.
In addition, the invention also provides a smoke sensing method using the double-light-path smoke sensing chip, which comprises the following specific steps:
step 101, an external power supply is switched on, external voltage enters a chip, rated voltage is generated through a linear voltage reducer and a band-gap reference source, and an internal unit of the dual-optical-path smoke sensing chip is driven to work;
102, starting a first LED and a second LED light source by an LED driver to sense smoke;
103, receiving the light source reflection through the light sensing feedback detection unit, combining the light source reflection with the temperature sensing unit, inputting the light source reflection and the temperature sensing unit into an oscillator for processing, and converting direct current into alternating current;
104, transmitting signals processed by the light sensation feedback detection unit and the temperature sensing unit to a multiplexer for isolation to generate a first analog signal, transmitting the first analog signal to an analog-to-digital converter to convert the analog signal into a first digital signal, and amplifying the first digital signal by N times through a digital filter and transmitting the first digital signal to an MCU (micro control unit);
and 105, the MCU calls an algorithm in the flash memory to process the first digital signal and outputs the first digital signal.
Further, the interval of N is [100, 1000 ].
The invention discloses a double-optical-path smoke sensing chip and a smoke sensing method, wherein the smoke sensing chip comprises an MCU (microprogrammed control unit), an LED (light-emitting diode) driver, light sensation feedback detection units, a temperature sensing unit, a multiplexer, an analog-to-digital converter, a digital filter and an oscillator, two groups of light sensation feedback detection units carry out numerical calculation and comparative analysis through a built-in high-efficiency MCU (microprogrammed control unit) processor, and whether smoke exists or not is judged by utilizing the light intensity of light scattered in a smoke detection chamber and temperature sensing, so that the problems that the smoke cannot be detected sharply in the prior art and the time consumption for sensing the smoke is long are solved, and the efficiency and the.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a dual optical path smoke sensing chip of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a chip pin of the dual optical path smoke sensing chip of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of a sensing method of the dual optical path smoke sensing chip of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
The invention provides a double-light-path smoke sensing chip, which comprises a double-waveband optical LED sensing component, selects double-wavelength incident light based on a T matrix method, carries out detailed numerical calculation and comparative analysis on a light scattering matrix of fire smoke particles and non-fire smoke particles by two groups of light-sensitive feedback detection receivers through a built-in high-efficiency MCU processor, judges whether smoke exists or not by utilizing the light intensity of light scattered in a smoke detection chamber and temperature sensing, solves the problems that the prior art cannot detect smoke sharply and the time consumption for sensing smoke is long, and improves the efficiency and sensitivity of smoke sensing.
Specifically, the present invention provides a dual optical path smoke sensing chip, as shown in fig. 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of the dual optical path smoke sensing chip of the present invention. The double-light-path smoke sensing chip mainly comprises three parts: 1) MCU; 2) the LED driving device comprises an LED driver, a light sensation feedback detection unit and a temperature sensing unit; 3) a digital filter. The dual-optical-path smoke sensing chip at least comprises a group of LED drivers and two groups of light sensation feedback detection units, wherein the light sensation feedback detection units are current comparators such as the current comparators 1 and 2 shown in FIG. 1; the digital filter comprises a programmable gain amplifier;
the MCU processing detection algorithm, the built-in two groups of light-emitting LED drivers, the two groups of light sensation feedback detection and temperature sensing detectors provide multiple temperature detection, and the built-in digital filter provides 500 times of amplification and a special noise reduction circuit design and a firmware algorithm can process 20bits of operation.
In addition, the dual-optical-path smoke sensing chip also comprises a multiplexer, an analog-to-digital converter, an oscillator, a linear voltage reducer, a band-gap reference source, a flash memory, a digital-to-analog converter, an SPI serial peripheral interface, an I2C bidirectional two-wire system synchronous serial bus, a UART universal asynchronous receiver transmitter and a GPIO universal input/output port. The analog-to-digital converter is optimally a 14-bit analog-to-digital converter, and the flash memory is used for storing operation related parameters.
The optimal size of the double-light-path smoke sensing chip module is 3.6 mm x4.8 mm x 0.9mm.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of chip pins, which are defined as follows:
as shown in fig. 3, when the dual optical path smoke sensing chip works, an external power supply is switched on, external voltage enters the chip, and stable rated voltage is generated through a linear voltage reducer and a band gap reference source to drive each unit inside the dual optical path smoke sensing chip to work. The LED driver starts two groups of light sources of an LED1 and an LED2 to sense smoke, light source reflection is received by 2 current comparators and is used as combined input with a temperature sensing unit, meanwhile, direct current is converted into alternating current under the action of an oscillator, the alternating current enters a multiplexer to isolate 3 groups of signals, the signals are sent into an analog-to-digital converter to convert analog signals into digital signals, the signals can be amplified by N times (the optimal value of N is 500 times, and can be 100 times and 1000 times) through a digital filter and are sent into an MCU, and the MCU takes algorithms and data in a flash memory to process and inputs and outputs according to the requirements of different interface communication protocols.
The embodiments of the present invention described above are combinations of elements and features of the present invention. Unless otherwise mentioned, the elements or features may be considered optional. Each element or feature may be practiced without being combined with other elements or features. In addition, the embodiments of the present invention may be configured by combining some elements and/or features. The order of operations described in the embodiments of the present invention may be rearranged. Some configurations of any embodiment may be included in another embodiment, and may be replaced with corresponding configurations of the other embodiment. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that claims that are not explicitly cited in each other in the appended claims may be combined into an embodiment of the present invention or may be included as new claims in a modification after the present invention is filed.
In a firmware or software configuration, embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in the form of modules, procedures, functions, and the like. The software codes may be stored in memory units and executed by processors. The memory unit is located inside or outside the processor, and may transmit and receive data to and from the processor via various known means.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. A dual optical path smoke sensing chip, comprising: the LED temperature sensor comprises an MCU, at least one LED driver, a light sensation feedback detection unit, a temperature sensing unit, a multiplexer, an analog-to-digital converter, a digital filter and an oscillator;
the MCU is used for processing a detection algorithm;
the LED driver is used for starting the light source to sense the smoke;
the light sensation feedback detection unit is used for receiving a light source reflection signal;
the temperature sensing unit is used for carrying out multiple temperature detection;
the multiplexer is used for isolating signals input by the light sensing feedback detection unit and the digital filter;
the analog-to-digital converter is used for converting the analog signal output by the multiplexer into a digital signal and transmitting the digital signal to the digital filter;
the digital filter is used for amplifying signals, reducing noise and transmitting the filtered signals to the MCU;
the oscillator is used for converting direct current into alternating current.
2. The dual optical path smoke sensing chip of claim 1, wherein said light sensing feedback detection unit is a current comparator.
3. The dual optical path smoke sensing chip of claim 1, wherein said digital filter comprises a gain amplifier.
4. The dual optical path smoke sensing chip of claim 1, further comprising a linear voltage reducer, a bandgap reference source, a flash memory, a digital-to-analog converter, a serial peripheral interface, a bi-directional two-wire system synchronous serial bus, a universal asynchronous receiver transmitter, and a universal input output.
5. The dual optical path smoke sensing chip of claim 4, wherein said linear voltage reducer is connected to a bandgap reference source for external voltage to enter the chip through said linear voltage reducer and bandgap reference source to generate a rated voltage to drive the chip to operate.
6. A dual optical path smoke sensing chip according to claim 1, wherein said dual optical path smoke sensing chip module size is 3.6 mm x4.8 mm x0.9 mm.
7. A smoke sensing method using the dual optical path smoke sensing chip of any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
step 101, an external power supply is switched on, external voltage enters a chip, rated voltage is generated through a linear voltage reducer and a band-gap reference source, and an internal unit of the dual-optical-path smoke sensing chip is driven to work;
102, starting a first LED and a second LED light source by an LED driver to sense smoke;
103, receiving the light source reflection through the light sensing feedback detection unit, combining the light source reflection with the temperature sensing unit, inputting the light source reflection and the temperature sensing unit into an oscillator for processing, and converting direct current into alternating current;
104, transmitting signals processed by the light sensation feedback detection unit and the temperature sensing unit to a multiplexer for isolation to generate a first analog signal, transmitting the first analog signal to an analog-to-digital converter to convert the analog signal into a first digital signal, and amplifying the first digital signal by N times through a digital filter and transmitting the first digital signal to an MCU (micro control unit);
and 105, the MCU calls an algorithm in the flash memory to process the first digital signal and outputs the first digital signal.
8. The smoke sensing method of claim 7, wherein said interval of N is [100, 1000 ].
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113470300A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-10-01 | 无锡商业职业技术学院 | Photoelectric control system for high-precision smoke detector |
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| US4211362A (en) * | 1978-03-27 | 1980-07-08 | Johnson Lonnie G | Smoke detecting timer controlled thermostat |
| CN107588857A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2018-01-16 | 众智光电科技股份有限公司 | Infrared ray position sensing apparatus |
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