CN112629802A - Wind tunnel experiment device and method for simulating influence of bulk coal combustion atmospheric environment - Google Patents
Wind tunnel experiment device and method for simulating influence of bulk coal combustion atmospheric environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112629802A CN112629802A CN202011592943.XA CN202011592943A CN112629802A CN 112629802 A CN112629802 A CN 112629802A CN 202011592943 A CN202011592943 A CN 202011592943A CN 112629802 A CN112629802 A CN 112629802A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/02—Wind tunnels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/06—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing
Abstract
The invention relates to a wind tunnel experimental device and a method for simulating the influence of the atmospheric environment of bulk coal combustion, wherein the device comprises a dual-experimental-section closed-circuit and open-circuit dual-purpose backflow wind tunnel, a civil small coal furnace, an instrument room and an online observation instrument, and the wind tunnel comprises an air inlet section, a power section, an experimental section and an air outlet section; the air inlet section is provided with an air inlet valve, the air outlet section is provided with an air outlet valve, the power section is provided with a motor and a fan, and the experiment section is provided with an experiment turntable and a meteorological observation instrument; the device comprises an instrument chamber, an online observation instrument, a sampling head, a pipeline and a wind tunnel, wherein the instrument chamber is positioned at the lower part of a wind tunnel experiment section of a reflux boundary layer, the online observation instrument is positioned in the instrument chamber, the sampling head passes through a bottom plate of the experiment section to enter the experiment section and is connected with the online observation instrument through the pipeline, the wind tunnel is adopted to simulate the combustion atmospheric environment influence of a civil small coal furnace, and the wind speed adopts breeze of 1-2 m/s; the experiment of the invention is not influenced by the external wind speed or the height change of the boundary layer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wind tunnel experiment device and method for simulating the influence of the atmospheric environment of bulk coal combustion, in particular to a wind tunnel experiment simulation method for simulating the influence of the atmospheric environment of bulk coal combustion of a small coal stove.
Background
In recent years, regional composite air pollution in China is serious, and various universities and scientific research institutes also develop air pollution control technology research and development and pollution source tracing so as to improve the technical capability of pollution control, reduce the emission of air pollutants, and simultaneously explore a pollution mechanism and accurately obtain the main pollution source influencing the quality of the ambient air at present.
According to the related research results at present, besides industrial sources and motor vehicle emission sources, the emission of the atmospheric pollutants generated by burning bulk coal of rural small coal furnaces is an important source for causing regional composite atmospheric pollution in China, and particularly in northern rural areas in China in winter, as the living standard of residents is improved, the quantity of hot soil and hot air supplied by the resident built small coal furnaces is increased, and the emission of the atmospheric pollutants is increased.
At present, the research means for the air pollution of the bulk coal combustion environment of the small coal stove is mainly direct on-site observation and numerical simulation. The field observation operation is convenient, but the observation data is greatly influenced by the regional atmospheric environment, the observation data cannot be distinguished from the contribution of a small coal furnace or regional transportation or other local pollution sources, the observation result has poor reference, and the observation result cannot be repeatedly obtained. The numerical simulation can be used for control experiments, but because the basic equation in the model is simplified to a certain extent in order to obtain a numerical solution, the error of the simulation result is large and can only be used for reference. At present, no ideal method can test or simulate the influence of atmospheric pollutants discharged by burning loose coal of a small coal stove on the quality of ambient air, including the influence degree and the influence process. .
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an experimental device and method which are not influenced by external wind speed or boundary layer height change in order to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a wind-tunnel experimental apparatus of simulation loose coal burning atmospheric environment influence, includes backward flow wind-tunnel, little coal stove, instrument room and online observation instrument, the wind-tunnel includes air inlet section, power section, first test section, second test section and the section of giving vent to anger, the air inlet section is equipped with the (air) intake valve, the section of giving vent to anger is equipped with the exhaust valve, be equipped with motor and fan in the power section, little coal stove sets up in first test section, the instrument room is located the below of backward flow wind-tunnel second test section, online observation instrument is located the instrument room, online observation instrument passes through the pipeline and is connected with the sampling head, the sampling head is located into the second test section.
The technical scheme is further designed as follows: the experimental device further comprises an ozone generator and an ammonia gas conveying device, wherein the ozone generator and the ammonia gas conveying device are positioned on the outer side of the backflow wind tunnel and are respectively connected with the first test section through pipelines.
An airflow stirring fan is further arranged in the first test section.
The online observation instrument comprises a nitrogen oxide online observation instrument, a sulfur dioxide online observation instrument, an ozone online observation instrument, an ammonia online observation instrument and PM2.5An online observation instrument and an aerosol flight mass spectrometer.
The sampling head comprises a first sampling head, a second sampling head and an atmospheric sampling header pipe, the atmospheric sampling header pipe is connected with a nitrogen oxide on-line observation instrument, a sulfur dioxide on-line observation instrument, an ozone on-line observation instrument and an ammonia on-line observation instrument, and the first sampling head is connected with an aerosol flight mass spectrometerConnecting the second sampling head to the PM2.5And connecting an online observation instrument.
And the first sampling head, the second sampling head and the atmosphere sampling header pipe are arranged at the same height of the second test section.
The aerosol flight mass spectrometer is connected with the first sampling head through a Teflon air inlet pipe, and a silica gel drying pipe is arranged between an inlet of the aerosol flight mass spectrometer and the Teflon air inlet pipe; and a first cyclone cutter is arranged at the air inlet of the first sampling head.
The PM2.5The front end of the online observation instrument is connected with a second sampling head through a Teflon air inlet pipe, the rear end of the online observation instrument is provided with a first external sampling pump, and a second cyclone cutter is arranged at an air inlet of the second sampling head.
The front ends of the nitrogen oxide on-line observation instrument, the sulfur dioxide on-line observation instrument, the ozone on-line observation instrument and the ammonia on-line observation instrument are connected with an atmospheric sampling main pipe through a Teflon air inlet pipe, and the rear ends of the nitrogen oxide on-line observation instrument, the sulfur dioxide on-line observation instrument, the ozone on-line observation instrument and the ammonia on-line observation instrument are connected with a.
A wind tunnel experiment method for simulating the increase and the regression of the concentration of fine air particles adopts the experiment device and comprises the following steps:
opening an inlet valve, an exhaust valve, a motor and a fan of the backflow wind tunnel, introducing air into the wind tunnel from an inlet section, igniting coal in a small coal furnace after the air is replaced, closing the inlet valve and the exhaust valve of the backflow wind tunnel to form a closed space in the wind tunnel, and opening the fan to control the wind speed to be breeze at 1-2 m/s;
opening nitrogen oxide on-line observation instrument, sulfur dioxide on-line observation instrument, ozone on-line observation instrument, ammonia on-line observation instrument and PM2.5The online observation instrument and the aerosol flight mass spectrometer record initial values of concentrations of nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, ozone, ammonia and fine particles, monitor changes of pollutants along with time, supplement ozone and ammonia gas through the ozone generator and the ammonia gas conveying device according to changes of the ozone and the ammonia gas, and increase coal according to combustion conditions of the coal;
after 24 hours, opening an inlet valve and an exhaust valve, simultaneously increasing the wind speed of the fan, and replacing air in the test section; until the experimental initial value is restored and stabilized within the test period.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a direct and effective device and method for simulating the influence of bulk coal combustion on regional atmospheric environment, and the adoption of the dual-test-section closed-circuit and open-circuit dual-purpose backflow boundary layer wind tunnel can ensure that the experiment is not influenced by external wind speed or boundary layer height change, can truly reflect the influence of atmospheric pollutants discharged by bulk coal combustion of small coal furnaces in rural areas in northern China on the local environmental air quality, and provides reliable data support for related scientific research personnel and research departments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a wind tunnel structure in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first test section and a make-up gas in an example of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second test segment and instrument chamber configuration in an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1. a double-test-section closed-circuit and open-circuit dual-purpose backflow boundary layer wind tunnel comprises a double-test-section closed-circuit and open-circuit dual-purpose boundary layer wind tunnel body 2, an inlet valve 3, a motor 4, a fan 5, a first test section 6, a second test section 7, an exhaust valve 8, a small coal furnace 9, an ozone gas delivery port 10, an ozone generator 11, an ammonia gas delivery port 12, an ammonia gas delivery device 13, an airflow stirring fan 14, an observation instrument chamber 15, a sampling header pipe sampling head 16, a nitrogen oxide observer 17, a sulfur dioxide observer 18, an ammonia gas observer 19, an ozone observer 20, a second external sampling pump 21, a computer 22, a first sampling head 23, PM2.5The device comprises an online observation instrument 24, a first external sampling pump 25, a second sampling head 26, an aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer 27, a silica gel drying tube 28, a meteorological observation instrument 29 and an atmospheric sampling header tube.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
Examples
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the simulated loose coal combustion of the present embodimentThe wind tunnel experimental device for the influence of the burning atmosphere environment comprises a backflow wind tunnel 1, an instrument room 14 and PM2.5The device comprises an online observation instrument 23, an aerosol flight mass spectrometer 26, a small coal furnace 8, a nitrogen oxide online observation instrument 16, a sulfur dioxide online observation instrument 17, an ammonia online observation instrument 18, an ozone online observation instrument 19, an ozone generator 10, an ammonia gas conveying device 12 and an air image observation instrument 28, wherein the backflow wind tunnel in the embodiment adopts a double-test-section closed-circuit and open-circuit dual-purpose backflow boundary layer wind tunnel.
The backflow wind tunnel 1 comprises an air inlet section, a power section, a first test section 5, a second test section 6 and an exhaust section, wherein the air inlet section is provided with an inlet valve 2, the exhaust section is provided with an exhaust valve 7, the power section is provided with a motor 3 and a fan 4, and the air inlet section and the air outlet section are communicated with the first test section 5 and the second test section 6. The small coal furnace is arranged at the center of the first test section 5, and an airflow stirring fan 13 is also arranged in the first test section and is used for stirring the airflow in the wind tunnel. PM (particulate matter)2.5The online observation instrument 23, the aerosol flight mass spectrometer 26, the nitrogen oxide online observation instrument 16, the sulfur dioxide online observation instrument 17, the ammonia online observation instrument 18 and the ozone online observation instrument 19 are all arranged in the observation instrument chamber 14; the observation instrument room is arranged outside the second test section 6 and vertically below the center of the test section 6, and a cooling and heating air conditioner is arranged in the observation instrument room 14 to ensure that various observation instruments run at a proper temperature. The ozone generator 10 is arranged outside the first test section 5 and is communicated with the first test section 5 through a gas conveying pipeline; the ammonia gas conveying device 12 is arranged outside the first test section 5 and is communicated with the first test section 5 through a gas conveying pipeline. The meteorological observation instrument 28 is arranged in the second test section 6 and is used for assisting in recording meteorological factors such as temperature, humidity, wind speed and air pressure, and meanwhile, the atmospheric sampling header pipe 29, the first sampling head 22 and the second sampling head 24 are all arranged in the second test section; the atmospheric sampling manifold 29, the first sampling head 22, and the second sampling head 24 are disposed at the same height.
PM2.5The online observation instrument 23, the aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer 26 and each pollution gas observation instrument are divided into three paths to independently sample particulate matters and gas in the air; PM (particulate matter)2.5The front end of the on-line observation instrument 23 is connected with the first sampling head 22 through a Teflon air inlet pipeThe rear end of the sampling tube is provided with a first external sampling pump 24, and a VSCC cyclone cutter is arranged at the air inlet of the first sampling head 22; the aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer 26 is connected with the second sampling head 25 through a Teflon air inlet pipe, and a silica gel drying pipe 27 is further arranged between an inlet of the aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer 26 and the Teflon air inlet pipe and used for ensuring that sampled samples are all dry in terms of particles and gas; and a 2000-30EHB cyclone cutter is arranged at the air inlet of the second sampling head. The two cyclone cutters are used for ensuring that collected samples are fine particles (the kinetic diameter is less than or equal to 2.5 mu m). The pollutant gas observation instruments are provided with a plurality of nitrogen oxide on-line observation instruments 16, sulfur dioxide on-line observation instruments 17, ammonia on-line observation instruments 18 and ozone on-line observation instruments 19, the gas inlet pipelines of the observation instruments are connected with an atmospheric sampling header pipe 29 after being collected through a Teflon manifold, and the rear exhaust pipelines of the gas observation instruments are combined to discharge waste gas through a second external sampling pump 20.
In this embodiment, a computer 21, PM, is also provided in the scope room 142.5The data collected by the online observation instrument 23, the online nitrogen oxide observation instrument 16, the online sulfur dioxide observation instrument 17, the online ammonia observation instrument 18, the online ozone observation instrument 19 and the aerosol flight mass spectrometer 26 are connected to the computer 21 through data lines.
PM in the present embodiment2.5The on-line observer 23 adopts model 8532 of TSI of America, and the sampling exhaust pump is model 0523-101Q-G588DX of GAST of America; the aerosol flight mass spectrometer 26 is of the SP-AMS type available from Aerodyne, USA.
The wind tunnel experiment for simulating the influence of the atmospheric environment of the combustion of the bulk coal by using the device of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
opening an inlet valve 2 and an exhaust valve 7 of a double-test-section backflow type boundary layer wind tunnel 1, a power section motor 3 and a fan 4, introducing air into the wind tunnel 1 from an inlet section, igniting a small coal furnace 8 in a first test section 5 after the air is replaced, closing the exhaust valve 7 and the inlet valve 2 after the small coal furnace 8 burns normally, enabling the wind tunnel 1 to be a relatively closed space, adjusting the wind speed of the fan to be 1-2 m/s, and enabling airflow to flow slowly in the wind tunnel in a single direction.
Step two, opening PM2.5On-line observationThe device 23, the aerosol flight mass spectrometer 26, the nitrogen oxide on-line observer 16, the sulfur dioxide on-line observer 17, the ammonia on-line observer 18 and the ozone on-line observer 19 record the concentration of fine particles and the initial value of each gas pollutant, observe the change of the concentration of each pollutant in the air, and adjust the concentration by using an ozone generator and an ammonia gas conveying device by comparing the concentration values of the observed ozone and ammonia with the corresponding concentration values at different times in a day in North China consulted by a literature.
And step three, waiting for time change, adding new coal into the small coal furnace 8 according to the coal combustion condition in the process, moving out the small coal furnace 8 after 24 hours, opening the inlet valve 2 and the exhaust valve 7, and replacing air in the wind tunnel 1, wherein the concentration of each pollutant is continuously reduced at the moment.
And step four, when the concentration of each pollutant is recovered to the initial value of the experiment and is stable, moving the small coal furnace 8 again, and repeating the next simulation experiment according to the new experiment scheme.
The invention uses the dual-test-section closed-circuit and open-circuit dual-purpose backflow type boundary layer wind tunnel to simulate the influence of the atmospheric environment of the combustion of the loose coal, and the dual-test-section closed-circuit and open-circuit dual-purpose backflow type boundary layer wind tunnel used at this time has larger volume, can better reflect the physical diffusion and chemical change conditions of real atmospheric pollutants, is easier to control the experimental process than the actual measurement of the environmental field, is less influenced by the transmission of the environmental area and the emission of other pollution sources, is easier to capture the atmospheric pollutant change process, and is more accurate and more reliable than the numerical simulation result.
Real-time data obtained by each gas online observation instrument and each particulate matter observation instrument can effectively analyze the physical and chemical changes and the accumulation process of atmospheric pollutants discharged by the combustion of bulk coal of the small coal furnace in the ambient air and the contribution to the generation of secondary particles, thereby analyzing the influence of the atmospheric pollutants on the generation of dust and haze.
The technical solutions of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions obtained by using equivalent substitution modes fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A wind tunnel experimental device for simulating the influence of the atmospheric environment of bulk coal combustion is characterized in that: including backward flow wind tunnel, little coal stove, instrument room and online observation instrument, the wind tunnel includes air intake section, power section, first test section, second test section and the section of giving vent to anger, the air intake section is equipped with the (air) intake valve, the section of giving vent to anger is equipped with the exhaust valve, be equipped with motor and fan in the power section, little coal stove sets up in first test section, the instrument room is located the below of backward flow wind tunnel second test section, online observation instrument is located the instrument room, online observation instrument passes through the pipeline and is connected with the sampling head, the sampling head is located into the second test section.
2. A wind tunnel experimental device for simulating the influence of the atmospheric environment of the combustion of the bulk coal as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises an ozone generator and an ammonia gas conveying device, wherein the ozone generator and the ammonia gas conveying device are positioned on the outer side of the backflow wind tunnel and are respectively connected with the first test section through pipelines.
3. A wind tunnel experimental device for simulating the influence of the atmospheric environment of the combustion of the bulk coal as claimed in claim 2, wherein: an airflow stirring fan is further arranged in the first test section.
4. A wind tunnel experimental device for simulating the influence of the atmospheric environment of the combustion of the bulk coal as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the online observation instrument comprises a nitrogen oxide online observation instrument, a sulfur dioxide online observation instrument, an ozone online observation instrument, an ammonia online observation instrument and PM2.5An online observation instrument and an aerosol flight mass spectrometer.
5. A wind tunnel experiment device for simulating the influence of the atmospheric environment of the combustion of the bulk coal as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the sampling head comprises a first sampling head, a second sampling head and an atmospheric sampling header pipe, the atmospheric sampling header pipe is connected with a nitrogen oxide on-line observation instrument, a sulfur dioxide on-line observation instrument, an ozone on-line observation instrument and an ammonia on-line observation instrument, the first sampling head is connected with an aerosol flight mass spectrometer, and the second sampling head is used for samplingSample head and PM2.5And connecting an online observation instrument.
6. A wind tunnel experiment device for simulating the influence of the atmospheric environment of the combustion of the bulk coal as claimed in claim 5, wherein: and the first sampling head, the second sampling head and the atmosphere sampling header pipe are arranged at the same height of the second test section.
7. A wind tunnel experiment device for simulating the influence of the atmospheric environment of the combustion of the bulk coal as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the aerosol flight mass spectrometer is connected with the first sampling head through a Teflon air inlet pipe, and a silica gel drying pipe is arranged between an inlet of the aerosol flight mass spectrometer and the Teflon air inlet pipe; and a first cyclone cutter is arranged at the air inlet of the first sampling head.
8. A wind tunnel experiment device for simulating the influence of the atmospheric environment of the combustion of the bulk coal as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the PM2.5The front end of the online observation instrument is connected with a second sampling head through a Teflon air inlet pipe, the rear end of the online observation instrument is provided with a first external sampling pump, and a second cyclone cutter is arranged at an air inlet of the second sampling head.
9. A wind tunnel experiment device for simulating the influence of the atmospheric environment of the combustion of the bulk coal as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the front ends of the nitrogen oxide on-line observation instrument, the sulfur dioxide on-line observation instrument, the ozone on-line observation instrument and the ammonia on-line observation instrument are connected with an atmospheric sampling main pipe through a Teflon air inlet pipe, and the rear ends of the nitrogen oxide on-line observation instrument, the sulfur dioxide on-line observation instrument, the ozone on-line observation instrument and the ammonia on-line observation instrument are connected with a.
10. A wind tunnel experiment method for simulating the increase and decrease of the concentration of fine air particles, which adopts the experiment device of claim 9, and is characterized in that:
opening an inlet valve, an exhaust valve, a motor and a fan of the backflow wind tunnel, introducing air into the wind tunnel from an inlet section, igniting coal in a small coal furnace after the air is replaced, closing the inlet valve and the exhaust valve of the backflow wind tunnel to form a closed space in the wind tunnel, and opening the fan to control the wind speed to be breeze at 1-2 m/s;
opening nitrogen oxide on-line observation instrument, sulfur dioxide on-line observation instrument, ozone on-line observation instrument, ammonia on-line observation instrument and PM2.5The online observation instrument and the aerosol flight mass spectrometer record initial values of concentrations of nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, ozone, ammonia and fine particles, monitor changes of pollutants along with time, supplement ozone and ammonia gas through the ozone generator and the ammonia gas conveying device according to changes of the ozone and the ammonia gas, and increase coal according to combustion conditions of the coal;
after 24 hours, opening an inlet valve and an exhaust valve, simultaneously increasing the wind speed of the fan, and replacing air in the test section; until the experimental initial value is restored and stabilized within the test period.
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| CN202011592943.XA CN112629802A (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2020-12-29 | Wind tunnel experiment device and method for simulating influence of bulk coal combustion atmospheric environment |
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| CN202011592943.XA CN112629802A (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2020-12-29 | Wind tunnel experiment device and method for simulating influence of bulk coal combustion atmospheric environment |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113959671A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-21 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | But two straight-through closed circulation wind-tunnel laboratories |
| CN115614311A (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-01-17 | 四川省鼓风机制造有限责任公司 | Wind power testing device for ventilator |
-
2020
- 2020-12-29 CN CN202011592943.XA patent/CN112629802A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113959671A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-21 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | But two straight-through closed circulation wind-tunnel laboratories |
| CN115614311A (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-01-17 | 四川省鼓风机制造有限责任公司 | Wind power testing device for ventilator |
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