CN112629691B - Method for installing multipoint flexible thermocouple in large-scale reactor - Google Patents
Method for installing multipoint flexible thermocouple in large-scale reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN112629691B CN112629691B CN202011414473.8A CN202011414473A CN112629691B CN 112629691 B CN112629691 B CN 112629691B CN 202011414473 A CN202011414473 A CN 202011414473A CN 112629691 B CN112629691 B CN 112629691B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/02—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
- G01K1/14—Supports; Fastening devices; Arrangements for mounting thermometers in particular locations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for installing a multi-point flexible thermocouple in a large-scale reactor, which comprises the following steps of firstly connecting the thermocouple with a temporary flange bracket, and sequentially installing the thermocouples from bottom to top from a bed layer at the bottom of the reactor; and hoisting the thermocouple, and connecting the thermocouple body flange with the reactor temperature port flange. Temperature measuring elements of a thermocouple in a bed layer on the upper part of the reactor are dispersed at an inlet of the inner wall of the reactor, are obliquely pulled to a vertical plate of a thermocouple bracket of a first model and are fixed by a bolt pressing sheet, and then are laid to a temperature measuring point along a first temperature measuring element fixing bracket; temperature measuring elements of a bed layer thermocouple at the bottom of the reactor are dispersed and fixed at an inlet of the inner wall of the reactor, the temperature measuring elements are laid to each temperature measuring point along the annular support and the cross-shaped support, and the temperature measuring elements are fixed on a second temperature measuring element fixing support by bolts; and (4) installing a thermocouple body junction box and a pressure gauge. The invention adopts multi-layer and multi-point installation of flexible thermocouples and has the characteristics of wide measurement range, stability and reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for installing a thermocouple, in particular to a method for installing a multi-point flexible thermocouple in a large-scale reactor.
Background
The armored sheath of the thermocouple for measuring the temperature of tower equipment in the petroleum cracking process is basically a rigid armored sheath straight pipe thermocouple, and one or more measuring points can be arranged in one thermocouple. However, the installation method of the multipoint flexible thermocouple has not been reported in the prior art. The multi-point flexible thermocouple (thermocouple for short) can be bent, and the probe of the thermocouple can be installed at each temperature measuring point of the reactor bed layer according to the process requirements, so that the temperature of the catalyst can be accurately measured in real time. Taking the electrical instrument installation project of a 220 ten thousand ton/year hydrocracking device in a constant-emission (welry) PMB petrochemical project as an example, the project is installed by a centralized two-building group electrical instrument installation project company Limited, temperature measuring points of catalyst beds of a hydrocracking reactor and a hydrofining reactor which are 2 main devices in the device measure the reaction temperature by adopting multi-point flexible thermocouples, and the existing thermocouple installation mode is not suitable for the project construction and needs to further improve the construction process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for installing a multi-point flexible thermocouple in a large-scale reactor, thereby at least improving the efficiency of field construction.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method of installing a multi-point flexible thermocouple in a large reactor, comprising:
step one, connecting a thermocouple with a temporary flange bracket;
the temporary flange support comprises a temporary flange matched with the thermocouple body flange, and one side of the temporary flange is connected with a channel steel for supporting an armored sheath at the tail end of the thermocouple; fixing a temporary flange on a thermocouple body flange, fixing an armored sheath of the thermocouple in a groove of channel steel by using a binding belt, and sequentially lifting the thermocouple to each mounting point frame platform;
step two, installing a thermocouple support;
the thermocouple support comprises a first type thermocouple support and a second type thermocouple support, the first type thermocouple support is arranged in one or more bed layers at the upper part of the reactor, and the second type thermocouple support is arranged in a bed layer at the bottom of the reactor;
the first type thermocouple support comprises a vertical plate, an angle steel support and a first temperature measuring element fixing support; the angle steel brackets are respectively fixed on the plurality of steel beams of the bed layer, the vertical plate is vertically fixed with the steel beams through the angle steel brackets, the first temperature-measuring element fixing brackets are fixedly connected to the side face of each steel beam, and all the first temperature-measuring element fixing brackets are kept at the same height;
the second type thermocouple support comprises an angle steel upright post, a cross support, an annular support and a second temperature measuring element fixing support; four angle steel upright posts are fixed on a bracket of the collector in the bed layer at the bottom, the top of each angle steel strut is connected with the middle part of a cross bracket, and an annular bracket is connected with four end parts of the cross bracket; a second temperature measuring element fixing support is fixed on the annular support and the cross-shaped support;
step three, installing a thermocouple; the thermocouples are sequentially installed from bottom to top from a bed layer at the bottom of the reactor;
step three- (1), hoisting;
completely hoisting the thermocouple away from the frame platform, hoisting the thermocouple into a thermometer port when the height of the thermocouple port of the reactor is reached, inserting the tail end of the thermocouple into a flange of the thermometer port, starting to remove the thermocouple armored sheath binding belt after the tail end of the thermocouple reaches the center of a reactor container, removing the temporary flange when the temporary flange reaches the thermometer port of the reactor, and connecting the thermocouple body flange with the reactor temperature port flange to finish the installation of the first thermocouple; installing the rest thermocouples according to the step;
step three- (2), fixing a thermocouple in the reactor;
fixing thermocouples in one or more beds at the upper part of the reactor: the temperature measuring elements are scattered at the inlet of the inner wall of the reactor, obliquely pulled to the vertical plate of the thermocouple bracket of the first type and fixed by a bolt pressing sheet, and then laid to the temperature measuring point along the first temperature measuring element fixing bracket;
fixing thermocouples in a bed layer at the bottom of the reactor: dispersing and fixing the temperature measuring elements at the inlet of the inner wall of the reactor, laying the temperature measuring elements at each temperature measuring point along the annular bracket and the cross bracket, and fixing the temperature measuring elements on the second temperature measuring element fixing bracket by using bolts;
and step four, installing a junction box of the thermocouple body and a pressure gauge.
Further, in the first step, a fan-shaped notch is formed in the disc surface of the temporary flange.
Further, in the first step, a tetrafluoro pad is arranged between the temporary flange and the thermocouple body flange.
Further, in the first step, the nylon rope is fixed at the rear half part of the thermocouple, the hoisting belt is fixed at the front end of the thermocouple, the front end of the thermocouple is hoisted by an electric hoist at the top of the reactor frame, the nylon rope at the rear end is manually pulled, the rear ends of the thermocouple are required to be kept at the same levelness during hoisting, and the thermocouple is sequentially hoisted to each mounting point platform.
Further, in the second step, the angle steel brackets are respectively welded on the middle steel beam and the two outermost beams.
Furthermore, in the second step, the first temperature measuring element fixing support is an L-shaped support, and the second temperature measuring element fixing support is a T-shaped support.
And further, in the third step, after welding of thermocouple supports of all beds in the reactor is completed and other preparation works are ready, when the thermocouples are hoisted, dividing the personnel into two groups, feeding the thermocouples into the reactor on an external frame of the reactor in one group, feeding the thermocouples into the beds in the reactor, which are required to be provided with the thermocouples in the other group, binding and disassembling the whole thermocouples after the armored sheath of the thermocouples enters the reactor, and separating and temporarily fixing the three bundles of the thermocouples which are bound in a split manner.
Further, in the third step, when the lifting hook of the crane reaches the platform of the reactor frame and extends outwards, the lifting hook of the outer hand chain block is hung on one of the hoisting belts, the lifting hook is gradually and forcefully lifted upwards, the lifting hook of the crane is gradually lowered till the hung thermocouple is completely released, the lifting hook of the hand chain block close to the temperature port of the reactor is gradually pulled towards the temperature port of the reactor, the outer hand chain block is gradually lowered forcefully, and 2 sets of hand chain blocks form an inverted triangle shape and gradually send the thermocouple into the reactor.
The method adopts a plurality of layers of flexible thermocouples which are arranged at multiple points, has the characteristics of wide measuring range and stable reliability, and is suitable for measuring the temperature of the inner bed layer of the hydrogenation refining reactor and the hydrocracking reactor.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a reactor according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a thermocouple distribution plot for the upper reactor of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a thermocouple distribution plot for the lower reactor of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a thermocouple according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a temporary flange bracket of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a second type thermocouple holder according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a thermocouple split view of the bottom bed.
FIG. 8 is a thermocouple split view of the upper bed.
In the figure, 1-thermocouple body, 2-temperature measuring element, 3-thermocouple body flange, 4-temporary flange, 5-channel steel, 6-vertical plate, 7-angle steel bracket, 8-first temperature measuring element fixing bracket, 9-steel beam, 10-angle steel upright post, 11-cross bracket, 12-annular bracket, 13-second temperature measuring element fixing bracket and 14-thermocouple installation position.
The solid circles in fig. 2 and 3 each indicate the thermocouple installation locations, and 24 in each of fig. 2 and 3.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, a more complete and complete description of the present invention is provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In addition, the features of the embodiments and examples in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
The exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a method for installing a multi-point flexible thermocouple in a large-scale reactor, in which a plurality of layers and a plurality of points are installed in the large-scale reactor as shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 4, the thermocouple comprises a thermocouple body 1 and a temperature measuring element 2 connected to the tail of the thermocouple body 1, and a flexible armored sheath is arranged outside the temperature measuring element 2.
The mounting method comprises the following steps.
Step one, connecting a thermocouple with a temporary flange bracket;
the temporary flange support comprises a temporary flange 4 matched with the thermocouple body flange 3, and one side of the temporary flange 4 is connected with a channel steel 5 for supporting an armored sheath at the tail end of the thermocouple; fixing a temporary flange 4 on a thermocouple body flange 3, fixing an armored sheath of a thermocouple in a groove of a channel steel 5 by using a binding belt, and sequentially lifting the thermocouple to each mounting point frame platform;
step two, installing a thermocouple support;
the thermocouple support comprises a first type thermocouple support and a second type thermocouple support, the first type thermocouple support is arranged in one or more bed layers at the upper part of the reactor, and the second type thermocouple support is arranged in the bed layer at the bottom of the reactor;
the first type thermocouple support comprises a vertical plate 6, an angle steel support 7 and a first temperature measuring element fixing support 8; the angle steel brackets 7 are respectively fixed on a plurality of steel beams 9 of the bed layer, the vertical plate 6 is vertically fixed with the steel beams 9 through the angle steel brackets 7, the first temperature measuring element fixing brackets 8 are fixedly connected to the side surface of each steel beam 9, and all the first temperature measuring element fixing brackets 8 are kept at the same height;
the second type thermocouple support comprises an angle steel upright post 10, a cross support 11, an annular support 12 and a second temperature measuring element fixing support 13; four angle steel upright posts 10 are fixed on a bracket of a collector in a bed layer at the bottom, the top of each angle steel upright post 10 is connected with the middle part of a cross bracket 11, and an annular bracket 12 is connected with four end parts of the cross bracket 11; a second temperature measuring element fixing bracket 13 is fixed on the annular bracket 12 and the cross bracket 11;
step three, installing a thermocouple; thermocouples are sequentially installed from the bottom to the top of a bed layer at the bottom of the reactor;
step three- (1), hoisting;
completely hanging the thermocouple away from the frame platform, hanging the thermocouple into a thermometer port when the height of the thermometer port of the reactor is reached, inserting the tail end of the thermocouple into a flange of the thermometer port, starting to remove a thermocouple armored sheath binding tape after the tail end of the thermocouple reaches the center of a reactor container, removing the temporary flange 4 when the temporary flange 4 reaches the thermometer port of the reactor, and connecting the thermocouple body flange 3 with the flange of the thermometer port of the reactor to finish the installation of a first thermocouple; installing the rest thermocouples according to the step;
step three- (2), fixing a thermocouple in the reactor;
fixation of thermocouples in one or more beds in the upper part of the reactor: the temperature measuring elements 2 are scattered at the inlet of the inner wall of the reactor, obliquely pulled to a vertical plate 6 of a thermocouple support of a first model and fixed by a bolt pressing sheet, and then the temperature measuring elements 2 are laid to temperature measuring points along a first temperature measuring element fixing support 8;
fixation of thermocouple in the bed layer at the bottom of the reactor: dispersing and fixing the temperature measuring elements 2 at the inlet of the inner wall of the reactor, laying the temperature measuring elements 2 at each temperature measuring point along the annular support 12 and the cross support 11, and fixing the temperature measuring elements 2 on the second temperature measuring element fixing support 13 by using bolts;
and step four, installing a junction box of the thermocouple body and a pressure gauge.
The technical solution and the technical effects claimed by the present invention will be further clearly and completely described by a relatively specific embodiment. In the embodiment, a multi-point flexible thermocouple (hereinafter referred to as a thermocouple for short) can be bent, and a probe of the thermocouple can be installed at each temperature measuring point of a reactor bed layer according to process requirements to accurately measure the temperature of the catalyst in real time. In this embodiment, the height of the tower reactor is 35 meters, and a total of 5 reaction beds need to be provided with multipoint flexible thermocouples, as shown in fig. 1, the reaction beds are respectively a first bed layer to a fifth bed layer from top to bottom, wherein the thermocouple installation manners of the first bed layer to the fourth bed layer are the same, and the thermocouple installation manner of the fifth bed layer is different from those of the rest bed layers. The multipoint flexible thermocouple consists of 24 temperature measuring elements, each element adopts a shell-type temperature measuring mode, the transmission efficiency of temperature is improved, the length of an armored sheath of each temperature measuring element is 6-11 meters, a position number and a serial number label are arranged on the outer side of the armored sheath before leaving a factory, the label needs to be detached before a catalyst is installed after the thermocouple is installed, the total weight of each thermocouple is about 300 kilograms, the armored sheath of each temperature measuring element of the thermocouple can be bent, and the minimum bending radius is 25mm.
After the top cover of the reactor is opened, a ladder is arranged from the top to the bottom of the reactor all the time, the ladder is a steel type hard ladder, the connection part between the ladders needs to be firm, and a falling protector is arranged at the top of the reactor; an exhaust fan and lighting equipment are required to be arranged at a discharge port at the bottom of the reactor and each bed layer provided with the thermocouple.
Temporary flange bracket
The temporary flange support is used for fixing the armored sheath when the thermocouple is hoisted so as to protect the welding port sealing position of the armored sheath from being broken due to external force. The temporary flange support comprises a temporary flange 4 matched with the thermocouple body flange 3, and one side of the temporary flange 4 is connected with a channel steel 5 used for supporting the thermocouple tail end armored sheath. Relatively specifically, the temporary flange support is composed of a temporary flange 4 and a No. 10 channel steel, the size of the temporary flange 4 is the same as that of the thermocouple body flange 3, a fan-shaped notch is formed in the disc surface of the temporary flange 4 by cutting off 1/4 part of the temporary flange during manufacturing, so that the temporary flange support can be detached conveniently, and the length of the channel steel is about 1.5 m.
Fixing a temporary flange bracket on a thermocouple body flange, adding a tetrafluoro pad between a temporary flange 4 and the thermocouple body flange 3 to protect the sealing surface of the body flange, disconnecting one side of the tetrafluoro pad, fixing an armored sheath of the thermocouple in a groove of a channel steel 5 by using a binding band, fixing a nylon rope at the rear half part of the thermocouple, fixing the hoisting band at the front end of the thermocouple, hoisting the front end of the thermocouple by using an electric hoist at the top of a reactor frame, manually pulling the nylon rope at the rear end, maintaining the rear ends of the thermocouple at the same levelness during hoisting, and sequentially hoisting the thermocouple to each mounting point platform.
Mounting of thermocouple support
1. Specification and model of thermocouple support
The thermocouple support is divided into two types, all support materials are made of AISI 347 delta =6mm cold-rolled steel plates, the surface of the support is subjected to sand blasting treatment and heat setting, the flatness error of the support is not more than 2 mm/m, the fasteners are 347 materials, the thermocouple support of the first bed layer to the fourth bed layer in the reactor is of the first type and mainly comprises 3690mm 180mm steel plates, 40 x 40 290mm angle steel supports, 40 x 415mm angle steel supports, 50mm x 60mm L-shaped supports 58 and a plurality of fasteners. The thermocouple support in the fifth bed layer is of a second type and mainly comprises 4 angle steel supports of 50 × 752mm, 10T-shaped supports of 300mm in length, 1 steel plate of 3048 × 120mm (length × width), 2 steel plates of 1521 × 120mm (length × width), 4 steel plates of 2392 × 120mm (length × width), 4 steel plates of 416 20mm (length × width) and a plurality of fasteners.
2. Thermocouple support welding material selection
Because the material of catalyst bed layer girder steel and export collector is 321, and the material of thermocouple support is 347, according to corresponding standard requirement, need adopt 347 welding wire argon arc welding when welding thermocouple support.
3. Installation of first type thermocouple support
The first type thermocouple support comprises a vertical plate 6, an angle steel support 7 and a first temperature measuring element fixing support 8; the angle steel brackets 7 are respectively fixed on a plurality of steel beams 9 of the bed layer, the vertical plate 6 is vertically fixed with the steel beams 9 through the angle steel brackets 7, the first temperature measuring element fixing brackets 8 are fixedly connected to the side surface of each steel beam 9, and all the first temperature measuring element fixing brackets 8 are kept at the same height;
all there is 6 girder steels 9 on every layer of catalyst bed, arranges for middle two girder steels 9 height the same, and other girder steels 9 decrease progressively towards both sides in proper order. Firstly, 4 angle steel supports 7 are fastened at the reserved holes of the vertical plate with the length of 3690mm through bolts, the angle steel supports 7 are welded on steel beams 9 of a catalyst bed layer according to positions A and C shown in figure 2, the angle steel supports 7 are respectively welded on the middle two steel beams 9 and the two steel beams 9 on the outermost side, the welding mode of the angle steel supports is 3-surface full welding, the distance between the bottom edge of the vertical plate 6 and the top of the middle two steel beams is required to be kept to be 20mm, and the distance between the bottom edge of the vertical plate 6 and the top of the two steel beams on the outermost side is 145mm.
After the vertical plate 6 is fixed, an L-shaped support serving as a first temperature measuring element fixing support 8 needs to be welded, the L-shaped support is welded at the position shown in figure 2, an ink fountain or a steel ruler is firstly used for routing at a steel beam of a catalyst bed layer, the distance between the height of the routing and the upper surface of a catalyst support net is determined to be 400mm according to the actual installation condition on site, the surface of the L-shaped support with a reserved hole is upward, all L-shaped supports are ensured to be at the same height, and the welding mode of the L-shaped supports is 3-surface full welding.
4. Mounting of second type thermocouple support
In order to avoid the displacement possibly generated by the impact of the process of filling the reactant on the thermocouple position, a bracket is additionally designed for the thermocouple of the fifth bed layer, the bracket is of the second type and is different from the thermocouple brackets of the first bed layer to the fourth bed layer, the thermocouple bracket of the second type is fixed on the outlet collector, a reserved bracket is arranged on the outlet collector, and if the position of the reserved bracket is not suitable, a new bracket needs to be manufactured and installed.
The second type thermocouple support comprises an angle steel upright post 10, a cross support 11, an annular support 12 and a second temperature measuring element fixing support 13; four angle steel upright posts 10 are fixed on a bracket of a collector in a bed layer at the bottom, the top of each angle steel upright post 10 is connected with the middle part of a cross bracket 11, and an annular bracket 12 is connected with four end parts of the cross bracket 11; and a second temperature measuring element fixing bracket 13 is fixed on the annular bracket 12 and the cross bracket 11.
Relatively specifically, firstly fixing 4 angle steel upright posts 10 on a support of an outlet collector, then installing the vertical face of a steel plate with the length of 3048mm according to the direction of 0-180 degrees in figure 3 and connecting the vertical face with angle steel by bolts, installing the vertical face of a steel plate with the length of 1521mm according to the direction of 90-270 degrees in figure 3 and connecting the vertical face with the angle steel upright posts 10 by bolts, finally fixing 4 steel plates with the length of 2392mm on a finished cross respectively and connecting and fixing the steel plates by bolts to form an annular support, wherein the finished pattern is shown in figure 6, and the distance between the upper surface of the annular support and the upper surface of the outlet collector is 362mm.
And preparing 10T-shaped supports as second temperature measuring element fixing supports, and vertically welding the linear ends of the 10T-shaped supports at the central positions of the outer ring steel plates of the annular supports according to the positions required by the process after the annular supports are installed, wherein the welding mode is four-side full welding.
Binding of thermocouple
And the armored sheaths of the thermocouples of the fifth bed layer are divided into three bundles according to the numbers selected from the boxes in the figure 7, the three bundles are bound, and finally the armored sheaths of the thermocouples of the other bed layers are bound integrally according to the three bundles selected from the boxes in the figure 8, and the binding requirements are firm and convenient to detach.
Preparing chain block, hoisting belt and hemp rope
2 chain blocks with the specification of 2 tons are prepared, 4 hoisting belts with the length of 2 meters and nylon ropes with the length of 10 meters are respectively hung at the positions 1 meter away from an installation opening of the equipment thermometer and at the positions 2 meters away from the installation opening of the equipment thermometer, and the height of a lifting hook of each chain block is equal to that of a thermometer flange opening of a reactor thermocouple.
Entering the crane
And (4) calculating according to parameters such as the height of the reactor, the weight of the thermocouple, the arm length of the crane and the like, selecting a 25-ton truck crane, and arranging the occupied space of the crane.
Mounting of a thermocouple
After the welding of thermocouple supports of each bed layer in the reactor is completed and other preparation works are ready, thermocouples are sequentially installed from bottom to top from a fifth bed layer at the bottom of the reactor in a centralized installation mode, personnel are divided into two groups, one group sends the thermocouples into the reactor on an external framework of the reactor, the other group enters the bed layer in the reactor, on which the thermocouples need to be installed, the thermocouple armored sheath enters the reactor, then the whole thermocouple is bound and disassembled, and the positions of the three bundles of thermocouple installation drawings which are bound in a split mode are separated and temporarily fixed.
Preparation before hoisting
Moving the thermocouple to the edge of a reactor frame, fixing 2 hoisting belts at the position of a pressure gauge port at the head end of the thermocouple, fixing a temporary flange support on a thermocouple body flange and fastening the temporary flange support by 4 sets of temporary bolts, adding a tetrafluoro pad between the temporary flange 4 and the thermocouple body flange 3, fixing an armored sheath of the thermocouple in a channel steel behind the flange support by using a binding belt, paving a sponge layer in the channel steel, and fixing the armored sheath of the thermocouple by using a nylon rope at a position which is 1.5 meters away from the tail end of the channel steel; arranging experiential field standby of a crane worker; arranging related personnel to enter a bed layer provided with a thermocouple in the reactor to stand by and carry corresponding communication equipment and a gas detector; selecting an installation path of the thermocouple, and removing a guardrail on the installation path; and preparing a scaffold, wherein the height of the scaffold is 500mm lower than the flange opening of the thermocouple body of the reactor.
Hoisting device
2 hoisting belts on the thermocouple are all fixed on a crane hook by a crane worker to hoist, 2 persons are arranged to wait on the upper frame platform, the outside personnel of the reactor frame erect the thermocouple and pull the thermocouple backwards with force slightly, the moving speed of the thermocouple is reduced, and when the thermocouple is about to be hoisted away from the steel structure frame of the reactor, the personnel on the upper frame platform begin to hoist the tail end of the thermocouple by a rope, so that the front and the back of the thermocouple are ensured to be in the same levelness.
When the thermocouple is completely lifted off the frame platform and reaches the height of a thermometer port of the reactor body, slowly lifting the thermocouple into the thermometer port, inserting the tail end of the thermocouple into a flange of the thermometer port, sleeving a formal gasket on the thermocouple before the thermocouple enters the thermometer port, starting personnel in the reactor to answer the entry of the thermocouple, starting to remove a thermocouple binding tape after the tail end of the thermocouple reaches the center of a reactor container, and separating and temporarily fixing the thermocouple according to the originally divided three bundles after confirming the position number of the thermocouple; and when the lifting hook of the crane reaches the platform of the reactor frame and extends outwards, hanging the lifting hook of the outer chain block on one of the lifting belts, gradually and forcefully lifting the lifting belt upwards, gradually lowering the lifting hook of the crane until the hung thermocouple is completely released, then hanging the lifting hook of the chain block close to the temperature port of the reactor on the other lifting belt of the thermocouple, gradually drawing the lifting hook towards the temperature port of the reactor, gradually lowering the outer chain block loosely, and gradually feeding the thermocouple into the reactor by using 2 sets of chain blocks in an inverted triangle shape. And (3) when the temporary flange 4 reaches a thermometer port on the reactor, detaching the temporary flange, penetrating a formal stud coated with a high-temperature-resistant seaming agent into a thermometer port flange of the reactor, fixing a screw cap at one end close to the reactor, when the stud completely penetrates the thermocouple body flange 3 and the reactor temperature port flange, quickly screwing the rest screw caps into the studs, completing the installation of the first thermocouple, moving personnel and equipment inside and outside the reactor to the installation position of the second thermocouple, completing the installation of the second thermocouple by the steps of installation, installing the rest thermocouples according to the steps, and arranging personnel to completely fasten the bolts of the thermocouples after the thermocouples are completely installed.
Fixing of a thermocouple in a reactor
1. Fixing of a thermocouple in a reactor
The lengths of the 24 temperature measuring elements of the thermocouple are different and have no margin, the laying path of the temperature measuring elements and the bending radian of the armored sheath need to be planned in advance before installation, the temperature measuring elements can be laid from a temperature measuring point to a temperature inlet one by one, and the temperature measuring point needs to be ensured to meet the position designed on the second drawing of the accessory. According to the requirement of manufacturer's operation instruction, firstly installing the thermocouple of one bed layer, and only after the acceptance of the related personnel such as the waiter and UOP (patent product package), the installation of the thermocouple of the next bed layer can be carried out.
(1) Installation of temperature measuring elements of first to fourth beds (figure 2)
The temperature measuring element 2 is scattered at the inlet of the inner wall of the reactor and is directly obliquely pulled to the upright plate 6 with the thickness of 3690mm and is fixed by a bolt pressing sheet, then the temperature measuring element 2 is laid to a temperature measuring point along a welded L-shaped support, the distance between the temperature measuring point and the upper surface of the catalyst support grid is 300mm, and the distance between the L-shaped support and the upper surface of the grid is 400mm, so that the temperature measuring element is required to be bent downwards by 100mm when laid to the temperature measuring point.
(2) Mounting of temperature measuring element of fifth bed (fig. 3)
The temperature measuring elements 2 are scattered at the inlet of the inner wall of the reactor and are fixed by 416 x 20mm (length x width) steel plates, a certain distance is ensured between every two temperature measuring elements, so that the phenomenon that the reaction medium forms channeling after the temperature measuring elements are installed to influence the product property is avoided, the temperature measuring elements are laid to all temperature measuring points along the annular support 12 and the cross support 11, the temperature measuring elements 3 are fixed on the T-shaped support through bolts, the temperature measuring elements are bent upwards to the height of 300mm at all the temperature measuring points, the bending radius of the temperature measuring probe is kept to be about 50mm in the vertical direction of 90 degrees.
Installation of thermocouple body junction box and pressure gauge
Install junction box and manometer on the thermocouple body, before the manometer installation, need the shutoff manometer mouth, prevent that the rainwater from getting into the airtight intracavity of thermocouple.
Testing after completion of thermocouple installation
After the thermocouples are installed and wiring is finished, heating each temperature measuring probe of the thermocouple by using heating equipment in the reactor, and observing and recording the temperature change curve of each thermocouple on a DCS configuration picture of a control room.
The scope of the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art, and any modifications, improvements and equivalents within the spirit and principle of the invention should be included in the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for installing a multi-point flexible thermocouple in a large-scale reactor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, connecting a thermocouple with a temporary flange bracket;
the temporary flange support comprises a temporary flange matched with the thermocouple body flange, and one side of the temporary flange is connected with a channel steel for supporting an armored sheath at the tail end of the thermocouple; fixing a temporary flange on a thermocouple body flange, fixing an armored sheath of the thermocouple in a groove of channel steel by using a binding belt, and sequentially lifting the thermocouple to each mounting point frame platform;
step two, installing a thermocouple support;
the thermocouple support comprises a first type thermocouple support and a second type thermocouple support, the first type thermocouple support is arranged in one or more bed layers at the upper part of the reactor, and the second type thermocouple support is arranged in a bed layer at the bottom of the reactor;
the first type thermocouple support comprises a vertical plate, an angle steel support and a first temperature measuring element fixing support; the angle steel brackets are respectively fixed on a plurality of steel beams of the bed layer, the vertical plate is vertically fixed with the steel beams through the angle steel brackets, the first temperature measuring element fixing brackets are fixedly connected to the side face of each steel beam, and all the first temperature measuring element fixing brackets are kept at the same height;
the second type thermocouple support comprises an angle steel upright post, a cross support, an annular support and a second temperature measuring element fixing support; four angle steel upright posts are fixed on a bracket of the collector in the bed layer at the bottom, the top of each angle steel strut is connected with the middle part of a cross bracket, and an annular bracket is connected with four end parts of the cross bracket; a second temperature measuring element fixing support is fixed on the annular support and the cross-shaped support;
step three, installing a thermocouple; the thermocouples are sequentially installed from bottom to top from a bed layer at the bottom of the reactor;
step three- (1), hoisting;
completely hoisting the thermocouple away from the frame platform, hoisting the thermocouple into a thermometer port when the height of the thermocouple port of the reactor is reached, inserting the tail end of the thermocouple into a flange of the thermometer port, starting to remove the thermocouple armored sheath binding belt after the tail end of the thermocouple reaches the center of a reactor container, removing the temporary flange when the temporary flange reaches the thermometer port of the reactor, and connecting the thermocouple body flange with the reactor temperature port flange to finish the installation of the first thermocouple; installing the rest thermocouples according to the step;
step three- (2), fixing a thermocouple in the reactor;
fixation of thermocouples in one or more beds in the upper part of the reactor: the temperature measuring elements are dispersed at the inlet of the inner wall of the reactor, obliquely pulled to the vertical plate of the thermocouple bracket of the first type and fixed by a bolt pressing sheet, and then laid to the temperature measuring point along the first temperature measuring element fixing bracket;
fixation of thermocouple in the bed layer at the bottom of the reactor: dispersing and fixing the temperature measuring elements at the inlet of the inner wall of the reactor, laying the temperature measuring elements at each temperature measuring point along the annular bracket and the cross bracket, and fixing the temperature measuring elements on a second temperature measuring element fixing bracket by using bolts;
and step four, installing a junction box of the thermocouple body and a pressure gauge.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the first step, a fan-shaped notch is formed in the disc surface of the temporary flange.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein: in the first step, a tetrafluoro pad is arranged between the temporary flange and the thermocouple body flange.
4. A method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: in the first step, a nylon rope is fixed at the rear half part of a thermocouple, a hoisting belt is fixed at the front end of the thermocouple, the front end of the thermocouple is hoisted by an electric hoist at the top of a reactor frame, the nylon rope at the rear end is manually pulled, the rear ends of the thermocouple are kept at the same levelness during hoisting, and the thermocouple is sequentially hoisted to each mounting point platform.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: and in the second step, the angle steel brackets are respectively welded on the middle steel beam and the two outermost beams.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: in the second step, the first temperature measuring element fixing support is an L-shaped support, and the second temperature measuring element fixing support is a T-shaped support.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein: in the third step, after the welding of thermocouple supports of each bed layer in the reactor is completed and other preparation works are ready, when the thermocouples are hoisted, the personnel are divided into two groups, one group sends the thermocouples into the reactor on an external framework of the reactor, the other group enters the bed layer in the reactor, the thermocouples need to be installed, the whole thermocouple is bound and disassembled after the thermocouple armored sheath enters the reactor, and the three bundles of the thermocouples which are bound in a split manner are separated and temporarily fixed.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: and in the third step, when the lifting hook of the crane reaches the platform of the reactor frame and extends outwards, hanging the lifting hook of the outer chain block on one of the lifting belts, gradually and forcefully lifting upwards, gradually lowering the lifting hook of the crane until the lifted thermocouple is completely released, then hanging the other lifting belt of the thermocouple by the lifting hook of the chain block close to the temperature port of the reactor, gradually drawing the lifting belt close to the temperature port of the reactor, gradually lowering the outer chain block with loose force, and gradually feeding the thermocouple into the reactor by 2 sets of chain blocks in an inverted triangle shape.
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| CN209247188U (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2019-08-13 | Wika亚历山大·威甘德欧洲股份两合公司 | Thermocouple structure and structure for fixing thermocouple in a reservoir |
| CN115479682A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2022-12-16 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Installation method of high-voltage multipoint flexible thermocouple |
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