CN112629633B - Multifunctional wheel-load test bed weighing unit - Google Patents
Multifunctional wheel-load test bed weighing unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN112629633B CN112629633B CN202110002535.2A CN202110002535A CN112629633B CN 112629633 B CN112629633 B CN 112629633B CN 202110002535 A CN202110002535 A CN 202110002535A CN 112629633 B CN112629633 B CN 112629633B
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- weighing
- rail
- concave spherical
- test bed
- wedge
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01G—WEIGHING
- G01G19/00—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups
- G01G19/02—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for weighing wheeled or rolling bodies, e.g. vehicles
- G01G19/04—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for weighing wheeled or rolling bodies, e.g. vehicles for weighing railway vehicles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01G—WEIGHING
- G01G21/00—Details of weighing apparatus
- G01G21/22—Weigh pans or other weighing receptacles; Weighing platforms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01G—WEIGHING
- G01G21/00—Details of weighing apparatus
- G01G21/23—Support or suspension of weighing platforms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/08—Railway vehicles
Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional wheel-load test bed weighing unit. The weighing unit comprises a lifting device, a weighing platform supporting device arranged on the lifting device, a weighing rail arranged above the weighing platform supporting device, and a weighing sensor used for weighing the weighing rail; a height adjusting fixing device is arranged between the weighing platform supporting device and the weighing rail; the height adjusting and fixing device comprises a supporting block, two wedge blocks and a driving mechanism for driving the two wedge blocks to be separated and folded; the two wedge blocks drive the supporting block to jack up the weighing rail when being folded, and the weighing rail moves downwards to be in contact with the weighing sensor when the two wedge blocks are separated. The invention improves the test efficiency, reduces the labor intensity and reduces the influence on the test and the test bed measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multifunctional wheel-load test bed weighing unit, and belongs to the field of railway auxiliary test devices.
Background
The multifunctional wheel load test bed is a comprehensive test bed for carrying out whole vehicle weighing (realized by measuring wheel weight), bogie balance test, wheel weight load reduction test, flexibility coefficient test and other rail vehicle related tests on rail vehicles with different track gauges and different wheel bases. The test bed can adjust the wheel base, the track base and the height of the single weighing platform to meet various test requirements of different vehicles. When the weighing, balancing and wheel weight load reduction tests of the whole rail vehicle are carried out, the weighing platform of the test bed measures the wheel weight of the rail vehicle and calculates the wheel weight, axle weight deviation, wheel weight load reduction rate and the like. When the flexibility coefficient test is carried out, one side of the test bed needs to be greatly lifted, and the weighing is not needed at the moment.
In order to protect the weighing unit of the test bed, prevent the damage influence of the overlarge unbalance loading weighing sensor and ensure the safety of the experiment, the weighing sensor of the test bed is expected to be ineffective when the flexibility coefficient test is carried out. The device for switching the working state conveniently and objectively needs to realize floating limit during weighing related tests and fixed support bearing constraint of a weighing rail during flexibility coefficient tests.
The existing solution is to carry out floating support during weighing, so that the vertical acting force of the wheel rail is transmitted to the sensor to carry out weight measurement, and when the flexibility coefficient test is carried out, the peripheral floating constraint tool is removed and replaced by a vertical support tool, so that the weighing rail is lifted up and separated from the weighing sensor. This method is cumbersome and time consuming, and frequent disassembly and assembly results in damage to the fixing threaded hole.
When the weighing related wheel load, balance, load shedding rate tests and other relation weighing tests are carried out, the spherical limiting tool is adopted to carry out horizontal, longitudinal and vertical restraint, so that the weighing platform is in a floating/moving state in a certain range, and the wheel load is conveniently measured. And when the flexibility coefficient test is carried out, wheels on one side of the whole vehicle are all lifted to 200mm (max), large side unbalance load exists, and the side unbalance load may exceed the measurement range of the sensor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of frequent disassembly, assembly and fixation and reliable constraint and limit guarantee when a test bed performs a flexibility coefficient test, the invention aims to provide a multifunctional wheel-load test bed weighing unit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a multifunctional wheel-load test bed weighing unit is used for supporting and limiting a weighing platform of the weighing platform unit, a weighing rail arranged above a supporting device on the weighing platform and a weighing sensor used for weighing the weighing rail; the structure is characterized in that a height adjusting fixing device is arranged between the weighing platform supporting device and the weighing rail;
the height adjusting and fixing device comprises a supporting block, two wedge blocks and a driving mechanism for driving the two wedge blocks to be separated and folded; the two wedge blocks drive the supporting block to jack up the weighing rail when being folded, and the weighing rail moves downwards to be in contact with the weighing sensor when the two wedge blocks are separated.
The weighing unit is attached to a multifunctional wheel load test bed, comprises a lifting device, a weighing platform supporting device, a laterally adjustable limiting device and the like, and is a lifting and laterally adjustable limiting device free of disassembly.
The comprehensive positioning device solves the contradiction between the floating constraint requirement of the traditional weighing platform during weighing and the fixed constraint conflict of the traditional weighing platform during vehicle flexibility coefficient test, can switch through a mechanical device with simple device, and reduces the complexity of assembling and disassembling the limiting device and the low efficiency of secondary installation and adjustment.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the invention can be further optimized, and the following is the technical scheme formed after optimization:
preferably, the drive mechanism is a double-ended screw.
In one preferred embodiment, the bottom of the weighing rail is provided with a floating ball limiting device, so that the weighing platform is not restrained in the horizontal direction when being weighed; the floating ball limiting device comprises a first concave spherical surface body positioned at the bottom of the weighing rail, a fixed support is arranged on the outer side of the first concave spherical surface body, an adjusting screw rod is arranged on the fixed support, and a second concave spherical surface body is arranged at the inner end of the adjusting screw rod; a floating ball is arranged between the first concave spherical surface body and the second concave spherical surface body.
Therefore, the floating positioning function of the weighing unit and the limiting and restricting function of the weighing rail under the flexibility coefficient test working condition are integrated in a limited space, and the weighing device is light in structure and small in size. Easy to operate and use.
In one preferred embodiment, the number of the adjusting screws is 8.
In one preferred embodiment, the wedge has an inclination angle α < arctg μ, μ being the contact surface friction coefficient.
In one preferred embodiment, the wedge faces of the wedges have a difference in height of 1.5mm to 4mm. Preferably 2mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the flexible switching device can realize flexible switching between the floating support required by the retest function of the test bench scale and the fixed constraint required by the flexibility coefficient test, avoids complex work such as disassembling and replacing the tool back and forth, reduces labor intensity, improves labor efficiency, ensures the stability of the measurement of the scale and improves safety. The requirements of different functions of the test bed are met. The simple operation and the safety protection of the weighing unit sensor and the test are provided for the experiment table to the maximum extent.
The positioning device has compact design and good process performance, and does not influence the function of the test bed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a weighing cell according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a view in direction a of fig. 3 rotated 90.
In the figure
1-weighing rail; 2-locking the nut; 3-a weighing platform supporting device; 4-a servo motor; 5-a lifting device; 6-a speed reducer; 7-a weighing sensor; 8-fixing a bracket; 9-adjusting the screw rod; 10-wedge block; 11-double-ended screw; 13-a support block; 14-a lock nut; 15-a floating ball; 16-a second concave spherical body; 17-a first concave spherical body.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict. For convenience of description, the words "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" in the following description are used only to indicate the correspondence between the upper, lower, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure.
A multifunctional wheel-mounted test bed weighing unit is shown in figure 1 and comprises a lifting device 5, a weighing platform supporting device 3 arranged on the lifting device 5, a weighing rail 1 arranged above the weighing platform supporting device 3, and a weighing sensor 7 used for weighing the weighing rail 1. And a height adjusting fixing device is arranged between the weighing platform supporting device 3 and the weighing rail 1.
When weighing is carried out, the weighing rail 1 drives the lifting device 5 to carry out height adjustment on the servo motor 4, so that the weighing rail is lifted to a reference plane to carry out weighing (12 groups of the unit are arranged on a test bed), and similarly, if a flexibility coefficient test is carried out, the weighing rail on one side is lifted to a certain height in the same transmission mode. The lifting device 5 is preferably a screw lift.
When weighing, the concrete scheme of floater stop device is: the floating ball limiting device comprises a first concave spherical surface body 17 positioned at the bottom of the weighing rail 1, a fixed support 8 is arranged on the outer side of the first concave spherical surface body 17, an adjusting screw 9 is mounted on the fixed support 8, and a second concave spherical surface body 16 is arranged at the inner end of the adjusting screw 9; a floating ball 15 is arranged between the first concave spherical body 17 and the second concave spherical body 16.
When the weighing rail works, the floating ball is restrained to slightly press the side face of the lower part block of the weighing rail 1 through clockwise rotation of the manual horizontal adjusting screw rod 9, and the manual pressing is only needed, and all the horizontal adjusting screw rods (42 CrMo) adopt the same operation method. Then, the counter-clockwise adjustment for 1/2 of a turn (using M24X 1 threads) gives a clearance of about 0.5mm, which is also the clearance reduction that results from the vertical deformation of the sensor that causes the platform to drop. The locking nut 2 at the outer side is locked by a wrench, and the horizontal adjusting screw 9 is fixed. Therefore, the weighing platform is not restrained in the horizontal direction within a certain range and is in a relatively free state during weighing, and the weighing accuracy is guaranteed. The floating ball is designed as shown in fig. 1-3, and is composed of a floating ball 15 with S20mm and hardness about HRC62 and two concave spherical bodies (a first concave spherical body 17 and a second concave spherical body 16) with the diameter about S30 (hardness HRC 58-60). Wherein the second concave spherical body 16 is provided integrally with the adjusting screw 9. The floating ball 15 is typically a steel ball.
The specific scheme for adjusting and fixing the height of the weighing rail comprises the following steps: the height adjusting and fixing device for the weighing rails mainly comprises a double-headed screw 11 (T24 multiplied by 1) capable of rotating left and right, a supporting block 13 and two wedges 10, wherein the two wedges 10 can be separated and combined, and the left and right wedges 10 are folded when the screw 11 rotates clockwise. When the two wedges 10 are closed, the supporting block 13 rises to jack up the weighing rail 1, so that the weighing rail 1 is separated from the weighing sensor 7, and a flexibility coefficient test can be carried out. It should be noted that, in the design, it is necessary to ensure that the wedge 10 is self-locked under the action of gravity, so it is necessary to satisfy the following conditions: the inclination angle alpha is less than arctg mu, and mu is the friction coefficient of the contact surface. Thus, under the action of a vertical load, the wedge block 10 can meet the sliding friction force of the support weight, and ensure reliable support, so that the vertical additional displacement caused by the load borne by the screw rod is avoided. On the contrary, when the screw 11 rotates anticlockwise, the left wedge 10 and the right wedge 10 of the wedge 10 are separated under the action of gravity, the supporting block 13 descends, and the weighing rail 1 falls on the weighing sensor 7, so that tests such as weighing, wheel weight load shedding, balance and the like can be performed.
When the weighing, wheel loading, balance and other related tests are carried out, the height adjusting screw 11 is rotated anticlockwise, the descending weighing rail 1 falls on the weighing sensor 7, the reticle at the descending position on the adjusting wedge 10 is displayed, the exposed reticle is the reticle which is descended to the right position, and the reticle does not need to be descended again. At this moment, the weighing sensor 7 is connected and contacted with the weighing rail 1, and the weighing rail 1 is in a floating state, so that accurate weighing can be carried out. The screw 11 is preferably an M24 × 1 double-threaded screw, and the threads on both sides are left-handed and right-handed respectively, and can drive the wedge to move towards the outside or the inside simultaneously when rotating in the same direction.
When a flexibility coefficient test is carried out, the adjusting screw rod 11 is rotated clockwise to drive the jacking wedge block 10 to enable the supporting block 13 to be in contact with the weighing rail 1 and to be limited to lift by 2mm, only two wedge blocks are folded, the judgment is simple and convenient, the weighing sensor 7 of the test bed weighing sensor can be ensured not to be stressed vertically (according to calculation and actual measurement) when the maximum load is carried, the deformation of the weighing sensor is less than 1mm, the lifting amount is set according to the limit weighing load of the test bed, and the setting of the value can be influenced by different maximum loads and sensor forms. It should be noted that the value should be set with reference to the deformation setting of the sensor, on the one hand to ensure that the sensor is not stressed under the action of the limit load, and on the other hand to ensure that the workload is as small as possible. In order to facilitate observation of the position of the lifting wedge block, limit marking lines are arranged on the side face of the wedge block so as to facilitate observation of the position of the wedge block and prevent the lead screw from being damaged due to excessive force.
The weighing unit of this embodiment has improved test efficiency, has reduced intensity of labour and has reduced the influence to test and test bench measurement.
The above-described embodiments are set forth so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will not be limited by any theory presented in the preceding claims, which may suggest themselves to those skilled in the art after reading this disclosure and all equivalents thereof that fall within the scope of the invention as defined in the claims appended hereto.
Claims (5)
1. A multifunctional wheel-load test bed weighing unit comprises a lifting device, a weighing platform supporting device (3) arranged on the lifting device, a weighing rail (1) arranged above the weighing platform supporting device (3), and a weighing sensor (7) used for weighing the weighing rail (1); the device is characterized in that a height adjusting fixing device is arranged between the weighing platform supporting device (3) and the weighing rail (1);
the height adjusting fixing device comprises a supporting block (13), two wedges (10) and a driving mechanism for driving the two wedges (10) to be separated and folded; when the two wedges (10) are folded, the supporting block (13) is driven to jack up the weighing rail (1) upwards, and when the two wedges (10) are separated, the weighing rail (1) moves downwards to be in contact with the weighing sensor (7);
the bottom of the weighing rail (1) is provided with a floating ball limiting device, so that the weighing platform is not restricted in the horizontal direction during weighing; the floating ball limiting device comprises a first concave spherical surface body (17) positioned at the bottom of the weighing rail (1), a fixed support (8) is arranged on the outer side of the first concave spherical surface body (17), an adjusting screw rod (9) is arranged on the fixed support (8), and a second concave spherical surface body (16) is arranged at the inner end of the adjusting screw rod (9); a floating ball (15) is arranged between the first concave spherical body (17) and the second concave spherical body (16).
2. A multifunctional wheel-load bench weighing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the driving mechanism is a double-headed screw (11).
3. The multifunctional wheel-load test bed weighing unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the adjusting screws (9) is 8.
4. A multifunctional wheel-load bench weighing unit according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the inclination angle α < arctg μ of the wedge (10), μ being the contact surface friction coefficient.
5. A multifunctional wheel-load bench weighing unit according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the wedge-face height difference of the wedge (10) is 1.5-4 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110002535.2A CN112629633B (en) | 2021-01-04 | 2021-01-04 | Multifunctional wheel-load test bed weighing unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110002535.2A CN112629633B (en) | 2021-01-04 | 2021-01-04 | Multifunctional wheel-load test bed weighing unit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112629633A CN112629633A (en) | 2021-04-09 |
| CN112629633B true CN112629633B (en) | 2022-10-14 |
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| CN202110002535.2A Active CN112629633B (en) | 2021-01-04 | 2021-01-04 | Multifunctional wheel-load test bed weighing unit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN205343856U (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-06-29 | 广东日星机械科技有限公司 | Tyre rim inspection machine drum |
| KR101918095B1 (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-11-15 | 한국철도기술연구원 | Suspension equipment for reducing wheel unloading of railway vehicle wheel |
| CN208606875U (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2019-03-15 | 长春市开得科贸有限公司 | A kind of wheel unloading multi-function test stand |
| CN208953115U (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-06-07 | 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 | Wheel load testing stand load calibration device |
| CN110629605A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2019-12-31 | 上海振华重工(集团)股份有限公司 | Track adjusting device |
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