CN112628769A

CN112628769A - Closed ground torch system

Info

Publication number: CN112628769A
Application number: CN201910948568.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张杰东; 党文义; 刘迪; 于安峰; 王建伟; 张云燕
Original assignee: China Petroleum and Chemical Corp; Sinopec Qingdao Safety Engineering Institute
Current assignee: Sinopec National Petrochemical Project Risk Assessment Technology Center Co ltd; Sinopec Safety Engineering Research Institute Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-08
Filing date: 2019-10-08
Publication date: 2021-04-09
Anticipated expiration: 2039-10-08
Also published as: CN112628769B

Abstract

The invention discloses a closed ground flare system, which comprises a flare barrel and burners arranged in the flare barrel, and is characterized in that the burners are annularly distributed along the inner wall of the bottom of the flare barrel, and the nozzle direction of each burner faces to the center of the flare barrel; one side of the burner is provided with an ignition pilot burner; the ground flare system disclosed by the invention has the advantages of low burning flame height, high burnout rate, low investment cost and the like, and is suitable for safe, efficient and environment-friendly burning treatment of large-flow flare gas.

Description

Closed ground torch system

Technical Field

The invention relates to a ground torch, in particular to a closed ground torch system.

Background

The torch system is an important safety facility for the refining enterprise, and the safe and stable operation of the torch system is of great significance to the safe production of the enterprise. The main function of the flare system is to burn and treat hydrocarbon flare gas discharged by each device under the conditions of start-up and shutdown and abnormal working conditions. The torches can be divided into elevated torches and ground torches according to whether the burners are far from the ground, and the ground torches are divided into closed ground torches and open ground torches.

The existing enclosed ground torch is a cylindrical structure, and is composed of a combustion chamber body, a combustion chamber support, a burner and a combustion chamber windproof silencing wall, and is provided with a pilot burner and an ignition system. In order to realize the staged combustion, the ground flare combustor is arranged in stages. The enclosed ground torch gradually receives attention of enterprises and increasingly widely applied due to the advantages of high combustion efficiency, small fireproof distance, no light pollution, easiness in inspection and maintenance and the like.

Along with the trend of large-scale development of refining and chemical devices, the discharge amount of the devices is continuously increased, the discharge amount requirement of the closed ground flare is also gradually increased, and the size of the closed ground flare is also continuously increased. For a 100t/h throughput closed ground flare, the barrel diameter is typically 10-15m and the height is 30-40 m. With the increase of the treatment capacity of the enclosed flare, new challenges are brought to the design and manufacture of the enclosed ground flare.

At present, closed ground torch combustor distributes in the bottom of barrel inner space, and burning flame upwards sprays, and along with the increase of closed ground torch handling capacity, its problem that exists has:

(1) when large-flow flare gas is treated, the number of ground flare burners needs to be increased, and the burners are subjected to multi-point concentrated combustion to cause higher flame height. In order to ensure that the flame is inside the ground torch barrel and reduce the heat radiation of the ground torch to the outside, the height of the barrel needs to be increased, so that the investment cost is greatly increased, and meanwhile, a barrel structure with the height of dozens of meters brings great safety risk.

(2) Along with the increase of the treatment capacity of the closed ground flare, the number of the burners is increased, the diameter of the cylinder is increased, the air distribution of the burner in the central part of the cylinder is insufficient, the combustion efficiency of the flare burner is low, and the emission of unburned pollutants is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a closed ground flare system, so as to achieve the purposes of improving the flare combustion efficiency, reducing the height of flame, saving the investment cost and realizing safe, efficient and environment-friendly treatment of large-flow flare gas.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a closed ground flare system comprises a flare barrel and burners arranged in the flare barrel, wherein the burners are annularly distributed along the inner wall of the bottom of the flare barrel, and the nozzle direction of each burner faces to the center of the flare barrel; one side of the burner is provided with an ignition pilot burner; and the torch barrel is provided with an air inlet at the position of the burner and the ignition pilot burner.

In the scheme, the plurality of burners are arranged on one burner branch pipe, and the burner branch pipes are annularly distributed along the inner wall of the bottom of the torch barrel.

In the above scheme, the burners are arranged up and down along the radial direction on the burner branch pipes.

In the above scheme, the flare system further comprises a flare gas main pipe, a flare gas collecting pipe and each grading pipeline, wherein the flare gas main pipe is connected with each grading pipeline through the flare gas collecting pipe, and each grading pipeline is connected with the plurality of burner branch pipes through parallel branch pipelines respectively.

In the scheme, the top of the torch cylinder is provided with an opening, and the bottom of the torch cylinder is located on the ground.

In the above scheme, one end of the burner branch pipe is fixed on the ground, and the branch pipeline is connected to the other end or any middle position of the burner branch pipe.

In the scheme, the included angle of the connecting line between the adjacent two burner branch pipes and the center of the torch barrel is 10-30 degrees.

In the scheme, the ratio of the height to the diameter of the torch cylinder is 1.5-2.5.

In the scheme, the width of the air inlet is 3 times of the diameter of a single combustor, and the height of the air inlet is larger than the length of the combustor branch pipe.

In a further technical scheme, the ignition pilot burner is arranged on the ground at the bottom of the torch barrel.

In the scheme, the inner wall of the torch cylinder body is provided with the fire-resistant layer.

In a further technical scheme, the refractory layer is made of a ceramic fiber material.

In the scheme, the torch barrel is made of carbon steel or stainless steel.

In the scheme, a plurality of nozzles are distributed on each combustor.

Through the technical scheme, the working principle of the closed ground flare system provided by the invention is as follows: when the flare gas is discharged, the flare gas is distributed on each grading pipeline after passing through the flare gas main pipe and the flare gas collecting pipe, then enters a branch pipeline at the tail end of each grading pipeline, and finally enters a combustor for combustion treatment. The gas injection direction of the burner is vertical to the torch cylinder and faces to the central position of the torch cylinder, so that the flame height is greatly reduced; due to the chimney effect of the flare barrel, air continuously enters the interior of the flare barrel from the air inlet. The air needed for combustion of the flare gas comes mostly from the air inlet, and the other part comes from the inner space of the flare barrel body.

After the torch gas is sprayed out through a burner nozzle on the burner branch pipe, the torch gas is ignited by the ignition pilot burner and then is subjected to combustion treatment. Each burner branch pipe is provided with an ignition pilot lamp for igniting the burner on the burner branch pipe. The design has refractory material on the barrel inner wall, prevents that the high temperature that the flare gas burning produced from destroying the tube structure, is used for reducing the noise that the flare gas burning produced simultaneously.

Compared with the prior art, the closed ground flare system has the advantages of high combustion efficiency, low barrel height, low investment cost and the like, and is more suitable for closed combustion treatment of large-flow flare gas.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below.

FIG. 1 is a top view of a closed ground flare system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a torch cartridge disclosed in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a partial front view of a burner manifold according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a side view of a portion of a burner leg according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a flare gas main pipe; 2. a flare gas manifold; 3. each grading pipeline; 4. a torch cylinder; 5. a refractory layer; 6. a burner manifold; 7. a burner; 8. a branch pipeline; 9. a control valve; 10. igniting the pilot burner; 11. and an air inlet.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

The invention provides a closed ground flare system, which has the structure shown in figure 1, reduces the flame length of a burner, improves the combustion efficiency of the burner, reduces the barrel height in a side combustion mode of the burner, optimizes the flare barrel structure, and has unique advantages when large-flow flare gas is treated.

The enclosed ground flare system shown in fig. 1 comprises a flare gas main pipe 1, a flare gas collecting pipe 2, grading pipelines 3 and a flare cylinder 4, wherein the top of the flare cylinder 4 is opened, and the flare cylinder 4 is made of carbon steel or stainless steel and used for constructing a flare gas combustion chamber. Because the nozzle direction of the burner 7 faces the center of the torch barrel 4, the flame length is larger than the flame height, and the ratio of the height to the diameter of the torch barrel 4 is 1.5-2.5, the flame is ensured not to emerge out of the torch barrel 4, and the heat radiation of the burning to the outside is reduced. The inner wall of the torch barrel 4 is provided with a flame retardant coating 5 made of ceramic fiber materials, so that the barrel structure is prevented from being damaged by high temperature generated by combustion of torch gas. Meanwhile, the flame retardant coating 5 constructed by the ceramic fiber material can play a role in reducing the combustion noise of the torch.

The flare gas header pipe 1 is connected with each grading pipeline 3 through a flare gas header pipe 2 and used for discharging combustion waste gas, each grading pipeline 3 is connected with a plurality of combustor branch pipes 6 through parallel branch pipelines 8, and the combustor branch pipes 6 are used for supporting combustors 7. And each grading pipeline 3 is respectively provided with a control valve 9 for carrying out grading combustion treatment on the flare gas.

The burner branch pipes 6 are annularly distributed along the inner wall of the bottom of the torch barrel 4, a plurality of burners 7 are distributed on each burner branch pipe 6 along the radial direction from top to bottom, and the nozzle direction of each burner 7 faces to the center of the torch barrel 4; as shown in fig. 3 and 4, one end of the burner branch pipe 6 is fixed to the ground, and the branch pipe 8 is connected to the other end or any position in the middle of the burner branch pipe 6. The included angle of the connecting lines of the adjacent two burner branch pipes 6 and the center of the torch barrel 4 is 10-30 degrees, and the number of the burner branch pipes 6 and the size of the included angle are designed according to the size of the torch barrel 4 and the amount of torch gas. A plurality of nozzles are distributed on each combustor 7 and used for combusting and processing flare gas.

As shown in FIG. 2, an ignition pilot lamp 10 is arranged on one side of each burner branch pipe 6, and the ignition pilot lamp 10 is arranged on the ground at the bottom of the torch barrel 4 and is used for igniting the burner 7 on the burner branch pipe 6. An air inlet 11 is arranged on the torch barrel 4 at the position of the burner branch pipe 6 and the ignition pilot burner 10. The width of the air inlet 11 is 3 times of the diameter of the single burner 7, and the height is larger than the length of the burner branch pipe 6, so that sufficient air supply is ensured.

When the flare gas is discharged, the flare gas passes through the flare gas main pipe 1 and the flare gas collecting pipe 2 and then is distributed on each grading pipeline 3, then enters the branch pipeline 8 at the tail end of each grading pipeline 3, and finally enters the combustor 7 for combustion treatment. The gas injection direction of the burner 7 is vertical to the torch cylinder 4 and faces to the central position of the torch cylinder 4, so that the flame height is greatly reduced; due to the chimney effect of the flare barrel 4, air continuously enters the interior of the flare barrel 4 from the air inlet. The air required for combustion of the flare gas comes mostly from the air inlet 11, and the other part comes from the inner space of the flare barrel 4 itself.

The flare gas is discharged through the burner 7 nozzle of the burner branch pipe 6, ignited by the ignition pilot burner 10, and burned. Each burner branch pipe 6 is provided with an ignition pilot burner 10 for igniting the burner 7 on the burner branch pipe 6. The design has refractory material on the barrel inner wall, prevents that the high temperature that the flare gas burning produced from destroying the tube structure, is used for reducing the noise that the flare gas burning produced simultaneously.

The invention has the main characteristics that:

(1) the nozzle direction of the burner 7 faces to the center of the flare barrel 4, so the diameter of the flare barrel 4 is 2-2.5 times of the flame length of the burner in order to prevent the flame from generating opposite collision and prevent the high temperature from generating damage to the flare barrel 4. The ratio of the height to the diameter of the flare barrel 4 is between 1.5 and 2.5 depending on the height of the flame generated by the burner side firing. On the basis of slightly increasing the diameter of the torch barrel 4, the invention greatly reduces the height of the torch barrel 4, saves the investment cost and improves the safety of the barrel structure.

(2) A plurality of burners 7 are designed on the burner branch pipes 6, and a plurality of burner branch pipes 6 are uniformly distributed on the edge of the flare barrel 4, so that the sufficient number of ground flare burners is ensured. Meanwhile, the closed ground flare system adopts a grading control method, so that flare gas under different flow rates can be fully combusted and treated.

(3) The invention designs the air inlets 11 on the periphery of all the burner branch pipes 6, the width of the air inlets 11 is 3 times of the diameter of a single burner, and the height is slightly larger than the length of the burner branch pipes 6, thus ensuring that each burner 7 has enough air supply. Ensuring that each burner 7 is in optimal condition.

(4) In order to improve the total combustion efficiency of the enclosed ground flare, avoid the flames of the burners 7 on the two burner branch pipes 6 from interfering with each other and reduce the length of the flames, the included angle alpha of the two burner branch pipes 6 is between 10 and 30 degrees. The included angle between the burner branch pipes 6 is reduced along with the increase of the diameter of the cylinder, so that the number of the burner branch pipes 6 is increased under the condition that flames of the two burner branch pipes 6 are not interfered, the number of burners is increased, and the processing capacity of a ground torch is improved.

(5) The invention reduces the flame length of the burner and improves the combustion efficiency of the burner 7 through an effective air distribution mode, reduces the height of the torch barrel body through a side combustion mode of the burner, optimizes the structure of the torch barrel body 4, and has unique advantages when processing large-flow torch gas.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A closed ground flare system comprises a flare barrel and burners arranged in the flare barrel, and is characterized in that the burners are annularly distributed along the inner wall of the bottom of the flare barrel, and the nozzle direction of each burner faces to the center of the flare barrel; one side of the burner is provided with an ignition pilot burner; and the torch barrel is provided with an air inlet at the position of the burner and the ignition pilot burner.

2. The enclosed ground flare system of claim 1, wherein a plurality of burners are disposed on a burner manifold, the burner manifold being annularly disposed along the inner wall of the bottom of the flare barrel.

3. The enclosed ground flare system of claim 1, wherein the burners are arranged radially up and down the burner legs.

4. A closed ground flare system of claim 2, further comprising a flare gas main pipe, a flare gas header pipe, and each classification pipe, wherein the flare gas main pipe is connected with each classification pipe through the flare gas header pipe, and each classification pipe is connected with the plurality of burner branch pipes through parallel branch pipes.

5. The enclosed ground flare system of claim 1, wherein the flare barrel is open at the top and the bottom is seated on the ground.

6. The enclosed ground flare system of claim 4, wherein one end of the burner manifold is fixed to the ground, and the branch pipe is connected to the other end of the burner manifold or to any position in the middle.

7. The enclosed ground flare system of claim 4, wherein the angle between the connection line of two adjacent burner legs and the center of the flare barrel is between 10 ° and 30 °.

8. The enclosed ground flare system of claim 1, wherein the flare barrel has a height to diameter ratio of between 1.5-2.5.

9. The enclosed ground flare system of claim 4, wherein the width of the air inlet is 3 times the diameter of the single burner and the height is greater than the length of the burner manifold.

10. The enclosed ground flare system of claim 1, wherein the ignition incandescent lamp is disposed on the ground at the bottom of the flare barrel.

11. The enclosed ground flare system of claim 1, wherein a refractory layer is disposed on an inner wall of the flare barrel.

12. The enclosed ground flare system of claim 7, wherein the refractory layer is a ceramic fiber material.

13. The enclosed ground flare system of claim 1, wherein the flare barrel is made of carbon steel or stainless steel.

14. The enclosed ground flare system of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of ports is radially disposed on each of the plurality of burners.