CN112628343B

CN112628343B - Electromagnetic damper and vibrating screen

Info

Publication number: CN112628343B
Application number: CN202011342898.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 沈浩; 陈亮; 吴斌兴; 郭首君
Original assignee: Hunan Zoomlion Concrete Machinery Station Equipment Co ltd; Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science and Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Zoomlion Concrete Machinery Station Equipment Co ltd; Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science and Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-25
Filing date: 2020-11-25
Publication date: 2022-01-14
Anticipated expiration: 2040-11-25
Also published as: CN112628343A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of vibration equipment, and discloses an electromagnetic damper and a vibrating screen, wherein the electromagnetic damper (100) comprises a connecting piece (10) used for connecting a to-be-buffered piece and a damping mechanism, the damping mechanism comprises a damping unit (20) and a first magnetic piece (30), the damping unit comprises a fixed part used for connecting a fixed piece and a moving part capable of moving relative to the fixed part to generate damping, the first magnetic piece is fixed on the moving part, the connecting piece comprises a second magnetic piece, and the first magnetic piece and/or the second magnetic piece are/is an electromagnetic piece so as to be capable of selectively attracting the first magnetic piece and the second magnetic piece. The electromagnetic damper can be conveniently controlled according to needs and provides buffering when the first magnetic part and the second magnetic part are attracted, so that buffering can be realized only when resonance occurs during shutdown, and buffering is not provided under other conditions, so that the service life is prolonged.

Description

Electromagnetic damper and vibrating screen

Technical Field

The present invention relates to vibratory equipment, and in particular to electromagnetic dampers and vibratory screens.

Background

The vibrating screen is a common device for screening materials, and the screen body of the vibrating screen can do reciprocating motion with gradually reduced frequency in the shutdown process. Typically, the motor excitation frequency of the shaker screen is 6-7 times the natural frequency of the shaker screen prior to shutdown, and therefore, during shutdown, the frequency of the screen body may drop to near the natural frequency of the shaker screen and thus resonate. The resonance can greatly improve the amplitude of the screen body, which reaches several times or even dozens of times of the working amplitude, seriously damages the working life of the vibrating screen and has potential safety hazard.

In the prior art, a damper having a damping unit such as a spring, a rubber block, etc. is generally installed between a screen body and a mounting seat for mounting the screen body using a mount to damp resonance at a stop. However, the installation of the buffer unit needs to be adjusted to achieve the purpose of providing the buffer through the damper only when the machine stops and the resonance occurs, and the installation and the maintenance are very inconvenient.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the problem of resonance during shutdown of a vibrating screen in the prior art and provides an electromagnetic damper which can be conveniently controlled to be started when needed (for example, when resonance occurs).

In order to achieve the above object, an aspect of the present invention provides an electromagnetic damper, where the electromagnetic damper includes a connecting part for connecting a to-be-buffered part, and a damping mechanism, the damping mechanism includes a damping unit and a first magnetic part, the damping unit includes a fixed part for connecting a fixed part and a moving part capable of moving relative to the fixed part to generate damping, the first magnetic part is fixed to the moving part, the connecting part includes a second magnetic part, and the first magnetic part and/or the second magnetic part are/is an electromagnetic part to enable the first magnetic part to be selectively attracted to the second magnetic part.

Optionally, the fixed portion includes a cylinder, the moving portion is a piston rod capable of reciprocating inside the cylinder, a flange is disposed in the middle of the piston rod to divide the inside of the cylinder into a first chamber and a second chamber, a communication hole for communicating the first chamber and the second chamber is disposed on the flange, and liquid damping media are filled in the first chamber and the second chamber.

Optionally, a first spring compressed between the flange and an end wall of the first chamber remote from the second chamber and a second spring compressed between the flange and an end wall of the second chamber remote from the first chamber are provided within the cylinder.

Optionally, the end wall of the second chamber is provided with a through hole, the cylinder body includes an extension chamber communicated with the second chamber, and the piston rod sealingly extends into the extension chamber through the through hole.

Optionally, the connecting member includes a first sleeve, the moving portion includes a slider mounted to the piston rod, the first magnetic member is mounted to the slider, and the slider is configured to be slidable along an inner wall of the first sleeve.

Optionally, the damping unit includes a third spring supported between the to-be-buffered member and the fixing member.

The application still provides a shale shaker, wherein, the shale shaker is including the screen frame that can vibrate, the lower mount pad of fixed setting, the electromagnetic damper of this application, be used for detecting the detection device of the vibration of screen frame and be used for control the control unit of electromagnetic damper, the connecting piece connect in the screen frame, the fixed part connect in the mount pad down, the control unit with the detection device electricity is connected with the basis detection device's feedback control the electromagnetic damper.

Optionally, the detection device comprises at least two sensors for detecting the vibration of the screen body, and the sensors are arranged along the extending direction of the screen body.

Optionally, the vibrating screen comprises a plurality of electromagnetic dampers.

Optionally: the control unit is arranged to control the first magnetic part and the second magnetic part to attract each other when a signal fed back by any one of the sensors is greater than a first preset value and an average value of signals fed back by each sensor is greater than a second preset value; and/or the vibrating screen comprises an alarm unit controlled by the control unit, and the control unit is set to control the alarm unit to alarm when a signal fed back by any one of the sensors is greater than a third preset value.

Optionally, the vibrating screen includes a display screen electrically connected to the control unit, and the control unit is configured to control the alarm unit to alarm and simultaneously display position information of the screen body detected by a sensor, where a detection feedback signal is greater than a third preset value, on the display screen.

Through the technical scheme, when buffering is needed to be provided through the electromagnetic damper, the electromagnetic piece can be electrified and has magnetism, so that the first magnetic piece and the second magnetic piece are attracted, and the to-be-buffered piece drives the moving part to move relative to the fixed part through the connecting piece to generate damping. When the buffer is not needed, the electromagnetic part is not supplied with power, and the moving part is separated from the connecting part and cannot move relative to the fixed part, so that the damping cannot be generated. The electromagnetic damper can be conveniently controlled according to needs and provides buffering when the first magnetic part and the second magnetic part are attracted, so that buffering can be realized only when resonance occurs during shutdown, and buffering is not provided under other conditions, so that the service life is prolonged.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of an electromagnetic damper of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a shaker of the present application.

Description of the reference numerals

10-connecting piece, 11-first sleeve, 12-first flange, 20-damping unit, 21-cylinder, 211-first chamber, 212-second chamber, 212 a-through hole, 213-extension chamber, 22-piston rod, 221 a-communication hole, 23-first spring, 24-second spring, 25-second sleeve, 26-third spring, 27-sealing ring, 28-second flange, 281-fastening hole, 29-cylinder cover, 30-first magnetic piece, 60-sliding piece, 70-dustproof rubber cover, 100-electromagnetic damper, 200-sieve body, 300-lower mounting seat, 310-rod-shaped piece, 400-control unit, 500-sensor, 600-upper mounting seat, 700-sieve shell and P-bolt.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.

In the present invention, the use of directional terms such as "upper, lower, left, right" generally means upper, lower, left, right as viewed with reference to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise specified; "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the components themselves. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

According to an aspect of the present application, an electromagnetic damper is provided, wherein, the electromagnetic damper 100 includes connecting piece 10 and the damping mechanism that is used for connecting the pending bolster, the damping mechanism includes damping unit 20 and first magnetic part 30, damping unit 20 including be used for connecting the fixed part of mounting with can for the fixed part removes in order to produce damped removal portion, first magnetic part 30 is fixed in removal portion, connecting piece 10 includes the second magnetic part, first magnetic part and/or second magnetic part 30 are the electromagnetic part, so as to make selectively first magnetic part 30 with the actuation of second magnetic part.

When the electromagnetic damper 100 of the present application is used, when buffering needs to be provided through the electromagnetic damper 100, the electromagnetic element can be powered on and has magnetism, so that the first magnetic element 30 and the second magnetic element are attracted, and the to-be-buffered element drives the moving part to move relative to the fixed part through the connecting element 10 to generate damping. When the buffering is not required, the power is not supplied to the electromagnetic member, and the moving portion is separated from the connector 10 and does not move relative to the fixed portion, so that the damping is not generated. The electromagnetic damper 100 of the present application can be conveniently controlled as required and provides buffering when the first and second magnetic members 30 are attracted, so that buffering can be provided only when resonance occurs during shutdown, and no buffering is provided in other cases, so as to prolong the service life.

In the present application, the damping unit may be in various forms suitable for providing a damping cushion. For example, a spring disposed between the fixed portion and the moving portion may be included to obtain cushioning by the movement of the moving portion relative to the fixed portion compressing the spring.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the fixed portion includes a cylinder 21, the moving portion is a piston rod 22 capable of reciprocating inside the cylinder 21, a flange 221 is provided at a middle portion of the piston rod 22 to divide the inside of the cylinder 21 into a first chamber 211 and a second chamber 212, a communication hole 221a communicating the first chamber 211 and the second chamber 212 is provided on the flange 221, and the first chamber 211 and the second chamber 212 are filled with a liquid damping medium. Thereby, the damping medium in the first chamber 211 and the second chamber 212 will provide a damping cushion for the piston rod 22 when the piston rod 22 is reciprocated in the cylinder 21. Specifically, when the piston rod 22 moves in the downward direction in fig. 1, the damping medium in the second chamber 212 will flow into the first chamber 211 through the communication hole 221a, so that the damping medium in the second chamber 212 provides a damping cushion to the piston rod 22; similarly, when the piston rod 22 moves in the upward direction in fig. 1, the damping medium in the first chamber 211 flows into the second chamber 212 through the communication hole 221a, so that the damping medium in the first chamber 211 provides a damping cushion to the piston rod 22.

To further provide effective damping, it is preferred that a first spring 23 compressed between the end wall of the first chamber 211 remote from the second chamber 212 and the flange 221 and a second spring 24 compressed between the end wall of the second chamber 212 remote from the first chamber 211 and the flange 221 are provided within the cylinder 21, as shown in fig. 1. Thus, the second spring 24 assists in providing cushioning when the piston rod 22 moves in a downward direction in fig. 1; the first spring 23 assists in providing cushioning when the piston rod 22 moves in an upward direction in fig. 1.

The stiffness of the first spring 23 and the second spring 24 can be set as required, for example, abnormal vibration (for example, amplitude exceeding a maximum allowable amplitude) of the to-be-buffered member can be avoided by the first spring 23 and the second spring 24.

In the present application, the damping medium may be of any suitable type, and is preferably a viscous material that is likely to generate resistance. As shown in fig. 1, the end wall of the second chamber 212 is further provided with a through hole 212a so that the piston rod 22 can freely extend and retract, the cylinder 21 includes an extension chamber 213 communicating with the second chamber 212, and the piston rod 22 sealingly extends into the extension chamber 213 through the through hole 212 a. By providing the extension chamber 213, on the one hand, it is facilitated to provide a telescopic space for the piston rod 22 and, on the other hand, it may be facilitated to seal at the through hole 212a (e.g. by a sealing ring) to prevent leakage of the damping medium.

A cylinder head 29 may be provided at an end of the cylinder block 21, and the cylinder head 29 may be provided with a through hole for allowing the piston rod 22 to extend therethrough, and the through hole may also serve to limit and guide the piston rod 22. To ensure the sealing property, a seal ring 27 is also provided at the through hole.

As shown in fig. 1, the connecting member 10 includes a first sleeve 11, the moving portion includes a slider 60 attached to the piston rod 22, the first magnetic member 30 is attached to the slider 60, and the slider 60 is configured to be slidable along an inner wall of the first sleeve 11. Thereby, on the one hand, the first magnetic means 30 can be arranged away from the damping medium in order to avoid disturbances in the event of a leak, and on the other hand, the first sleeve 11 can guide the movement of the slider 60 and thus of the piston rod 22 when the first magnetic means 30 and the second magnetic means are not engaged. The slide 60 may be of various suitable forms, for example, it may have a cylindrical outer surface that matches the inner wall of the first sleeve 11. Also, the first magnetic member 30 may take various suitable forms and be correspondingly mounted to the slider 60. For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the tip of the slider 60 may be formed as a cylindrical structure, and the first magnetic member 30 may be formed as a core structure fitted into the cylindrical structure. In addition, a dust-proof rubber cover 70 may be disposed in the first sleeve 11 to prevent dust and impurities from entering the cylindrical structure and interfering with the first magnetic member 30.

In addition, preferably, the damping unit may include a third spring 26 supported between the member to be buffered and the fixing member. By providing the third spring 26, the member to be buffered and the fixing member can be elastically supported. To facilitate fixing the third spring 26, a first flange 12 and a second flange 28 may be provided on the member to be buffered and the fixing member, respectively, and both ends of the third spring 26 are fixed to the first flange 12 and the second flange 28, respectively. Wherein the first sleeve 11 extends from the first flange 12, whereby guidance for the third spring 26 may be provided by the first sleeve 11. Preferably, a second sleeve 25 is sleeved on an end of the cylinder body 21 opposite to the first sleeve 11, the second sleeve 25 extends from a second flange 28, and a third spring 26 is installed around the first sleeve 11 and the second sleeve 25 so as to be guided by the first sleeve 11 and the second sleeve 25 at both ends of the third spring 26, respectively.

In the present application, the second magnetic member may be disposed at any suitable position of the connecting member 10, as long as the first magnetic member 30 can be attracted when the electromagnetic member is powered on. Preferably, in the embodiment of fig. 1, the first flange 12 may be provided as a second magnetic member.

In addition, at least one of the first magnetic member 30 and the second magnetic member may be an electromagnetic member. Specifically, the first magnetic member 30 and the second magnetic member may be both electromagnetic members, or one of them is an electromagnetic member and the other is made of a magnetic material. In the embodiment of fig. 1, the first magnetic member 30 may be an electromagnetic member, for example, a mandrel having a wound coil. The second magnetic member (i.e., first flange 12) may be made of a magnetic material (e.g., neodymium iron boron).

According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a vibration screen, wherein the vibration screen includes a screen body 200 capable of vibrating, a lower mounting base 300 (i.e., a fixing member) fixedly provided, an electromagnetic damper 100 of the present application, a detecting device for detecting vibration of the screen body 200, and a control unit 400 for controlling the electromagnetic damper, the connecting member 10 is connected to the screen body 200, the fixing member is connected to the lower mounting base 300, and the control unit 400 is electrically connected to the detecting device to control the electromagnetic damper 100 according to feedback of the detecting device.

The vibrating screen can control the work of the electromagnetic damper 100 through the feedback of the detection device, so that the electromagnetic damper 100 provides buffering under the proper working condition (such as shutdown), and the electromagnetic damper 100 does not provide buffering under other working conditions (such as normal work), and the service life is prolonged.

The connector 10 may be connected to the screen body 200 by various suitable means, such as by being secured by fasteners. The fixing portion may also be connected to the lower mount 300 by various suitable means. For example, as shown in fig. 1, the rod 310 of the lower mounting base 300 may be inserted into the central hole stop of the second flange 28, and the other end of the rod is provided with a pin hole for inserting the plug pin P, and the rod 310 may be fixed to the second flange 28 by a fastening member of a positioning hole of the plug pin P and a fastening hole 281 of the second flange 28.

In addition, the screen body 200 may be fixed to the upper mount 600, and the connection member 10 of the electromagnetic damper 100 may be fixed to the upper mount 600. Also, the lower mount 300 may be fixed to the screen case 700.

In the present application, the detecting device may include at least two sensors 500 for detecting the vibration of the screen body 200, the sensors 500 being arranged along the extending direction of the screen body 200. Thereby, the vibration condition of each position of the screen body 200 can be detected and the vibration condition of the screen body 200 can be fed back more truly. The sensor 500 may take various suitable forms, and may be a position sensor, for example. The sensor 500 is used for feeding back a signal, and the control unit 400 may include a data processor that processes the fed back signal into a corresponding value.

In addition, in order to provide uniform buffering along the extending direction of the screen body 200, the vibrating screen includes a plurality of the electromagnetic dampers 100, that is, the plurality of electromagnetic dampers 100 are respectively connected between the upper mount 600 and the lower mount 300 in a buffering manner.

In order to attract the first magnetic member 30 and the second magnetic member at a proper time, the control unit 400 may be configured to control the attraction of the first magnetic member 30 and the second magnetic member when a signal fed back by any one of the sensors 500 is greater than a first preset value and an average value of signals fed back by the sensors 500 is greater than a second preset value. The first preset value and the second preset value can be set according to requirements. For example, the first preset value may be 180-220% of the rated amplitude, and the second preset value may be 130-170% of the rated amplitude.

For example, during shutdown, when a signal fed back by any one of the sensors 500 is greater than a first preset value and an average value of signals fed back by the sensors 500 is greater than a second preset value, the control unit 400 may control the electromagnetic element to be powered on, so that the first magnetic element 30 is attracted to the second magnetic element, and the electromagnetic damper provides a buffer to the screen body 200.

Preferably, the vibrating screen may comprise an alarm unit controlled by the control unit 400, and the control unit 400 is configured to control the alarm unit to alarm when a signal fed back by any one of the sensors 500 is greater than a third preset value. From this, the shale shaker of this application still has the function of reporting to the police when unusual vibration. That is, in the working state, when the signal fed back by the sensor 500 is greater than the third preset value, which indicates abnormal vibration, the alarm unit gives an alarm.

The third preset value can be set as required, for example, to prevent the abnormal vibration from exceeding the rated amplitude, the third preset value can be 110-130% of the rated amplitude.

Here, the alarm unit may be controlled in synchronization with an excitation motor of the vibrating screen. Namely, when the excitation motor is stopped, abnormal vibration cannot occur, and the alarm unit can not work; when the excitation motor works normally, abnormal vibration may occur, and the alarm unit starts to work after the excitation motor operates stably. To this end, the alarm unit may be provided with a timer to start operating at a predetermined time after the excitation motor is started. That is, the control unit may control the operation of the alarm unit according to the feedback of the control unit 400 at a predetermined time after the excitation motor is started, and control the alarm unit to alarm if the abnormality occurs.

In addition, in order to facilitate the shutdown inspection after abnormal vibration, the vibrating screen includes a display screen electrically connected to the control unit 400, and the control unit 400 is configured to display the position information of the screen body 200 detected by the sensor 500, in which a detection feedback signal is greater than a third preset value, on the display screen while controlling the alarm unit to alarm. Therefore, the worker can determine the detection position corresponding to the sensor 500 with the feedback signal larger than the third preset value according to the information displayed on the display screen, so as to find the corresponding position on the screen body 200 for inspection and maintenance.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, many simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the invention. The present application includes the combination of individual features in any suitable manner. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition. Such simple modifications and combinations should be considered within the scope of the present disclosure as well.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an electromagnetic damper, characterized in that, electromagnetic damper (100) is including connecting piece (10) and the damping mechanism that is used for connecting to wait the bolster, damping mechanism includes damping unit (20) and first magnetic part (30), damping unit (20) including be used for connecting the fixed part of mounting and can for the fixed part removes in order to produce damped removal portion, first magnetic part (30) are fixed in removal portion, connecting piece (10) include the second magnetic part, first magnetic part (30) and/or second magnetic part are the electromagnetic part, so that can make selectively first magnetic part (30) with the actuation of second magnetic part.

2. The electromagnetic damper according to claim 1, wherein the fixed portion includes a cylinder (21), the moving portion is a piston rod (22) that is capable of reciprocating inside the cylinder (21), a flange (221) is provided at a middle portion of the piston rod (22) to partition the inside of the cylinder (21) into a first chamber (211) and a second chamber (212), a communication hole (221 a) that communicates the first chamber (211) and the second chamber (212) is provided in the flange (221), and the first chamber (211) and the second chamber (212) are filled with a liquid damping medium.

3. An electromagnetic damper according to claim 2, characterized in that inside said cylinder (21) there is provided a first spring (23) compressed between an end wall of said first chamber (211) remote from said second chamber (212) and said flange (221) and a second spring (24) compressed between an end wall of said second chamber (212) remote from said first chamber (211) and said flange (221).

4. An electromagnetic damper according to claim 3, characterized in that the end wall of the second chamber (212) is provided with a through hole (212 a), the cylinder (21) comprises an extension chamber (213) communicating with the second chamber (212), and the piston rod (22) sealingly protrudes into the extension chamber (213) through the through hole (212 a).

5. The electromagnetic damper according to claim 2, characterized in that the connecting member (10) comprises a first sleeve (11), the moving portion comprises a slider (60) mounted to the piston rod (22), the first magnetic member (30) is mounted to the slider (60), and the slider (60) is arranged to be slidable along an inner wall of the first sleeve (11).

6. The electromagnetic damper, as set forth in any of claims 1-5, characterized in that the damping unit comprises a third spring (26) supported between the member to be damped and the stationary member.

7. A vibrating screen, characterized in that, the vibrating screen includes a screen body (200) capable of vibrating, a lower mount (300) fixedly provided, the electromagnetic damper (100) of any one of claims 1-6, a detection device for detecting vibration of the screen body (200), and a control unit (400) for controlling the electromagnetic damper, the connection member (10) is connected to the screen body (200), the fixed portion is connected to the lower mount (300), the control unit (400) is electrically connected with the detection device to control the electromagnetic damper (100) according to feedback of the detection device.

8. Vibrating screen according to claim 7, characterised in that the detection means comprise at least two sensors (500) for detecting vibrations of the screen body (200), the sensors (500) being aligned in the direction of extension of the screen body (200).

9. The vibrating screen of claim 8, comprising a plurality of the electromagnetic dampers (100).

10. The vibrating screen of claim 8 or 9, wherein:

the control unit (400) is arranged to control the first magnetic part (30) to attract the second magnetic part when a signal fed back by any one of the sensors (500) is greater than a first preset value and an average value of signals fed back by each sensor (500) is greater than a second preset value; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the vibrating screen comprises an alarm unit controlled by the control unit (400), and the control unit (400) is set to control the alarm unit to alarm when a signal fed back by any one of the sensors (500) is greater than a third preset value.

11. The vibrating screen of claim 10, characterized in that the vibrating screen comprises a display screen electrically connected to the control unit (400), and the control unit (400) is configured to display on the display screen, while controlling the alarm unit to alarm, information on the position of the screen body (200) detected by the sensor (500) having a detection feedback signal greater than a third preset value.