CN112627255B - Mechanical excavator machine quick-change device and excavator - Google Patents
Mechanical excavator machine quick-change device and excavator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112627255B CN112627255B CN202011434697.5A CN202011434697A CN112627255B CN 112627255 B CN112627255 B CN 112627255B CN 202011434697 A CN202011434697 A CN 202011434697A CN 112627255 B CN112627255 B CN 112627255B
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- quick
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
- E02F3/3609—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
- E02F3/3609—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat
- E02F3/3636—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat using two or four movable transversal pins
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a mechanical quick-change device for an excavator and an excavator, wherein the quick-change device for the excavator comprises a quick-change connector and a quick-change lug plate; the quick-change connector is connected with a connecting rod and a bucket rod of the excavator; the quick-change lug plate is connected with the machine body; carry out the joint cooperation between quick change coupler and the quick change otic placode, and be used for assisting quick change coupler to realize and remove being connected with the quick change otic placode through the spline spanner. The invention overcomes the defects of the traditional replacing method and the defects of the common mechanical quick-changing device in the market, can conveniently and quickly realize the quick replacement of the machine tool, and is safer and more reliable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of excavator manufacturing, in particular to a mechanical quick-change device for an excavator tool.
Background
The replacement of the machine tool is always a great problem facing the diversified operation of the excavator. The traditional method for manually replacing the tool is high in labor intensity and long in dismounting time, and the tool is easily damaged to a certain extent on the relevant connecting part of the working device when being frequently dismounted. The current situation greatly promotes the research and development of the quick-change device of the excavator.
Common mechanical type quick change device in market at present, most all realize dismantling, installation and the fastening to the machines with the help of lead screw or bolt, twist soon the lead screw on the one hand or screw, unscrew the bolt and need spend longer time, and on the other hand after long-time high strength work, the lead screw or bolt easily appear inefficacy fracture or screw thread deformation, condition such as damaged, can bring certain potential safety hazard. In addition, a plurality of quick-change devices can additionally increase the distance between the front hinge point of the bucket rod and the stress point of the bucket tooth, so that the working force arm is increased, and the excavating force is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a quick-change device for mechanical excavator tools, which overcomes the defects of the traditional replacement method and the defects of the common mechanical quick-change device in the market, can conveniently and quickly realize the quick replacement of the tools, and is safer and more reliable.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a quick-change device of mechanical excavator equipment comprises a quick-change connector and a quick-change lug plate; the quick-change connector is connected with a connecting rod and a bucket rod of the excavator; the quick-change lug plate is connected with the machine body; carry out the joint cooperation between quick change coupler and the quick change otic placode, and be used for assisting quick change coupler to realize and remove being connected with the quick change otic placode through the spline spanner.
Further, the quick-change connector comprises a connector body, two first pin shaft assemblies, two bolts, a rotating body, two connecting rods and a spline shaft; the joint body is hinged with a connecting rod and a bucket rod of the excavator through two first pin shaft assemblies respectively; the rotary body is connected with the joint body and can rotate; the integral key shaft with the rotator is connected, two connecting rods and rotator are connected, two bolt symmetrical arrangement are in the rotator both sides, through twisting the spline spanner, drive integral key shaft, rotator and rotate, and then drive the connecting rod swing, and the connecting rod after the swing drives the bolt and runs through the through-hole on the quick change otic placode after stretching out from the joint body.
Furthermore, the quick-change connector also comprises four springs and two baffles; wherein, the two springs are respectively sleeved on the two positioning columns on the left side plate in the joint body, one end of each spring is contacted with the left side plate, and the other end of each spring is propped against the baffle; the other two springs are respectively sleeved on two positioning columns on a right side plate in the joint body, one end of each spring is in contact with the right side plate, and the other end of each spring is abutted against the baffle; the springs are compressed, deformed, restored and stretched along the corresponding positioning columns; the baffle is provided with an upper through hole, a middle through hole and a lower through hole, and the positions of the upper through hole, the middle through hole and the lower through hole correspond to the positions of the three through holes in the front parts of the left side plate and the right side plate in the joint body; after the upper through hole and the lower through hole of one baffle are penetrated by the two positioning columns on the left side plate, the baffle presses the two corresponding springs; the other baffle plate is pressed on the two corresponding springs after the upper through hole and the lower through hole of the other baffle plate are penetrated by the two positioning columns on the right side plate; the baffle slides back and forth along the corresponding positioning column; a bolt passes through the middle through hole of the left baffle and the middle through hole of the front part of the left side plate in sequence, and a shaft shoulder of the bolt is propped against the left baffle; a bolt successively passes through the middle through hole of the right baffle and the middle through hole of the front part of the right side plate, and a shaft shoulder of the bolt is propped against the right baffle.
Furthermore, the connecting rod is provided with a first convex block and a second convex block, and the two convex blocks limit the relative motion range between the connecting rod and the rotating body; through holes on the two connecting rods, which are close to the first protruding blocks, are coaxial with through holes on two sides of the rotating body respectively, and the through holes are hinged through a second pin shaft assembly; through holes close to the second protruding blocks on the two connecting rods are coaxial with through holes in the left bolt and the right bolt respectively, and the third pin shaft assembly is hinged.
Further, the first pin shaft assembly comprises a first pin shaft, a stop block and a plurality of third screws; the stop block is fixedly connected with the first pin shaft through a plurality of third screws; the second pin shaft assembly comprises a second pin shaft and a check ring; the check ring is arranged in the shaft groove of the second pin shaft; the third pin shaft assembly comprises a third pin shaft and a fourth screw; the fourth screw props against the third pin shaft and is matched with the threaded hole in the plug pin.
Further, an external spline and an external spline are designed on the spline shaft, wherein a radial through hole is designed in the external spline section; the spline shaft is coaxial with the positioning seat of the joint body, and an external spline on the spline shaft is matched with an internal spline of the rotating body.
Furthermore, the quick-change connector also comprises a limiting sleeve and a front cover plate; the limiting sleeve is sleeved into the outer spline section of the spline shaft to abut against the shaft shoulder of the spline shaft and is fixedly connected with the threaded seat on the joint body through a plurality of first screws; the limiting sleeve is provided with a radial through hole which can be coaxial with the radial through hole of the spline shaft after the quick-change connector is connected with the quick-change lug plate; the front cover plate is fixedly connected with the joint body through a plurality of second screws, and a through hole in the middle of the front surface of the front cover plate ensures that a radial through hole of the limiting sleeve is exposed; bayonet locks are inserted into the radial through holes of the front cover plate and the radial through holes of the spline shaft to play a role in safety protection.
Further, the quick-change ear plate comprises a left ear plate and a right ear plate; the left lug plate and the right lug plate are symmetrical in shape and fixedly connected with the machine body in a welding mode, openings in the left lug plate and the right lug plate are used for being matched with a first shaft sleeve and a second shaft sleeve of the joint body in a clamping mode, and through holes in the left lug plate and the right lug plate are coaxially arranged in middle through holes in the front portions of a left side plate and a right side plate of the joint body after the quick-change joint and the quick-change lug plate are clamped.
Further, the joint body comprises a left side plate, a right side plate, a rear baffle, a partition plate, four positioning columns, a positioning seat, two threaded seats, two first shaft sleeves and two second shaft sleeves; the left side plate and the right side plate are symmetrical in shape, and the front part of the left side plate is provided with an upper through hole, a middle through hole and a lower through hole; the left side plate and the right side plate are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the rear baffle plate and the partition plate; the two positioning columns respectively penetrate through the upper through hole and the lower through hole in the front part of the left side plate and are welded with the left side plate; the other two positioning columns respectively penetrate through the upper through hole and the lower through hole in the front part of the right side plate and are welded with the right side plate; the positioning seat is welded on the front surface of the rear baffle plate and is used for assembling the rotating body; the two threaded seats are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the positioning seat and are welded with the rear baffle; the two first shaft sleeves penetrate through the two through holes in the upper part of the left side plate and are welded on the inner surface of the left side plate; the two second shaft sleeves penetrate through the two through holes in the upper part of the right side plate and are welded on the inner surface of the right side plate.
The excavator comprises a connecting rod, a bucket rod and an excavator body, wherein the connecting rod and the bucket rod are connected with the excavator body through the excavator and tool quick-change device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the quick-change connector and the machine tool (with the quick-change lug plate) can be connected or disconnected through the small-angle knob spline wrench, so that the quick-change connector is quicker and more convenient, and the damage to the relevant connection part of the working device is smaller compared with the traditional method for manually replacing the machine tool;
2. the quick-change connector and the quick-change lug plate are connected by a group of bolts with larger diameters, so that the quick-change connector is safer and more reliable than a mechanical quick-change device which realizes the disassembly, installation and fastening of machines and tools by a lead screw or a bolt;
3. different from a common quick-change device of the excavator, the distance between the hinge point at the front part of the bucket rod and the stress point of the machine tool on the load force cannot be additionally increased, namely the load moment of the excavator during working cannot be additionally increased, and the practicability is higher.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention to the right. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention from one perspective.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the present invention in connection with a linkage, a stick, and a tool body.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the quick-change coupler of fig. 1 from a single perspective.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the quick-change coupling of fig. 1 with the front cover plate and the second screw removed.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the quick-change coupler of fig. 1 with the front cover plate, the second screw, the stop collar and the first screw removed.
Fig. 6 is a schematic external view of the connecting rod of fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the outer shape of the spline shaft of fig. 5.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the stop collar of fig. 4.
Fig. 9 is a sectional view of a portion of the quick-change coupling of fig. 1.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the quick-change ear plate in fig. 1.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the spline wrench of fig. 1.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the joint body of fig. 3 in one perspective.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the joint body of fig. 3 from another perspective.
Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the first pin assembly in fig. 3.
Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the second pin assembly of fig. 5.
Fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of the third pin assembly in fig. 5.
Fig. 17 is a schematic view of the quick-change coupler prior to mating with the quick-change ear plate.
Fig. 18 is a schematic view of the quick-change coupler after being snapped into engagement with the rear opening of the quick-change lug plate.
Fig. 19 is a schematic view of the quick-change coupler after it has been snapped into engagement with the opening at the front end of the quick-change lug plate.
Fig. 20 is a schematic view of the spline wrench after mating with the quick-change coupler.
Fig. 21 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the quick-change coupler before it is connected to the quick-change lug plate.
Fig. 22 is a schematic view of the inner structure of the quick-change coupler after being connected with the quick-change lug plate.
Fig. 23 is a schematic view of the quick-change coupler after it has been connected to the quick-change lug and the spline wrench has been removed and the bayonet has been inserted.
It should be noted that the drawings and the description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept in any way, but to illustrate it by a person skilled in the art with reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and the following embodiments are used for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a quick-change device of a mechanical excavator comprises a quick-change connector 1, a quick-change lug plate 2, a spline wrench 3 and a bayonet 4; the quick-change connector 1 is connected with a connecting rod 5 and a bucket rod 6 of the excavator; the quick-change lug plate 2 is connected with the machine body 7; the spline wrench 3 is used for assisting the quick-change connector 1 to realize connection and disconnection with the quick-change lug plate 2; the bayonet 4 is inserted into a corresponding through hole of the quick-change connector 1 after the quick-change connector 1 is connected with the quick-change lug plate 2, so that the safety protection effect is achieved.
As shown in fig. 3 to 9, the quick-change connector 1 includes a connector body 1-1, two first pin assemblies 1-2, four springs 1-3, two baffles 1-4, two pins 1-5, a rotating body 1-6, two connecting rods 1-7, two second pin assemblies 1-8, two third pin assemblies 1-9, a spline shaft 1-10, a limiting sleeve 1-11, a plurality of first screws 1-12, a front cover plate 1-13, and a plurality of second screws 1-14.
The specific connection mode is as follows: the joint body 1-1 is hinged with a connecting rod 5 and a bucket rod 6 of the excavator through two first pin shaft assemblies 1-2 respectively; the two springs 1-3 are respectively sleeved on the two positioning columns 1-1-6 on the left side plate 1-1-1 in the joint body 1-1, one end of each spring is in contact with the left side plate 1-1-1, and the other end of each spring is abutted against the baffle plate 1-4; the two springs 1-3 are respectively sleeved on the two positioning columns 1-1-6 on the right side plate 1-1-2 in the joint body 1-1, one end of each spring is in contact with the right side plate 1-1-2, and the other end of each spring is abutted against the baffle plate 1-4; the springs 1-3 are compressed, deformed, restored and stretched along the corresponding positioning columns 1-1-6; the baffle 1-4 is provided with an upper through hole, a middle through hole and a lower through hole which correspond to the positions of the three through holes at the front parts of the left side plate 1-1-1 and the right side plate 1-1-2 in the joint body 1-1; the upper through hole and the lower through hole of one baffle plate 1-4 are penetrated by two positioning columns 1-1-6 on the left side plate 1-1-1 and then pressed on the corresponding two springs 1-3; the upper through hole and the lower through hole of one baffle plate 1-4 are penetrated by two positioning columns 1-1-6 on the right side plate 1-1-2 and then pressed on the corresponding two springs 1-3; the baffle 1-4 slides back and forth along the corresponding positioning column 1-1-6; a bolt 1-5 successively passes through the middle through hole of the baffle plate 1-4 on the left side and the middle through hole at the front part of the left side plate 1-1-1, and the shaft shoulder of the bolt is propped against the baffle plate 1-4 on the left side; a bolt 1-5 successively passes through the middle through hole of the baffle plate 1-4 on the right side and the middle through hole at the front part of the right side plate 1-1-2, and the shaft shoulder of the bolt is propped against the baffle plate 1-4 on the right side; the rotary body 1-6 is matched with the positioning seat 1-1-7 of the joint body 1-1 and rotates around the central axis of the positioning seat 1-1-7; the connecting rod 1-7 is provided with a first convex block 1-7-a and a second convex block 1-7-b, and the relative motion range between the connecting rod 1-7 and the rotating body 1-6 is limited by the two convex blocks; through holes on the two connecting rods 1-7, which are close to the first protruding blocks 1-7-a, are coaxial with through holes on the two sides of the rotating bodies 1-6 respectively, and are hinged through second pin shaft assemblies 1-8; through holes on the two connecting rods 1-7, which are close to the second protruding blocks 1-7-b, are respectively coaxial with through holes on the left bolt 1-5 and the right bolt 1-5, and the hinging is realized through a third pin shaft assembly 1-9; the spline shaft 1-10 is provided with an external spline 1-10-a and an external spline 1-10-b, wherein a radial through hole 1-10-c is arranged in the section of the external spline 1-10-b; the spline shaft 1-10 is coaxial with the positioning seat 1-1-7 of the joint body 1-1, and an external spline 1-10-a on the spline shaft is matched with an internal spline of the rotating body 1-6; the limiting sleeve 1-11 is sleeved into the section 1-10-b of the external spline on the spline shaft 1-10 to prop against the shaft shoulder of the spline shaft 1-10 and is fixedly connected with the thread seat 1-1-8 on the joint body 1-1 through a plurality of first screws 1-12; the limiting sleeve 1-11 is provided with a radial through hole 1-11-a which can be coaxial with the radial through hole 1-10-c of the spline shaft 1-10 after the quick-change connector 1 is connected with the quick-change lug plate 2; the front cover plate 1-13 is fixedly connected with the joint body 1-1 through a plurality of second screws 1-14, and a through hole in the middle of the front surface of the front cover plate ensures that a radial through hole 1-11-a of the limiting sleeve 1-11 is exposed.
As shown in fig. 10, the quick-change ear plate 2 comprises a left ear plate 2-1 and a right ear plate 2-2; the left ear plate 2-1 and the right ear plate 2-2 are symmetrical in shape, and are fixedly connected with the machine body 7 through welding or other mechanical connection forms, openings in the left ear plate 2-1 and the right ear plate are used for being matched with a first shaft sleeve 1-1-9 and a second shaft sleeve 1-1-10 of the joint body 1-1 in a clamping mode, and through holes in the left ear plate 2-1 and the right ear plate 2-1 can be coaxially arranged in a middle through hole in the front of the left side plate 1-1-1 and the right side plate 1-1-2 after the quick-change joint 1 and the quick-change ear plate 2 are clamped.
As shown in FIG. 11, the spline wrench 3 is designed with internal splines to mate with the external splines 1-10-b of the spline shafts 1-10.
As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the joint body 1-1 includes a left side plate 1-1-1, a right side plate 1-1-2, a rear baffle plate 1-1-3, a partition plate 1-1-4, four rib plates 1-1-5, four positioning columns 1-1-6, a positioning seat 1-1-7, two threaded seats 1-1-8, two first shaft sleeves 1-1-9, and two second shaft sleeves 1-1-10.
The specific connection mode is as follows: the left side plate 1-1-1 and the right side plate 1-1-2 are symmetrical in shape, the front part of the left side plate is respectively provided with an upper through hole, a middle through hole and a lower through hole, and the positions of the upper through hole, the middle through hole and the lower through hole correspond to the positions of the three through holes on the baffle plate 1-4; the left side plate 1-1-1 and the right side plate 1-1-2 are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the rear baffle plate 1-1-3 and the partition plate 1-1-4, and are respectively welded with the rear baffle plate 1-1-3 and the partition plate 1-1-4 on the premise of ensuring that corresponding through holes on the two are coaxial with each other; two rib plates 1-1-5 are welded with a left side plate 1-1-1 and a rear baffle plate 1-1-3, two rib plates 1-1-5 are welded with a right side plate 1-1-2 and a rear baffle plate 1-1-3, and a plurality of threaded holes in the rib plates can be matched with second screws 1-14; the two positioning columns 1-1-6 respectively penetrate through the upper through hole and the lower through hole in the front part of the left side plate 1-1-1 and are welded with the left side plate 1-1-1; the two positioning columns 1-1-6 respectively penetrate through the upper through hole and the lower through hole in the front part of the right side plate 1-1-2 and are welded with the right side plate 1-1-2; the positioning seat 1-1-7 is welded on the front surface of the rear baffle 1-1-3 and used for assembling the rotating body 1-6 and ensuring that the rotating body 1-6 rotates around the central axis thereof; the two threaded seats 1-1-8 are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the positioning seat 1-1-7 and are welded with the rear baffle plate 1-1-3, and a plurality of threaded holes on the threaded seats can be matched with the first screws 1-12; the two first shaft sleeves 1-1-9 penetrate through the two through holes at the upper part of the left side plate 1-1-1 and are welded on the inner surface of the left side plate 1-1-1; the two second shaft sleeves 1-1-10 penetrate through the two through holes at the upper part of the right side plate 1-1-2 and are welded on the inner surface of the right side plate 1-1-2.
As shown in fig. 14, the first pin assembly 1-2 includes a first pin 1-2-1, a stop block 1-2-2, and a plurality of third screws 1-2-3; the stop block 1-2-2 is fixedly connected with the first pin shaft 1-2-1 through a plurality of third screws 1-2-3, so that the first pin shaft 1-2-1 is prevented from rotating around the axial direction or shifting along the axial direction to fall off.
As shown in fig. 15, the second pin assembly 1-8 includes a second pin 1-8-1 and a retainer ring 1-8-2; the retainer ring 1-8-2 is arranged in the shaft groove of the second pin shaft 1-8-1 to prevent the second pin shaft 1-8-1 from shifting and falling off along the axial direction.
As shown in FIG. 16, the third pin assembly 1-9 includes a third pin 1-9-1 and a fourth screw 1-9-2; the fourth screw 1-9-2 props against the third pin shaft 1-9-1 and is matched with a threaded hole on the bolt 1-5, so that the third pin shaft 1-9-1 is prevented from moving and falling off along the axial direction.
The specific application principle of the invention is as follows:
as shown in fig. 17 to 23, when installing the implement with the quick-change lug plate 2, an operator should first ensure that the bayonet 4 is not inserted into the quick-change connector 1 and the bolt 1-5 of the quick-change connector 1 is in a fully retracted state, and operate an arm of the excavator to enable the first shaft sleeve 1-1-9 and the second shaft sleeve 1-1-10 of the quick-change connector 1 to be sequentially engaged with the rear end opening and the front end opening of the quick-change lug plate 2; then, the spline wrench 3 is in butt joint fit with the external splines 1-10-b of the spline shafts 1-10, the spline shafts 1-10 and the rotating bodies 1-6 are driven to rotate by twisting the spline wrench 3, the connecting rods 1-7 are driven to swing, and the bolts 1-5 extend until the first protruding blocks 1-7-a on the connecting rods 1-7 abut against the rotating bodies 1-6, and the bolts 1-5 completely penetrate through the through holes in the quick-change lug plates 2; under the spring force action of the springs 1-3, the baffle plates 1-4 can tightly abut against the bolts 1-5, so that the bolts cannot retract accidentally; the spline wrench 3 is removed, and the bayonet 4 is inserted into the radial through hole 1-11-a of the limiting sleeve 1-11 and the radial through hole 1-10-c of the spline shaft 1-10 (the two through holes are coaxial at the moment), so that the safety protection effect is further realized.
When the machine tool with the quick-change lug plate 2 is disassembled, the reverse operation is carried out according to the installation method, the bayonet 4 is firstly disassembled, then the spline wrench 3 is in butt joint fit with the external splines 1-10-b of the spline shafts 1-10, the spline shafts 1-10 and the rotating bodies 1-6 are driven to rotate by twisting the spline wrench 3, the connecting rods 1-7 are driven to swing, the bolts 1-5 are driven to retract until the second protruding blocks 1-7-b on the connecting rods 1-7 abut against the rotating bodies 1-6, at the moment, the bolts 1-5 are completely withdrawn from the through holes on the quick-change lug plate 2, and under the spring force action of the springs 1-3, the baffles 1-4 can tightly abut against the bolts 1-5, so that the bolts cannot be accidentally extended; and then the spline wrench 3 is removed, the arm of the excavator is operated to separate the quick-change connector 1 from the quick-change lug plate 2, and the machine tool can be disassembled.
In conclusion, the quick-change connector and the machine tool (with the quick-change lug plates) can be connected or disconnected through the small-angle knob spline wrench, so that the quick-change connector is quicker and more convenient, and the damage to the relevant connecting part of the working device is smaller compared with the traditional method for manually replacing the machine tool; the quick-change connector and the quick-change lug plate are connected by a group of bolts with larger diameters, so that the quick-change connector is safer and more reliable than a mechanical quick-change device which realizes the disassembly, installation and fastening of machines and tools by a lead screw or a bolt; different from a common quick-change device of the excavator, the distance between the hinge point at the front part of the bucket rod and the stress point of the machine tool on the load force cannot be additionally increased, namely the load moment of the excavator during working cannot be additionally increased, and the practicability is higher.
The invention also discloses an excavator, which comprises a connecting rod, a bucket rod and an excavator body, wherein the connecting rod and the bucket rod are connected with the excavator body through the excavator and excavator quick-change device.
In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments described herein include some features included in other embodiments, rather than others, combinations of features of different embodiments are also meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can use the combination according to the known technical solutions and technical problems to be solved by the present application.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an excavator machines quick change device of mechanical type which characterized in that:
comprises a quick-change connector and a quick-change lug plate;
the quick-change connector is connected with a connecting rod and a bucket rod of the excavator;
the quick-change lug plate is connected with the machine body;
the quick-change connector is in clamping fit with the quick-change lug plate, and is used for assisting the quick-change connector to realize connection and disconnection with the quick-change lug plate through a spline wrench;
the quick-change connector comprises a connector body, two first pin shaft assemblies, two bolts, a rotating body, two connecting rods and a spline shaft;
the joint body is hinged with a connecting rod and a bucket rod of the excavator through two first pin shaft assemblies respectively;
the rotary body is connected with the joint body and can rotate;
the spline shaft is connected with the rotating body, the two connecting rods are connected with the rotating body, the two bolts are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the rotating body, the spline shaft and the rotating body are driven to rotate by twisting the spline wrench, the connecting rods are driven to swing, and the swinging connecting rods drive the bolts to extend out of the connector body and then penetrate through the through holes in the quick-change lug plates;
the connecting rod is provided with a first convex block and a second convex block, and the two convex blocks limit the relative motion range between the connecting rod and the rotating body;
through holes on the two connecting rods, which are close to the first protruding blocks, are coaxial with through holes on two sides of the rotating body respectively, and the through holes are hinged through a second pin shaft assembly;
through holes on the two connecting rods, which are close to the second protruding blocks, are respectively coaxial with through holes on the left bolt and the right bolt, and the hinging is realized through a third pin shaft assembly;
the spline shaft is provided with an external spline and an external spline, wherein the external spline section is provided with a radial through hole; the spline shaft is coaxial with the positioning seat of the joint body, and an external spline on the spline shaft is matched with an internal spline of the rotating body;
the quick-change connector also comprises a limiting sleeve and a front cover plate;
the limiting sleeve is sleeved into the outer spline section of the spline shaft to abut against the shaft shoulder of the spline shaft and is fixedly connected with the threaded seat on the joint body through a plurality of first screws; the limiting sleeve is provided with a radial through hole which can be coaxial with the radial through hole of the spline shaft after the quick-change connector is connected with the quick-change lug plate;
the front cover plate is fixedly connected with the joint body through a plurality of second screws, and a through hole in the middle of the front surface of the front cover plate ensures that a radial through hole of the limiting sleeve is exposed;
bayonet locks are inserted into the radial through holes of the front cover plate and the radial through holes of the spline shaft to play a role in safety protection.
2. The quick-change device of a mechanical excavator implement of claim 1, wherein:
the quick-change connector also comprises four springs and two baffles;
wherein, the two springs are respectively sleeved on the two positioning columns on the left side plate in the joint body, one end of each spring is contacted with the left side plate, and the other end of each spring is propped against the baffle; the other two springs are respectively sleeved on two positioning columns on a right side plate in the joint body, one end of each spring is in contact with the right side plate, and the other end of each spring is abutted against the baffle; the springs are compressed, deformed, restored and stretched along the corresponding positioning columns;
the baffle is provided with an upper through hole, a middle through hole and a lower through hole, and the positions of the upper through hole, the middle through hole and the lower through hole correspond to the positions of the three through holes in the front parts of the left side plate and the right side plate in the joint body; after the upper through hole and the lower through hole of one baffle are penetrated by the two positioning columns on the left side plate, the baffle presses the two corresponding springs; the other baffle plate is pressed on the two corresponding springs after the upper through hole and the lower through hole of the other baffle plate are penetrated by the two positioning columns on the right side plate; the baffle slides back and forth along the corresponding positioning column;
a bolt passes through the middle through hole of the left baffle and the middle through hole of the front part of the left side plate in sequence, and a shaft shoulder of the bolt is propped against the left baffle; a bolt successively passes through the middle through hole of the right baffle and the middle through hole of the front part of the right side plate, and a shaft shoulder of the bolt is propped against the right baffle.
3. The quick-change device of a mechanical excavator implement of claim 1, wherein:
the first pin shaft assembly comprises a first pin shaft, a stop block and a plurality of third screws; the stop block is fixedly connected with the first pin shaft through a plurality of third screws;
the second pin shaft assembly comprises a second pin shaft and a check ring; the check ring is arranged in the shaft groove of the second pin shaft;
the third pin shaft assembly comprises a third pin shaft and a fourth screw; the fourth screw props against the third pin shaft and is matched with the threaded hole in the plug pin.
4. The quick-change device of a mechanical excavator implement of claim 1, wherein:
the quick-change ear plate comprises a left ear plate and a right ear plate; the left lug plate and the right lug plate are symmetrical in shape and fixedly connected with the machine body in a welding mode, openings in the left lug plate and the right lug plate are used for being matched with a first shaft sleeve and a second shaft sleeve of the joint body in a clamping mode, and through holes in the left lug plate and the right lug plate are coaxially arranged in middle through holes in the front portions of a left side plate and a right side plate of the joint body after the quick-change joint and the quick-change lug plate are clamped.
5. The quick-change device of a mechanical excavator implement of claim 1, wherein:
the joint body comprises a left side plate, a right side plate, a rear baffle, a partition plate, four positioning columns, a positioning seat, two threaded seats, two first shaft sleeves and two second shaft sleeves;
the left side plate and the right side plate are symmetrical in shape, and the front part of the left side plate is provided with an upper through hole, a middle through hole and a lower through hole;
the left side plate and the right side plate are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the rear baffle plate and the partition plate;
the two positioning columns respectively penetrate through the upper through hole and the lower through hole in the front part of the left side plate and are welded with the left side plate; the other two positioning columns respectively penetrate through the upper through hole and the lower through hole in the front part of the right side plate and are welded with the right side plate;
the positioning seat is welded on the front surface of the rear baffle plate and is used for assembling the rotating body;
the two threaded seats are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the positioning seat and are welded with the rear baffle;
the two first shaft sleeves penetrate through the two through holes in the upper part of the left side plate and are welded on the inner surface of the left side plate; the two second shaft sleeves penetrate through the two through holes in the upper part of the right side plate and are welded on the inner surface of the right side plate.
6. The utility model provides an excavator, includes that connecting rod, dipper and machine are specific, its characterized in that:
the connecting rod and the bucket rod are connected with the machine body through the quick change device of the excavator tool of any one of claims 1 to 5.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011434697.5A CN112627255B (en) | 2020-12-10 | 2020-12-10 | Mechanical excavator machine quick-change device and excavator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011434697.5A CN112627255B (en) | 2020-12-10 | 2020-12-10 | Mechanical excavator machine quick-change device and excavator |
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| CN112627255A CN112627255A (en) | 2021-04-09 |
| CN112627255B true CN112627255B (en) | 2022-02-18 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT202200003770A1 (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-10-28 | Tm Benne S R L | QUICK CONNECTION GROUP FOR EXCAVATOR ARM |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112854328B (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-07-13 | 徐州徐工挖掘机械有限公司 | Hydraulic drive's excavator accessory quick connector and excavator |
| GB2606546B (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2023-05-17 | Caterpillar Work Tools Bv | A coupling arrangement for coupling a tool to a machine |
| CN113789823A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-12-14 | 徐州徐工挖掘机械有限公司 | Bolt-fixed light mechanical quick connector assembly |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE3701589A1 (en) * | 1987-01-21 | 1988-08-04 | Macmoter Spa | Quick-action coupling |
| DE10154548C2 (en) * | 2001-11-07 | 2003-09-04 | Hermann Korte Vertriebs Gmbh | Quick change device |
| CN201416180Y (en) * | 2009-04-29 | 2010-03-03 | 常州汉森机械有限公司 | Loader quick-change frame |
| CN202544006U (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2012-11-21 | 安徽惊天液压智控股份有限公司 | A rapid replacement device for accessories of a hydraulic excavator |
| CN202706087U (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2013-01-30 | 徐州华辰机械科技有限公司 | Mechanical quick replacing device capable of connecting working machine tools on loading machine |
| CN204826026U (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-12-02 | 福田雷沃国际重工股份有限公司 | Loader quick change device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT202200003770A1 (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-10-28 | Tm Benne S R L | QUICK CONNECTION GROUP FOR EXCAVATOR ARM |
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