CN112626347A - Calcium carbide purification ash treatment method and device - Google Patents
Calcium carbide purification ash treatment method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112626347A CN112626347A CN202011301380.4A CN202011301380A CN112626347A CN 112626347 A CN112626347 A CN 112626347A CN 202011301380 A CN202011301380 A CN 202011301380A CN 112626347 A CN112626347 A CN 112626347A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/02—Working-up flue dust
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/66—Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/20—Obtaining alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/22—Obtaining magnesium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/04—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by aluminium, other metals or silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/10—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by solid carbonaceous reducing agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of calcium carbide production, and particularly relates to a calcium carbide purification ash treatment method and a calcium carbide purification ash treatment device, wherein the calcium carbide purification ash, a reducing agent and a catalyst are mixed to obtain a mixture; the mixture is heated to the temperature of more than or equal to 1150 ℃ under the vacuum condition that the pressure is less than or equal to 15Pa, and the reduction reaction is carried out for more than or equal to 8 hours, so as to obtain magnesium vapor and reducing slag. In the reaction process, no liquid is required to be added, magnesium vapor is generated through reduction treatment, and solid magnesium can be obtained through collection; meanwhile, the reduction reaction reducing slag can be used as a raw material of cement or a raw material of a refractory material according to the category of a reaction product, so that the recycling of the purified ash is realized, and the green and environment-friendly treatment of the purified ash in the calcium carbide production is realized; and the process is simple, low in cost and easy to popularize.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of calcium carbide production, and particularly relates to a calcium carbide purification ash treatment method and device.
Background
The calcium carbide purification ash is generated at the temperature of 600-1200 ℃ by about 400m in the process of producing calcium carbide3The tail gas of the/t calcium carbide is cooled and dedusted, and the collected solid dust mainly comprises CaO, MgO and SiO2The compositions are equal, and the analysis of phase composition and chemical composition shows that the content of CaO is 40-45%, the content of MgO is 35-40%, and the content of SiO is2The content is 8-10% and the like. According to statistics, the annual purified ash yield in calcium carbide production accounts for about 5% -7% of the calcium carbide yield, for example, in calcium carbide enterprises producing 100 ten thousand tons each year, 5-7 ten thousand tons of purified ash are discharged every year, and nearly 200 tons of purified ash are discharged every day. China is the biggest calcium carbide producing country and consuming country in the world, the capacity accounts for more than 90% of the total world production capacity, the data of the national statistical bureau show that the national calcium carbide yield in 2019 is about 2600 ten thousand tons, and according to the calculation, the amount of purified ash produced by enterprises is about 130-180 ten thousand tons every year.
At present, the purification ash is generally treated by being transported outside and then buried as waste, and because the purification ash has small specific gravity, is easy to float and the like, the purification ash not only occupies the used area when being treated by a manufacturer, but also easily flies to cause atmospheric pollution and environmental problems of dust, solid waste and the like when being discharged, transported and dumped, and provides new requirements for the production environmental protection of calcium carbide production enterprises. Therefore, how to effectively treat and purify ash and put an end to potential safety and environmental protection hazards is always a difficult problem in the calcium carbide industry.
Patent publication No. CN 109626409A proposes a method for producing magnesium hydroxide and light calcium carbonate from calcium carbide furnace evolution ash, which belongs to the field of wet treatment, and proposes mixing with acid, alkali and the like in a slag reactor, and then producing magnesium hydroxide and light calcium carbonate products from purified ash through operations such as reaction, sedimentation separation, mother liquor evaporation and the like. The technology produces magnesium hydroxide and light calcium carbonate products through purification ash treatment, but the treatment process is complex, production wastes such as waste residues and a large amount of waste liquid are generated, and the production equipment requirements are high and the manufacturing cost is high due to the utilization of raw materials such as acid, ammonia and the like in the production.
Patent publication No. CN 206996255U has proposed a compound fertilizer preparation system based on carbide purification ash, and this technique belongs to the wet processing category, through treatments such as pulping, desulfurization, pH modulation, crystallization, separation, stoving to purification ash, produces the compound fertilizer product of magnesium sulfate, ammonium sulfate. The technology belongs to the field of wet treatment, a large amount of water and multi-effect evaporation equipment are adopted in the ash purification treatment process, the process is complex, and meanwhile, waste liquid and waste steam generated in the ash purification treatment process pollute the environment to a certain extent.
Patent publication No. CN 110081434A proposes a calcium carbide furnace purification ash treatment system, a calcium carbide production system and a calcium carbide purification ash treatment method, the system and the method propose that the purification ash produced by calcium carbide is collected and then added with gas for incineration treatment, and the high-temperature flue gas is subjected to waste heat utilization through a heat exchanger; adding lime, gypsum and aggregate or a small amount of cement into the incinerated ash, then performing compression molding and steam curing to prepare the lightweight brick. In the process of the technology, burning substances such as semi coke or coal dust and the like are added into the purified ash and then are subjected to incineration treatment.
Patent publication No. CN 110926224A proposes a sealed calcium carbide purification ash recycling system and a using method thereof, and the system and the using method thereof enable purification ash and air to be mixed and then burnt into cement through equipment such as storage equipment, pneumatic injection equipment, burning equipment and the like so as to achieve the purpose of secondary utilization. The technology actually adopts the mixing and blowing of air and purified ash, and then carries out combustion treatment, so that the treatment process can not only produce combustion gas to pollute the atmosphere, but also does not treat the magnesium content in the purified ash, and if the purified ash is used as a cement production raw material, the magnesium content in the purified ash also has adverse effect on cement.
In summary, there are certain problems in the existing calcium carbide purification ash treatment, and a new calcium carbide purification ash treatment method is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a calcium carbide purification ash treatment method and device, which can realize green recycling of calcium carbide purification ash, and have the advantages of simple process, no pollution and environmental friendliness.
In one aspect, the invention provides a calcium carbide purification ash treatment method, which comprises the following steps,
mixing calcium carbide purification ash, a reducing agent and a catalyst to obtain a mixture;
the mixture is heated to the temperature of more than or equal to 1150 ℃ under the vacuum condition that the pressure is less than or equal to 15Pa, and the reduction reaction is carried out for more than or equal to 8 hours, so as to obtain magnesium vapor and reducing slag.
Further, the heating temperature is 1150-1200 ℃, and the reduction reaction time is 8-10 h.
Further, the vacuum pressure is 10-15 Pa.
Further, mixing the calcium carbide purification ash, a reducing agent and a catalyst to obtain a mixture, which comprises,
mixing the calcium carbide purification ash, a reducing agent and a catalyst and pelletizing to obtain a mixture with the particle size of 20-40 mm.
Further, the mass ratio of the calcium carbide purification ash to the reducing agent to the catalyst is 98-102: 16-20:0.8-1.2.
Further, the catalyst is fluorite.
Further, the reducing agent is any one of the following: silicon iron, carbon and aluminum.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides a device used in the calcium carbide purification ash treatment method, and the device comprises a purification ash bin, a reducing agent bin, a catalyst bin, a powder mixer and a reduction assembly; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the inlet of the powder mixer is respectively communicated with the inlet of the ash purification bin, the inlet of the reducing agent bin and the inlet of the catalyst bin, the outlet of the powder mixer is communicated with the inlet of the reduction assembly,
the reduction assembly comprises a reduction tank, and a vacuumizing unit and a heater which are arranged on the reduction tank;
the purification ash bin is used for storing purification ash, the reducing agent bin is used for storing a reducing agent, the catalyst bin is used for storing a catalyst, the powder mixer is used for mixing the purification ash, the reducing agent and the catalyst, the reduction assembly is used for reducing reaction of a mixture, the vacuumizing unit is used for providing vacuum conditions of the reduction reaction, and the heater is used for heating the mixture.
Further, the device also comprises a ball making machine, wherein an inlet of the ball making machine is communicated with an outlet of the powder mixing machine, and an outlet of the ball making machine is communicated with an inlet of the reduction assembly; the ball making machine is used for making a mixture with the grain diameter of 20-40 mm.
Further, the device further comprises a first meter, a second meter and a third meter, wherein,
the inlet of the first metering device is communicated with the outlet of the purified ash bin, the outlet of the first metering device is communicated with the inlet of the powder mixer, the inlet of the second metering device is communicated with the outlet of the reducing agent bin, the outlet of the second metering device is communicated with the inlet of the powder mixer, the inlet of the third metering device is communicated with the outlet of the catalyst bin, and the outlet of the third metering device is communicated with the inlet of the powder mixer;
the first meter is used for controlling the adding quality of the purified ash, the second meter is used for controlling the adding quality of the reducing agent, and the third meter is used for controlling the adding quality of the catalyst.
One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
the invention provides a calcium carbide purification ash treatment method and a calcium carbide purification ash treatment device, wherein the calcium carbide purification ash contains CaO, MgO and SiO2Reducing the mixture without adding any liquidMixing the agent and the catalyst, heating under vacuum condition to react, wherein MgO and the reducing agent undergo reduction reaction to generate magnesium vapor, and solid magnesium can be obtained by collection; meanwhile, the reducing slag may contain CaO and SiO according to different components2And mixtures of the above, the mixture mainly comprising dicalcium silicate (2 CaO. SiO)2) The compound exists in a form which can be used as a raw material of cement; the compound containing magnesium can be used as a refractory material, so that the recycling of the purified ash is realized, and the green and environment-friendly treatment of the purified ash in the calcium carbide production is realized; and the process is simple, low in cost and easy to popularize.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a process diagram of a calcium carbide purification ash treatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a calcium carbide purification ash treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 2, 1-ash purification bin, 2-reducing agent bin, 3-catalyst bin, 4-quicklime bin, 5-1-first meter, 5-2-second meter, 5-3-third meter, 5-4-fourth meter, 6-powder mixer, 7-ball making machine, 8-reduction component, 9-magnesium metal, 10-reduction slag bin
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and examples, and the advantages and various effects of the present invention will be more clearly apparent therefrom. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that these specific embodiments and examples are for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Throughout the specification, unless otherwise specifically noted, terms used herein should be understood as having meanings as commonly used in the art. Accordingly, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. If there is a conflict, the present specification will control.
Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.
In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention provides the following general ideas:
in one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a calcium carbide purification ash treatment method, which, with reference to fig. 1, includes,
s1, mixing the calcium carbide purification ash, a reducing agent and a catalyst to obtain a mixture;
s2, heating the mixture to a temperature of more than or equal to 1150 ℃ under a vacuum condition that the pressure is less than or equal to 15Pa, and carrying out reduction reaction for more than or equal to 8 hours to obtain magnesium vapor and reducing slag.
The calcium carbide purification ash contains CaO, MgO and SiO2Wherein, MgO and a reducing agent are subjected to reduction reaction to generate magnesium vapor, and solid magnesium can be obtained by collection; meanwhile, the reducing slag may contain CaO and SiO according to the difference of the reducing agent2And mixtures of the above, the mixture mainly comprising dicalcium silicate (2 CaO. SiO)2) The compound exists in a form which can be used as a raw material of cement; the reducing slag may also be a magnesium-containing compound which can be used as a refractory material, thereby realizing the recycling of the purification ash, realizing the green and environment-friendly treatment of the purification ash in the calcium carbide production and simultaneously obtaining metal magnesium. The reaction process does not need to add any liquid, and is completely different from the traditional method for treating the purified ash by a wet method. The heating temperature is too low, the reduction reaction can not occur, and the recycling of the purified ash can not be realized. The reduction reaction is a reaction of increasing pressure of magnesium vapor, and can be carried out towards the direction of producing magnesium vapor under the vacuum condition; alternatively, the magnesium vapor can be collected under vacuum to obtain solid magnesium metal. The reaction time is too short, the reduction reaction is incomplete, and the green recycling of calcium carbide purification ash cannot be realizedThe application is as follows.
As an implementation manner of the embodiment of the invention, the heating temperature is 1150-1200 ℃, and the reduction reaction time is 8-10 h. The heating temperature is too high, so that the cost is increased; the reduction reaction time is too long, which affects the production efficiency.
As an implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, the vacuum pressure is 10-15 Pa. The equipment capacity is limited, the over-small vacuum pressure is difficult to realize, the over-large vacuum pressure is too high, and the effect of promoting the reduction reaction is poor.
As an implementation manner of the embodiment of the invention, the calcium carbide purification ash, the reducing agent and the catalyst are mixed to obtain a mixture, which comprises,
mixing the calcium carbide purification ash, a reducing agent and a catalyst and pelletizing to obtain a mixture with the particle size of 20-40 mm.
The ball making can increase the effective contact area between the raw materials, provide the dynamic condition of the reduction reaction, promote the reduction reaction, shorten the time of the reduction reaction and improve the production efficiency; and the balls are not loosened after the reaction is finished, so that gaps among the balls provide channels for diffusion of magnesium vapor generated by reduction in the reduction reaction process, and the collection of the magnesium vapor is facilitated. The shape of the mixture obtained by pelletizing may be spherical, ellipsoidal or apricot kernel, so that the particle size here is understood to be the maximum length dimension of the mixture.
As an implementation mode of the embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio of the calcium carbide purification ash to the reducing agent to the catalyst is 98-102: 16-20:0.8-1.2.
As an implementation of the embodiments of the present invention, the catalyst is fluorite. The fluorite comprises CaF as main component2The catalyst is added into the raw materials as a catalyst, so that the temperature and time of the reduction reaction can be reduced, and the energy is saved.
As an implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, the reducing agent includes, but is not limited to, any one of the following: silicon iron, carbon and aluminum.
When the reducing agent is ferrosilicon, the reduction reaction is as follows: 2MgO +2CaO + Si ═ 2Mg ≠ +2 CaO. SiO2If silicon is selectedIron is used as reducing agent, and quicklime can be added into the mixture, and can be mixed with SiO in purified ash or reduction product2The dicalcium silicate is generated by combination, the forward progress of the reduction reaction is promoted, and the reduction rate is improved. When the mixture contains quicklime, the mass ratio of the calcium carbide purified ash to the quicklime to the reducing agent to the catalyst is 98-102: 25-35: 16-20:0.8-1.2.
When the reducing agent is carbon, the main reduction reactions are: 2MgO + C ═ 2Mg ≠ + CO2×) and the main component of the reducing slag after reduction is 2 CaO. SiO2And CaO, which is a raw material for cement.
When the reducing agent is aluminum, the main reduction reaction is as follows: 4MgO +2Al ═ 3Mg ≠ MgAl2O4The reduced slag mainly comprises MgAl2O4And CaO. SiO2The composition can be used as a good refractory material.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a device used in the calcium carbide purification ash treatment method, and with reference to fig. 2, the device comprises a purification ash bin 1, a reducing agent bin 2, a catalyst bin 3, a powder mixer 6 and a reduction assembly 8.
Wherein, the inlet of the powder mixer 6 is respectively communicated with the inlet of the ash purification bin 1, the inlet of the reducing agent bin 2 and the inlet of the catalyst bin 3, and the outlet of the powder mixer 6 is communicated with the inlet of the reduction component 8; the reduction assembly 8 can comprise a reduction tank, and a vacuumizing unit and a heater which are arranged on the reduction tank; the purification ash bin 1 is used for storing purification ash, the reducing agent bin 2 is used for storing a reducing agent, the catalyst bin 3 is used for storing a catalyst, the powder mixer 6 is used for mixing the purification ash, the reducing agent and the catalyst, the reduction assembly 8 is used for reduction reaction of a mixture, the vacuumizing unit is used for providing vacuum conditions of the reduction reaction, and the heater is used for heating the mixture.
The powder mixer 6 may be a phi 1800 edge runner mill of zhengzhou great-city metallurgical equipment limited or a phi 2400x8000 ball mill of henan zheng ore machinery limited, and any powder mixer capable of realizing the functions of the present invention may be used in the present invention, and is not specifically limited herein. The reduction tank may be a high temperature resistant reduction tank phi 350x4000mm manufactured by Shandong Jinning alloy casting Steel Co., Ltd, or any reduction tank capable of realizing the functions of the present invention, and is not particularly limited herein. The vacuumizing unit can be a Zhejiang Shen vacuum equipment manufacturing company JZCF 1200-8 vacuum unit or any vacuum unit capable of realizing the functions of the invention, and is not particularly limited herein. The heater may be a winding of an electric heating cylinder of the Luoyang Sigma high temperature electric furnace Co., Ltd, or may be any heater capable of realizing the function of the present invention, and is not particularly limited herein.
As an implementation mode of the embodiment of the invention, the device can also comprise a ball making machine 7, the inlet of the ball making machine 7 is communicated with the outlet of the powder mixer 6, the outlet of the ball making machine 7 is communicated with the inlet of the reduction component, and the ball making machine can be used for making a mixture with the grain diameter of 20-40 mm. The ball making machine 7 can be a high-pressure double-roller ball pressing machine which is a type LYQ-5 of Zhengzhou great wall metallurgical equipment Limited company, has the yield of 5.0t/h and the power of a power motor of 90kw +18.5kw and is compressed by a double motor, and is made into an apricot-kernel-shaped mixed material mass, the specification of which is 40x25x14mm, or any other ball making machine, and the ball making machine can be used for the ball making machine as long as the function of the invention can be realized, and the ball making machine is not particularly limited.
As an implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus may further include a first meter 5-1, a second meter 5-2 and a third meter 5-3,
wherein, the inlet of the first meter 5-1 is communicated with the outlet of the purified ash bin 1, the outlet of the first meter 5-1 is communicated with the inlet of the powder mixer 6, the inlet of the second meter 5-2 is communicated with the outlet of the reducing agent bin 2, the outlet of the second meter 5-2 is communicated with the inlet of the powder mixer 6, the inlet of the third meter 5-3 is communicated with the outlet of the catalyst bin 3, and the outlet of the third meter 5-3 is communicated with the inlet of the powder mixer 6; the first meter 5-1 is used for controlling the adding quality of the purified ash, the second meter 5-2 is used for controlling the adding quality of the reducing agent, and the third meter 5-3 is used for controlling the adding quality of the catalyst, so that accurate proportioning is realized.
As an implementation manner of the embodiment of the invention, the device can further comprise a quicklime bin 4, the quicklime bin 4 can be used for storing quicklime, an outlet of the quicklime bin 4 is communicated with an inlet of the powder mixer 6, and the quicklime bin 4 is used for storing quicklime. When the reducing agent is ferrosilicon, a quicklime bin can be opened to add quicklime into the mixture to promote the reduction reaction and improve the reduction rate.
As an implementation mode of the embodiment of the invention, the device can also comprise a fourth meter 5-4, the fourth meter 5-4 can be used for controlling the adding quality of the quicklime, the inlet of the fourth meter 5-4 is communicated with the outlet of the quicklime bin 4, and the outlet of the fourth meter 5-4 is communicated with the inlet of the powder mixer 6
The first meter 5-1, the second meter 5-2, the third meter 5-3 and the fourth meter 5-4 can be weight loss type weight loss scales with the model number of ICS-500 x 1250-XE of Shanghai Fufeng electronic Co., Ltd, the weighing precision of +/-5% and the conveying capacity of 2-10t/h, or can be any other meters capable of realizing the functions of the invention, and the weight loss scales are not particularly limited herein.
The method and the device for treating calcium carbide purification ash according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, comparative examples and experimental data.
Example 1
Embodiment 1 provides a method for treating calcium carbide purification ash, which specifically comprises the following steps:
the components (mass fraction) are MgO: 37.36 percent of CaO, 40.9 percent of CaO, and SiO28.12 percent of purified ash, the balance being impurities, quicklime obtained by calcining limestone, standard No. 75 ferrosilicon and CaF2The mass fraction is 95% fluorite, and the ratio of 100: 30: the materials are mixed according to the mass ratio of 18:1 and then are uniformly mixed to prepare the apricot-core pellet mixture of 40x25x12 mm. 200kg of mixed material is placed in a reduction tank with the diameter of 350x4000mm and sealed; heating the reduction pot to 1180 deg.C by electric heating cylinder coil, vacuumizing the reduction pot by vacuum unit while controlling vacuum degree at 13Pa, and reducing for 8 hr to obtain 28.6kg magnesium metal and 167kg dicalcium silicate (2 CaO. SiO)2) The main component of the reducing slag is used for manufacturing cement, and the magnesium metal is recycled.
Example 2
the components (mass fraction) are MgO: 35.58 percent of CaO, 44.69 percent of CaO, and SiO29.6 percent of purified ash, the balance of impurities, quicklime obtained by calcining limestone, standard No. 75 ferrosilicon and CaF295% fluorite in a mass fraction of 99: 26: the materials are mixed according to the mixture ratio of 17:1.2 and then are uniformly mixed to prepare the apricot-core pellet mixture of 40x25x12 mm. Putting 200kg of mixed material into a phi 350x4000mm reduction tank, and sealing; heating the reduction pot to 1190 deg.C by electric heating cylinder coil, vacuumizing the reduction pot by vacuum unit while controlling vacuum degree at 15Pa, and reducing for 9 hr to collect 28.1kg magnesium metal and 169kg dicalcium silicate (2 CaO. SiO)2) The main component of the reducing slag is used for manufacturing cement, and the magnesium metal is recycled.
Example 3
the components (mass fraction) are MgO: 39.26%, CaO 42.78%, SiO28.2 percent of purified ash, the balance being impurities, quicklime obtained by calcining limestone, standard No. 75 ferrosilicon and CaF295% fluorite in mass fraction, and the mass fraction is calculated according to the following formula (101): 32: the materials are mixed according to the mixing ratio of 19:1.1, and then are uniformly mixed to prepare a mixture with the particle size of 35 mm. Putting 200kg of mixed material into a phi 350x4000mm reduction tank, and sealing; heating the reduction tank to 1170 deg.C with electric heating cylinder coil, vacuumizing the reduction tank with vacuum unit, controlling vacuum degree at 11Pa, maintaining reduction for 10 hr, collecting 29.4kg magnesium metal and 166kg dicalcium silicate (2 CaO. SiO)2) The main component of the reducing slag is used for manufacturing cement, and the magnesium metal is recycled.
Example 4
Embodiment 4 provides a method for treating calcium carbide purification ash, which specifically comprises the following steps:
the components (mass fraction) are MgO: 36.33 percent of CaO, 44.38 percent of CaO％、SiO29.1 percent of purified ash, the balance being impurities, quicklime obtained by calcining limestone, standard No. 75 ferrosilicon and CaF2The mass fraction is 95% fluorite, and the ratio of 98: 28: the materials are mixed according to the mixing ratio of 16:0.8 and then are uniformly mixed to prepare a mixture with the particle size of 30 mm. Putting 200kg of mixed material into a phi 350x4000mm reduction tank, and sealing; heating the reduction tank to 1170 deg.C with electric heating cylinder coil, simultaneously vacuumizing the reduction tank with vacuum unit, controlling vacuum degree at 13Pa, maintaining reduction for 9.5 hr, collecting 28.3kg magnesium metal and 167kg dicalcium silicate (2 CaO. SiO)2) The main component of the reducing slag is used for manufacturing cement, and the magnesium metal is recycled.
Example 5
Embodiment 5 provides a method for treating calcium carbide purification ash, which takes embodiment 1 as a reference, and is different from embodiment 1 in that: the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that Si-Fe was replaced with carbon. 27.1kg of magnesium metal and 24.7kg of CO were collected by reduction2Gas emission, 146kg with 2 CaO. SiO2And reducing slag with CaO as main component, wherein the magnesium metal can be reused, and the reducing slag is used for manufacturing cement.
Example 6
Example 7
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 provides a method for treating calcium carbide purification ash, which takes the example 1 as a reference and is different from the example 1 in that: the heating temperature of the reduction pot was 1000 ℃ and the rest was the same as in example 1. After the reaction, 18.6kg of metallic magnesium and 179kg of reducing slag containing dicalcium silicate (2 CaO. SiO2) and MgO. CaO as main components were collected.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 provides a method for treating calcium carbide purification ash, which takes the example 1 as a reference and is different from the example 1 in that: the reaction pressure was atmospheric pressure, and the rest was the same as in example 1. Under these conditions, substantially no reduction reaction occurs, i.e., metallic magnesium cannot be produced.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 provides a method for treating calcium carbide purification ash, which takes the example 1 as a reference and is different from the example 1 in that: the reduction time was 6 hours, and the rest was the same as in example 1. After the reaction, 12.7kg of metallic magnesium and 185kg of reducing slag containing dicalcium silicate (2 CaO. SiO2) and MgO. CaO as main components were collected.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 provides a method for treating calcium carbide purification ash, which takes the example 1 as a reference and is different from the example 1 in that: the heating temperature of the reduction tank was 1000 ℃, the reaction pressure was atmospheric pressure, and the reduction reaction time was 6 hours, the rest being the same as in example 1. Under these conditions, substantially no reduction reaction occurs, i.e., metallic magnesium cannot be produced.
The invention provides a calcium carbide purification ash treatment method and a calcium carbide purification ash treatment device, wherein the calcium carbide purification ash contains CaO, MgO and SiO2On the premise of not adding any liquid, the magnesium oxide is mixed with a reducing agent and a catalyst, and then is heated under the vacuum condition to react, wherein MgO and the reducing agent undergo a reduction reaction to generate magnesium vapor, and solid magnesium can be obtained through collection; at the same time, the reducing slag may contain different componentsWith CaO and SiO2And mixtures of the above, the mixture mainly comprising dicalcium silicate (2 CaO. SiO)2) The compound exists in a form which can be used as a raw material of cement; the compound containing magnesium can be used as a refractory material, so that the recycling of the purified ash is realized, and the green and environment-friendly treatment of the purified ash in the calcium carbide production is realized; and the process is simple, low in cost and easy to popularize.
Finally, it should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A calcium carbide purification ash treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps,
mixing calcium carbide purification ash, a reducing agent and a catalyst to obtain a mixture;
the mixture is heated to the temperature of more than or equal to 1150 ℃ under the vacuum condition that the pressure is less than or equal to 15Pa, and the reduction reaction is carried out for more than or equal to 8 hours, so as to obtain magnesium vapor and reducing slag.
2. The calcium carbide purification ash treatment method as recited in claim 1, wherein the heating temperature is 1150-1200 ℃, and the time of the reduction reaction is 8-10 h.
3. The calcium carbide purification ash treatment method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vacuum pressure is 10-15 Pa.
4. The calcium carbide purification ash treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the calcium carbide purification ash, a reducing agent and a catalyst are mixed to obtain a mixture, comprising,
mixing the calcium carbide purification ash, a reducing agent and a catalyst and pelletizing to obtain a mixture with the particle size of 20-40 mm.
5. The calcium carbide purification ash treatment method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the calcium carbide purification ash to the reducing agent to the catalyst is 98-102: 16-20:0.8-1.2.
6. The calcium carbide purification ash treatment method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the catalyst is fluorite.
7. The calcium carbide purification ash treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the reducing agent is any one of the following: silicon iron, carbon and aluminum.
8. The device for the calcium carbide purification ash treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the device comprises a purification ash bin, a reducing agent bin, a catalyst bin, a powder mixer and a reduction component; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the inlet of the powder mixer is respectively communicated with the inlet of the ash purification bin, the inlet of the reducing agent bin and the inlet of the catalyst bin, the outlet of the powder mixer is communicated with the inlet of the reduction assembly,
the reduction assembly comprises a reduction tank, and a vacuumizing unit and a heater which are arranged on the reduction tank;
the purification ash bin is used for storing purification ash, the reducing agent bin is used for storing a reducing agent, the catalyst bin is used for storing a catalyst, the powder mixer is used for mixing the purification ash, the reducing agent and the catalyst, the reduction assembly is used for reducing reaction of a mixture, the vacuumizing unit is used for providing vacuum conditions of the reduction reaction, and the heater is used for heating the mixture.
9. The calcium carbide purification ash treatment device according to claim 8, further comprising a ball making machine, wherein an inlet of the ball making machine is communicated with an outlet of the powder mixer, and an outlet of the ball making machine is communicated with an inlet of the reduction assembly; the ball making machine is used for making a mixture with the grain diameter of 20-40 mm.
10. The calcium carbide purification ash treatment device as claimed in claim 8, further comprising a first meter, a second meter and a third meter, wherein,
the inlet of the first metering device is communicated with the outlet of the purified ash bin, the outlet of the first metering device is communicated with the inlet of the powder mixer, the inlet of the second metering device is communicated with the outlet of the reducing agent bin, the outlet of the second metering device is communicated with the inlet of the powder mixer, the inlet of the third metering device is communicated with the outlet of the catalyst bin, and the outlet of the third metering device is communicated with the inlet of the powder mixer;
the first meter is used for controlling the adding quality of the purified ash, the second meter is used for controlling the adding quality of the reducing agent, and the third meter is used for controlling the adding quality of the catalyst.
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