CN112624168A - Waste liquid treatment method of aluminum-air battery - Google Patents
Waste liquid treatment method of aluminum-air battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN112624168A CN112624168A CN202011554676.7A CN202011554676A CN112624168A CN 112624168 A CN112624168 A CN 112624168A CN 202011554676 A CN202011554676 A CN 202011554676A CN 112624168 A CN112624168 A CN 112624168A
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- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- solid phase
- primary
- waste liquid
- filtrate
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical group [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 aluminum ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- JGDITNMASUZKPW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.Cl[Al](Cl)Cl JGDITNMASUZKPW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940063656 aluminum chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940009861 aluminum chloride hexahydrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
- C01F7/46—Purification of aluminium oxide, aluminium hydroxide or aluminates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D3/00—Halides of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01D3/04—Chlorides
- C01D3/06—Preparation by working up brines; seawater or spent lyes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
- C01F7/04—Preparation of alkali metal aluminates; Aluminium oxide or hydroxide therefrom
- C01F7/14—Aluminium oxide or hydroxide from alkali metal aluminates
Abstract
The invention discloses a waste liquid treatment method of an aluminum-air battery, which comprises the following steps: s1: after the aluminum-air battery is discharged, the electrolyte becomes strong alkali waste liquid containing aluminum hydroxide precipitate and metaaluminate; s2: primary solid phase and primary filtrate are obtained by primary precipitation and filtration; s3: washing the primary solid phase with water to obtain primary aluminum hydroxide particles, diluting the primary filtrate with water washing liquid, precipitating and filtering again to obtain a secondary solid phase and a secondary filtrate, and washing the secondary solid phase with water; s4: adding aluminum salt into the secondary filtrate, adjusting the pH value to be neutral, carrying out tertiary precipitation and filtration to obtain a tertiary solid phase and a tertiary filtrate, drying the tertiary solid phase to obtain secondary aluminum hydroxide particles, directly using the secondary aluminum hydroxide particles as a raw material or calcining the secondary solid phase to obtain an aluminum oxide product, and drying and crystallizing the tertiary filtrate to obtain an inorganic salt product. The method for treating the waste liquid of the aluminum-air battery can realize harmless treatment of the waste liquid and graded recycling of high-value aluminum hydroxide, and meanwhile, inorganic salt products are by-produced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal air batteries, in particular to a waste liquid treatment method of an aluminum air battery.
Background
The metal air battery is also called as a metal air fuel battery or a metal fuel battery, and the metal air battery is a power generation/energy storage device which directly converts chemical energy of light metal such as magnesium and aluminum serving as fuel into electric energy by taking metal such as high-purity aluminum and magnesium serving as a negative electrode, oxygen serving as a positive electrode, potassium hydroxide solution, sodium hydroxide solution or sodium chloride solution serving as electrolyte and the like. The lithium ion battery has the advantages of high specific energy density, low cost, high safety, low heat radiation, low noise, long storage time, long discharge life, wide adaptive temperature range, rich resources, greenness, no pollution and the like; has great commercial application prospect.
However, the electrolyte in the metal-air battery has a long service life, cannot be recycled for an unlimited number of times, discharge and corrosion occur simultaneously under alkaline conditions, and the reaction product is soluble Al (OH)4And insoluble Al (OH)3White gummy precipitate and as the reaction proceeds, but OH-The ion concentration is reduced, which causes the performance of the battery to be attenuated, so that the waste liquid in the operation process of the metal-air battery has to be treated. Meanwhile, the existing method for treating the waste liquid of the metal-air battery cannot realize the complete recycling of aluminum ions in metaaluminate in the waste liquid, so that not only is the resource seriously wasted, but also the ecological environment is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a waste liquid treatment method of an aluminum-air battery, which aims to solve the problems that aluminum ions in the waste liquid of the existing metal-air battery cannot be completely recovered or the recovery and utilization values are low.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a waste liquid treatment method of an aluminum-air battery comprises the following steps:
s1: the electrolyte participates in chemical reaction in the aluminum-air battery, and after the battery discharge is finished, the electrolyte becomes strong alkali waste liquid containing aluminum hydroxide precipitate and metaaluminate; the pH value of the strong alkali waste liquid is more than 14;
s2: pumping the strong base waste liquid obtained in the step S1 into a filter for primary precipitation and filtration, and obtaining a primary solid phase and a primary filtrate after filtration and separation;
s3: washing the primary solid phase obtained in the step S2 in a washing tank, wherein the washed primary solid phase is dried to obtain a primary aluminum hydroxide particle product, a washing solution is used for diluting the primary filtrate obtained in the step S2, the primary filtrate is diluted and stirred and then precipitated and filtered again, a secondary solid phase and a secondary filtrate are obtained after filtration and separation, and the secondary solid phase returns to the washing tank and is washed with the primary solid phase obtained in the step S2;
s4: stirring the secondary filtrate obtained in the step S3, adding aluminum salt, adjusting the pH value to be neutral, carrying out tertiary precipitation and filtration operation, filtering and separating to obtain a tertiary solid phase and a tertiary filtrate, drying the tertiary solid phase to obtain secondary aluminum hydroxide particles, wherein the secondary aluminum hydroxide particles can be directly used as raw materials or calcined to obtain an aluminum oxide product, and drying and crystallizing the tertiary filtrate to obtain an inorganic salt product.
Further, the electrolyte is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
Further, the aluminum salt is a salt containing aluminum ions, and is preferably aluminum chloride or aluminum chloride hexahydrate.
Further, the inorganic salt product is sodium chloride or potassium chloride.
Further, the pH value is 6.0-8.0.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method for treating the waste liquid of the aluminum-air battery realizes the recycling of all high-value ions in the waste liquid by utilizing the washing of deionized water and the addition of aluminum salt and combining a method of filtering and precipitating step by step.
According to the method for treating the waste liquid of the aluminum-air battery, the pH value of the liquid after the waste liquid treatment is neutral, and the problem of strong alkali corrosion is solved.
The method for treating the waste liquid of the aluminum-air battery realizes the graded recycling of high-value aluminum ions in the waste liquid and creates the highest recycling value.
The method for treating the waste liquid of the aluminum-air battery also realizes the complete recycling of the salt such as sodium chloride or potassium chloride in the waste liquid, and further improves the recycling value of the waste liquid.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a waste liquid treatment method of an aluminum-air battery of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description is presented to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the method for treating waste liquid of an aluminum-air battery of the present embodiment includes the following steps:
s1: the electrolyte participates in chemical reaction in the aluminum-air battery, and after the battery discharge is finished, the electrolyte becomes strong alkali waste liquid containing aluminum hydroxide precipitate and metaaluminate; the metaaluminate is electrochemically dissolved by the aluminum substrate and then separated out in an aluminum ion form, and reacts with hydroxyl in the electrolyte to form aluminum hydroxide precipitate, and partial aluminum hydroxide precipitate further reacts with hydroxyl ions in the electrolyte to obtain metaaluminate; the electrolyte prepared in a fresh mode is a high-concentration sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution, when the electrolyte participates in the electrochemical reaction of the aluminum air battery, electrolyte waste liquid containing metaaluminate is obtained, and the pH value of the electrolyte waste liquid is larger than 14;
s2: pumping the strong base waste liquid obtained in the step S1 into a filter for primary precipitation and filtration, and obtaining a primary solid phase and a primary filtrate after filtration and separation; the metaaluminate radical is hydrolyzed to generate aluminum hydroxide solid, the reaction process belongs to reversible reaction, and the solid-liquid two-phase effective separation is realized through the filtering action of a filter;
s3: washing the primary solid phase obtained in the step S2 in a washing tank, wherein the washed primary solid phase is dried to obtain a primary aluminum hydroxide particle product, a washing solution is used for diluting the primary filtrate obtained in the step S2, the primary filtrate is diluted and stirred and then precipitated and filtered again, a secondary solid phase and a secondary filtrate are obtained after filtration and separation, and the secondary solid phase returns to the washing tank and is washed with the primary solid phase obtained in the step S2; through a water washing mode, on one hand, ionic impurities attached to the surfaces of the aluminum hydroxide nanoparticles are eluted, on the other hand, water washing liquid after the ionic impurities are eluted is used for diluting primary filtrate, and further secondary filtration separation is carried out to separate out aluminum metaaluminate which is not completely hydrolyzed during primary precipitation and filtration in the form of aluminum hydroxide solid; a large amount of metaaluminate is recycled in the form of high-value first-grade aluminum hydroxide nanoparticle products through fractional precipitation filtration and circular water washing;
s4: stirring the secondary filtrate obtained in the step S3, adding aluminum salt which is aluminum chloride or aluminum chloride hexahydrate, adjusting the pH value to 6.0-8.0, carrying out tertiary precipitation filtration operation, obtaining a tertiary solid phase and a tertiary filtrate after filtration and separation, drying the tertiary solid phase to obtain secondary aluminum hydroxide particles, wherein the secondary aluminum hydroxide particles can be directly used as a raw material or calcined to obtain an aluminum oxide product, and drying and crystallizing the tertiary filtrate to obtain a sodium chloride or potassium chloride inorganic salt product. Aluminum salt is added, aluminum ions in the aluminum salt promote the hydrolysis reaction of metaaluminate radical, the reversible reaction is carried out rightwards, aluminum hydroxide precipitate is generated, meanwhile, the solution after the reaction is neutral, the problem of alkali corrosion does not exist, after three times of precipitation and filtration operation, a byproduct sodium chloride or potassium chloride inorganic salt product is obtained from the filtrate, and secondary aluminum hydroxide particles can be obtained after three times of solid phase drying and calcination.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (5)
1. The method for treating the waste liquid of the aluminum-air battery is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: the electrolyte participates in chemical reaction in the aluminum-air battery, and after the battery discharge is finished, the electrolyte becomes strong alkali waste liquid containing aluminum hydroxide precipitate and metaaluminate;
s2: pumping the strong base waste liquid obtained in the step S1 into a filter for primary precipitation and filtration, and obtaining a primary solid phase and a primary filtrate after filtration and separation;
s3: washing the primary solid phase obtained in the step S2 in a washing tank, wherein the washed primary solid phase is dried to obtain a primary aluminum hydroxide particle product, a washing solution is used for diluting the primary filtrate obtained in the step S2, the primary filtrate is diluted and stirred and then precipitated and filtered again, a secondary solid phase and a secondary filtrate are obtained after filtration and separation, and the secondary solid phase returns to the washing tank and is washed with the primary solid phase obtained in the step S2;
s4: stirring the secondary filtrate obtained in the step S3, adding aluminum salt, adjusting the pH value to be neutral, carrying out tertiary precipitation and filtration operation, filtering and separating to obtain a tertiary solid phase and a tertiary filtrate, drying the tertiary solid phase to obtain secondary aluminum hydroxide particles, wherein the secondary aluminum hydroxide particles can be directly used as raw materials or calcined to obtain an aluminum oxide product, and drying and crystallizing the tertiary filtrate to obtain an inorganic salt product.
2. The method for treating waste liquid of an aluminum-air battery according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
3. The method of treating a waste liquid of an aluminum-air battery according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum salt is a salt containing aluminum ions, preferably aluminum chloride or aluminum chloride hexahydrate.
4. The method for treating waste liquid of an aluminum-air battery according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic salt product is sodium chloride or potassium chloride.
5. The method for treating waste liquid of an aluminum-air battery according to claim 1, wherein the pH is 6.0 to 8.0.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN202011554676.7A CN112624168A (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2020-12-24 | Waste liquid treatment method of aluminum-air battery |
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CN202011554676.7A CN112624168A (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2020-12-24 | Waste liquid treatment method of aluminum-air battery |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114044533A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-02-15 | 中国科学技术大学 | Energy-saving process for producing aluminum chloride |
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CN104495890A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-04-08 | 昆明冶金研究院 | Recycling process of sodium aluminate solution in aluminum-air battery preparation process |
CN106410330A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-02-15 | 深圳市锐劲宝能源电子有限公司 | Aluminum-air battery recycling method |
CN106575807A (en) * | 2014-04-03 | 2017-04-19 | 斐源有限公司 | Method for regenerating alkaline solutions |
CN106663830A (en) * | 2014-04-13 | 2017-05-10 | 奥科宁克有限公司 | Systems and methods for regeneration of aqueous alkaline solution |
CN108493508A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-09-04 | 中南大学 | The recovery method and system of aluminium in aluminium-air cell electrolyte |
CN110380159A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-10-25 | 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 | A kind of aluminium-air cell and its electrolyte recoverying and utilizing method |
CN111470661A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-07-31 | 斯瑞尔环境科技股份有限公司 | Method for recovering and preparing aluminum-containing compound and sulfite from aluminum-containing waste alkali liquor |
-
2020
- 2020-12-24 CN CN202011554676.7A patent/CN112624168A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106575807A (en) * | 2014-04-03 | 2017-04-19 | 斐源有限公司 | Method for regenerating alkaline solutions |
CN106663830A (en) * | 2014-04-13 | 2017-05-10 | 奥科宁克有限公司 | Systems and methods for regeneration of aqueous alkaline solution |
CN104495890A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-04-08 | 昆明冶金研究院 | Recycling process of sodium aluminate solution in aluminum-air battery preparation process |
CN106410330A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-02-15 | 深圳市锐劲宝能源电子有限公司 | Aluminum-air battery recycling method |
CN108493508A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-09-04 | 中南大学 | The recovery method and system of aluminium in aluminium-air cell electrolyte |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN114044533A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-02-15 | 中国科学技术大学 | Energy-saving process for producing aluminum chloride |
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Application publication date: 20210409 |