CN112622848B - Brake-by-wire system and car - Google Patents
Brake-by-wire system and car Download PDFInfo
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- CN112622848B CN112622848B CN202011549255.5A CN202011549255A CN112622848B CN 112622848 B CN112622848 B CN 112622848B CN 202011549255 A CN202011549255 A CN 202011549255A CN 112622848 B CN112622848 B CN 112622848B
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/17—Using electrical or electronic regulation means to control braking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
- B60T17/18—Safety devices; Monitoring
- B60T17/22—Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/17—Using electrical or electronic regulation means to control braking
- B60T8/171—Detecting parameters used in the regulation; Measuring values used in the regulation
Abstract
The present disclosure provides a brake-by-wire system and an automobile, the brake-by-wire system including: the vehicle control unit is used for outputting a first braking instruction to the brake controller and the electronic calipers; the sensor assembly is used for detecting the opening degree of a brake pedal and the rotating speed of each wheel; the brake controller is used for determining a target braking force of the electronic caliper based on the opening degree of a brake pedal and the rotating speed of a wheel corresponding to the electronic caliper, and outputting a second brake instruction under the control of the first brake instruction; the electronic caliper is used for outputting a target braking force under the control of the second braking instruction, or determining the target braking force based on the opening degree of the brake pedal and the rotating speed of the wheel corresponding to the electronic caliper, and outputting the target braking force under the control of the first braking instruction. The brake-by-wire system can guarantee normal braking of the brake-by-wire system when the brake controller fails, hydraulic equipment does not need to be added, and development cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of vehicle control, in particular to a line control power system and an automobile.
Background
Along with the intellectualization of automobiles, a hydraulic braking system is difficult to meet the scene application requirements in automatic driving, intelligent networking and active braking, a brake-by-wire system follows the scene application requirements, and the brake-by-wire system has the advantages of simple arrangement, low failure rate, simple maintenance and lower cost.
Brake-by-wire systems typically comprise: the brake system comprises a brake pedal, a vehicle control unit, a brake controller and an electronic caliper for braking the wheels of the automobile, wherein when the fact that a driver needs to brake is detected, the vehicle control unit sends a control signal to the brake controller, and the brake controller controls the electronic caliper to output corresponding brake force based on the control signal and the opening degree condition of the brake pedal so as to brake the automobile. However, in the line control brake system, once the brake controller fails, the electronic caliper is out of control, the brake force cannot be output, and safety risk exists.
In the related art, in order to reduce the safety risk, one electronic caliper is usually replaced by a hydraulic brake caliper, the hydraulic brake caliper is controlled by a hydraulic assembly consisting of an electromagnetic valve and a brake master cylinder, and the hydraulic assembly is controlled by a vehicle control unit, so that the vehicle brake can be realized through the hydraulic brake caliper even if the brake control unit fails.
However, in the hybrid brake system of the hydraulic brake and the brake-by-wire, hydraulic devices such as a hydraulic valve and a brake master cylinder need to be added, which undoubtedly increases the development cost of the brake system of the automobile, and the whole brake system needs more parts and is inconvenient to install.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a brake-by-wire system and an automobile, which can ensure normal braking of the brake-by-wire system when a brake controller fails, improve safety, avoid the need of adding hydraulic equipment and reduce development cost. The technical scheme is as follows:
the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a brake-by-wire system, which includes: the vehicle control unit is electrically connected with the brake controller, the electronic calipers are respectively electrically connected with the vehicle control unit and the brake controller, and the sensor assembly is respectively electrically connected with the vehicle control unit, the brake controller and the electronic calipers; the vehicle control unit is used for outputting a first braking instruction to the braking controller and the electronic calipers; the sensor assembly is used for detecting the opening degree of a brake pedal and the rotating speed of each wheel; the brake controller is used for determining a target braking force of the electronic caliper based on the opening degree of a brake pedal and the rotating speed of a wheel corresponding to the electronic caliper, and outputting a second brake instruction under the control of the first brake instruction; the electronic caliper is used for outputting the target braking force under the control of the second braking instruction, or determining the target braking force based on the opening degree of a brake pedal and the rotating speed of a wheel corresponding to the electronic caliper, and outputting the target braking force under the control of the first braking instruction.
In an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the brake-by-wire system includes a plurality of electronic calipers with different priorities, where the electronic caliper with the highest priority is configured to determine, when receiving the first brake instruction and not receiving the second brake instruction, a target braking force of each electronic caliper with a priority not higher than its own priority, and output a third brake instruction to each electronic caliper with a priority lower than its own priority; all the electronic calipers with the priority lower than the highest priority are also used for determining the target braking force of each electronic caliper with the priority not higher than the priority of the electronic calipers and outputting a third braking instruction to each electronic caliper with the priority lower than the priority of the electronic calipers under the conditions that the first braking instruction is received, the second braking instruction is not received and the third braking instruction output by the electronic calipers with the priority higher than the electronic calipers is not received; the electronic caliper is further configured to output the target braking force under control of the third braking command.
In another implementation manner of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the electronic caliper includes a microcomputer and a caliper body that are connected, the microcomputers of the electronic caliper are all electrically connected to each other, the electronic caliper is connected to the brake controller, the microcomputer is connected to the vehicle control unit, and the electronic caliper is configured to output the target braking force under the control of the brake controller or the microcomputer.
In another implementation of the disclosed embodiment, the ratio of the target braking force of the electronic caliper for braking the front wheel of the vehicle to the target braking force of the electronic caliper for braking the rear wheel of the vehicle is 7:3 to 8: 2.
In another implementation manner of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the caliper body includes a brake motor, a brake screw, a brake block, a floating caliper arm, and two brake pads, the brake motor is electrically connected to the microcomputer, an output shaft of the brake motor is in transmission connection with one end of the brake screw, the brake block is in threaded connection with the other end of the screw, an end surface of the brake block opposite to the brake screw is fixed to one of the brake pads, the floating caliper arm has a first connection end and a second connection end, the first connection end is connected to a housing of the brake motor, and the second connection end is connected to the other brake pad.
In another implementation of the disclosed embodiment, the brake motor includes: the brake device comprises a shell, a drive assembly and a planetary gear train, wherein the drive assembly, the planetary gear train and the microcomputer are all positioned in the shell, the planetary gear train and the microcomputer are respectively positioned at two sides of the drive assembly, an output shaft of the drive assembly is coaxially connected with a central wheel of the planetary gear train, one end of a brake screw rod is inserted into the shell and is connected with a planetary carrier of the planetary gear train, and a gear ring of the planetary gear train is fixed on the inner wall of the shell.
In another implementation manner of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the driving assembly includes the output shaft, a stator and two rotors, the stator and the two rotors are coaxially sleeved outside the output shaft, the stator is fixed on an inner wall of the housing, the rotors are circumferentially fixed to the output shaft, and the two rotors are respectively located on two sides of the stator in an axial direction of the output shaft.
In another implementation manner of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the brake screw and the planet carrier are an integral structure.
In another implementation of the disclosed embodiment, the sensor assembly includes: the whole vehicle controller is used for outputting the first braking instruction when the opening degree of the brake pedal reaches a preset value.
The embodiment of the disclosure provides an automobile, which comprises the brake-by-wire system.
The beneficial effects brought by the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure at least comprise:
the embodiment of the disclosure provides a brake-by-wire system, wherein a brake controller is electrically connected with a vehicle control unit, can receive a first brake instruction output by the vehicle control unit, and determines a target brake force of an electronic caliper based on the first brake instruction, the opening degree of a brake pedal detected by a sensor assembly and the rotating speed of each wheel, so as to control the electronic caliper to output the target brake force, thereby braking the vehicle wheels.
And the electronic calipers are electrically connected with the vehicle control unit and the sensor assembly respectively, when the brake controller breaks down, the electronic calipers can determine target braking force directly based on the opening degree of a brake pedal and the rotating speed of a wheel corresponding to the electronic calipers, and the target braking force is output under the control of the first braking instruction. Therefore, even if the brake controller fails and cannot work normally, the electronic calipers can brake normally, so that the brake-by-wire system can work normally, and the safety is improved; meanwhile, compared with the related technology, the auxiliary brake of hydraulic equipment is not needed, the development cost is low, and the installation is convenient and quick due to fewer parts.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a wire-controlled power system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a linear control system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic caliper provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
The various symbols in the figure are illustrated as follows:
1-a vehicle control unit, 12-a brake pedal sensor and 13-a wheel speed sensor;
2-a brake controller;
3-electronic caliper, 301-first electronic caliper, 302-second electronic caliper, 303-third electronic caliper, 304-fourth electronic caliper, 31-microcomputer, 32-caliper body, 321-brake motor, 322-brake screw, 323-brake block, 324-floating caliper arm, 325-brake pad, 3211-housing, 3212-output shaft, 3213-stator, 3214-rotor, 3215-ring gear, 3216-center wheel, 3217-planet wheel, 3218-planet carrier;
4-a brake disc;
a-drive assembly and B-planetary gear train.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more apparent, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The use of "first," "second," "third," and similar terms in the description and claims of the present disclosure are not intended to indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. Also, the use of the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. The word "comprise" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before "comprises" or "comprising" covers the element or item listed after "comprising" or "comprises" and its equivalents, and does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, which may also change accordingly when the absolute position of the object being described changes.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a wire control system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1, the brake-by-wire system includes: the vehicle control unit comprises a vehicle control unit 1, a brake controller 2, an electronic caliper 3 and a sensor assembly.
As shown in fig. 1, a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) 1 and a Brake System Controller (BSC) 2 are electrically connected, an electronic caliper 3 is electrically connected to the Vehicle Control Unit 1 and the Brake Controller 2, and a sensor assembly is electrically connected to the Vehicle Control Unit 1, the Brake Controller 2, and the electronic caliper 3.
The vehicle control unit 1 is configured to output a first braking command to the brake controller 2 and the electronic caliper 3. The sensor assembly is used for detecting the opening degree of a brake pedal and the rotating speed of each wheel.
The brake controller 2 is configured to determine a target braking force of the electronic caliper 3 based on an opening degree of a brake pedal and a rotation speed of a wheel corresponding to the electronic caliper 3, and output a second brake command under control of the first brake command.
Wherein the electronic caliper 3 is configured to output a target braking force under control of the second brake command, or the target braking force is determined based on the opening degree of the brake pedal and the rotation speed of the wheel corresponding to the electronic caliper 3, and the target braking force is output under control of the first brake command.
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a brake-by-wire system, wherein a brake controller is electrically connected with a vehicle control unit, can receive a first brake instruction output by the vehicle control unit, and determines a target brake force of an electronic caliper based on the first brake instruction, the opening degree of a brake pedal detected by a sensor assembly and the rotating speed of each wheel, so as to control the electronic caliper to output the target brake force, thereby braking the vehicle wheels.
In addition, because the electronic calipers are electrically connected with the vehicle control unit and the sensor assembly respectively, when the brake controller fails, the electronic calipers can determine a target braking force directly based on the opening degree of the brake pedal and the rotating speed of the wheel corresponding to the electronic calipers, and output the target braking force under the control of the first braking instruction. Therefore, even if the brake controller fails to work normally, the electronic calipers can replace the brake controller and are used for outputting target braking force according to the first braking instruction, the opening degree of a brake pedal and the rotating speed of wheels, so that the brake-by-wire system can work normally, and the safety is improved; meanwhile, compared with the related technology, the auxiliary brake of hydraulic equipment is not needed, the development cost is low, and the installation is convenient and quick due to fewer parts.
The vehicle control unit 1 may collect various signals such as an accelerator pedal signal, a brake pedal sensor 12 signal, an actuator and a sensor signal, and make a corresponding determination according to the collected signal analysis, so as to monitor the actions of each controller on the lower layer, and enable the vehicle to work normally and stably.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the brake controller 2 is an electronic control device for controlling braking of the automobile. The brake controller 2 can obtain the opening degree of a brake pedal or the rotating speed of wheels, and performs brake force distribution on the electronic calipers 3, and fault processing, diagnosis and alarm of a brake system.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1, the sensor assembly comprises: the brake pedal sensor 12 and the wheel speed sensor 13, and the brake pedal sensor 12 and the wheel speed sensor 13 are electrically connected to the brake controller 2, so that the brake controller 2 can obtain the opening degree of the brake pedal and the rotation speed of each wheel.
The brake pedal sensor 12 is a sensor for detecting the opening degree of a pedal of a service brake, and the opening degree detected by the brake pedal sensor 12 increases as the depth of stepping by the driver increases to control deceleration and parking of the vehicle.
The wheel speed sensor 13 is a sensor for measuring the rotation speed of the vehicle wheel, i.e. a component for reflecting the current vehicle speed, and the VCU can determine the current driving speed of the vehicle through the wheel speed acquired by the wheel speed sensor 13. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, each wheel is provided with a wheel speed sensor 13, so as to obtain the rotation speed corresponding to each wheel for differential speed control.
The vehicle control unit 1 is configured to output a first braking instruction when the opening degree of a brake pedal reaches a preset value. That is, the vehicle control unit 1 may be based on the opening degree condition of the brake pedal sensor 12, for example, when the opening degree of the brake pedal reaches 10%.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the preset value is greater than zero, that is, the opening degree of the brake pedal is greater than 0%, at this time, the vehicle control unit 1 may determine that the driver has an intention to brake, so as to output the first braking instruction.
The vehicle control unit may output a first brake command for instructing the brake controller 2 to determine the target braking force to control the electronic caliper 3 to output the target braking force, or for instructing the electronic caliper 3 to determine the target braking force and output the target braking force.
For example, the vehicle control unit 1 acquires that the opening degree of the brake pedal reaches 10%, that is, the opening degree of the brake pedal reaches a preset value, and determines that the driver needs to brake the vehicle at the moment, and the vehicle control unit 1 outputs a first brake instruction to the brake controller 2 to instruct the brake controller 2 to start working, or outputs the first brake instruction to the electronic calipers to instruct the electronic calipers 3 to determine a target brake force and output the target brake force.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1, the brake controller 2 may further receive active braking information, where the active braking information indicates that the vehicle is running normally under a non-adaptive cruise condition, and the vehicle controller outputs a signal that needs to be braked when the vehicle encounters an emergency dangerous condition, instead of a first braking instruction output by the vehicle controller 1 when the driver steps on the brake pedal actively. In this way, the brake controller 2 can also control the braking force of the electronic caliper 3 according to the braking signal autonomously output by the vehicle control unit 1 so as to control the braking of the vehicle.
For example, as shown in fig. 1, the brake Controller 2 and the vehicle control unit 1 may be connected via a CAN (Controller Area Network), the brake Controller 2 and the electronic caliper 3 may be connected via a CAN Network, and the vehicle control unit 1 and the electronic caliper may also be connected via a CAN Network.
As shown in fig. 1, the electronic caliper 3 comprises a microcomputer 31 and a caliper body 32 connected, the microcomputer 31 of the electronic caliper 3 being electrically connected to each other.
The electronic caliper 3 is connected with the brake controller 2, the microcomputer 31 is connected with the vehicle control unit 1, and the electronic caliper 3 is used for outputting target braking force under the control of the brake controller 2 or the microcomputer 31.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the electronic caliper 3 includes the microcomputer 31 and the caliper body 32, and the microcomputer 31 may control the caliper body 32 to output the target braking force based on the second braking instruction output by the brake controller 2. Alternatively, the microcomputer 31 determines a target braking force based on the opening degree of the brake pedal and the rotation speed of the wheel, and controls the caliper body 32 to output the target braking force to brake the wheel of the vehicle under the control of the first braking instruction output from the vehicle control unit 1.
Under the condition that the brake controller 2 has a fault, the caliper body 32 can also output a target braking force under the control of the microcomputer 31 so as to ensure that the brake-by-wire system can work normally and improve the safety; meanwhile, compared with the related art, the auxiliary brake of hydraulic equipment is not needed, the microcomputer 31 is only added in the electronic caliper 3, the development cost is lower, and the installation is convenient and quick due to the fact that the number of parts is small.
Optionally, the brake-by-wire system comprises a plurality of electronic calipers 3 of different priority.
The electronic caliper 3 with the highest priority is used for determining the target braking force of each electronic caliper 3 with the priority not higher than the own priority under the condition that the first braking instruction is received and the second braking instruction is not received, and outputting a third braking instruction to each electronic caliper 3 with the priority lower than the own priority. The electronic caliper 3 is also used to output a target braking force under the control of a third braking command.
If the electronic calipers 3 receive the first brake instruction and do not receive the second brake instruction, the brake controller 2 is indicated to be in a fault state, at this time, the electronic calipers 3 with the highest priority determine the target brake force of each electronic caliper 3 with the lower priority, and output a third brake instruction to control each electronic caliper 3 with the lower priority to output the target brake force, and the electronic calipers 3 with the highest priority are equivalent to replace the brake controller 2.
All the electronic calipers 3 with the priority lower than the highest priority are also used for determining the target braking force of each electronic caliper with the priority not higher than the priority of the electronic caliper under the conditions that the first braking instruction is received, the second braking instruction is not received, and the third braking instruction output by the electronic caliper 3 with the priority higher than the electronic caliper is not received, and outputting the third braking instruction to each electronic caliper with the priority lower than the electronic caliper. The electronic caliper 3 is also used to output a target braking force under the control of a third braking command.
If the electronic caliper 3 receives the first brake instruction and does not receive the second brake instruction, the failure of the brake controller 2 is indicated, and if the third brake instruction is not received, the failure of the electronic caliper 3 with the highest priority is indicated; at this time, the electronic caliper 3 having a lower priority than the highest priority is used instead of the electronic caliper 3 having the highest priority, and the other electronic calipers 3 are controlled.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a linear control system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 2, the by-wire system comprises a first electronic caliper 301, a third electronic caliper 303, a second electronic caliper 302 and a fourth electronic caliper 304, of high to low priority, for a total of 4 electronic calipers 3. The microcomputers 31 of the four electronic calipers 3 are all electrically connected to each other.
After the vehicle control unit 1 outputs the first brake command and the first electronic caliper 301 does not receive the second brake command, the microcomputer 31 of the first electronic caliper 301 determines a target brake force of the caliper body 32 of the first electronic caliper 301 based on the opening degree of the brake pedal and the rotation speed of the wheel corresponding to the first electronic caliper 301, determines a target brake force of the caliper body 32 of the second electronic caliper 302 based on the opening degree of the brake pedal and the rotation speed of the wheel corresponding to the second electronic caliper 302, determines a target brake force of the caliper body 32 of the third electronic caliper 303 based on the opening degree of the brake pedal and the rotation speed of the wheel corresponding to the third electronic caliper 303, and determines respective target brake forces of the caliper body 32 of the fourth electronic caliper 304 based on the opening degree of the brake pedal and the rotation speed of the wheel corresponding to the fourth electronic caliper 304. Meanwhile, the microcomputer 31 of the first electronic caliper 301 outputs a third brake command to the second electronic caliper 302, the third electronic caliper 303 and the fourth electronic caliper 304 based on the first brake command, and the second electronic caliper 302, the third electronic caliper 303 and the fourth electronic caliper 304 output respective corresponding target braking forces under the control of the third brake command.
When the first electronic caliper 301 malfunctions, at this time, since the microcomputer 31 of the third electronic caliper 303 receives the first brake command, does not receive the second brake command, and does not receive the third brake command having a higher priority than that of the first electronic caliper 301 of the third electronic caliper 303, the microcomputer 31 of the third electronic caliper 303 determines the respective target braking forces of the caliper body 32 of the third electronic caliper 303 and the caliper bodies 32 of the second and fourth electronic calipers 302 and 304 based on the opening degree of the brake pedal and the rotation speeds of the respective wheels. Meanwhile, the microcomputer 31 of the third electronic caliper 303 outputs a third brake command to the second electronic caliper 302 and the fourth electronic caliper 304 based on the first brake command, and the second electronic caliper 302 and the fourth electronic caliper 304 output respective corresponding target braking forces under the control of the third brake command.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, by redundantly configuring the microcomputer machines in the electronic calipers, when the brake controller in the brake-by-wire system fails, the redundant microcomputer intervenes and undertakes the work of the failed brake controller, so that the failure time of the brake-by-wire system is reduced.
Alternatively, the ratio of the target braking force output by the electronic caliper 3 for braking the front wheel of the automobile to the target braking force output by the electronic caliper 3 for braking the rear wheel of the automobile is 7:3 to 8: 2. That is, the target braking force that needs to be output by the electronic calipers 3 for controlling the two front wheels is higher than the target braking force that needs to be output by the electronic calipers 3 for controlling the two rear wheels, and since most automobiles are driven by the front wheels, a larger braking force is applied to the driving wheels, which is beneficial to quickly realizing braking and improving the braking effect.
For example, the electronic caliper 3 for braking the front wheel of the automobile outputs a target braking force 7000N, and the two electronic calipers 3 respectively output 3500N target braking forces to the two front wheels of the automobile, i.e., the two front wheels of the automobile share the braking force equally. The target braking force output by the electronic calipers 3 for braking the rear wheels of the automobile is 3000N, and the two electronic calipers 3 respectively output 1500N target braking force to the two rear wheels of the automobile, namely the two rear wheels of the automobile are equally divided. The braking force is evenly distributed on the four wheels of the automobile, so that the problem of sideslip during automobile braking can be effectively avoided, and the braking safety is improved.
Illustratively, the electronic calipers 3 have four, respectively corresponding to the four wheels of the car. In the braking process, if any one electronic caliper 3 breaks down, the target braking force of at least one of other electronic calipers is improved, so that the problem of sideslip during automobile braking is avoided, and the braking safety is improved.
If the electronic calipers 3 for braking the front wheel of the automobile have faults, the target braking forces output by the two electronic calipers 3 for braking the rear wheel of the automobile are respectively increased by set values.
The set value is one half of the target braking force required to be output by the failed electronic caliper 3, so that the target braking force in other residual electronic calipers is improved.
For example, if the electronic caliper 3 for braking the left front wheel fails and the braking force that needs to be output by the electronic caliper 3 is 2000N, that is, the set value is 1000N, the braking force output by the two electronic calipers 3 for braking the rear wheel of the automobile can be increased by 1000N. So that the braking force required to be output by the failed electronic caliper 3 is distributed to other wheels in a balanced manner, and the braking safety is improved.
If the electronic calipers 3 for braking the rear wheel of the automobile have faults, the braking forces output by the two electronic calipers 3 for braking the front wheel of the automobile are respectively increased by set values.
For example, if the electronic caliper 3 for braking the left rear wheel fails and the braking force that needs to be output by the electronic caliper 3 is 1000N, that is, the set value is 500N, the braking force output by the two electronic calipers 3 for braking the front wheel of the automobile can be increased by 500N each. So that the braking force required to be output by the failed electronic caliper 3 is distributed to other wheels in a balanced manner, and the braking safety is improved.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic caliper provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 3, the caliper body 32 may include a brake motor 321, a brake screw 322, a brake block 323, a floating caliper arm 324, and two brake pads 325 for braking the brake disc 4 of the automobile.
As shown in fig. 3, the brake motor 321 is electrically connected to the microcomputer 31, an output shaft 3212 of the brake motor 321 is in transmission connection with one end of the screw, one end surface of the brake block 323 is provided with a screw hole, the brake block 323 is in threaded connection with the other end of the screw through the screw hole, an end surface of the brake block 323 opposite to the brake screw 322 is fixed on one brake pad 325, the floating caliper arm 324 has a first connection end and a second connection end, the first connection end is connected to the brake motor 321, the second connection end is connected to the other brake pad 325, and the two brake pads 325 are respectively located on two sides of the brake disc 4.
When the electronic caliper 3 starts braking by receiving a braking signal from the brake controller 2, as shown in fig. 3, the output shaft 3212 of the brake electronics starts to rotate to drive the brake screw 322 to rotate, because the brake screw 322 is in threaded connection with the brake block 323, and the brake block 323 is fixed on the brake block 325, the brake block 325 is circumferentially limited, i.e. the brake block 325 does not rotate, so the brake block 323 does not rotate with the brake screw 322, so that the brake block 323 moves along the axial direction of the brake screw 322 under the action of the previous thread pair of the brake screw 322 and the brake block 323, when the brake block 323 pushes the brake block 325 against the brake disc 4, the brake block 325 and the brake block 323 cannot move continuously, so the brake screw 322 moves against the brake motor 321 in a direction away from the brake disc, because the brake motor 321 and the other brake block 325 are connected by the floating caliper arm 324, the brake motor 321 moves the floating caliper arm 324 and the other brake pad 325, and the other brake pad 325 and the brake motor 321 are disposed on both sides of the brake disc 4, respectively, so that the other brake pad 325 approaches the brake disc 4 and abuts against the brake disc, so that the two brake pads together clamp the brake disc 4 to apply a braking force to the brake disc 4 to brake the wheel.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 3, the brake motor 321 includes: the casing 3211, drive assembly, planetary gear train B.
As shown in fig. 3, the planetary gear train B may include: the planetary gear mechanism comprises an annular gear 3215, a central gear 3216, planetary gears 3217 and a planet carrier 3218, wherein the central gear 3216 is arranged in the annular gear 3215, the planetary gears 3217 are rotatably arranged on the planet carrier 3218, and the planetary gears 3217 are arranged between the central gear 3216 and the annular gear 3215 and are meshed with the central gear 3216 and the annular gear 3215.
As shown in fig. 3, the drive assembly a, the planetary gear train B and the microcomputer 31 are all located in the casing 3211, the planetary gear train B and the microcomputer 31 are respectively located at two sides of the drive assembly, an output shaft 3212 of the drive assembly is coaxially connected with a sun gear 3216 of the planetary gear train B, one end of a brake screw 322 is inserted into the casing 3211 and connected with a planetary carrier 3218 of the planetary gear train B, and a ring gear 3215 of the planetary gear train B is fixed on an inner wall of the casing 3211.
When the driving assembly in the rotating motor drives the output shaft 3212 to rotate, the output shaft 3212 of the driving assembly transmits power to the center wheel 3216 of the planetary gear train B, and the power is sequentially transmitted to the planetary gears 3217 and the planetary carrier 3218 after passing through the center wheel 3216, and since the planetary carrier 3218 is connected with the brake screw 322, the power is finally transmitted to the brake screw 322, so that the brake screw 322 can transmit torque to the brake pad 323 and the brake pad 325. By arranging the planetary gear train B between the brake screw 322 and the output shaft 3212, the speed ratio between the output shaft 3212 and the brake screw 322 can be changed, so that the brake motor 321 can transmit a larger torque to the brake screw 322 to meet the braking requirement of the electronic caliper 3.
Meanwhile, the microcomputer 31 is also disposed in the housing 3211 of the brake motor 321 to make the electronic caliper 3 into an integral structure, facilitating installation and protection of the microcomputer 31.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 3, the brake screw 322 is integrated with the planet carrier 3218. That is, the brake screw and the planet carrier 3218 are integrally formed, so that the structure can be simplified and the assembly can be completed quickly.
As shown in fig. 3, the driving assembly may include an output shaft 3212, a stator 3213 and two rotors 3214, the stator 3213 and the two rotors 3214 are coaxially sleeved outside the output shaft 3212, the stator 3213 is fixed to an inner wall of the housing 3211, the rotors 3214 are circumferentially fixed to the output shaft 3212, and the two rotors 3214 are located at two sides of the stator 3213 in the axial direction of the output shaft 3212.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the stator 3213 and the two rotors 3214 are axially disposed, and the two rotors 3214 are distributed on two sides of the stator 3213, so that the radial dimension of the brake motor 321 can be effectively reduced; meanwhile, two rotors 3214 can be arranged in the axial arrangement mode, so that a larger torque can be provided for the output shaft 3212 through the rotors 3214, and the electronic caliper 3 can output enough brake.
The reliability of the brake-by-wire system provided by the present disclosure is higher than that of the hydraulic brake system in the related art, for example, the hydraulic system generally includes a brake pedal, a vacuum booster, a brake master cylinder, a liquid storage tank, a brake hard pipe, a pipe joint, a brake hose, a brake fluid, a brake caliper and a controller, and according to a quality system, the reliability of each component is assumed to be 0.9998, and the total reliability of the hydraulic brake system is 0.98018, that is, 980.18 ‰. The brake-by-wire system comprises a brake pedal, an electronic caliper and a brake controller, and the reliability of the brake-by-wire system is 0.99401, namely 994.01 ‰ > 980.18 ‰, according to the same quality system, so that the reliability of the brake-by-wire system is higher than that of a hydraulic brake system.
The embodiment of the disclosure provides an automobile which comprises the brake-by-wire system.
Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure.
Claims (9)
1. A brake-by-wire system, comprising: the vehicle control system comprises a vehicle control unit (1), a brake controller (2), electronic calipers (3) and sensor assemblies, wherein the vehicle control unit (1) is electrically connected with the brake controller (2), the electronic calipers (3) are respectively electrically connected with the vehicle control unit (1) and the brake controller (2), and the sensor assemblies are respectively electrically connected with the vehicle control unit (1), the brake controller (2) and the electronic calipers (3);
the vehicle control unit (1) is used for outputting a first braking instruction to the braking controller (2) and the electronic calipers (3);
the sensor assembly is used for detecting the opening degree of a brake pedal and the rotating speed of each wheel;
the brake controller (2) is used for determining a target braking force of the electronic caliper (3) based on the opening degree of a brake pedal and the rotating speed of a wheel corresponding to the electronic caliper (3), and outputting a second brake instruction under the control of the first brake instruction;
the electronic calipers (3) are used for outputting the target braking force under the control of the second braking instruction, or determining the target braking force based on the opening degree of a brake pedal and the rotating speed of a wheel corresponding to the electronic calipers (3), and outputting the target braking force under the control of the first braking instruction, the electronic calipers (3) comprise a microcomputer (31) and a caliper body (32) which are connected, the microcomputers (31) of the electronic calipers (3) are electrically connected with each other, the electronic calipers (3) are connected with the braking controller (2), the microcomputer (31) is connected with the whole vehicle controller (1), and the electronic calipers (3) are used for outputting the target braking force under the control of the braking controller (2) or the microcomputer (31).
2. Brake-by-wire system according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of said electronic calipers (3) of different priorities,
the electronic calipers (3) with the highest priority are used for determining the target braking force of each electronic caliper with the priority not higher than the self priority under the condition that the first braking instruction is received and the second braking instruction is not received, and outputting a third braking instruction to each electronic caliper with the priority lower than the self priority;
all the electronic calipers (3) with the priority lower than the highest priority are also used for determining the target braking force of each electronic caliper with the priority not higher than the priority of the electronic calipers under the conditions that the first braking instruction is received, the second braking instruction is not received, and the third braking instruction output by the electronic calipers (3) with the priority higher than the electronic calipers is not received, and outputting the third braking instruction to each electronic caliper with the priority lower than the electronic calipers;
the electronic caliper (3) is further configured to output the target braking force under control of the third braking instruction.
3. The brake-by-wire system according to claim 2, characterized in that the ratio of the target braking force of the electronic caliper (3) for braking a front wheel of the automobile to the target braking force of the electronic caliper (3) for braking a rear wheel of the automobile is 7:3 to 8: 2.
4. Brake-by-wire system according to claim 1, wherein the caliper body (32) comprises a brake motor (321), a brake screw (322), a brake block (323), a floating caliper arm (324) and two brake pads (325),
the brake motor (321) is electrically connected with the microcomputer (31), an output shaft (3212) of the brake motor (321) is in transmission connection with one end of the brake screw (322), the brake block (323) is in threaded connection with the other end of the screw, an end face, opposite to the brake screw (322), of the brake block (323) is fixed on one brake block (325), the floating caliper arm (324) is provided with a first connecting end and a second connecting end, the first connecting end is connected with a shell of the brake motor (321), and the second connecting end is connected with the other brake block (325).
5. The brake-by-wire system according to claim 4, wherein the brake motor (321) comprises: a shell (3211), a drive assembly (A), a planetary gear train (B),
the driving assembly (A), the planetary gear train (B) and the microcomputer (31) are all located in the shell (3211), the planetary gear train (B) and the microcomputer (31) are respectively located on two sides of the driving assembly, an output shaft (3212) of the driving assembly is coaxially connected with a center wheel (3216) of the planetary gear train (B), one end of the brake screw rod (322) is inserted into the shell (3211) and connected with a planet carrier (3218) of the planetary gear train (B), and a gear ring (3215) of the planetary gear train (B) is fixed on the inner wall of the shell (3211).
6. The brake-by-wire system according to claim 5, wherein the drive assembly (A) comprises the output shaft (3212), a stator (3213) and two rotors (3214), the stator (3213) and the two rotors (3214) are coaxially sleeved outside the output shaft (3212), the stator (3213) is fixed to an inner wall of the housing (3211), the rotors (3214) are circumferentially fixed to the output shaft (3212), and the two rotors (3214) are respectively located on two sides of the stator (3213) in an axial direction of the output shaft (3212).
7. The brake-by-wire system of claim 5, wherein the brake screw (322) is of unitary construction with the planet carrier (3218).
8. The brake-by-wire system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the sensor assembly comprises: a brake pedal sensor (12) and a wheel speed sensor (13),
the vehicle control unit (1) is used for outputting the first braking instruction when the opening degree of the brake pedal reaches a preset value.
9. An automobile, characterized in that the automobile comprises the brake-by-wire system according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN202011549255.5A CN112622848B (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2020-12-24 | Brake-by-wire system and car |
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| CN202011549255.5A CN112622848B (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2020-12-24 | Brake-by-wire system and car |
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| CN112622848B true CN112622848B (en) | 2022-02-01 |
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| CN112622848A (en) | 2021-04-09 |
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