CN112622536B - Vehicle tyre working state monitoring and sensing device and method - Google Patents
Vehicle tyre working state monitoring and sensing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112622536B CN112622536B CN202011558846.9A CN202011558846A CN112622536B CN 112622536 B CN112622536 B CN 112622536B CN 202011558846 A CN202011558846 A CN 202011558846A CN 112622536 B CN112622536 B CN 112622536B
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920009405 Polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF) Film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
- B60C23/06—Signalling devices actuated by deformation of the tyre, e.g. tyre mounted deformation sensors or indirect determination of tyre deformation based on wheel speed, wheel-centre to ground distance or inclination of wheel axle
- B60C23/08—Signalling devices actuated by deformation of the tyre, e.g. tyre mounted deformation sensors or indirect determination of tyre deformation based on wheel speed, wheel-centre to ground distance or inclination of wheel axle by touching the ground
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
- B60R16/0307—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for using generators driven by a machine different from the vehicle motor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/007—Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles
- G01M17/02—Tyres
- G01M17/022—Tyres the tyre co-operating with rotatable rolls
Abstract
The invention relates to a vehicle tyre working state monitoring and sensing device and a method. The device comprises a dynamic sensitive element, a dynamic strain measurement circuit module, a data processing module, a wireless communication module, a power supply module and a steady-flow power storage module. The device can acquire the strain information of the inner surface of the tire in the transverse direction, the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction, and provide more comprehensive data to reflect the working state of the tire; according to the strain information, working state parameters such as the contact stress, the grounding area, the driving force, the driving moment, the lateral force, the slip ratio and the like of the vehicle tyre are obtained; the device has the advantages of small volume, convenient installation, energy conservation and emission reduction, realizes passive power supply and wireless transmission of the working state parameters of the tire, and provides basic data for improving the safety and the dynamic performance of the vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of sensor measurement, and particularly relates to a vehicle tire working state monitoring and sensing device and method.
Background
Most current vehicle tires are used only as passive rubber parts, and the lack of information provided by the tire during running is a hot spot problem in the industry and research area. The detection and sensing technologies for parameters such as pressure, temperature and the like in the tire are mature, and the detection of strain to obtain other working state parameters of the tire in contact with the ground or soil is a difficulty.
Foreign research institutions have made a great deal of research in terms of "intelligent tire" parameter acquisition. Japanese prizest corporation has issued a new technology called "intelligent strain sensor" for measuring the stress variation of tires when they are in contact with a road surface, and estimating the axle load and tire wear by a proprietary algorithm, which is in a state of sealing off confidentiality overseas. Researchers at Jiangsu university have developed tire surface dynamic strain sensors using polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) films as sensitive materials, and the technology has not yet matured. The existing common tire detection methods or devices have the following defects: (1) Most methods are limited to test bed tests, and detection in running of a vehicle is difficult to realize; (2) single monitoring parameters of the working state of the tyre; (3) The strain sensor mostly adopts wired transmission, so that the space arrangement is inconvenient; (4) The testing device is powered by a battery, and the monitoring duration is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a vehicle tyre working state monitoring and sensing device and method, which can acquire information such as tyre contact stress, grounding area, driving force, driving moment, lateral force, slip rate and the like in the running process of a vehicle by detecting the inner surface strain of a tyre so as to solve the problem of detecting the tyre working state parameters in the running process of the vehicle and provide basic data for improving the safety and dynamic performance of the vehicle.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a vehicle tire operating condition monitoring sensing device comprising:
the dynamic sensing element is used for detecting the contact strain of the inner surface of the tire, converting the strain of the inner surface of the tire into a voltage signal through the built-in resistor and outputting the voltage signal to the dynamic strain measuring circuit module.
The dynamic strain measurement circuit module is used for connecting the built-in strain bridge unit with a dynamic sensitive element on the surface of the tire through a lead; when the vehicle tyre is in contact with the ground for extrusion, the strain signal is amplified, filtered and digitally converted in the form of an analog voltage signal and then is output to the data processing module.
And the data processing module is used for processing and packaging the strained voltage signals and then sending the processed and packaged voltage signals to the wireless communication module.
And the wireless communication module is used for communicating the monitoring signal with the PC end and wirelessly transmitting the monitoring signal to a signal receiver connected with the PC end.
The power supply module is used as a power supply of the whole monitoring sensing device and consists of a piezoelectric material 1 and a wire; under the action of the vertical extrusion force of the tire, the electric quantity is conveyed to the steady-flow electric storage module by utilizing the power generation characteristic of the piezoelectric material, and the dynamic strain measurement circuit module, the data processing module and the wireless communication module are indirectly powered.
The steady-flow power storage module is used for receiving the current generated by the power supply module, and is directly connected with the dynamic strain measurement circuit module, the data processing module and the wireless communication module, so that the whole device has the functions of stabilizing voltage, stabilizing current and storing energy.
The dynamic sensitive element comprises a vertical uniaxial strain gauge 3, a longitudinal uniaxial strain gauge 6 and a transverse uniaxial strain gauge 7 which are stuck on a vulcanized film substrate 5 stuck on the inner surface of the tire; wherein, a plurality of longitudinal uniaxial strain gauges 6 and transverse uniaxial strain gauges 7 are uniformly arranged on the inner surface of the tire carcass 2, and respectively collect longitudinal and transverse strain signals of the inner surface of the tire; the plurality of vertical uniaxial strain gages 3 are uniformly arranged on the inner surfaces of the tire sidewalls 4 on both sides in the tire circumferential direction, and collect the vertical strain signals of the inner surfaces of the tire.
The number of the vertical uniaxial strain gauge 3 is an even number.
The piezoelectric material 1 is in a strip shape and is uniformly arranged on the inner surfaces of the tire sidewalls 4 on both sides in the tire circumferential direction.
The dynamic strain measurement circuit module comprises a strain bridge circuit unit, a signal amplifier, a signal filter and a digital-to-analog conversion unit which are sequentially connected.
The piezoelectric material 1 is a two-dimensional transition metal carbo/nitride or barium titanate.
A method for monitoring the operating condition of a vehicle tyre, comprising the steps of:
s1, during the running process of a vehicle, when the tire is in contact extrusion with the ground, a dynamic strain measurement circuit module of the monitoring sensing device amplifies, filters and digitally converts strain signals of a transverse uniaxial strain gauge 7, a longitudinal uniaxial strain gauge 6 and a vertical uniaxial strain gauge 3 of a dynamic sensing element in the form of analog voltage signals and outputs the amplified, filtered and digitally converted strain signals to a data processing module, and the data processing module processes and packages the strain voltage signals and sends the processed strain signals to a signal receiver connected with a PC end through a wireless communication module to respectively acquire transverse contact strain epsilon of the tire x Longitudinal contact strain ε y And vertical contact strain ε z ；
S2, monitoring tire contact stress;
the contact stress sigma in the transverse direction of the tire is obtained by respectively calculating the formula 1 to the formula 3 x Contact stress sigma in the longitudinal direction of the tire y Contact stress sigma in the vertical direction of the tire z ：
σ x ＝Eε x Equation 1
σ y ＝Eε y Equation 2
σ z ＝Eε z Equation 3
Wherein E is the elastic modulus of the tire material, and the unit is GPa; epsilon x 、ε y 、ε z The contact strain in the transverse direction, the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction of the tire are respectively shown as mu epsilon; sigma (sigma) x 、σ y Sum sigma z The unit is MPa, which is the contact stress in the transverse direction of the tire, the contact stress in the longitudinal direction of the tire and the contact stress in the vertical direction of the tire.
The method further comprises:
s3, monitoring the ground contact area of the tire;
the tire contact area S is calculated by equation 4:
wherein R is the radius of the tire, and the unit is m; b is the width of the tire, and the unit is m; d is the maximum vertical strain value max (epsilon) z ) The corresponding dip depth is in m.
The method further comprises:
s4, monitoring the driving force, the lateral force and the driving moment of the tire;
the tire driving force F is obtained by calculation through formulas 5 to 7, respectively y Tyre side force F x Tire driving torque M:
F y ＝Sσ y equation 5
F x ＝Sσ x Equation 6
M＝F y R formula 7
Wherein S is the tire contact area, and the unit is m 2 ；σ y The unit is MPa for the contact stress in the longitudinal direction of the tire; sigma (sigma) x The unit is MPa for the contact stress of the tire in the transverse direction; r is the radius of the tire, and the unit is m; f (F) y The unit is N.m, which is the driving force of the tire; f (F) x The unit is N.m for the lateral force of the tire; m is the tire driving torque, and the unit is N.m.
The method further comprises:
s5, monitoring the tire slip rate;
the number of the vertical uniaxial strain gauges 3 is even, and two symmetrical vertical uniaxial strain gauges 3 are arranged on the same diameter of the inner surface of the tire sidewall 4;
the tire slip ratio Sr is calculated by the formulas 8 and 9:
where Vt is the theoretical speed of the vehicle in m/s; va is the actual speed of the vehicle in m/s; r is the radius of the tire, and the unit is m; t is t p The time when the contact stress of one vertical uniaxial strain gauge 3, which is the starting point of the designated timing, reaches the maximum value of the contact stress in all the vertical uniaxial strain gauges is expressed as s; t is t q The unit of time when the contact stress of one vertical uniaxial strain gauge 3 having the same diameter as that of one vertical uniaxial strain gauge 3 of the specified starting point of timing reaches the maximum value of the contact stress in all vertical uniaxial strain gauges is s.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the vehicle tyre working state monitoring and sensing device can acquire the strain information of the inner surface of the tyre in the transverse direction, the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction, and provide more comprehensive data for the reflection of the working state of the tyre; and the device has small volume and convenient arrangement, and realizes wireless transmission of signals.
2. The vehicle tyre working state monitoring and sensing device utilizes the vertical pressure of the tyre side part in the running process, and based on the power generation characteristic of the piezoelectric material, a power supply solution of the whole monitoring and sensing device is provided, and compared with the traditional tyre strain acquisition device, the vehicle tyre working state monitoring and sensing device has breakthrough progress.
3. With the use of the monitoring and sensing device, on the basis of obtaining the strain of the inner surface of the tire, a calculation method for other working state parameters of the vehicle tire is provided, and the monitoring and transmission of parameters such as the tire contact stress, the grounding area, the driving force, the driving moment, the lateral force, the slip rate and the like are realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle tire operating condition monitoring sensing device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the power generation of the power module material of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the dynamic strain measurement circuit module of the present invention;
fig. 4 a-4 c are schematic illustrations of the placement of dynamic sensing elements on the inner surface of a tire in accordance with the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are as follows:
1. piezoelectric material 2 tyre body
3. Vertical uniaxial strain gauge 4 tire sidewall
5. Longitudinal uniaxial strain gauge for vulcanized film substrate 6
7. Transverse uniaxial strain gauge
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle tire working state monitoring and sensing device comprises a dynamic sensing element, a dynamic strain measurement circuit module, a data processing module, a wireless communication module, a power supply module and a steady-flow power storage module.
And the dynamic sensing element is used for detecting the contact strain of the inner surface of the tire. And converting the strain of the inner surface of the tire into a voltage signal through the built-in resistor and outputting the voltage signal to the dynamic strain measurement circuit module.
And the dynamic strain measurement circuit module is used for connecting the built-in strain bridge unit with the dynamic sensitive element on the surface of the tire through a wire. When the vehicle tyre is in contact with the ground for extrusion, the strain signal is amplified, filtered and digitally converted in the form of an analog voltage signal and then is output to the data processing module.
As shown in fig. 3, the dynamic strain measurement circuit module includes a strain bridge unit, a signal amplifier, a signal filter and a digital-to-analog conversion unit which are sequentially connected. The strain bridge circuit unit is connected with the dynamic sensitive element, and the digital-to-analog conversion unit is connected with the data processing module.
And the data processing module is used for processing and packaging the strained voltage signals and then sending the processed and packaged voltage signals to the wireless communication module.
And the wireless communication module is used for monitoring the communication between the signal and the PC end. And wirelessly transmitting the monitoring signal to a signal receiver connected with the PC terminal.
The power supply module is used as a power supply of the whole monitoring sensing device and consists of a piezoelectric material 1 and a wire. As shown in fig. 2, under the action of the vertical extrusion force of the tire, the electric quantity is transmitted to the steady-flow power storage module by utilizing the power generation characteristic of the piezoelectric material, and the dynamic strain measurement circuit module, the data processing module and the wireless communication module are indirectly powered.
The piezoelectric material 1 is two-dimensional transition metal carbon/nitride (MXene) or barium titanate.
As shown in fig. 4a, the piezoelectric material 1 is in a strip shape and is uniformly disposed on the inner surfaces of the tire sidewalls 4 on both sides in the tire circumferential direction.
The steady-flow power storage module is used for receiving the current generated by the power supply module, and is directly connected with the dynamic strain measurement circuit module, the data processing module and the wireless communication module, so that the whole device has the functions of stabilizing voltage, stabilizing current and storing energy.
As shown in fig. 4a to 4c, the dynamic sensing element comprises a vertical uniaxial strain gauge 3, a longitudinal uniaxial strain gauge 6 and a transverse uniaxial strain gauge 7 which are stuck on a vulcanized film substrate 5 stuck on the inner surface of the tire through glue; wherein, the longitudinal uniaxial strain gauge 6 and the transverse uniaxial strain gauge 7 are uniformly arranged on the inner surface of the tire body 2, and respectively collect longitudinal and transverse strain signals of the inner surface of the tire; the vertical uniaxial strain gauge 3 is uniformly arranged on the inner surfaces of the tire sidewalls 4 at two sides along the circumferential direction of the tire, and acquires vertical strain signals of the inner surfaces of the tire. Preferably, the number of the vertical uniaxial strain gauge 3 is an even number.
A vehicle tire operating condition monitoring method based on the vehicle tire operating condition monitoring sensing device, comprising the steps of:
s1, during the running process of a vehicle, when the tire is in contact extrusion with the ground, a dynamic strain measurement circuit module of the monitoring sensing device amplifies, filters and digitally converts strain signals of a transverse uniaxial strain gauge 7, a longitudinal uniaxial strain gauge 6 and a vertical uniaxial strain gauge 3 of a dynamic sensing element in the form of analog voltage signals and outputs the amplified, filtered and digitally converted strain signals to a data processing module, and the data processing module processes and packages the strain voltage signals and sends the processed strain signals to a signal receiver connected with a PC end through a wireless communication module to respectively acquire transverse contact strain epsilon of the tire x Longitudinal contact strain ε y And vertical contact strain ε z ；
S2, monitoring the contact stress of the tire.
The contact stress sigma in the transverse direction of the tire is obtained by respectively calculating the formula (1) to the formula (3) x Contact stress sigma in the longitudinal direction of the tire y Contact stress sigma in the vertical direction of the tire z ：
σ x ＝Eε x Formula (1)
σ y ＝Eε y Formula (2)
σ z ＝Eε z Formula (3)
Wherein E is the elastic modulus of the tire material, and the unit is GPa; epsilon x 、ε y 、ε z The contact strain is respectively in the transverse direction, the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction of the tire, the unit is mu epsilon, and the contact strain is directly read by a monitoring and sensing device; sigma (sigma) x 、σ y Sum sigma z The unit is MPa, which is the contact stress in the transverse direction of the tire, the contact stress in the longitudinal direction of the tire and the contact stress in the vertical direction of the tire.
And S3, monitoring the ground contact area of the tire.
When the vehicle tire runs on the ground, the lateral width of the contact surface can be approximately regarded as the width of the tire; the contact surface longitudinal length varies according to the vehicle load, the running speed, and the road surface condition.
The tire contact area S is obtained by calculation of the formula (4):
wherein R is the radius of the tire, and the unit is m; b is the width of the tire, and the unit is m; d is the maximum vertical strain value max (epsilon) z ) The corresponding dip depth, in m, is experimentally derived.
And S4, monitoring the driving force, the lateral force and the driving moment of the tire.
The tire driving force F is obtained by calculation respectively from the formula (5) to the formula (7) y Tyre side force F x Tire driving torque M:
F y ＝Sσ y formula (5)
F x ＝Sσ x Formula (6)
M＝F y R formula (7)
Wherein S is the tire contact area, and the unit is m 2 ；σ y The unit is MPa for the contact stress in the longitudinal direction of the tire; sigma (sigma) x The unit is MPa for the contact stress of the tire in the transverse direction; r is the radius of the tire, and the unit is m; f (F) y The unit is N.m, which is the driving force of the tire; f (F) x The unit is N.m for the lateral force of the tire; m is the tire driving torque, and the unit is N.m.
S5, monitoring the tire slip rate.
The vehicle runs on soft ground, especially for non-road vehicles such as tractors, the vehicle tires slide backwards relative to the ground due to the action of soil shearing force. The vertical contact stress of the tire changes along with the change of the rolling position of the wheel, and the theoretical speed of the vehicle is calculated according to the change time of the stress peak value.
The number of the vertical uniaxial strain gauges 3 is even, and two symmetrical vertical uniaxial strain gauges 3 are arranged on the same diameter of the inner surface of the tire sidewall 4;
the tire slip ratio Sr is calculated by the formula (8) and the formula (9):
where Vt is the theoretical speed of the vehicle in m/s; va is the actual speed of the vehicle in m/s; r is the radius of the tire, and the unit is m; t is t p When the contact stress of one vertical uniaxial strain gauge 3 for specifying the starting point of timing reaches the maximum value of the contact stress in all the vertical uniaxial strain gaugesTime in s; t is t q The unit of time when the contact stress of one vertical uniaxial strain gauge 3 having the same diameter as that of one vertical uniaxial strain gauge 3 of the specified starting point of timing reaches the maximum value of the contact stress in all vertical uniaxial strain gauges is s.
The foregoing is illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting thereof, but rather as merely providing for the purpose of teaching herein before set forth in the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. A vehicle tire operating condition monitoring and sensing device, the monitoring and sensing device comprising:
the dynamic sensing element is used for detecting the contact strain of the inner surface of the tire, converting the strain of the inner surface of the tire into a voltage signal through the built-in resistor and outputting the voltage signal to the dynamic strain measuring circuit module;
the dynamic sensitive element comprises a vertical single-axis strain gauge (3), a longitudinal single-axis strain gauge (6) and a transverse single-axis strain gauge (7) which are stuck on a vulcanized film substrate (5) stuck on the inner surface of the tire; wherein, a plurality of longitudinal single-axis strain gages (6) and transverse single-axis strain gages (7) are uniformly arranged on the inner surface of the tire carcass (2) and respectively collect longitudinal and transverse strain signals of the inner surface of the tire; the plurality of vertical uniaxial strain gauges (3) are uniformly arranged on the inner surfaces of the tire sidewalls (4) at two sides along the circumferential direction of the tire, and vertical strain signals of the inner surfaces of the tire are collected;
the dynamic strain measurement circuit module is used for connecting the built-in strain bridge unit with a dynamic sensitive element on the surface of the tire through a lead; when the vehicle tyre is in contact extrusion with the ground, the strain signal is amplified, filtered and digitally converted in the form of an analog voltage signal and then is output to the data processing module;
the dynamic strain measurement circuit module comprises a strain bridge circuit unit, a signal amplifier, a signal filter and a digital-to-analog conversion unit which are connected in sequence;
the data processing module is used for processing and packaging the strained voltage signals and then sending the processed and packaged voltage signals to the wireless communication module;
the wireless communication module is used for communicating the monitoring signal with the PC end and wirelessly transmitting the monitoring signal to a signal receiver connected with the PC end;
the power supply module is used as a power supply of the whole monitoring sensing device and consists of a piezoelectric material (1) and a wire; under the action of the vertical extrusion force of the tire, the electric quantity is transmitted to the steady-flow electric storage module by utilizing the power generation characteristic of the piezoelectric material, and the dynamic strain measurement circuit module, the data processing module and the wireless communication module are indirectly powered;
the piezoelectric material (1) is in a strip shape and is uniformly arranged on the inner surfaces of the tire sidewalls (4) at two sides along the circumferential direction of the tire; the piezoelectric material (1) is two-dimensional transition metal carbo/nitride or barium titanate;
the steady-flow power storage module is used for receiving the current generated by the power supply module, and is directly connected with the dynamic strain measurement circuit module, the data processing module and the wireless communication module, so that the whole device has the functions of stabilizing voltage, stabilizing current and storing energy;
the number of the vertical single-axis strain gages (3) is even, and two vertical single-axis strain gages (3) which are symmetrical to each other are arranged on the same diameter of the inner surface of the tire sidewall (4);
the tire slip ratio Sr is calculated by the formulas 8 and 9:
where Vt is the theoretical speed of the vehicle in m/s; va is the actual speed of the vehicle in m/s; r is the radius of the tire, and the unit is m; t is t p The time when the contact stress of one vertical single-axis strain gauge (3) for designating the timing starting point reaches the maximum value of the contact stress in all the vertical single-axis strain gauges is expressed as s; t is t q Is in accordance with theThe time unit when the contact stress of one vertical uniaxial strain gauge (3) with the same diameter as the other vertical uniaxial strain gauge (3) of the specified timing starting point reaches the maximum value of the contact stress in all the vertical uniaxial strain gauges is s; the contact stress in the vertical uniaxial strain gauge is calculated through the contact strain of the vertical uniaxial strain gauge.
2. A method of monitoring the operating condition of a vehicle tyre for a monitoring and sensing device according to claim 1, said method comprising the steps of:
s1, during the running process of a vehicle, when a tire is in contact extrusion with the ground, a dynamic strain measurement circuit module of a monitoring sensing device amplifies, filters and digitally converts strain signals of a transverse uniaxial strain gauge (7), a longitudinal uniaxial strain gauge (6) and a vertical uniaxial strain gauge (3) of a dynamic sensing element in the form of analog voltage signals and outputs the amplified, filtered and digitally converted strain signals to a data processing module, and the data processing module processes and packages the strain voltage signals and sends the processed strain signals to a signal receiver connected with a PC end through a wireless communication module to respectively acquire transverse contact strain epsilon of the tire x Longitudinal contact strain ε y And vertical contact strain ε z ；
S2, monitoring tire contact stress;
the contact stress sigma in the transverse direction of the tire is obtained by respectively calculating the formula 1 to the formula 3 x Contact stress sigma in the longitudinal direction of the tire y Contact stress sigma in the vertical direction of the tire z ：
σ x ＝Eε x Equation 1
σ y ＝Eε y Equation 2
σ z ＝Eε z Equation 3
Wherein E is the elastic modulus of the tire material, and the unit is GPa; epsilon x 、ε y 、ε z The contact strain in the transverse direction, the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction of the tire are respectively shown as mu epsilon; sigma (sigma) x 、σ y Sum sigma z Contact stress in the tire transverse direction and contact stress in the tire longitudinal direction, respectivelyAnd the vertical contact stress of the tire, wherein the unit is MPa;
s3, monitoring the ground contact area of the tire;
the tire contact area S is calculated by equation 4:
wherein R is the radius of the tire, and the unit is m; b is the width of the tire, and the unit is m; d is the maximum vertical strain value max (epsilon) z ) The corresponding sinking depth is m;
s4, monitoring the driving force, the lateral force and the driving moment of the tire;
the tire driving force F is obtained by calculation through formulas 5 to 7, respectively y Tyre side force F x Tire driving torque M:
F y ＝Sσ y equation 5
F x ＝Sσ x Equation 6
M＝F y R formula 7
Wherein S is the tire contact area, and the unit is m 2 ；σ y The unit is MPa for the contact stress in the longitudinal direction of the tire; sigma (sigma) x The unit is MPa for the contact stress of the tire in the transverse direction; r is the radius of the tire, and the unit is m; f (F) y The unit is N.m, which is the driving force of the tire; f (F) x The unit is N.m for the lateral force of the tire; m is the driving moment of the tire, and the unit is N.m;
s5, monitoring the tire slip rate;
the number of the vertical single-axis strain gages (3) is even, and two vertical single-axis strain gages (3) which are symmetrical to each other are arranged on the same diameter of the inner surface of the tire sidewall (4);
the tire slip ratio Sr is calculated by the formulas 8 and 9:
where Vt is the theoretical speed of the vehicle in m/s; va is the actual speed of the vehicle in m/s; r is the radius of the tire, and the unit is m; t is t p The time when the contact stress of one vertical single-axis strain gauge (3) for designating the timing starting point reaches the maximum value of the contact stress in all the vertical single-axis strain gauges is expressed as s; t is t q The unit of the time when the contact stress of the other vertical uniaxial strain gauge (3) with the same diameter as the one vertical uniaxial strain gauge (3) with the designated timing starting point reaches the maximum value of the contact stress in all the vertical uniaxial strain gauges is s.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011558846.9A CN112622536B (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | Vehicle tyre working state monitoring and sensing device and method |
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