CN112621580B - Composite diamond grinding block and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite diamond grinding block and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112621580B CN112621580B CN202011502127.5A CN202011502127A CN112621580B CN 112621580 B CN112621580 B CN 112621580B CN 202011502127 A CN202011502127 A CN 202011502127A CN 112621580 B CN112621580 B CN 112621580B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/20—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially organic
- B24D3/28—Resins or natural or synthetic macromolecular compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
- B24D18/0009—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for using moulds or presses
Abstract
The invention is suitable for the technical field of materials, and provides a composite diamond grinding block and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composite diamond grinding block comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of diamond, 5-10 parts of nano copper-nickel alloy powder, 3-5 parts of nano nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder, 3-5 parts of tin powder, 5-10 parts of copper-tin alloy powder, 30-40 parts of resin bonding agent, 1-2 parts of zinc stearate and 1-15 parts of filler. The filler used in the invention can abandon the addition of silicon carbide or reduce the dosage of silicon carbide as much as possible, the components are mutually matched to obviously improve the compactness, the service life and the sintering performance of the diamond grinding block, can achieve effective sintering at lower sintering temperature and in shorter sintering time, enhance the bonding force of diamond and a bonding agent, ensure that the diamond grinding block obtains better breaking strength and holding force, slow down the degradation trend of diamond single crystals, greatly prolong the service life of the diamond grinding block, improve the production efficiency and reduce the environmental pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of materials, and particularly relates to a composite diamond grinding block and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The abrasive machining method has strong technological adaptability, numerous technological methods such as grinding, polishing, abrasive particle machining and the like, has wide application range, can machine various materials such as metal, ceramics, glass, marble, granite, refractory bricks, terrazzo, concrete products and the like, and can realize various precise machining such as rough, fine and super-fine machining and the like on various surfaces.
However, a large amount of silicon carbide grinding materials are required to be consumed in the rough grinding and accurate grinding production processes of marble, granite and plate surfaces at present, and the silicon carbide grinding materials have poor wear resistance and high energy consumption, and have high pollution to the environment; moreover, the traditional grinding material of the ceramic is a magnesia grinding block, and the magnesia grinding block has short service life, large energy consumption and great environmental pollution. Meanwhile, the main raw materials for producing the magnesia grinding block comprise silicon carbide and magnesium oxide which are listed as non-renewable resources controlled by the state, so that the magnesia grinding material is in urgent need of finding a substitute product. Most diamond grinding blocks can not be added with a large amount of silicon carbide grinding materials, and the problems of high sintering temperature, poor compactness, low production efficiency and short service life exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a composite diamond grinding block, and aims to solve the problems of environmental pollution, high sintering temperature, poor compactness, low production efficiency and short service life of the conventional diamond grinding block.
The embodiment of the invention is realized in such a way that the composite diamond grinding block comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10-15 parts of diamond, 5-10 parts of nano copper-nickel alloy powder, 3-5 parts of nano nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder, 3-5 parts of tin powder, 5-10 parts of copper-tin alloy powder, 30-40 parts of resin bonding agent, 1-2 parts of zinc stearate and 1-15 parts of filler.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the composite diamond grinding block, which comprises the following steps:
weighing the raw materials according to the formula of the composite diamond grinding block for later use;
adding diamond, nano copper-nickel alloy powder, nano nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder and tin powder into a three-dimensional mixer, uniformly mixing, and performing three-stage hot-pressing sintering treatment under the condition that the pressure is 30-40 MPa to obtain a sintered mixture; wherein, the sintering temperature in the first stage of hot pressing treatment is 300-400 ℃, and the sintering time is 20-30 s; the sintering temperature in the second stage of hot pressing treatment is 550-600 ℃, and the sintering time is 20-30 s; the sintering temperature in the third stage of hot pressing treatment is 600-700 ℃, and the sintering time is 1-2 min;
crushing the sintered mixture until the granularity is equivalent to the screening granularity of the diamond, putting the crushed sintered mixture into a diffusion furnace, adding copper-tin alloy powder for diffusion treatment, wherein the diffusion temperature is 600-650 ℃, and the diffusion time is 20-30min to obtain a diffusion mixture;
and adding a resin bonding agent, zinc stearate and a filler into the diffusion mixture, uniformly mixing, and carrying out hot pressing, curing and polishing treatment to obtain the material.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the composite diamond grinding block is prepared from diamond, nano copper-nickel alloy powder, nano nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder, tin powder, copper-tin alloy powder, a resin binder, zinc stearate and a filler, the used filler can omit the addition of silicon carbide or reduce the dosage of silicon carbide as much as possible, the components are matched with each other, the compactness, the service life and the sintering performance of the diamond grinding block can be obviously improved, effective sintering can be achieved at a lower sintering temperature and in a shorter sintering time, the bonding force between the diamond and the binder is enhanced, the diamond grinding block obtains better breaking strength and holding force, the degradation trend of a diamond single crystal is slowed down, the service life of the diamond grinding block is greatly prolonged, the production efficiency is improved, and the environmental pollution is reduced.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
The embodiment of the invention aims to solve the problems of environmental pollution, high sintering temperature, poor compactness, low production efficiency and short service life of the existing diamond grinding block, and provides a composite diamond grinding block which is prepared from diamond, nano copper-nickel alloy powder, nano nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder, tin powder, copper-tin alloy powder, resin binder, zinc stearate and filler, wherein the filler can eliminate the addition of silicon carbide or reduce the using amount of the silicon carbide as much as possible, the components are mutually matched to obviously improve the compactness, the service life and the sintering performance of the diamond grinding block, can achieve effective sintering at lower sintering temperature and in shorter sintering time, enhance the bonding force of the diamond and the binder, enable the diamond grinding block to obtain better flexural strength and holding force, slow down the degradation trend of diamond single crystals and greatly prolong the service life of the diamond grinding block, improves the production efficiency and reduces the environmental pollution.
In the embodiment of the invention, the composite diamond grinding block comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10-15 parts of diamond, 5-10 parts of nano copper-nickel alloy powder, 3-5 parts of nano nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder, 3-5 parts of tin powder, 5-10 parts of copper-tin alloy powder, 30-40 parts of resin bonding agent, 1-2 parts of zinc stearate and 1-15 parts of filler.
In the embodiment of the invention, the diamond is purchased from Van satellite, Guangzhou, and the screening mesh number of the diamond is 200-230 meshes; the nanometer copper-nickel alloy powder and the nanometer nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder are purchased from Shanghai Chaowei nanometer science and technology Limited company, and the granularity of the nanometer copper-nickel alloy powder and the nanometer nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder is 50-80 nm; the tin powder is purchased from special welding materials Co., Ltd, Qinghe county, and the screening mesh number of the tin powder is 300 meshes; the copper-tin alloy powder is copper-tin 40 alloy powder, wherein the mass ratio of copper to tin is 3:2, and the copper-tin alloy powder is purchased from Beijing Xinglong source technology Limited company and has the screening mesh number of 100 meshes; the resin binder is obtained from Yuanbang electronic materials, Inc. in Dongguan city, and has a sieving mesh number of 200 meshes; the filler is purchased from Zhengzhou Xinli wear-resistant material Co., Ltd, and the screening mesh number of the filler is 240 meshes; the zinc stearate is purchased from Henan Ding Xiang chemical products Co.
In the embodiment of the invention, the filler is 1-3 parts of silicon carbide or 10-15 parts of white jade steel. Under the mutual cooperation of the components, the invention keeps the compactness, the service life and the sintering performance of a diamond grinding block system, and simultaneously, the used filler can abandon the addition of silicon carbide or reduce the dosage of the silicon carbide as much as possible, thereby reducing the environmental pollution.
In the embodiment of the invention, the resin binder is bismaleimide resin, urethane resin and acrylate resin, and the mass ratio of the bismaleimide resin to the urethane resin is 1: (2-4): (2-6) mixing. Experiments show that the type and the proportion of the resin bonding agent can influence the bonding force between the diamond and the bonding agent, and certain influence is exerted on the breaking strength and the holding force of the obtained diamond module; in particular, when the resin binder is preferably a bismaleimide resin, a urethane resin, and methyl acrylate in a mass ratio of 1: 3: 4, the obtained diamond module has the best breaking strength and holding force.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the composite diamond grinding block comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10-13 parts of diamond, 14-16 parts of nano copper-nickel alloy powder, 3-5 parts of nano nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder, 3-4 parts of tin powder, 5-7 parts of copper-tin alloy powder, 33-37 parts of resin bonding agent, 1-2 parts of zinc stearate and 1-15 parts of filler.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the composite diamond grinding block comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
12 parts of diamond, 15 parts of nano copper-nickel alloy powder, 4 parts of nano nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder, 3 parts of tin powder, 6 parts of copper-tin alloy powder, 35 parts of resin bonding agent, 2 parts of zinc stearate and 1-15 parts of filler.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the composite diamond grinding block, which comprises the following steps:
and 101, weighing the raw materials according to the formula of the composite diamond grinding block for later use.
102, adding diamond, nano copper-nickel alloy powder, nano nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder and tin powder into a three-dimensional mixer, uniformly mixing, and performing three-stage hot-pressing sintering treatment under the condition that the pressure is 30-40 MPa to obtain a sintered mixture; wherein, the sintering temperature in the first stage of hot pressing treatment is 300-400 ℃, and the sintering time is 20-30 s; the sintering temperature in the second stage of hot pressing treatment is 550-600 ℃, and the sintering time is 20-30 s; the sintering temperature in the third stage of hot pressing treatment is 600-650 ℃, and the sintering time is 1-2 min.
In the embodiment of the invention, the diamond, the nano copper-nickel alloy powder, the nano nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder and the tin powder are uniformly mixed according to a specific proportion and then are placed in a conventional sintering machine to be subjected to three-stage hot pressing sintering treatment under a certain pressure condition, compared with the conventional hot pressing sintering method, the method can achieve effective sintering at a lower sintering temperature within a shorter sintering time, enhance the bonding force between the diamond and a metal bonding agent, and provide basic support for subsequently improving the breaking strength and holding force of the diamond grinding block.
103, crushing the sintered mixture until the granularity is equivalent to the diamond screening granularity, putting the crushed sintered mixture into a diffusion furnace, adding copper-tin alloy powder for diffusion treatment, wherein the diffusion temperature is 600-650 ℃, and the diffusion time is 20-30min to obtain a diffusion mixture.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sintered mixture is crushed into powder with the granularity corresponding to that of diamond by a hammering crushing method, the powder is placed into a conventional diffusion furnace, and copper-tin alloy powder is added for diffusion treatment, so that the copper-tin alloy powder is uniformly diffused to the surface of the powder to form dendritic structure powder, the specific surface area of the powder and the area of a contact surface of the powder and a subsequent resin bonding agent are greatly improved, and the dendritic structure powder has higher pressure than other shape structure powder, thereby being beneficial to improving the bonding force of the sintered mixture and the resin bonding agent.
And step 104, adding a resin bonding agent, zinc stearate and a filler into the diffusion mixture, uniformly mixing, and carrying out hot pressing, curing and polishing treatment to obtain the epoxy resin material.
In the embodiment of the invention, the mixing, hot pressing, curing and polishing treatment means are all conventional treatment means, and specifically, the resin bonding agent, the zinc stearate and the filler are added into the diffusion mixture, mixed and stirred for 1 hour, screened by a 80-mesh screen and finally mixed for 1 hour; and then, putting the uniformly mixed materials into a prepared die, pressing the die on a hot press for 45 minutes, finishing hot pressing treatment and demoulding treatment by using the upper pressing plate and the lower pressing plate at the hot pressing temperature of 210 ℃ and the pressure of 10MPa, putting the diamond grinding block subjected to demoulding treatment into a curing device for curing at the curing temperature of 210 ℃ and the curing time of 230 ℃ for 65 minutes, performing machining treatment such as turning, drilling and the like according to the conventional requirements after curing is finished, and finally packaging and warehousing.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the segmented hot pressing sintering process comprises: in the first stage of hot pressing treatment, the sintering temperature is 350 ℃, and the sintering time is 25 s; the sintering temperature in the second stage of hot pressing treatment is 580 ℃, and the sintering time is 25 s; the sintering temperature in the third stage of hot pressing treatment is 630 ℃, and the sintering time is 1 min.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diffusion treatment process is: the diffusion temperature was 630 ℃ and the diffusion time was 25 min.
Examples of certain embodiments of the invention are given below, without intending to limit the scope of the invention.
In addition, it should be noted that the numerical values given in the following examples are as precise as possible, but those skilled in the art will understand that each numerical value should be understood as a divisor rather than an absolutely exact numerical value due to measurement errors and experimental operational problems that cannot be avoided. For example, it is understood that the weight values of the respective raw materials for preparing the composite diamond compact according to the respective examples may have an error of ± 2 or ± 1 due to an error of the weighing instrument.
Example 1
Weighing the raw materials of the composite diamond grinding block according to a formula (10.7 parts of diamond, 5.5 parts of nano copper-nickel alloy powder, 3 parts of nano nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder, 3 parts of tin powder, 5.8 parts of copper-tin alloy powder, 30.2 parts of resin bonding agent (prepared by mixing bismaleimide resin, carbamate and acrylate resin according to a mass ratio of 1: 2: 2), 1 part of zinc stearate and 11 parts of baiyugang) for later use; adding diamond, nano copper-nickel alloy powder, nano nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder and tin powder into a three-dimensional mixer, uniformly mixing, and performing three-stage hot-pressing sintering treatment under the condition that the pressure is 30MPa to obtain a sintered mixture; wherein, the sintering temperature in the first stage of hot pressing treatment is 300 ℃, and the sintering time is 30 s; the sintering temperature in the second stage of hot pressing treatment is 550 ℃, and the sintering time is 30 s; in the third stage of hot pressing treatment, the sintering temperature is 600 ℃, and the sintering time is 2 min; crushing the sintered mixture until the granularity is equivalent to the screening granularity of the diamond, putting the crushed sintered mixture into a diffusion furnace, adding copper-tin alloy powder for diffusion treatment, wherein the diffusion temperature is 600 ℃, and the diffusion time is 30min to obtain a diffusion mixture; adding a resin bonding agent, zinc stearate and white jade steel into the diffusion mixture, uniformly mixing, and carrying out conventional hot pressing, curing and polishing treatment to obtain the material.
Example 2
Weighing the raw materials of the composite diamond grinding block according to a formula (14.5 parts of diamond, 9.2 parts of nano copper-nickel alloy powder, 4.5 parts of nano nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder, 5 parts of tin powder, 9.5 parts of copper-tin alloy powder, 38 parts of resin bonding agent (prepared by mixing bismaleimide resin, carbamate and acrylate resin according to a mass ratio of 1: 2: 3), 2 parts of zinc stearate and 15 parts of white jade steel) for later use; adding diamond, nano copper-nickel alloy powder, nano nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder and tin powder into a three-dimensional mixer, uniformly mixing, and performing three-stage hot-pressing sintering treatment under the condition that the pressure is 30-40 MPa to obtain a sintered mixture; wherein, the sintering temperature in the first section of hot pressing treatment is 400 ℃, and the sintering time is 20 s; in the second stage of hot pressing treatment, the sintering temperature is 600 ℃, and the sintering time is 20 s; in the third stage of hot pressing treatment, the sintering temperature is 600 ℃, and the sintering time is 2 min; crushing the sintered mixture until the granularity is equivalent to the screening granularity of the diamond, putting the crushed sintered mixture into a diffusion furnace, adding copper-tin alloy powder for diffusion treatment, wherein the diffusion temperature is 620 ℃, and the diffusion time is 25min, so as to obtain a diffusion mixture; and adding a resin bonding agent, zinc stearate and white jade steel into the diffusion mixture, uniformly mixing, and carrying out conventional hot pressing, curing and polishing treatment to obtain the epoxy resin modified epoxy resin.
Example 3
Weighing the raw materials according to the formula of the composite diamond grinding block (12.5 parts of diamond, 14.3 parts of nano copper-nickel alloy powder, 3 parts of nano nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder, 3.5 parts of tin powder, 5.5 parts of copper-tin alloy powder, 34 parts of resin bonding agent (prepared by mixing bismaleimide resin, carbamate and acrylate resin according to the mass ratio of 1: 4: 6), 1 part of zinc stearate and 13 parts of white jade steel) for later use; adding diamond, nano copper-nickel alloy powder, nano nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder and tin powder into a three-dimensional mixer, uniformly mixing, and performing three-stage hot-pressing sintering treatment under the condition that the pressure is 35MPa to obtain a sintered mixture; wherein, the sintering temperature in the first section of hot pressing treatment is 350 ℃, and the sintering time is 25 s; in the second stage of hot pressing treatment, the sintering temperature is 560 ℃, and the sintering time is 25 s; the sintering temperature in the third hot pressing treatment is 645 ℃, and the sintering time is 1 min; crushing the sintered mixture until the granularity is equivalent to the screening granularity of the diamond, putting the crushed sintered mixture into a diffusion furnace, adding copper-tin alloy powder for diffusion treatment, wherein the diffusion temperature is 620 ℃, and the diffusion time is 25min, so as to obtain a diffusion mixture; adding a resin bonding agent, zinc stearate and white jade steel into the diffusion mixture, uniformly mixing, and carrying out conventional hot pressing, curing and polishing treatment to obtain the material.
Example 4
Weighing the raw materials of the composite diamond grinding block according to a formula (12 parts of diamond, 15 parts of nano copper-nickel alloy powder, 4 parts of nano nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder, 3 parts of tin powder, 6 parts of copper-tin alloy powder, 35 parts of resin binder (obtained by mixing bismaleimide resin, carbamate and acrylate resin according to a mass ratio of 1: 3: 4), 2 parts of zinc stearate and 12.5 parts of white jade steel) for later use; adding diamond, nano copper-nickel alloy powder, nano nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder and tin powder into a three-dimensional mixer, uniformly mixing, and performing three-stage hot-pressing sintering treatment under the condition that the pressure is 35MPa to obtain a sintered mixture; wherein, the sintering temperature in the first section of hot pressing treatment is 350 ℃, and the sintering time is 25 s; the sintering temperature in the second stage of hot pressing treatment is 580 ℃, and the sintering time is 25 s; in the third stage of hot pressing treatment, the sintering temperature is 630 ℃, and the sintering time is 1 min; crushing the sintered mixture until the granularity is equivalent to the screening granularity of the diamond, putting the crushed sintered mixture into a diffusion furnace, adding copper-tin alloy powder for diffusion treatment, wherein the diffusion temperature is 630 ℃, and the diffusion time is 25min, so as to obtain a diffusion mixture; adding a resin bonding agent, zinc stearate and white jade steel into the diffusion mixture, uniformly mixing, and carrying out conventional hot pressing, curing and polishing treatment to obtain the material.
Example 5
Weighing the raw materials of the composite diamond grinding block according to a formula (12 parts of diamond, 15 parts of nano copper-nickel alloy powder, 4 parts of nano nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder, 3 parts of tin powder, 6 parts of copper-tin alloy powder, 35 parts of resin binder (obtained by mixing bismaleimide resin, carbamate and acrylate resin according to a mass ratio of 1: 3: 4), 2 parts of zinc stearate and 1.5 parts of silicon carbide) for later use; adding diamond, nano copper-nickel alloy powder, nano nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder and tin powder into a three-dimensional mixer, uniformly mixing, and performing three-stage hot-pressing sintering treatment under the condition that the pressure is 35MPa to obtain a sintered mixture; wherein, the sintering temperature in the first section of hot pressing treatment is 350 ℃, and the sintering time is 25 s; the sintering temperature in the second stage of hot pressing treatment is 580 ℃, and the sintering time is 25 s; in the third stage of hot pressing treatment, the sintering temperature is 630 ℃, and the sintering time is 1 min; crushing the sintered mixture until the granularity of the sintered mixture is equivalent to that of the diamond screening, putting the crushed sintered mixture into a diffusion furnace, adding copper-tin alloy powder for diffusion treatment, wherein the diffusion temperature is 630 ℃, and the diffusion time is 25min, so as to obtain a diffusion mixture; and adding a resin bonding agent, zinc stearate and silicon carbide into the diffusion mixture, uniformly mixing, and carrying out conventional hot pressing, curing and polishing treatment to obtain the material.
Example 6
Weighing the raw materials according to the formula of the composite diamond grinding block (12 parts of diamond, 15 parts of nano copper-nickel alloy powder, 4 parts of nano nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder, 3 parts of tin powder, 6 parts of copper-tin alloy powder, 35 parts of resin binder (prepared by mixing bismaleimide resin, carbamate and acrylate resin according to the mass ratio of 1: 3: 4), 2 parts of zinc stearate and 2.5 parts of silicon carbide) for later use; adding diamond, nano copper-nickel alloy powder, nano nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder and tin powder into a three-dimensional mixer, uniformly mixing, and performing three-stage hot-pressing sintering treatment under the condition that the pressure is 35MPa to obtain a sintered mixture; wherein, the sintering temperature in the first section of hot pressing treatment is 350 ℃, and the sintering time is 25 s; the sintering temperature in the second stage of hot pressing treatment is 580 ℃, and the sintering time is 25 s; in the third stage of hot pressing, the sintering temperature is 630 ℃, and the sintering time is 1 min; crushing the sintered mixture until the granularity is equivalent to the screening granularity of the diamond, putting the crushed sintered mixture into a diffusion furnace, adding copper-tin alloy powder for diffusion treatment, wherein the diffusion temperature is 630 ℃, and the diffusion time is 25min, so as to obtain a diffusion mixture; and adding a resin bonding agent, zinc stearate and silicon carbide into the diffusion mixture, uniformly mixing, and carrying out conventional hot pressing, curing and polishing treatment to obtain the material.
HRB hardness, breaking strength, compactness, material removal rate and surface roughness of the composite diamond grinding block prepared in the embodiments 1-6 and the existing product magnesia grinding block are respectively tested, and the test results are shown in the following table 1, wherein the compactness of the prepared grinding block is tested by adopting an Archimedes drainage method; the anti-bending strength of the prepared grinding block (prepared into a test sample of 30mm multiplied by 12mm multiplied by 5 mm) is tested by adopting a DZS-II anti-bending tester; testing the Rockwell hardness of the prepared grinding block by adopting a Rockwell hardness tester; the removal rate of the material was calculated by counter-grinding with a block and ceramic on a SS175 ii-W sandpaper grindometer. Each set of tests was run in triplicate and averaged.
TABLE 1
In summary, as can be seen from table 1, in examples 1 to 6 of the present invention, the composite diamond grinding block is prepared from diamond, nano copper-nickel alloy powder, nano nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder, tin powder, copper-tin alloy powder, resin binder, zinc stearate, and filler, the filler used may omit the addition of silicon carbide or reduce the amount of silicon carbide as much as possible, and the components are matched with each other to significantly improve the performance of the diamond grinding block in various aspects such as HRB hardness, flexural strength, and compactness, which is far superior to the performance of the existing product of a magnesia grinding block. In addition, the service life of the composite diamond grinding block provided by the invention is 50-60 times that of the magnesia grinding block, the labor intensity of workers is greatly reduced, the high cost performance of the product is realized, and compared with the magnesia grinding block, less waste residue and waste water are discharged in the using process, the pollution is less, and the environment is more protected; meanwhile, the cutting fluid has high sharpness, is beneficial to greatly reducing power consumption in the using process, saves more than 50 percent of electric quantity compared with similar products, and greatly reduces the production cost.
In addition, on the basis of the preparation process of the composite diamond grinding block provided by the embodiment 4 of the invention, when the three-stage hot pressing sintering treatment is changed into one-time sintering treatment (the sintering temperature is 630 ℃ and the sintering time is 2min) or conventional high-temperature sintering treatment (the sintering temperature is 750-800 ℃ and the sintering time is 2-3min), the breaking strength of the obtained diamond grinding block is between 720 and 730MPa, the compactness of the diamond grinding block obtained by the primary sintering treatment is 80.7, the compactness of the diamond grinding block obtained by the conventional high-temperature sintering treatment is equivalent to that of the diamond grinding block obtained by the embodiment 4 of the invention, therefore, the embodiment of the invention adopts the three-stage hot-pressing sintering treatment process, which can achieve effective sintering at lower sintering temperature and in shorter sintering time, enhance the bonding force between the diamond and the bonding agent and ensure that the diamond grinding block obtains better breaking strength and compactness.
Further, in the earlier development process of the present invention, a relevant research is performed on the selection of the types of resin binders, and based on the preparation process of the composite diamond grinding block provided in embodiment 4 of the present invention, a series of researches are performed on the types, combination types and proportions of the resin binders, that is, only a part of test schemes are selected below to explain the influence degree of the resin binders on the flexural strength effect of the system under the condition that the preparation processes are consistent, specifically, as shown in tables 2 to 3, where table 2 is a screening research on a single type of resin binder, and table 3 is an experimental research on the mass proportions of different bismaleimide resin, carbamate and methyl acrylate.
TABLE 2
TABLE 3
In summary, as can be seen from tables 2 to 3, the flexural strength of the diamond grinding block prepared by using a single kind of resin binder is far inferior to that of the diamond grinding block prepared by using the multi-component resin binder of bismaleimide resin, urethane and acrylate resin, which means that the multi-component resin binder of bismaleimide resin, urethane and methyl acrylate can improve the bonding force between diamond and the binder to some extent, and further improve the diamond holding power, however, when the mass ratio of methyl acrylate or bismaleimide resin in bismaleimide resin, urethane and acrylate resin is too large, the flexural strength of the diamond grinding block is reduced, and it is determined by experiments that the kind of resin binder is preferably 1: 3: 4 bismaleimide resin, urethane, and methyl acrylate.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention prepares the composite diamond grinding block by using diamond, nano copper-nickel alloy powder, nano nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder, tin powder, copper-tin alloy powder, resin binder, zinc stearate and filler, the used filler can abandon the addition of silicon carbide or reduce the dosage of silicon carbide as much as possible, the mutual matching of the components can obviously improve the compactness, the service life and the sintering performance of the diamond grinding block, the effective sintering can be achieved at a lower sintering temperature and in a shorter sintering time, the binding force between the diamond and the binder is enhanced, the diamond grinding block obtains better flexural strength and holding force, the degradation trend of diamond single crystals is slowed down, the service life of the diamond grinding block is greatly prolonged, the production efficiency is improved, and the environmental pollution is reduced.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The composite diamond grinding block is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10-15 parts of diamond, 5-10 parts of nano copper-nickel alloy powder, 3-5 parts of nano nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder, 3-5 parts of tin powder, 5-10 parts of copper-tin alloy powder, 30-40 parts of resin bonding agent, 1-2 parts of zinc stearate and 1-15 parts of filler;
the preparation method of the composite diamond grinding block comprises the following steps:
weighing the raw materials according to the formula of the composite diamond grinding block for later use;
adding diamond, nano copper-nickel alloy powder, nano nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder and tin powder into a three-dimensional mixer, uniformly mixing, and performing three-stage hot-pressing sintering treatment under the condition that the pressure is 30-40 MPa to obtain a sintered mixture; wherein, the sintering temperature in the first stage of hot pressing treatment is 300-400 ℃, and the sintering time is 20-30 s; the sintering temperature in the second stage of hot pressing treatment is 550-600 ℃, and the sintering time is 20-30 s; the sintering temperature in the third stage of hot pressing treatment is 600-650 ℃, and the sintering time is 1-2 min;
crushing the sintered mixture until the granularity is equivalent to the screening granularity of the diamond, putting the crushed sintered mixture into a diffusion furnace, adding copper-tin alloy powder for diffusion treatment, wherein the diffusion temperature is 600-650 ℃, and the diffusion time is 20-30min to obtain a diffusion mixture;
and adding a resin bonding agent, zinc stearate and a filler into the diffusion mixture, uniformly mixing, and carrying out hot pressing, curing and polishing treatment to obtain the epoxy resin material.
2. The composite diamond abrasive segment of claim 1, wherein the filler is 1-3 parts of silicon carbide or 10-15 parts of white corundum.
3. The composite diamond abrasive block according to claim 1, wherein the resin bond is bismaleimide resin, urethane, and acrylate resin in a mass ratio of 1: (2-4): (2-6) mixing.
4. The composite diamond abrasive block according to claim 3, wherein the resin bond is bismaleimide resin, urethane, and methyl acrylate at a mass ratio of 1: 3: 4, and mixing.
5. The composite diamond abrasive segment of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of copper to tin in the copper-tin alloy powder is 3: 2.
6. A method for preparing a composite diamond grinding block according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:
weighing the raw material formula of the composite diamond grinding block according to any one of claims 1 to 5 for later use;
adding diamond, nano copper-nickel alloy powder, nano nickel-iron-cobalt alloy powder and tin powder into a three-dimensional mixer, uniformly mixing, and performing three-stage hot-pressing sintering treatment under the condition that the pressure is 30-40 MPa to obtain a sintered mixture; wherein, the sintering temperature in the first stage of hot pressing treatment is 300-400 ℃, and the sintering time is 20-30 s; the sintering temperature in the second stage of hot pressing treatment is 550-600 ℃, and the sintering time is 20-30 s; the sintering temperature in the third stage of hot pressing treatment is 600-650 ℃, and the sintering time is 1-2 min;
crushing the sintered mixture until the granularity is equivalent to the screening granularity of the diamond, putting the crushed sintered mixture into a diffusion furnace, adding copper-tin alloy powder for diffusion treatment, wherein the diffusion temperature is 600-650 ℃, and the diffusion time is 20-30min to obtain a diffusion mixture;
and adding a resin bonding agent, zinc stearate and a filler into the diffusion mixture, uniformly mixing, and carrying out hot pressing, curing and polishing treatment to obtain the material.
7. The method for preparing the composite diamond grinding block according to claim 6, wherein the three-stage hot pressing sintering treatment process comprises the following steps: in the first stage of hot pressing treatment, the sintering temperature is 350 ℃, and the sintering time is 25 s; the sintering temperature in the second stage of hot pressing treatment is 580 ℃, and the sintering time is 25 s; the sintering temperature in the third stage of hot pressing treatment is 630 ℃, and the sintering time is 1 min.
8. The method of making a composite diamond abrasive block according to claim 6, wherein the diffusion process is: the diffusion temperature was 630 ℃ and the diffusion time was 25 min.
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