CN112620494B - Multidirectional hot extrusion split combined die for machining thin-wall high-rib circular arc plate component - Google Patents
Multidirectional hot extrusion split combined die for machining thin-wall high-rib circular arc plate component Download PDFInfo
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- CN112620494B CN112620494B CN202011368173.0A CN202011368173A CN112620494B CN 112620494 B CN112620494 B CN 112620494B CN 202011368173 A CN202011368173 A CN 202011368173A CN 112620494 B CN112620494 B CN 112620494B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
- B21D37/12—Particular guiding equipment, e.g. pliers; Special arrangements for interconnection or cooperation of dies
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-directional hot extrusion split combined die for processing a thin-wall high-rib circular arc plate component, which comprises an upper die, a lower die, a discharge ring, a left die and a right die, wherein an extrusion male die is fixed at the center below the upper die, and the structure of the extrusion male die is consistent with the shape of the inner wall of the component; the center of the lower die is provided with a female die cavity, the female die cavity is formed by butt joint and combination of a left pressing die and a right pressing die with the lower die, the structure of the female die cavity is consistent with the shape of the outer wall of the component, and the space of the female die cavity is used for accommodating two blank pieces; the inner wall of the discharging ring is provided with two opposite wedge-shaped blocks, the wedge-shaped blocks are wide outside and narrow inside along the radial direction of the inner wall of the discharging ring, and the two wedge-shaped blocks are inserted into the center of a gap at the joint of the two forming members and used for sliding, separating and extruding the two forming members attached to the extruding male die. By the design of the discharge ring, the invention solves the problems that the high-rib arc plate component is easy to be 'clasped' with the extrusion convex die and the extrusion component is difficult to be separated from the upper die when the upper die returns.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hot extrusion dies, relates to a hot extrusion die, and particularly relates to a multidirectional hot extrusion split combined die for machining thin-wall high-rib circular arc plate components.
Background
At present, the application range of products with large-scale, complicated and light-weight structures in the aerospace field is wider and wider. The thin-wall high-rib arc plate has a structure shown in figure 1, and the rib height is even greater than the wall thickness of a product, so that the integral structural strength of the cabin section skin is improved. The method aims at the thin-wall high-rib circular arc plate structure, adopts the hot extrusion technology to carry out near-net forming manufacturing, and has obvious advantages in the aspects of size precision, mechanical property control and the like compared with the original traditional technical means of welding or casting plus machining manufacturing. However, because the inner cavity of the thin-wall high-rib component comprises a criss-cross rib structure, the component after hot extrusion and near-net forming has a small die drawing angle, the size of the criss-cross ribs is inconsistent and difficult to form, and the problem of close die attachment between the component and a die can occur in the extrusion deformation process; most of extrusion devices in the existing hot extrusion die technology are simple structures applied to flat plates and smooth arc plate members or extrusion devices for positively extruding inner cross rib arc plate structures, and extrusion devices for thin-wall longitudinal and transverse high rib compound extrusion forming are rare. Therefore, how to effectively control the precision control of the extrusion forming and the rapid demoulding after the forming of the thin-wall high-rib circular arc plate member formed by multidirectional hot extrusion forming becomes the key direction of research of the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the inventor of the invention carries out intensive research and provides a multidirectional hot extrusion split combined die for processing a thin-wall high-rib arc plate component, and the problem that the high-rib arc plate component is easy to be 'clasped' with an extrusion male die and is difficult to separate the extrusion component from the upper die in the return stroke of the upper die is solved through the design of a unique unloading mechanism; the invention is completed by solving the problem of rib forming precision control of the thin-wall high-rib component under the action of a special left-right die structure and three-way pressure of an upper die.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a multi-direction hot extrusion split combined die for processing a thin-wall high-rib circular arc plate component comprises an upper die, a lower die, a discharge ring, a left pressing die and a right pressing die, wherein an extrusion male die is fixed at the center below the upper die, the structure of the extrusion male die is consistent with the shape of the inner wall of the component, and a groove corresponding to a high rib on the component is processed on the surface of the extrusion male die;
the center of the lower die is provided with a female die cavity, the female die cavity is formed by butt joint and combination of a left pressing die and a right pressing die with an opening on the side wall of the lower die, the structure of the female die cavity is consistent with the shape of the outer wall of the component, and the space of the female die cavity is used for accommodating two blank pieces;
the left pressing die and the right pressing die are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the lower die and respectively correspond to two blank pieces, the forming surfaces of the two blank pieces are matched with the extrusion male die, and the blank pieces are extruded to form a high rib structure;
the discharging ring is positioned between the upper die and the lower die, is fixedly integrated with the lower die and is used for positioning the upper die in the descending process; the inner wall of the discharging ring is provided with two opposite wedge blocks, the wedge blocks are wide outside and narrow inside along the radial direction of the inner wall of the discharging ring, and the two wedge blocks are inserted into the center of a gap at the joint of the two forming members and used for sliding, separating and extruding the two forming members attached to the extruding male die.
The multi-direction hot extrusion split combined die for processing the thin-wall high-rib circular arc plate component has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The multidirectional hot-extrusion split combined die is applied to carry out composite hot-extrusion near-net forming, can realize simultaneous and smooth demoulding of multiple components, can control the forming precision of longitudinal and transverse ribs of a hot-extrusion complex thin-wall high-rib arc plate component within a design tolerance allowed range, obtains an extrusion product meeting the requirement, and can effectively solve the problems that the extrusion component is easy to lock with the die and is difficult to separate from the upper die during return stroke of the upper die;
(2) According to the multidirectional hot extrusion split combined die for processing the thin-wall high-rib circular arc plate component, the design of the left pressing die and the right pressing die in the lower die can adapt to synchronous forming of a plurality of products with complex structures, a mode of one die and two pieces is formed, the production efficiency can be obviously improved, and the comprehensive cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thin-wall high-rib circular arc plate member in a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of a multi-directional hot extrusion split mold for thin-walled high-rib circular arc plate members in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a right sectional view of a multi-directional hot extrusion split mold for thin-walled high-rib circular arc plate members in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing a combined structure of a lower die, a left die and a right die of a multi-directional hot extrusion split combined die for a thin-wall high-rib circular arc plate component in a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Description of the reference numerals
1-upper mould; 2-lower mould; 3-discharging ring; 4-left pressing die; 5-right pressing die; 6-a wedge-shaped chute; 7-a wedge-shaped block; 8-dovetail joint; 9-a transfer station; 10-an adaptor.
Detailed Description
The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and appreciated from the following detailed description of the invention.
The invention provides a multidirectional hot extrusion split combined die for processing a thin-wall high-rib circular arc plate component, which comprises an upper die 1, a lower die 2, a discharge ring 3, a left pressing die 4 and a right pressing die 5 as shown in figures 2 to 4, wherein an extrusion male die is fixed at the center below the upper die 1, the structure of the extrusion male die is consistent with the shape of the inner wall of the component, and a groove corresponding to a high rib on the component is processed on the surface of the extrusion male die;
the center of the lower die 2 is provided with a female die cavity, the female die cavity is formed by butt joint and combination of a left pressing die 4 and a right pressing die 5 with an opening on the side wall of the lower die 2, the structure of the female die cavity is consistent with the shape of the outer wall of the component, and the space of the female die cavity is used for accommodating two blank pieces;
the left pressing die 4 and the right pressing die 5 are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the lower die 2 and respectively correspond to two blank pieces, the forming surfaces of the two blank pieces are matched with the extrusion male die, and the blank pieces are extruded to form a high rib structure;
the discharging ring 3 is positioned between the upper die 1 and the lower die 2, is fastened with the lower die 2 into a whole and is used for positioning the upper die 1 in the descending process; the inner wall of the discharging ring 3 is provided with two opposite wedge blocks 7, the wedge blocks 7 are wide outside and narrow inside along the radial direction of the inner wall of the discharging ring 3, the two wedge blocks 7 are inserted into the center of a gap at the joint of the two forming members and are used for sliding, separating and extruding the two forming members attached to the extruding male die, namely, the upper die 1 drives the extruding male die to move upwards, the wedge blocks 7 peel the two forming members from left to right, and the forming members are separated from the extruding male die.
In the invention, two wedge-shaped sliding grooves 6 with two open ends are axially formed in the extrusion convex die of the upper die 1, the wedge-shaped sliding grooves 6 are wide in the outer part and narrow in the inner part in the radial direction, the wedge blocks 7 radially enter the wedge-shaped sliding grooves 6 to be matched with the wedge-shaped sliding grooves 6, and the wedge-shaped sliding grooves 6 play a role in sliding and guiding the upper die 1 when the upper die 1 moves up and down in opposite directions. The shape of the wedge-shaped sliding groove 6 can also be semi-cylindrical, the shape of the wedge-shaped block 7 is a semi-circular cavity correspondingly, and the requirement that the wedge-shaped sliding groove 6 has enough avoidance space for the wedge-shaped block 7 is met.
Further, the wedge block 7 is of a gradual change structure in the axial direction, and the upper end is large and the lower end is small; the small end of the lower part can conveniently enter a gap in butt joint of the forming members to guide the wedge block 7 to enter the gap; the large end of the upper part is contacted with the forming component, so that the left and right extrusion force is generated on the forming component, and the forming component is favorably separated from the extrusion male die.
In the invention, the left half and the right half of the shape of the extrusion convex die below the upper die 1 can be designed into a symmetrical structure or an asymmetrical structure, thereby meeting the forming requirements of different thin-wall high-rib arc plate products.
In the invention, the lower die 2 is in mortise-tenon joint with the left pressing die 4 and the right pressing die 5, at least two dovetail grooves are processed on the end surfaces (such as bottom end surfaces) of the lower die 2 for accommodating the left pressing die 4 and the right pressing die 5, a corresponding number of dovetail tenons 8 are processed on the corresponding end surfaces of the left pressing die 4 and the right pressing die 5, and the dovetail tenons 8 slide in the dovetail grooves to realize the combination of the lower die 2, the left pressing die 4 and the right pressing die 5.
Furthermore, the dovetail groove of the lower die 2 and the dovetail 8 of the left pressing die 4 (the right pressing die 5) have a gap of 0.2-0.5 mm, and the sliding positioning of the left pressing die 4 and the right pressing die 5 is realized by using a small gap.
In the invention, a female die cavity formed by the lower die 2, the left pressing die 4 and the right pressing die 5 is provided with a draft angle of 1-5 degrees, which is beneficial to separating a formed member from the female die cavity.
In the invention, the curvatures of the working surfaces of the left pressing die 4 and the right pressing die 5 are correspondingly exchanged according to different component characteristics.
In the invention, the bottom of the lower die 2 is provided with an adapter table 9 for supporting the extrusion die and fixedly connecting with the extrusion equipment platform.
The left pressing die 4 and the right pressing die 5 are provided with adapters 10 along the radial extension of the lower die 2, the adapters are used for being fixedly connected with a transverse extrusion platform of multidirectional extrusion equipment, rigid connection with the extrusion equipment is achieved through flange face butt joint or sleeve connection, reliable sliding of the left pressing die 4 and the right pressing die 5 is further achieved, and the forming process is completed by pushing the left pressing die 4 and the right pressing die 5 to slide relatively to the extrusion platform. The adapter piece can be in a cylindrical, square or special-shaped structure, stable connection can be achieved, and limitation is not needed.
In the present invention, the working principle or the using method of the hot extrusion die is as follows:
(1) two blank pieces are placed in a cavity of a female die of the lower die 2, and when the discharging ring 3 is assembled, the blank pieces are reliably connected with the lower die 2 through fastening bolts;
(2) the upper die 1 drives the extrusion male die to move downwards, the wedge-shaped chute 6 on the upper die 1 is coupled with the wedge-shaped block 7 on the inner wall of the discharging ring 3, and the extrusion male die on the upper die 1 continues to move downwards until the extrusion male die contacts with the discharging ring to reach a specified stroke;
(3) the left pressing die 4 and the right pressing die 5 on the two sides of the lower die 2 move oppositely along the dovetail groove until contacting the blank, and the three platforms apply certain pressure until extrusion forming is carried out to obtain a forming member;
(4) the upper die 1 drives the extrusion male die to move upwards, the extruded component moves upwards along with the extrusion male die, and the left pressing die 4 and the right pressing die 5 are pulled away from the lower die 2 along with the left platform and the right platform;
(5) after going upward for a certain stroke, the left and right members contact the wedge block 7 and then gradually separate from the extrusion male die of the upper die 1, and the upper die 1 continues to go upward until the left and right members are bent and separate from the upper die 1.
Examples
Example 1
A multidirectional hot extrusion split combined die comprises the following components which are distributed in sequence from top to bottom: the device comprises an upper die 1, a discharging ring 3, a left pressing die 4, a right pressing die 5 and a lower die 2; an extrusion male die is fixed at the center below the upper die 1, the structure of the extrusion male die is consistent with the shape of the inner wall of an extrusion component, and a groove corresponding to a high rib on the component is arranged; the center of the lower die 2 is provided with a female die cavity, and the complete female die cavity is formed by butt joint of a left pressing die 4 and a right pressing die 5 with the lower die 2.
Go up the wedge spout 6 of the extrusion terrace die of mould 1 below and narrow in the outer width in the radial direction, and wedge spout 6 is perpendicular to extrusion terrace die bottom for open architecture, and the wedge 7 of the 3 inner walls of corresponding unloading ring is narrow in the outer width in the radial direction, is the wedge cooperation with the wedge spout 6 of last mould 1 both sides for unloading the ring and playing the slide orientation effect. The wedge block 7 is of a gradual change structure and is big end up in the axial direction; the small end of the lower part can conveniently enter a gap in butt joint of the forming members to guide the wedge block 7 to enter the gap; the big end of the upper part is contacted with the forming component, so that left and right extrusion force is generated on the forming component, and the forming component is favorably separated from the extrusion male die.
The bottom of the lower die 2 is provided with a switching table 9 for supporting the extrusion die and being tightly connected with the extrusion equipment platform. The left pressing die 4 and the right pressing die 5 are provided with an adapter 10 along the extension structure of the female die, and are connected with a transverse extrusion platform of multidirectional extrusion equipment by fastening bolts to realize rigid connection with the extrusion equipment; the bottoms of the left pressing die 4 and the right pressing die 5 are both provided with dovetail joints 8 which are symmetrically distributed, and dovetail grooves which are symmetrically consistent are distributed at the corresponding positions of the lower die 2; through the movement of the transverse extrusion platform, dovetails 8 of the left pressing die 4 and the right pressing die 5 are in clearance fit with dovetail grooves of the lower die 2 to move transversely. A gap of 0.5mm is formed between the dovetail groove at the bottom of the lower die 2 and the dovetail joint, and the sliding positioning of the left pressing die 4 and the right pressing die 5 is realized by utilizing a small gap.
The female die cavity formed by the lower die 2, the left pressing die 4 and the right pressing die 5 adopts 3-degree draft slope, and the left arc plate and the right arc plate are identical in shape and are of completely symmetrical structures, as shown in fig. 3.
By adopting the multidirectional hot extrusion split combined die for the thin-wall high-rib arc plate component in the embodiment 1, smooth demolding of the component can be realized, and the forming precision of the inner rib of the thin-wall high-rib arc plate component can be controlled within the allowable range of the design tolerance.
The invention has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and illustrative examples, but the description is not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the embodiments and implementations of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and are within the scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are well known in the art.
Claims (6)
1. A multi-directional hot extrusion split combined die for processing a thin-wall high-rib circular arc plate component is characterized by comprising an upper die (1), a lower die (2), a discharge ring (3), a left pressing die (4) and a right pressing die (5), wherein an extrusion male die is fixed at the center below the upper die (1), the structure of the extrusion male die is consistent with the shape of the inner wall of the component, and a groove corresponding to a high rib on the component is processed on the surface of the extrusion male die; two wedge-shaped sliding grooves (6) with two open ends are axially formed in the extrusion male die, and the wedge-shaped sliding grooves (6) are wide in the outer part and narrow in the inner part in the radial direction; the wedge-shaped block (7) enters the wedge-shaped chute (6) from the radial direction and is matched with the wedge-shaped chute (6), and moves oppositely in the up-and-down movement of the upper die (1) to be used for guiding the upper die (1) in a sliding manner;
the center of the lower die (2) is provided with a female die cavity, the female die cavity is formed by butt joint and combination of a left pressing die (4) and a right pressing die (5) with an opening on the side wall of the lower die (2), the structure of the female die cavity is consistent with the shape of the outer wall of the component, and the female die cavity is used for accommodating two blank pieces; the lower die (2) is in mortise-tenon joint with the left pressing die (4) and the right pressing die (5), the lower die (2) is used for accommodating at least two dovetail grooves machined on the end faces of the left pressing die (4) and the right pressing die (5), a corresponding number of dovetail tenons (8) are machined on the corresponding end faces of the left pressing die (4) and the right pressing die (5), and the dovetail tenons (8) slide in the dovetail grooves to implement the combination of the lower die (2), the left pressing die (4) and the right pressing die (5);
the left pressing die (4) and the right pressing die (5) are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the lower die (2) and respectively correspond to two blank pieces, the forming surfaces of the two blank pieces are matched with the extrusion convex die, and the blank pieces are extruded to form a high-rib structure;
the discharging ring (3) is positioned between the upper die (1) and the lower die (2), is fixedly integrated with the lower die (2) and is used for positioning the upper die (1) in the descending process; the inner wall of the discharging ring (3) is provided with two opposite wedge blocks (7), the wedge blocks (7) are wide outside and narrow inside along the radial direction of the inner wall of the discharging ring (3), are of a gradual change structure in the axial direction, are large at the upper ends and small at the lower ends, the wedge blocks (7) enter the wedge sliding grooves (6) from the radial direction to be matched with the wedge sliding grooves (6), and move oppositely in the up-and-down movement of the upper die (1) to be used for guiding the upper die (1) in a sliding manner; the two wedge-shaped blocks (7) are inserted into the center of a gap at the butt joint of the two forming members and are used for sliding, separating and extruding the two forming members attached to the extruding convex die.
2. The multi-directional hot extrusion split die according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the wedge-shaped sliding chute (6) can be wedge-shaped or semi-cylindrical, and the shape of the wedge-shaped block (7) corresponds to the shape of a wedge-shaped or semi-circular cavity.
3. The multi-directional hot extrusion split die according to claim 1, wherein the dovetail groove of the lower die (2) has a clearance of 0.2 to 0.5mm from the dovetails (8) of the left die (4) and the right die (5).
4. The multi-directional hot extrusion split combination die as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lower die (2), the left pressing die (4) and the female die cavity formed by the right pressing die (5) are provided with draft angles of 1-5 °.
5. A multi-directional hot extrusion split die as claimed in claim 1, wherein the curvatures of the working surfaces of the left die (4) and the right die (5) are exchanged according to different component characteristics.
6. The multi-directional hot extrusion split combination die according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the lower die (2) is provided with an adapter table (9) for supporting the extrusion die and fixedly connecting with an extrusion equipment platform;
and the left pressing die (4) and the right pressing die (5) are processed with adapters (10) along the radial extension of the lower die (2) and are used for being fixedly connected with a transverse extrusion platform of multidirectional extrusion equipment.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011368173.0A CN112620494B (en) | 2020-11-27 | 2020-11-27 | Multidirectional hot extrusion split combined die for machining thin-wall high-rib circular arc plate component |
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| CN202011368173.0A CN112620494B (en) | 2020-11-27 | 2020-11-27 | Multidirectional hot extrusion split combined die for machining thin-wall high-rib circular arc plate component |
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| CN112620494B true CN112620494B (en) | 2022-10-14 |
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| CN102189145B (en) * | 2011-03-04 | 2013-07-31 | 中北大学 | Multidirectional extrusion molding process and die for aluminum alloy shell parts with branches |
| CN104801598B (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2016-09-07 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of titanium alloy thin wall Complex Different Shape annular workpieces expanding die |
| CN106141069A (en) * | 2016-09-10 | 2016-11-23 | 吉林大学 | Railway vehicle truck coupler knuckle near net method for forging and molding |
| CN106734841B (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-09-18 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | A kind of multidirectional precision forming device of I-shaped stainless steel body of double flanges |
| CN207325626U (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-05-08 | 重庆文理学院 | A kind of gear cold-extrusion shaping mould |
| CN109894562A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-06-18 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | A kind of barrel-shaped thin-wall part demoulding integrated mould of the high muscle of inner wall grid and manufacturing process |
| CN109848238A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-06-07 | 中北大学 | A kind of titanium alloy thin wall fin Accurate Shaping mold |
| CN111482481B (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-10-15 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | Hot extrusion die for deep-cavity thin-wall component |
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