CN112619390A - Coal-fired power plant tail gas desulfurization method - Google Patents

Coal-fired power plant tail gas desulfurization method Download PDF

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CN112619390A
CN112619390A CN202110045982.6A CN202110045982A CN112619390A CN 112619390 A CN112619390 A CN 112619390A CN 202110045982 A CN202110045982 A CN 202110045982A CN 112619390 A CN112619390 A CN 112619390A
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tail gas
gas
absorption tower
coal
fired power
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刘浩
丁寅磊
唐琳娜
陈雷
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Xian Xire Control Technology Co Ltd
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Xian Xire Control Technology Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
    • B01D53/501—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound
    • B01D53/502—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound characterised by a specific solution or suspension
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
    • B01D53/1481—Removing sulfur dioxide or sulfur trioxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/75—Multi-step processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/80—Semi-solid phase processes, i.e. by using slurries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/96—Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
    • B01D53/965—Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants including an electrochemical process step
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/08—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of heaters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/30—Alkali metal compounds
    • B01D2251/304—Alkali metal compounds of sodium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
    • B01D2251/604—Hydroxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
    • B01D2251/606—Carbonates

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Abstract

The invention discloses a coal-fired power system for tail gas desulfurizationThe desulfurization method of the plant tail gas comprises the following steps: s1: separation of sulfur from the gas: the tail gas is firstly guided into an electric dust remover for dust removal, the tail gas after dust removal is then guided into an absorption tower, the tail gas in the absorption tower flows from bottom to top and is washed by circulating slurry flowing downwards in a countercurrent mode, and the circulating slurry is sprayed into the absorption tower through a nozzle arranged in a slurry spraying layer. The invention relates to a coal-fired power plant tail gas desulfurization method, which is characterized in that a double-alkaline mixed solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, SO, is added into a desulfurization device2And SO3Entering into alkaline solution in a molecular diffusion mode, and utilizing the double-alkaline mixed solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide and SO contained in tail gas2And SO3Wait to contain the sulphur molecule and carry out chemical reaction to eliminate the sulphur that contains in the tail gas, filter the washing through using ethanol to tail gas at last, eliminate the alkaline gas in the tail gas, thereby can effectually carry out the desulfurization to tail gas, and then make the tail gas of discharging in the atmosphere up to standard.

Description

Coal-fired power plant tail gas desulfurization method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the manufacture of tail gas desulfurization, in particular to a coal-fired power plant tail gas desulfurization method, and belongs to the technical field.
Background
Coal carbon is one of main energy sources in China, and occupies about 70% of energy yield of ancestral temple in western countries. On the premise of enriching coal carbon resources, a large amount of coal carbon still appears in thermal power plants in China in a short period, however, coal carbon contains a large amount of harmful components, sulfur components and mercury components are more prominent, the sulfur components mainly exist in tail gas in the form of sulfur dioxide, and acid rain is easily formed after the tail gas is discharged in the environment; the mercury component has rich forms in the tail gas, and is ionic or molecular, because the mercury has strong toxicity, if the mercury is discharged in the environment along with the tail gas, the mercury can enter lakes and rivers, and further enter organisms, and is converted into methyl mercury in the organisms, and the methyl mercury has an inhibiting effect on the metabolism of the organisms, so that the serious threat can be brought to the health of the organisms, therefore, the discharged tail gas can be discharged only after being treated, otherwise, large-area environmental damage can be caused. The existing tail gas desulfurization device for the coal-fired power plant cannot effectively remove sulfur in tail gas completely when in use, so that a small amount of sulfur molecules are discharged to the atmosphere along with the tail gas, and the tail gas discharge is not up to the standard.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for desulfurizing tail gas of a coal-fired power plant, which aims to solve the problem that a tail gas emission does not reach the standard due to the fact that a small amount of sulfur molecules are discharged into the atmosphere along with the tail gas because a tail gas desulfurizing device of the coal-fired power plant in the background art cannot effectively and thoroughly remove sulfur in the tail gas when in use.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a coal-fired power plant tail gas desulfurization method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the desulfurization method comprises the following steps:
s1: separation of sulfur from the gas: leading tail gas into an electric dust remover for dust removal, leading the tail gas after dust removal into an absorption tower, leading the tail gas in the absorption tower to flow from bottom to top and be washed by circulating slurry flowing downwards in a countercurrent mode, spraying the circulating slurry into the absorption tower through a nozzle arranged in a slurry spraying layer, and removing SO2And SO3；
S2: and (3) removing sulfur: introducing air into an absorption tower, making the air flow from bottom to top, heating the air containing SO2 and SO3 at high temperature, introducing the heated sulfur-containing air into a mixed solution containing sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide to perform a replacement reaction, and using the sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide solution as an absorbent;
s3: and (3) purifying the gas after sulfur removal again: introducing the gas into a two-stage demister for demisting, removing slurry fog drops carried in the clean tail gas at the demisting, washing the demister by process water from time to time according to a specific program, and introducing the tail gas into a solution containing ethanol for filtering;
s4: and (3) tail gas emission: and cooling the tail gas to 50 ℃ by using a cooler at the tail end of the outlet of the absorption tower, heating the tail gas to 85 ℃ by using a tail gas reheater, and discharging the heated tail gas to the atmosphere through the outlet of the absorption tower.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the relationship between the gas velocity of the absorption tower and the empty tower and the amount of the treated tail gas is as follows:
D2=4Vs/πu
in the formula: the tower diameter D is m;
vs-gas volume flow, Nm, under operating conditions3/s；
u-mixed gas linear velocity, m/s.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the sulfur removal chemical reaction comprises the following steps:
1s.SO3+Na2CO3→Na2SO4+CO2↑；
2s.SO2(minor amount) + Na2CO3=Na2CO3+CO2↑；
3s.2SO2(excess) + Na2CO3+H2O=2NaHSO3+CO2↑；
4s.2NaOH+SO3=Na2SO4+H2O；
5s.2NaOH+SO2(small amount) = Na2SO3+H2O；
6s.Na2SO3+H2O+SO2(excess) =2NaHSO3；
SO in air2And SO3 Through Na2CO3Conversion to HSO after addition of NaOH solution3 -And SO4 2-Ions.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the dust content of the tail gas is enabled to be less than 200mg/Nm after the tail gas passes through the electric dust remover3And raising the smoke pressure to 7000Pa by using a fan, spraying water through a Venturi tube for cooling and humidifying, and then entering an activated carbon desulfurization tower group arranged in parallel in the absorption tower, wherein the desulfurization rate is controlled to be more than or equal to 70%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the desulfurized tail gas is introduced into a scrubber containing a solution of ammonium phosphate, and the desulfurization is repeatedly scrubbed with a slurry of ammonium phosphate.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the method is characterized in that electricity is electrified in an ethanol solution to absorb sodium hydroxide steam and sodium carbonate steam doped in tail gas.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention relates to a coal-fired power plant tail gas desulfurization method, which is characterized in that a double-alkaline mixed solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, SO, is added into a desulfurization device2And SO3Enters into the alkaline solution in a molecular diffusion way, and utilizes the double-alkaline mixed solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide and the tail gas to containSO of (A)2And SO3Wait to contain the sulphur molecule and carry out chemical reaction to eliminate the sulphur that contains in the tail gas, filter the washing through using ethanol to tail gas at last, eliminate the alkaline gas in the tail gas, thereby can effectually carry out the desulfurization to tail gas, and then make the tail gas of discharging in the atmosphere up to standard.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme of a coal-fired power plant tail gas desulfurization method, which comprises the following steps:
example 1
A coal-fired power plant tail gas desulfurization method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the desulfurization method comprises the following steps:
s1: separation of sulfur from the gas: leading tail gas into an electric dust remover for dust removal, leading the tail gas after dust removal into an absorption tower, leading the tail gas in the absorption tower to flow from bottom to top and be washed by circulating slurry flowing downwards in a countercurrent mode, spraying the circulating slurry into the absorption tower through a nozzle arranged in a slurry spraying layer, and removing SO2And SO3；
S2: and (3) removing sulfur: introducing air into an absorption tower, making the air flow from bottom to top, heating the air containing SO2 and SO3 at high temperature, introducing the heated sulfur-containing air into a mixed solution containing sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide to perform a replacement reaction, and using the sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide solution as an absorbent;
s3: and (3) purifying the gas after sulfur removal again: introducing the gas into a two-stage demister for demisting, removing slurry fog drops carried in the clean tail gas at the demisting, washing the demister by process water from time to time according to a specific program, and introducing the tail gas into a solution containing ethanol for filtering;
s4: and (3) tail gas emission: and cooling the tail gas to 50 ℃ by using a cooler at the tail end of the outlet of the absorption tower, heating the tail gas to 85 ℃ by using a tail gas reheater, and discharging the heated tail gas to the atmosphere through the outlet of the absorption tower.
The relationship between the gas velocity of the absorption tower and the empty tower and the amount of the treated tail gas is as follows:
D2=4Vs/πu
in the formula: the tower diameter D is m;
vs-gas volume flow, Nm, under operating conditions3/s；
u-mixed gas linear velocity, m/s.
And (3) sulfur removal chemical reaction:
1s.SO3+Na2CO3→Na2SO4+CO2↑；
2s.SO2(minor amount) + Na2CO3=Na2CO3+CO2↑；
3s.2SO2(excess) + Na2CO3+H2O=2NaHSO3+CO2↑；
4s.2NaOH+SO3=Na2SO4+H2O；
5s.2NaOH+SO2(small amount) = Na2SO3+H2O；
6s.Na2SO3+H2O+SO2(excess) =2NaHSO3；
SO in air2And SO3 Through Na2CO3Conversion to HSO after addition of NaOH solution3 -And SO4 2-Ions.
After the tail gas passes through an electric dust collector, the dust content is less than 200mg/Nm3The smoke pressure is increased to 7000Pa by the fan, the smoke pressure is cooled and humidified by spraying water through the venturi tube, then the smoke pressure enters the parallel activated carbon desulfurization tower set in the absorption tower, the desulfurization rate is controlled to be greater than or equal to 70%, in order to reduce the treatment efficiency of the follow-up equipment on the tail gas, first-stage coarse desulfurization is carried out earlier, and the follow-up equipment carries out second-stage fine desulfurization on the desulfurized tail gas.
And (3) introducing the desulfurized tail gas into a washing tower containing ammonium phosphate solution, repeatedly washing and desulfurizing by using ammonium phosphate slurry, and completely eliminating sulfur molecules in the tail gas by utilizing the reaction of the ammonium phosphate slurry and sulfur in order to completely eliminate the sulfur molecules in the purified tail gas.
Electrifying in the ethanol solution to absorb sodium hydroxide steam and sodium carbonate steam doped in the tail gas, and ionizing polarized oxygen hydrogen bonds contained in the ethanol into alkoxy anions and protons after electrifying the ethanol so as to conveniently react and absorb the sodium hydroxide steam and the sodium carbonate steam.
The molar weight ratio of the sodium carbonate solution to the sodium hydroxide solution is 3: 4, the detection result of sulfur molecules in the final exhaust emission is 0.001% at the ratio.
Example 2
S1: separation of sulfur from the gas: leading tail gas into an electric dust remover for dust removal, leading the tail gas after dust removal into an absorption tower, leading the tail gas in the absorption tower to flow from bottom to top and be washed by circulating slurry flowing downwards in a countercurrent mode, spraying the circulating slurry into the absorption tower through a nozzle arranged in a slurry spraying layer, and removing SO2And SO3；
S2: and (3) removing sulfur: introducing air into an absorption tower, making the air flow from bottom to top, heating the air containing SO2 and SO3 at high temperature, introducing the heated sulfur-containing air into a mixed solution containing sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide to perform a replacement reaction, and using the sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide solution as an absorbent;
s3: and (3) purifying the gas after sulfur removal again: introducing the gas into a two-stage demister for demisting, removing slurry fog drops carried in the clean tail gas at the demisting, washing the demister by process water from time to time according to a specific program, and introducing the tail gas into a solution containing ethanol for filtering;
s4: and (3) tail gas emission: and cooling the tail gas to 50 ℃ by using a cooler at the tail end of the outlet of the absorption tower, heating the tail gas to 85 ℃ by using a tail gas reheater, and discharging the heated tail gas to the atmosphere through the outlet of the absorption tower.
And (3) sulfur removal chemical reaction:
1s.SO3+Na2CO3→Na2SO4+CO2↑；
2s.SO2(minor amount) + Na2CO3=Na2CO3+CO2↑；
3s.2SO2(excess) + Na2CO3+H2O=2NaHSO3+CO2↑；
4s.2NaOH+SO3=Na2SO4+H2O；
5s.2NaOH+SO2(small amount) = Na2SO3+H2O；
6s.Na2SO3+H2O+SO2(excess) =2NaHSO3。
The molar ratio of the sodium carbonate solution to the sodium hydroxide solution is 9: at 14 hours, the detection result of sulfur molecules in the final exhaust emission is 0.001.8% at the ratio.
Example 3
S1: separation of sulfur from the gas: leading tail gas into an electric dust remover for dust removal, leading the tail gas after dust removal into an absorption tower, leading the tail gas in the absorption tower to flow from bottom to top and be washed by circulating slurry flowing downwards in a countercurrent mode, spraying the circulating slurry into the absorption tower through a nozzle arranged in a slurry spraying layer, and removing SO2And SO3；
S2: and (3) removing sulfur: introducing air into an absorption tower, making the air flow from bottom to top, heating the air containing SO2 and SO3 at high temperature, introducing the heated sulfur-containing air into a mixed solution containing sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide to perform a replacement reaction, and using the sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide solution as an absorbent;
s3: and (3) purifying the gas after sulfur removal again: introducing the gas into a two-stage demister for demisting, removing slurry fog drops carried in the clean tail gas at the demisting, washing the demister by process water from time to time according to a specific program, and introducing the tail gas into a solution containing ethanol for filtering;
s4: and (3) tail gas emission: and cooling the tail gas to 50 ℃ by using a cooler at the tail end of the outlet of the absorption tower, heating the tail gas to 85 ℃ by using a tail gas reheater, and discharging the heated tail gas to the atmosphere through the outlet of the absorption tower.
And (3) sulfur removal chemical reaction:
1s.SO3+Na2CO3→Na2SO4+CO2↑；
2s.SO2(minor amount) + Na2CO3=Na2CO3+CO2↑；
3s.2SO2(excess) + Na2CO3+H2O=2NaHSO3+CO2↑；
4s.2NaOH+SO3=Na2SO4+H2O；
5s.2NaOH+SO2(small amount) = Na2SO3+H2O；
6s.Na2SO3+H2O+SO2(excess) =2NaHSO3。
The molar ratio of the sodium carbonate solution to the sodium hydroxide solution is 6: at the time of 11, the detection result of sulfur molecules in the final exhaust emission is 0.001.5% at the ratio.
The final result is that the molar ratio of the sodium carbonate solution to the sodium hydroxide solution is 9: and 14, the sulfur removal effect on the tail gas is best.
When the tail gas desulfurization method is used specifically, the tail gas is guided into an electric precipitator for dust removal, the tail gas after dust removal is guided into an absorption tower, the tail gas in the absorption tower flows from bottom to top and is washed by circulating slurry flowing downwards in a countercurrent mode, the circulating slurry is sprayed into the absorption tower through a nozzle arranged in a slurry spraying layer, and SO is removed2And SO3(ii) a Introducing air into an absorption tower, enabling the air to flow from bottom to top, heating the air containing SO2 and SO3 at high temperature, introducing the heated sulfur-containing air into a mixed solution containing sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, and performing a displacement reaction; demisting the gas introduced into a two-stage demister, removing slurry fog drops carried in the clean tail gas at the demisting part, washing the demister by process water from time to time according to a specific program, and introducing the tail gas into a solution containing ethanolAnd filtering, namely cooling the tail gas to 50 ℃ by using a cooler at the tail end of the outlet of the absorption tower, then heating to 85 ℃ by using a tail gas reheater, and discharging the heated tail gas to the atmosphere through the outlet of the absorption tower.
In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, for example, it may be fixedly attached, detachably attached, or integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the terms may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate, and may be communication between two elements or interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically limited, and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention will be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (6)

1. A coal-fired power plant tail gas desulfurization method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the desulfurization method comprises the following steps:
s1: separation of sulfur from the gas: leading tail gas into an electric dust remover for dust removal, leading the tail gas after dust removal into an absorption tower, leading the tail gas in the absorption tower to flow from bottom to top and be washed by circulating slurry flowing downwards in a countercurrent mode, spraying the circulating slurry into the absorption tower through a nozzle arranged in a slurry spraying layer, and removing SO2And SO3；
S2: and (3) removing sulfur: introducing air into an absorption tower, making the air flow from bottom to top, heating the air containing SO2 and SO3 at high temperature, introducing the heated sulfur-containing air into a mixed solution containing sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide to perform a replacement reaction, and using the sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide solution as an absorbent;
s3: and (3) purifying the gas after sulfur removal again: introducing the gas into a two-stage demister for demisting, removing slurry fog drops carried in the clean tail gas at the demisting, washing the demister by process water from time to time according to a specific program, and introducing the tail gas into a solution containing ethanol for filtering;
s4: and (3) tail gas emission: and cooling the tail gas to 50 ℃ by using a cooler at the tail end of the outlet of the absorption tower, heating the tail gas to 85 ℃ by using a tail gas reheater, and discharging the heated tail gas to the atmosphere through the outlet of the absorption tower.
2. The method for desulfurizing the tail gas of a coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the relationship between the gas velocity of the absorption tower and the empty tower and the amount of the treated tail gas is as follows:
D2=4Vs/πu
in the formula: the tower diameter D is m;
vs-gas volume flow, Nm, under operating conditions3/s；
u-mixed gas linear velocity, m/s.
3. The method for desulfurizing the tail gas of a coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) sulfur removal chemical reaction:
1s.SO3+Na2CO3→Na2SO4+CO2↑；
2s.SO2(minor amount) + Na2CO3=Na2CO3+CO2↑；
3s.2SO2(excess) + Na2CO3+H2O=2NaHSO3+CO2↑；
4s.2NaOH+SO3=Na2SO4+H2O；
5s.2NaOH+SO2(small amount) = Na2SO3+H2O；
6s.Na2SO3+H2O+SO2(excess) =2NaHSO3；
SO in air2And SO3 Through Na2CO3Conversion to HSO after addition of NaOH solution3 -And SO4 2-Ions.
4. The method for desulfurizing the tail gas of a coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: after the tail gas passes through an electric dust collector, the dust content is less than 200mg/Nm3And raising the smoke pressure to 7000Pa by using a fan, spraying water through a Venturi tube for cooling and humidifying, and then entering an activated carbon desulfurization tower group arranged in parallel in the absorption tower, wherein the desulfurization rate is controlled to be more than or equal to 70%.
5. The method for desulfurizing the tail gas of a coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: and introducing the desulfurized tail gas into a washing tower containing ammonium phosphate solution, and repeatedly washing and desulfurizing by using ammonium phosphate slurry.
6. The method for desulfurizing the tail gas of a coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: electrifying in the ethanol solution to absorb sodium hydroxide steam and sodium carbonate steam doped in the tail gas.
CN202110045982.6A 2021-01-14 2021-01-14 Coal-fired power plant tail gas desulfurization method Pending CN112619390A (en)

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