CN112615646B - Four-channel intermediate frequency equalizing amplification module used for radio astronomical receiver - Google Patents
Four-channel intermediate frequency equalizing amplification module used for radio astronomical receiver Download PDFInfo
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- CN112615646B CN112615646B CN202011451513.6A CN202011451513A CN112615646B CN 112615646 B CN112615646 B CN 112615646B CN 202011451513 A CN202011451513 A CN 202011451513A CN 112615646 B CN112615646 B CN 112615646B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a four-channel intermediate frequency equalizing amplification module used by a radio astronomy receiver, which consists of two symmetrical groups of bell-shaped equalizing structures, an amplifier, a power divider and a microstrip line, wherein the two groups of bell-shaped equalizing structures are respectively fixed on a printed circuit board through the microstrip line (11); the module performs gain equalization on 8 signals in a frequency band of 100MHz-600MHz, improves gain flatness of intermediate frequency signals, and amplifies the intermediate frequency signals. Gain flatness of 8 kinds of intermediate frequency signals passing through the four-channel intermediate frequency equalizing amplification module is less than 3.5 dBm. The device consists of low noise amplifier, equalizer and power divider. The equalizer adopts a design method of combining a lumped element and a microstrip line, the lumped element is a low-loss sheet-shaped multilayer ceramic capacitor, a high-Q-value filter type inductor and a thin-film resistor, and the equalizer has the characteristics of low cost, small volume, easiness in integration and high reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a four-channel intermediate frequency equalizing amplification module used for a radio astronomical receiver.
Background
Radio astronomy is an important research area in modern astronomy. The radio astronomical receiver converts the celestial body radio signal received by the radio telescope antenna into easily recordable form after modulation, amplification, frequency conversion, detection, filtering, calibration and other treatment. The 25 m radio telescope in south mountain of astronomical table in Xinjiang was built in 1993, and the aperture of the antenna after modification is 26 m. The improved 26-meter radio telescope mainly works in the L, S, C, K frequency band. Part of radio frequency signals of the radio astronomical receiver are converted into intermediate frequency signals through down conversion of a coupler, and the intermediate frequency signals are analyzed through an intermediate frequency monitoring system to determine the working state of the receiver. The radio astronomical receiver is positioned in a feed bin behind an auxiliary reflector of the 26-meter double-reflector antenna, and the intermediate-frequency signal is connected to the monitoring room from the feed bin through a coaxial cable. Because the coaxial cable is long in distance, the line loss of the intermediate frequency signals is large, and when the intermediate frequency signals of different frequency bands pass through the feeder line, the line loss is different, so that the intermediate frequency signals are different in output power at each frequency point. In order to compensate for the loss of the coaxial cable and maintain the gain flatness of the if signal, and the if signal needs four paths of output, therefore, a four-channel equalizing and amplifying module is required to provide an equalized output power curve.
The equalizer is the most core device of the four-channel equalizing amplification module. The radio frequency equalizer can be divided into an active equalizer and a passive equalizer according to whether power supply is needed or not, and the passive equalizer is adopted in general engineering. Common passive equalizers can be structurally classified into a waveguide type, a coaxial type, and a microstrip type. The microstrip equalizer has low cost and easy integration, and is very suitable for the design of the equalizer of a microwave frequency band. The equalizer is required to work in an intermediate frequency 100MHz-600MHz frequency band, and because the length of a microstrip line of the microstrip equalizer is in direct proportion to the frequency, the layout area of the microstrip equalizer designed according to the frequency band is too large, so that the processing cost is greatly increased and the integration is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a four-channel intermediate frequency equalizing amplification module used by a radio astronomy receiver, which consists of two symmetrical groups of bell-shaped equalizing structures, an amplifier, a power divider and a microstrip line, wherein the two groups of bell-shaped equalizing structures are respectively fixed on a printed circuit board through the microstrip line (11); the module performs gain equalization on 8 signals in a frequency band of 100MHz-600MHz, improves gain flatness of intermediate frequency signals, and amplifies the intermediate frequency signals. Gain flatness of 8 kinds of intermediate frequency signals passing through the four-channel intermediate frequency equalizing amplification module is less than 3.5 dBm. The device related by the invention is composed of a low noise amplifier, an equalizer and a power divider. The equalizer adopts a design method of combining a lumped element and a microstrip line, the lumped element is a low-loss sheet-shaped multilayer ceramic capacitor, a high-Q-value filter type inductor and a thin-film resistor, and the equalizer has the characteristics of low cost, small volume, easiness in integration and high reliability.
The invention relates to a four-channel intermediate frequency balanced amplification module of a radio astronomical receiver, which consists of two symmetrical bell-shaped balanced structures, an amplifier, a power divider and a microstrip line, wherein the two bell-shaped balanced structures, the amplifier and the power divider are respectively fixed on a printed circuit board through the microstrip line (11); the first group of bell-shaped equalizing structures arranged on the microstrip line (11) consists of a first patch capacitor (1), a first patch resistor (2), a second patch resistor (3), a third patch resistor (4), a fourth patch resistor (5), a first patch inductor (6), a fifth patch resistor (7), a second patch inductor (8), a first microstrip grounding through hole (9) and a second microstrip grounding through hole (10); a first chip capacitor (1), a first chip resistor (2), a second chip resistor (3), a third chip resistor (4), a fourth chip resistor (5), a first chip inductor (6), a fifth chip resistor (7), a second chip inductor (8), a first micro-strip grounding through hole (9) and a second micro-strip grounding through hole (10) are sequentially fixed from top to bottom;
the second group of bell-shaped balanced structures arranged on the microstrip line (11) consists of a second chip capacitor (12), a sixth chip resistor (13), a seventh chip resistor (14), an eighth chip resistor (15), a ninth chip resistor (16), a third chip inductor (17), a tenth chip resistor (18), a fourth chip inductor (19), a third microstrip grounding through hole (20) and a fourth microstrip grounding through hole (21), and the second chip capacitor (12), the sixth chip resistor (13), the seventh chip resistor (14), the eighth chip resistor (15), the ninth chip resistor (16), the third chip inductor (17), the tenth chip resistor (18), the fourth chip inductor (19), the third microstrip grounding through hole (20) and the fourth microstrip grounding through hole (21) are sequentially fixed from top to bottom; the first group of bell-shaped equalizing structures and the second group of bell-shaped equalizing structures are connected in parallel;
the amplifier structure fixed on the microstrip line (11) consists of a low noise amplifier (23), a first capacitor (22), a second capacitor (26), an alternating inductance (25), a third capacitor (30), a fourth capacitor (24), a fifth microstrip grounding through hole (27) and a sixth microstrip grounding through hole (28), a first capacitor (22), a low noise amplifier (23), a second capacitor (26) and a power divider (29) are respectively fixed in sequence from left to right, a third capacitor (30), a fourth capacitor (24) and an alternating inductance (25) are respectively fixed on the microstrip line (11) from top to bottom, a fifth microstrip grounding through hole (27) is arranged on the third capacitor (30), a sixth microstrip grounding through hole (28) is arranged on the fourth capacitor (24), a plurality of microstrip lines (11) are respectively arranged at one end of the power divider (29), and the specific operation is carried out according to the following steps:
a. the module is connected to a radio astronomical receiver intermediate frequency monitoring circuit, firstly, a 5V direct current power supply is fed into the module from a microstrip line above a third capacitor (30), the third capacitor (30), a fourth capacitor (24), a fifth microstrip grounding through hole (27) and a sixth microstrip grounding through hole (28) provide a grounding loop for power supply ripples, the ripples flow to the ground through the holes of the fifth microstrip grounding through hole (27) and the sixth microstrip grounding through hole (28), and the influence of the ripples on an amplifier circuit is reduced;
b. 5V voltage passes through a large AC isolating inductor (25), so that the amplifier works under 5V DC bias, and the AC isolating inductor (25) isolates AC intermediate frequency signals from entering a DC power supply, thereby preventing the AC signals from generating adverse effects on the power supply;
c. 8 radio frequency signals are S wave band left rotation (S _ L), S wave band right rotation (S _ R), L wave band left rotation (L _ L), L wave band (L _ R) right rotation, K wave band left rotation (K _ L), K wave band right rotation (K _ R), C wave band left rotation (C _ L) and C wave band right rotation (C _ R) which are converted into 8 different intermediate frequency signals through down-conversion, 8 different intermediate frequency signals enter from the left side of the module and enter an equalizer circuit of the module through a rectangular microstrip line on the left side of a first chip resistor (2), the equalizer circuit is formed by connecting two bell-shaped circuit structures in parallel, a first group of bell-shaped equalization structures are formed by a first chip capacitor (1), a first chip resistor (2), a second chip resistor (3), a third chip resistor (4), a fourth chip resistor (5), a first chip inductor (6), a fifth chip resistor (7), The second patch inductor (8), the first microstrip grounding through hole (9) and the second microstrip grounding through hole (10); the second group of bell-shaped equalizing structures consists of a second chip capacitor (12), a sixth chip resistor (13), a seventh chip resistor (14), an eighth chip resistor (15), a ninth chip resistor (16), a third chip inductor (17), a tenth chip resistor (18), a fourth chip inductor (19), a third microstrip grounding through hole (20) and a fourth microstrip grounding through hole (21); the first chip capacitor (1), the second chip capacitor (12), the first chip inductor (6) and the third chip inductor (17) determine the resonant frequency of the equalizer circuit, if the resonant frequency of the equalizer circuit in actual test deviates from a simulation value, the actual resonant frequency is finely adjusted by replacing the first chip capacitor (1), the second chip capacitor (12), the first chip inductor (6) and the third chip inductor (17) with different values, the fourth chip inductor (5), the first chip inductor (6), the fifth chip inductor (7), the second chip inductor (8), the ninth chip inductor (16), the third chip inductor (17), the tenth chip inductor (18) and the fourth chip inductor (19) determine the slope of the equalization value of the equalizer circuit, if the equalization value of the equalizer circuit in actual test has an error with the equalization value in simulation, the fourth chip inductor (5) is adjusted, The balance value of the equalizer is adjusted according to different values of a first chip inductor (6), a fifth chip resistor (7), a second chip inductor (8), a ninth chip resistor (16), a third chip inductor (17), a tenth chip resistor (18) and a fourth chip inductor (19);
d. after 8 different intermediate frequency signals pass through an equalizer circuit, the intermediate frequency signals enter an amplifier circuit through a first capacitor (22), the first capacitor (22) prevents direct current signals in the circuit from entering the amplifier circuit, the influence of harmful direct current signals on the amplifier circuit is reduced, a low noise amplifier (23) performs power amplification on the 8 different intermediate frequency signals under the condition of 5V direct current bias, and the amplified intermediate frequency alternating current signals enter a power divider (29) through a second capacitor (26);
e. the power divider (29) equally divides 8 different intermediate frequency signals input by the amplifier circuit into four parts on average, and the intermediate frequency signals with equal power output four paths of intermediate frequency signals with equal power amplitude and phase through four microstrip lines with equal length on the right side of the power divider (29).
The first patch capacitor (1), the second patch capacitor (12), the first capacitor (22), the second capacitor (26), the third capacitor (30) and the fourth capacitor (24) are low-loss sheet-shaped multilayer ceramic capacitors.
The first patch inductor (6), the second patch inductor (8), the third patch inductor (17), the fourth patch inductor (19) and the isolated cross inductor (25) are high-Q filter inductors.
The dielectric layer of the printed circuit board is Rogers4350B and the thickness is 0.762 mm.
The power distributor (29) is JS4 PS-1W.
According to the four-channel balanced amplification module, the whole circuit structure is arranged on a dielectric substrate Rogers4350B with the thickness of 0.762 mm.
The invention relates to a four-channel intermediate frequency balanced amplification module of a radio astronomy receiver, which is used for balancing intermediate frequency signals of a whole link and comprises two same clock type circuit structures, wherein one clock type balanced structure consists of a first patch capacitor (1), a first patch resistor (2), a second patch resistor (3), a third patch resistor (4), a fourth patch resistor (5), a first patch inductor (6), a fifth patch resistor (7), a second patch inductor (8), a first microstrip grounding through hole (9) and a second microstrip grounding through hole (10); the other bell-shaped balance structure consists of a second chip capacitor (12), a sixth chip resistor (13), a seventh chip resistor (14), an eighth chip resistor (15), a ninth chip resistor (16), a third chip inductor (17), a tenth chip resistor (18), a fourth chip inductor (19), a third microstrip grounding through hole (20) and a fourth microstrip grounding through hole (21), all chip passive devices are connected by microstrip lines (11), and the two bell-shaped structures are connected in parallel and can balance intermediate-frequency signals in a wider frequency band; the microstrip line can tune the impedance matching of the equalizer by tuning the length and the width of the microstrip line besides the function of connecting the lumped element, and the mode of combining the lumped element and the microstrip line can greatly reduce the area of a circuit layout, thereby reducing the cost and being easy to integrate;
the amplifier structure is used for amplifying the equalized intermediate frequency signal, and comprises a low noise amplifier (23), a first capacitor (22), a second capacitor (26) and an alternating inductance (25), the low-noise amplifier comprises a third capacitor (30), a fourth capacitor (24), a fifth microstrip grounding through hole (27) and a sixth microstrip grounding through hole (28), an intermediate frequency signal passing through an equalizer is amplified in signal power through a first capacitor (22) and a low-noise amplifier (23), a direct current 5V voltage is filtered through the third capacitor (30) and the fourth capacitor (24)) and a direct current blocking inductor (25) to supply power to the low-noise amplifier (23), the third capacitor (23) and the fourth capacitor (24), the first microstrip grounding through hole (27) and the second microstrip grounding through hole (28) filter ripples of a 5V power supply, the alternating current blocking inductor (25) prevents the intermediate frequency signal from entering the power supply, and the amplified intermediate frequency signal enters a 1-4-divided power distributor (29) through the second capacitor (26);
the amplified intermediate frequency signal is averagely divided into four paths of equal power for output through a power divider (29); the invention relates to a four-channel intermediate frequency equalizing amplification module of a radio astronomical receiver, which is an important component of the receiver, wherein a left circularly polarized signal and a right circularly polarized signal of L, S, C, K wave bands of the receiver are converted into intermediate frequency signals through down-conversion, the intermediate frequency monitoring system analyzes the intermediate frequency signals to determine the working state of the receiver, the intermediate frequency detection system is far away from the receiver and is connected through a coaxial cable, so that the line loss is large, the signal losses of different frequencies are different, the higher the frequency is, the higher the loss is, the lower the power of the intermediate frequency signals is, and the gain flatness is reduced along with the increase of the frequency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a four-channel IF equalizing amplification module according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a line loss test chart of 8 intermediate frequency signals of the radio astronomical receiver of the present invention varying with frequency;
fig. 4 is a gain diagram of the frequency-dependent change of 8 intermediate frequency signals after the four-channel equalizing amplification module according to the present invention is added to the intermediate frequency circuit.
Detailed Description
The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Examples
The invention relates to a four-channel intermediate frequency balanced amplification module of a radio astronomical receiver, which consists of two symmetrical inverted-bell-shaped balanced structures, an amplifier, a power divider and a microstrip line, wherein the two inverted-bell-shaped balanced structures, the amplifier and the power divider are respectively fixed on a printed circuit board through the microstrip line 11; the first group of inverted-bell-shaped equalization structures arranged on the microstrip line 11 consists of a first chip capacitor 1, a first chip resistor 2, a second chip resistor 3, a third chip resistor 4, a fourth chip resistor 5, a first chip inductor 6, a fifth chip resistor 7, a second chip inductor 8, a first microstrip grounding through hole 9 and a second microstrip grounding through hole 10; a first chip capacitor 1, a first chip resistor 2, a second chip resistor 3, a third chip resistor 4, a fourth chip resistor 5, a first chip inductor 6, a fifth chip resistor 7, a second chip inductor 8, a first microstrip grounding through hole 9 and a second microstrip grounding through hole 10 are sequentially fixed from top to bottom;
the second inverted-bell-shaped equalization structure arranged on the microstrip line 11 is composed of a second chip capacitor 12, a sixth chip resistor 13, a seventh chip resistor 14, an eighth chip resistor 15, a ninth chip resistor 16, a third chip resistor 17, a tenth chip resistor 18, a fourth chip inductor 19, a third microstrip ground through hole 20 and a fourth microstrip ground through hole 21, and the second chip capacitor 12, the sixth chip resistor 13, the seventh chip resistor 14, the eighth chip resistor 15, the ninth chip resistor 16, the third chip inductor 17, the tenth chip resistor 18, the fourth chip inductor 19, the third microstrip ground through hole 20 and the fourth microstrip ground through hole 21 are sequentially fixed from top to bottom; the first group of inverted bell-shaped equalizing structures and the second group of inverted bell-shaped equalizing structures are connected in parallel;
the amplifier structure fixed on the microstrip line 11 is composed of a low noise amplifier 23, a first capacitor 22, a second capacitor 26, an alternating inductance 25, a third capacitor 30, a fourth capacitor 24, a fifth microstrip grounding through hole 27 and a sixth microstrip grounding through hole 28, the first capacitor 22, the low noise amplifier 23, the second capacitor 26 and a power divider 29 are respectively fixed from left to right in sequence, the third capacitor 30, the fourth capacitor 24 and the alternating inductance 25 are respectively fixed on the microstrip line 11 from top to bottom in sequence, the fifth microstrip grounding through hole 27 is arranged on the third capacitor 30, the sixth microstrip grounding through hole 28 is arranged on the fourth capacitor 24, one end of the power divider 29 is respectively provided with a plurality of microstrip lines 11, and the specific operation is carried out according to the following steps:
a. the module is connected to a radio astronomical receiver intermediate frequency monitoring circuit, firstly, a 5V direct current power supply is fed into the module from a microstrip line above a third capacitor 30, the third capacitor 30, a fourth capacitor 24, a fifth microstrip grounding through hole 27 and a sixth microstrip grounding through hole 28 provide a grounding loop for power supply ripples, the ripples flow to the ground through the fifth microstrip grounding through hole 27 and the sixth microstrip grounding through hole 28, and the influence of the ripples on an amplifier circuit is reduced;
b. 5V voltage passes through a large AC isolating inductor 25, so that the amplifier works under 5V DC bias, and the AC isolating inductor 25 isolates AC intermediate frequency signals from entering a DC power supply to prevent the AC signals from generating adverse effects on the power supply;
c. 8 radio frequency signals are S wave band left rotation (S _ L), S wave band right rotation (S _ R), L wave band left rotation (L _ L), L wave band (L _ R) right rotation, K wave band left rotation (K _ L), K wave band right rotation (K _ R), C wave band left rotation (C _ L) and C wave band right rotation (C _ R) which are converted into 8 different intermediate frequency signals through down conversion, 8 different intermediate frequency signals enter from the left side of the module and enter an equalizer circuit of the module through a rectangular microstrip line on the left side of a first patch resistor 2, the equalizer circuit is formed by connecting two inverted bell-shaped circuit structures in parallel, and the first inverted bell-shaped equalization structure is formed by a first patch capacitor 1, a first patch resistor 2, a second patch resistor 3, a third patch resistor 4, a fourth patch resistor 5, a first patch inductor 6, a fifth patch resistor 7 and a second patch inductor 8, A first microstrip grounding through hole 9 and a second microstrip grounding through hole 10; the second inverse-bell-shaped equalization structure is composed of a second chip capacitor 12, a sixth chip resistor 13, a seventh chip resistor 14, an eighth chip resistor 15, a ninth chip resistor 16, a third chip inductor 17, a tenth chip resistor 18, a fourth chip inductor 19, a third microstrip grounding through hole 20 and a fourth microstrip grounding through hole 21, the first chip capacitor 1, the second chip capacitor 12, the first chip inductor 6 and the third chip inductor 17 determine the resonance frequency of the equalizer circuit, if the resonance frequency of the equalizer circuit in actual test deviates from a simulated value, the actual resonance frequency is finely adjusted by replacing the first chip capacitor 1, the second chip capacitor 12, the first chip inductor 6 and the third chip inductor 17 with different values, and the fourth chip resistor 5, the first chip inductor 6, the fifth chip inductor 7, the second chip inductor 8, the ninth chip resistor 16, the third chip inductor 17, the eighth chip inductor 15, the ninth chip inductor 16, the ninth chip inductor 17 and the eighth chip inductor, The tenth chip resistor 18 and the fourth chip inductor 19 determine the slope of the balanced value of the equalizer circuit, and if the balanced value of the equalizer in actual test and the balanced value in simulation have errors, the balanced value of the equalizer is adjusted by adjusting different values of the fourth chip resistor 5, the first chip inductor 6, the fifth chip resistor 7, the second chip inductor 8, the ninth chip resistor 16, the third chip inductor 17, the tenth chip resistor 18 and the fourth chip inductor 19;
d. after passing through the equalizer circuit, the 8 different intermediate frequency signals enter the amplifier circuit through the first capacitor 22, the first capacitor 22 prevents the direct current signals in the circuit from entering the amplifier circuit, the influence of harmful direct current signals on the amplifier circuit is reduced, the low noise amplifier 23 performs power amplification on the 8 different intermediate frequency signals under the 5V direct current bias, and the amplified intermediate frequency alternating current signals enter the power divider 29 through the second capacitor 26;
e. the power divider 29 equally divides 8 different intermediate frequency signals input by the amplifier circuit into four parts on average, and the intermediate frequency signals with equal power output four paths of intermediate frequency signals with equal power amplitude and phase through four microstrip lines with equal length on the right side of the power divider 29;
the first chip capacitor 1, the second chip capacitor 12, the first capacitor 22, the second capacitor 26, the third capacitor 30 and the fourth capacitor 24 are low-loss sheet-shaped multilayer ceramic capacitors;
the first chip inductor 6, the second chip inductor 8, the third chip inductor 17, the fourth chip inductor 19 and the alternating current isolating inductor 25 are high-Q filter inductors;
the dielectric layer of the printed circuit board is Rogers4350B, and the thickness is 0.762 mm; power splitter 29 is JS4 PS-1W;
the ultra-wideband radio astronomical receiver can receive 8 radio frequency signals in total, wherein the 8 radio frequency signals are S wave band left-handed (S _ L), S wave band right-handed (S _ R), L wave band left-handed (L _ L), L wave band (L _ R) right-handed, K wave band left-handed (K _ L), K wave band right-handed (K _ R), C wave band left-handed (C _ L) and C wave band right-handed (C _ R), the 8 radio frequency signals are changed into 8 intermediate frequency signals through a down converter, a receiver monitoring system monitors the radio frequency signals through 8 different intermediate frequency signals, and the 8 different intermediate frequency signals show different slope attenuations through line loss, as shown in figure 3;
the four-channel intermediate frequency equalizing and amplifying module of the radio astronomical receiver is applied to an intermediate frequency monitoring circuit of the radio astronomical receiver, and realizes the functions of equalizing and amplifying intermediate frequency signals and outputting four paths within the bandwidth of 100MHz-600MHz, and the schematic diagram of the module is shown in figure 2;
after passing through the equalizing amplification module of the present invention, the power divider 29 equally divides the 8 different intermediate frequency signals input by the amplifier circuit into four parts, and the intermediate frequency signals with equal power output four paths of intermediate frequency signals with equal power amplitude and phase through four microstrip lines with equal length on the right side of the power divider 29, wherein the intermediate frequency signals in one path are as shown in fig. 4.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A four-channel intermediate frequency balanced amplification module of a radio astronomical receiver is characterized in that: the module consists of two symmetrical groups of bell-shaped balanced structures, an amplifier, a power divider and a microstrip line, wherein the two groups of bell-shaped balanced structures are respectively fixed on a printed circuit board through the microstrip line (11), and the amplifier and the power divider are fixed on the printed circuit board; the first group of bell-shaped equalizing structures arranged on the microstrip line (11) consists of a first patch capacitor (1), a first patch resistor (2), a second patch resistor (3), a third patch resistor (4), a fourth patch resistor (5), a first patch inductor (6), a fifth patch resistor (7), a second patch inductor (8), a first microstrip grounding through hole (9) and a second microstrip grounding through hole (10); a first chip capacitor (1), a first chip resistor (2), a second chip resistor (3), a third chip resistor (4), a fourth chip resistor (5), a first chip inductor (6), a fifth chip resistor (7), a second chip inductor (8), a first micro-strip grounding through hole (9) and a second micro-strip grounding through hole (10) are sequentially fixed from top to bottom;
the second group of bell-shaped equalizing structures arranged on the microstrip line (11) consists of a second patch capacitor (12), a sixth patch resistor (13), a seventh patch resistor (14), an eighth patch resistor (15), a ninth patch resistor (16), a third patch inductor (17), a tenth patch resistor (18), a fourth patch inductor (19), a third microstrip grounding through hole (20) and a fourth microstrip grounding through hole (21), and the second patch capacitor (12), the sixth patch resistor (13), the seventh patch resistor (14), the eighth patch resistor (15), the ninth patch resistor (16), the third patch inductor (17), the tenth patch resistor (18), the fourth patch inductor (19), the third microstrip grounding through hole (20) and the fourth microstrip grounding through hole (21) are sequentially fixed from top to bottom; the first group of bell-shaped equalizing structures and the second group of bell-shaped equalizing structures are connected in parallel;
the amplifier structure fixed on the microstrip line (11) consists of a low noise amplifier (23), a first capacitor (22), a second capacitor (26), an alternating inductance (25), a third capacitor (30), a fourth capacitor (24), a fifth microstrip grounding through hole (27) and a sixth microstrip grounding through hole (28), a first capacitor (22), a low noise amplifier (23), a second capacitor (26) and a power divider (29) are respectively fixed in sequence from left to right, a third capacitor (30), a fourth capacitor (24) and an alternating inductance (25) are respectively fixed on the microstrip line (11) from top to bottom, a fifth microstrip grounding through hole (27) is arranged on the third capacitor (30), a sixth microstrip grounding through hole (28) is arranged on the fourth capacitor (24), a plurality of microstrip lines (11) are respectively arranged at one end of the power divider (29), and the specific operation is carried out according to the following steps:
a. the module is connected to a radio astronomical receiver intermediate frequency monitoring circuit, firstly, a 5V direct current power supply is fed in from a microstrip line above a third capacitor (30) by the module, the third capacitor (30), a fourth capacitor (24), a fifth microstrip grounding through hole (27) and a sixth microstrip grounding through hole (28) provide a grounding loop for power supply ripples, so that the ripples flow to the ground through the holes of the fifth microstrip grounding through hole (27) and the sixth microstrip grounding through hole (28), and the influence of the ripples on an amplifier circuit is reduced;
b. 5V voltage passes through a large AC isolating inductor (25), so that the amplifier works under 5V DC bias, and the AC isolating inductor (25) isolates AC intermediate frequency signals from entering a DC power supply, thereby preventing the AC signals from generating adverse effects on the power supply;
c. 8 radio frequency signals are S wave band left rotation (S _ L), S wave band right rotation (S _ R), L wave band left rotation (L _ L), L wave band right rotation (L _ R), K wave band left rotation (K _ L), K wave band right rotation (K _ R), C wave band left rotation (C _ L), C wave band right rotation (C _ R) are changed into 8 different intermediate frequency signals through down conversion, 8 different intermediate frequency signals enter from the left side of the module, and enter the equalizer circuit of the module through the rectangular microstrip line on the left side of the first patch resistor (2), the equalizer circuit is formed by connecting two bell-shaped circuit structures in parallel, the first set of bell-shaped equalization structure is formed by connecting a first patch capacitor (1), a first patch resistor (2), a second patch resistor (3), a third patch resistor (4), a fourth patch resistor (5), a first patch inductor (6), a fifth patch resistor (7), The second patch inductor (8), the first microstrip grounding through hole (9) and the second microstrip grounding through hole (10); the second group of bell-shaped equalizing structures consists of a second chip capacitor (12), a sixth chip resistor (13), a seventh chip resistor (14), an eighth chip resistor (15), a ninth chip resistor (16), a third chip inductor (17), a tenth chip resistor (18), a fourth chip inductor (19), a third microstrip grounding through hole (20) and a fourth microstrip grounding through hole (21); the first patch capacitor (1), the second patch capacitor (12), the first patch inductor (6) and the third patch inductor (17) determine the resonant frequency of the equalizer circuit, if the resonant frequency of the equalizer circuit in actual test deviates from a simulation value, the actual resonant frequency is finely adjusted by replacing the first patch capacitor (1), the second patch capacitor (12), the first patch inductor (6) and the third patch inductor (17) with different values, the fourth patch resistor (5), the first patch inductor (6), the fifth patch resistor (7), the second patch inductor (8), the ninth patch resistor (16), the third patch inductor (17), the tenth patch resistor (18) and the fourth patch inductor (19) determine the slope of the equalization value of the equalizer circuit, if the equalization value of the equalizer in actual test has an error with the equalization value in simulation, adjusting the balance value of the equalizer by adjusting different values of a fourth chip resistor (5), a first chip inductor (6), a fifth chip resistor (7), a second chip inductor (8), a ninth chip resistor (16), a third chip inductor (17), a tenth chip resistor (18) and a fourth chip inductor (19);
d. after 8 different intermediate frequency signals pass through an equalizer circuit, the intermediate frequency signals enter an amplifier circuit through a first capacitor (22), the first capacitor (22) prevents direct current signals in the circuit from entering the amplifier circuit, the influence of harmful direct current signals on the amplifier circuit is reduced, a low noise amplifier (23) performs power amplification on the 8 different intermediate frequency signals under the condition of 5V direct current bias, and the amplified intermediate frequency alternating current signals enter a power divider (29) through a second capacitor (26);
e. the power divider (29) equally divides 8 different intermediate frequency signals input by the amplifier circuit into four parts on average, and the intermediate frequency signals with equal power output four paths of intermediate frequency signals with equal power amplitude and phase through four microstrip lines with equal length on the right side of the power divider (29).
2. The four-channel intermediate frequency equalization amplification module of the radio astronomical receiver of claim 1, wherein: the first patch capacitor (1), the second patch capacitor (12), the first capacitor (22), the second capacitor (26), the third capacitor (30) and the fourth capacitor (24) are low-loss sheet-shaped multilayer ceramic capacitors.
3. The four-channel intermediate frequency equalization amplification module of the radio astronomical receiver of claim 1, wherein: first paster inductance (6), second paster inductance (8), third paster inductance (17), fourth paster inductance (19) and separate and intersect inductance (25) and be high Q value filtering type inductance.
4. The four-channel intermediate frequency equalization amplification module of the radio astronomical receiver of claim 1, wherein: the dielectric layer of the printed circuit board is Rogers4350B and the thickness is 0.762 mm.
5. The four-channel intermediate frequency equalization amplification module of the radio astronomical receiver of claim 1, wherein: the power distributor (29) is JS4 PS-1W.
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