CN112610160A - Step-shaped composite sheet of CVD diamond layer-impregnated diamond layer-polycrystalline diamond composite sheet layer - Google Patents
Step-shaped composite sheet of CVD diamond layer-impregnated diamond layer-polycrystalline diamond composite sheet layer Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
Abstract
The invention relates to a step-type composite piece of a CVD diamond layer-impregnated diamond layer-polycrystalline diamond composite piece layer, which consists of the polycrystalline diamond composite piece layer, an impregnated diamond layer and a CVD diamond layer, wherein the impregnated diamond layer wraps the polycrystalline diamond composite piece layer, a groove for exposing the polycrystalline diamond composite piece layer is formed in the front end surface of the impregnated diamond layer along the drilling direction, the CVD diamond layer is arranged on the impregnated diamond layer, and the CVD diamond layer is ensured to be firstly contacted with a rock stratum during drilling work. Compared with the prior art, the invention combines the advantages of the CVD diamond layer, the impregnated diamond layer and the polycrystalline diamond composite sheet layer, can rapidly break rock and improve the working efficiency, and also prolongs the service life of the whole composite sheet. The method has high social value for the fields of petroleum drilling, geological drilling, coal field exploitation and the like in the future.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rock breaking tool preparation, and relates to a step-shaped composite sheet of a CVD diamond layer-impregnated diamond layer-polycrystalline diamond composite sheet layer.
Background
The diamond coating is a novel functional material in the 21 st century, has high strength, high frictional wear performance, high thermal conductivity and chemical stability, and has wide application prospect, the drill bit is a rock breaking tool for breaking rocks and forming a shaft in a drilling process, the quality of the drill bit seriously affects the drilling quality and speed, and meanwhile, the cost for replacing the drill bit is higher, so that the service life of the drill bit is especially important to be prolonged. At present, a polycrystalline diamond compact is more applied to a diamond bit tool.
The polycrystalline diamond compact is prepared by loading a hard alloy matrix and diamond micro powder into a metal cup and sintering at high temperature and high pressure under the condition of a metal catalyst. Because the difference between the thermal expansion coefficient of cobalt and diamond is large, microcracks are easily formed between diamond and metal cobalt in the actual drilling process, and the composite sheet is thermally failed; on the other hand, the graphitization of the diamond is promoted under the high-temperature condition, and the service life of the composite sheet is shortened. For example, patent CN107313720A discloses a polycrystalline compact bit, which is easy to slip at the bottom of a well when drilling a rock stratum with high hardness, the drilling speed is slow, and meanwhile, the continuous operation is easy to cause high temperature in a working area, which is easy to cause thermal wear and damage to the bit, so that the bit needs to be replaced integrally, and the economic cost is increased. Patent CN103072332A discloses a polycrystalline diamond compact, the upper layer is a polycrystalline diamond layer, and the lower layer is a hard alloy layer. The polycrystalline diamond layer comprises a cobalt-poor wear-resistant area and a cobalt-rich impact-resistant area, so that the polycrystalline diamond compact cannot directly break rock under the condition of bearing impact. However, in practical situations, the diamond particles need to be fully sintered to ensure the wear resistance and impact toughness of the compact. Patent CN105215388A adopts a method of changing the bonding interface between the cemented carbide substrate and the polycrystalline diamond, and although the bonding force of the interface is reduced, the bonding is performed by adopting shapes such as step and groove, and the property difference between the two materials is not changed. Local stress concentration still easily occurs through high-temperature high-pressure sintering, so that the tool fails and cracks, and the service life is reduced.
The CVD diamond layer is prepared by adopting a chemical vapor deposition method, the higher the purity is, the better the surface quality is, and the better the performance of the CVD diamond layer is. Patent US5439492 and patents CN101476445A and CN102861917B respectively propose to cover CVD diamond layer to improve the high temperature resistance and wear resistance, and although the high temperature resistance of the CVD layer is improved, the quality of the diamond layer deposited by the CVD method is difficult to guarantee. Impregnated diamond layer, for example patent CN103406538A is mostly during the diamond particle distribution of fine grain gets to the drill bit matrix, when creeping into, along with the matrix wearing and tearing, the diamond can constantly expose the grinding rock, has the characteristics that compressive capacity is big, the abrasion resistance is strong, the impact resistance is good. CN105018780A proposes that a diamond bit matrix contains diamond particles, WC, YG6 and a small amount of metals such as Co, Mn, Ti and the like, trace alloy elements and rare earth elements are still required to be added to improve the bonding performance, so that the matrix is complex, the mixing is uneven and the performance is uneven; when drilling into hard, compact and weak abrasive stratum, it is easy to slip and not go to the depth.
To sum up, provide a novel notch cuttype compound piece, improve its wearability and impact toughness, increase of service life is the key problem that this technical field personnel need to solve urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a step-shaped composite sheet of a CVD diamond layer-impregnated diamond layer-polycrystalline diamond composite sheet layer, so that rock can be rapidly broken, the working efficiency is improved, and the service life of the whole composite sheet is prolonged.
The polycrystalline diamond composite sheet has the advantages of high hardness, high wear resistance, high cutting capacity on geological layers and high mechanical drilling speed; the advantages of rock breaking and cutting are combined with the high strength and the wear resistance of the CVD diamond layer; the diamond-impregnated composite sheet has the advantages of good wear resistance and temperature resistance, and good comprehensive use performance.
The invention combines the advantages of the CVD diamond layer, the impregnated diamond layer and the polycrystalline diamond composite sheet layer, thereby not only being capable of rapidly breaking rock and improving the working efficiency, but also prolonging the service life of the whole composite sheet. The method has high social value for the fields of petroleum drilling, geological drilling, coal field exploitation and the like in the future.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a CVD diamond layer-impregnated diamond layer-polycrystalline diamond composite sheet's notch cuttype compound piece comprises polycrystalline diamond composite sheet, impregnated diamond layer and CVD diamond layer, wherein, impregnated diamond layer wraps polycrystalline diamond composite sheet, and follows the direction of creeping into, the front end surface of impregnated diamond layer has the recess that exposes polycrystalline diamond composite sheet, CVD diamond layer set up on impregnated diamond layer to ensure when creeping into the work, CVD diamond layer contacts the stratum foremost.
Further, the CVD diamond layer is deposited on the front end surface of the impregnated diamond layer in the drilling direction.
Furthermore, the thickness of the CVD diamond layer is not less than 0.01 mm.
Furthermore, the thickness of the CVD diamond layer is 20-30 μm.
Furthermore, the CVD diamond layer be the thin strip and insert in the impregnated diamond layer, and the tip of CVD diamond layer exposes impregnated diamond layer's front end surface.
Furthermore, the CVD diamond layers are uniformly arranged on the impregnated diamond layer in a ring shape.
Still further preferably, the number of CVD diamond layers is 4-8.
Further, the depth of the groove is 20-30 μm.
Furthermore, the groove is also subjected to crystal planting treatment.
Furthermore, the grain size of the diamond micro powder used for the crystal planting is one or more of nano crystal, submicron crystal, micron crystal, fine grain crystal or coarse grain crystal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the CVD diamond layer has good grinding performance, the impregnated diamond layer is suitable for drilling into a harder rock stratum, and the polycrystalline diamond composite sheet layer has the advantages of high drilling speed and footage;
(2) when the CVD diamond layer is arranged on the front end surface of the impregnated diamond layer, the soft to medium hard rock stratum can be processed by utilizing the high wear resistance of the CVD diamond layer, so that the service life of the composite sheet is prolonged; secondly, breaking rock by using the grinding effect of the impregnated diamond; the working efficiency is further improved by combining the higher mechanical drilling speed and footage of the polycrystalline diamond composite sheet layer;
(3) when the CVD diamond layer is placed into the impregnated diamond layer in a thin strip shape, the high hardness and the wear resistance of the CVD diamond layer are utilized firstly in a local hard point form, so that the rock stratum is cracked to break the rock; secondly, drilling impregnated diamonds and high drilling speed of the polycrystalline diamond compact layer are utilized, so that the service life and the working efficiency of the step-shaped compact are improved;
(4) the stepped composite sheet drill bit designed by the invention can prolong the service life of the drill bit, reduce the drilling frequency, improve the economic benefit and provide reference for the industrial application of the drill bit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of one of the stepped composite sheets of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is another schematic view of a stepped composite sheet;
the notation in the figure is:
1-CVD diamond layer, 2-impregnated diamond layer and 3-polycrystalline diamond composite sheet layer.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
In the following embodiments, the descriptions of the corresponding directions such as "up" and "down" are described with reference to the corresponding drawings, and may be adjusted in practice as needed. CVD diamond layer preparation reference may be made to the preparation method of patent (CN 107236935B); the impregnated diamond layer mainly uses the formula of an impregnated drill bit of a national key laboratory of superhard materials of Jilin university, as shown in table 1, and the polycrystalline diamond composite sheet layer is prepared according to the formula shown in table 2 and is produced and manufactured by Shandong Dongdingbao diamond Co Ltd by adopting a conventional method.
Table 1 formulation ingredients and amounts
| Composition (I) | WC | YG6 | Ni | Mn | 663 bronze |
| Mass percent/%) | 40 | 15 | 5 | 5 | 35 |
| Density/(g/cm)3) | 15.5 | 15.1 | 8.9 | 7.43 | 8.8 |
TABLE 2 alloy compositions and contents
| Alloy composition | WC | Co | Cu | Sn |
| Mass percent/%) | 61.10 | 3.90 | 29.75 | 5.25 |
Example 1:
the utility model provides a CVD diamond layer + impregnated diamond layer + polycrystalline diamond composite sheet's notch cuttype compound piece, this notch cuttype compound piece from the top down comprises CVD diamond layer 1, impregnated diamond layer 2 and polycrystalline diamond composite sheet 3 in proper order. Polycrystalline diamond compact piece layer 3 is wrapped up by impregnated diamond layer 2, utilizes the assembling die of special configuration to sinter the compound piece of this kind of shape, and simultaneously, impregnated diamond layer 2's upper surface has a recess that exposes polycrystalline diamond compact piece layer 3, plants the crystalline substance in the recess between impregnated diamond layer 2 and polycrystalline diamond compact piece layer 3. The diamond micro powder used for the crystal planting can be one or more of nano-crystal (1-100 nm), submicron crystal (0.1-1 μm), micron crystal (1-10 μm), fine crystal (10-100 μm) and coarse crystal (0.1-1 mm) (the nano-crystal particle size is adopted in the embodiment). And depositing a layer of CVD diamond film on the surface of the composite sheet by using a chemical vapor deposition method and an MPCVD device, wherein the thickness of the film is 20-30 mu m.
Under the actual working condition, firstly, a soft to medium hard rock stratum is processed, the impact is not very large, and the CVD diamond layer 1 exerts the stronger wear resistance to process. When the rock layer is hard to be harder during the processing, the CVD diamond layer 1 falls off due to poor impact resistance and poor adhesion, and the impregnated diamond layer 2 is exposed to continue the processing of the rock layer. But the mechanical drilling speed and the footage effect are poor, and at the moment, the polycrystalline diamond composite sheet layer 3 plays a role. Because the thickness difference of the impregnated diamond layer 2 and the polycrystalline diamond composite sheet layer 3 is 20-30 μm, the phase difference is not large, and the rock stratum is not absolute level, the drilling work is carried out in a staggered mode. Through the step-type composite sheet of the design, the service life of the composite sheet can be prolonged, the drilling frequency is reduced, and the economic benefit is increased.
Example 2
The utility model provides a compound piece of CVD diamond layer + impregnated diamond layer + polycrystalline diamond composite sheet layer, this notch cuttype compound piece from the top down is CVD diamond layer 1 in proper order, impregnated diamond layer 2, polycrystalline diamond composite sheet layer 3. The CVD diamond layers 1 are in a thin strip shape, meanwhile, the number of the thin strip-shaped CVD diamond layers 1 can be 4,6,8 and the like, and the thin strip-shaped CVD diamond layers are uniformly arranged in the impregnated diamond layer 2 in an annular shape. The polycrystalline diamond composite sheet layer 3 is wrapped by the diamond impregnated layer 2, and the composite sheet with the shape is sintered by using a combined die with a special configuration. The polycrystalline diamond composite sheet layer 3 is wrapped by the diamond-impregnated layer 2, the composite sheet with the shape is sintered by using a combined die with a special configuration, meanwhile, the upper surface of the diamond-impregnated layer 2 is provided with a groove for exposing the polycrystalline diamond composite sheet layer 3, and the depths of the CVD diamond layer 1 for exposing the diamond-impregnated layer 2 and the groove are all about 20-30 mu m. The grooves need to be seeded, and on the basis of the requirement, the deposition of the diamond coating is carried out by referring to the preparation method of the invention patent (CN 107236935B). The grain size of the diamond micro powder used for the crystal planting is one or more of nano crystal, submicron crystal, micron crystal, fine grain crystal or coarse grain crystal.
In the actual working process, firstly, because the purity of the CVD diamond layer 1 is high, the rock breaking effect is good, and when the rock stratum meets the hardest material, the rock stratum meets hard mass points equivalently, and cracks are generated; then the impregnated diamond layer 2 gradually breaks and cracks the rock stratum by utilizing the grinding action of the impregnated diamond layer; and finally, by utilizing the comprehensive action of the polycrystalline diamond composite sheet layer 3, the good mechanical drilling speed and footage can be realized, so that the petroleum exploration and the geological drilling are realized.
Because the formation is not absolutely horizontal, the height difference between each of the CVD diamond layer 1, impregnated diamond layer 2 and polycrystalline diamond compact layer 3 is not very large. When the rock stratum contacts the polycrystalline diamond composite sheet layer 3, the polycrystalline diamond composite sheet layer 3 can be preferentially utilized to play a cutting role similar to a milling cutter or a micro-cutter and the like, the rock is firstly crushed, and cracks are generated to expand; when the diamond-impregnated layer 2 contacts with the rock stratum, the diamond-impregnated layer removes the rock by a grinding method similar to a grinding wheel, the service life of the composite drill bit is prolonged, and the rotating speed of the drill bit and the pressure of the drill bit can be properly improved.
Performance testing
The CVD diamond layer-impregnated diamond layer-polycrystalline diamond composite layer step compacts of examples 1 and 2 were tested for hardness, impact resistance, and wear ratio.
Performing hardness test by using an EM-4000 micro Vickers hardness measurement system; heating the step composite sheet at 800-900 ℃ for 2min, and performing impact test by using a steel ball impact test (KR-1 type impact toughness tester), wherein the steel ball quality is as follows: 0.5kg, the ball falling distance is 40 cm; measuring by adopting a simulation drilling experiment, processing granite with a certain volume, and then calculating the abrasion ratio: the wear ratio is the granite wear mass/wear mass of the composite sheet. The abrasion ratio is analyzed, and the larger the abrasion ratio, the better the abrasion ratio.
TABLE 3
| hardness/Hv | Number of impacts | Abrasion ratio of ten thousand | |
| Example 1 | 48 | 19 | 49 |
| Example 2 | 43 | 15 | 41 |
| General of | 30 | 10 | 32 |
As can be seen from table 3, the stepped composite sheet provided by the present invention has the advantages of high hardness and good efficiency. The method is suitable for the fields of oil drilling, geological drilling, coal field exploitation and the like, and has a very high application prospect.
The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a CVD diamond layer-impregnated diamond layer-polycrystalline diamond composite sheet's notch cuttype compound piece, its characterized in that comprises polycrystalline diamond composite sheet, impregnated diamond layer and CVD diamond layer, wherein, impregnated diamond layer wraps polycrystalline diamond composite sheet, and follows the direction of creeping into, impregnated diamond layer's front end surface has the recess that exposes polycrystalline diamond composite sheet, CVD diamond layer set up on impregnated diamond layer to ensure when creeping into the work, CVD diamond layer contacts the stratum foremost.
2. The stepped compact of CVD diamond layer-impregnated diamond layer-polycrystalline diamond composite sheet of claim 1, wherein the CVD diamond layer is deposited on a front end surface of the impregnated diamond layer in a drilling direction.
3. The step-type compact of CVD diamond layer-impregnated diamond layer-polycrystalline diamond composite sheet layer according to claim 2, wherein the CVD diamond layer has a thickness of not less than 0.01 mm.
4. The step-shaped compact of a CVD diamond layer-impregnated diamond layer-polycrystalline diamond composite sheet layer according to claim 2, wherein the thickness of the CVD diamond layer is 20-30 μm.
5. The stepped compact of CVD diamond layer-impregnated diamond layer-polycrystalline diamond composite sheet of claim 1, wherein the CVD diamond layer is inserted into the impregnated diamond layer in the form of a strip, and the end of the CVD diamond layer is exposed at the front end surface of the impregnated diamond layer.
6. The step-shaped compact of CVD diamond layer-impregnated diamond layer-polycrystalline diamond composite sheet layer according to claim 5, wherein the CVD diamond layers are uniformly arranged on the impregnated diamond layer in a ring shape.
7. The step-shaped compact of CVD diamond layer-impregnated diamond layer-polycrystalline diamond composite sheet layer according to claim 6, wherein the number of CVD diamond layers is 4-8.
8. The step-shaped compact of a CVD diamond layer-impregnated diamond layer-polycrystalline diamond composite sheet according to claim 1, wherein the depth of the grooves is 20-30 μm.
9. The step-shaped compact of a CVD diamond layer-impregnated diamond layer-polycrystalline diamond composite sheet according to claim 1, wherein the grooves are further subjected to a seeding treatment.
10. The stepped compact of a CVD diamond layer-impregnated diamond layer-polycrystalline diamond composite sheet according to claim 9, wherein the diamond micro powder used for the seeding has a particle size of one or more of nanocrystalline, sub-nanocrystalline, fine-grained or coarse-grained.
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