CN112609271B - Special cup-rotating spinning equipment for jute and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a special rotary cup spinning device for jute and application thereof, wherein the special rotary cup spinning device for jute is provided with a yarn guide roller pair, a yarn guide and a winding device, and comprises a drafting mechanism and an active suction and exhaust type rotary cup device which are arranged in sequence; the count of the jute yarn spun by adopting special rotor spinning equipment for jute is more than 30 metric counts; the jute ripe strips are firstly subjected to super-large drafting by a drafting mechanism, then directly sucked into a rotor of an active suction and exhaust type rotor device rotating at a high speed for fiber coagulation and twisting, then pulled out of the rotor by a yarn guide roller pair and a yarn guide, and wound into cross cheese by a winding roller. The special rotor spinning equipment for jute spins the jute with large rigidity, long length and large dispersion into high count yarn, and lays a good foundation for the wide market prospect of jute products.

Description

Special cup-rotating spinning equipment for jute and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of spinning equipment, relates to novel rotor spinning equipment and application thereof, and particularly relates to special rotor spinning equipment for jute and application thereof, in particular to special rotor spinning equipment for jute, which directly enters a rotor after being drafted, and application thereof in spinning jute yarns.

Background

The jute fiber is used as natural polymer fiber with extremely high domestic yield, has the excellent characteristics of coolness, air permeability, good antibacterial property, high tensile strength, low price, easy biodegradation and the like, and has wide market prospect and considerable economic benefit. However, the single fibers are very short, 1mm to 2.5mm in length, and 1.9mm in average length, and the fibers need to be spun by a bundled process fiber. The traditional jute spinning process flow at present is as follows: the method comprises the steps of ramie, ramie softener, piling, carding, drawing (three paths) - (roving), spun yarn, spooling (reeling) and bale forming. The jute spinning machine is divided into a fine count spinning machine and a coarse count spinning machine, and the suitable spinning count is 1.0 to 4.5 counts. The jute bundle fiber has poor spinnability due to high rigidity, long length and high dispersion. The traditional jute spinning machine has high spinning jute yarn breakage rate and low spooling efficiency, and can only spin low count jute yarn for processing low-grade products such as jute bags and the like or blending with fibers such as cotton and the like. Based on the above characteristics, in order to develop market application of jute, it is necessary to propose a spinning device special for jute.

Rotor spinning and air-jet vortex spinning are used as novel spinning equipment with wide application, a roving link is omitted, raw strips or cooked strips can be directly processed to obtain cone yarns which can be used for post-processing or sale, and therefore production efficiency is very high. However, since jute fiber has high rigidity, it cannot be spun by air-jet vortex spinning. Compared to ring spinning, rotor spinning is more environmentally friendly in terms of dust and noise emissions. The rotor spinning machine is divided into a self-exhaust type rotor and an air suction type rotor according to different negative pressure forming modes in the rotor. The diameter of the air suction type rotor is small, so that the air suction type rotor is not beneficial to straightening and unfolding of fibers and is not suitable for spinning long fiber yarns and thick count yarns. The diameter of the self-exhaust type revolving cup is larger, and the revolving speed is generally slower, so the self-exhaust type revolving cup is suitable for spinning wool, hemp and other non-cotton products. However, the negative pressure in the rotor is mainly determined by the rotating speed of the rotor, so that the negative pressure in the rotor is unstable and low, thereby affecting the yarn quality and increasing the end breakage rate. The invention discloses a double-airflow rotor spinning machine with publication number CN103305930A, which combines the advantages of self-exhaust type and suction type spinning machines, and a process air pipe is connected to the rotor cavity of the self-exhaust type rotor for active air exhaust. The invention can ensure the high and stable negative pressure in the revolving cup even if the revolving cup runs at low speed. But this rotor spinning apparatus has a combing roller device.

In addition, when the carding roller of the traditional rotor spinning equipment rotates at a high speed, on one hand, the carding roller can damage fibers to different degrees, so that the effective length of the fibers is reduced, and especially for jute fibers with high rigidity and poor cohesion force, the effective length of the fibers is reduced, so that the problems of high breakage rate of spun yarns, loose yarn forming structure, low yarn strength and the like can be caused; on the other hand, if the surface speed of the opening roller exceeds the speed of the air flow, the fibers are likely to be curled, and the unevenness of the resultant yarn is deteriorated.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the jute fiber spinning has high breakage rate, low spooling efficiency, incapability of manufacturing high count yarns and the like, and provides the special revolving cup spinning equipment for jute, which has high efficiency, high manufacturing rate and wide spinnable count range.

The invention aims to provide special revolving cup spinning equipment for jute, which is special revolving cup spinning equipment for jute and directly enters a revolving cup after being drafted. The special rotor spinning equipment for jute spins the jute with large bundle fiber rigidity, long length and large dispersion into high count yarn, and lays a good foundation for the wide market prospect of jute products.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a high count jute yarn.

The invention also aims to provide a spinning method of the high count jute yarn.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a cup-spinning apparatus for jute is composed of a pair of yarn-guiding rollers, a yarn guider, a winder, a drafting mechanism and an active sucking-exhausting cup-rotating unit.

As a preferred technical scheme:

the drafting mechanism is a four-roller double-short apron drafting mechanism, and comprises a main drafting area, a middle drafting area and a rear drafting area. The drafting mechanism can also be a three-roller double-apron drafting mechanism and a five-roller double-apron drafting mechanism according to the number and the types of spun yarns.

According to the special rotor spinning equipment for jute, the main drafting zone is double short apron drafting; the total draft multiple of the draft mechanism is 9.5-300 times.

The rotor spinning device special for jute has the main drafting zone draft multiple of 6-40 times, the middle drafting zone draft multiple of 1-3 times and the rear drafting zone draft multiple of 2-5 times, so that the rotor spinning device is suitable for spinning high-count jute yarns.

According to the special cup spinning equipment for jute, the active air suction and exhaust type cup rotating device is characterized in that an air pipe is connected to a cup rotating cavity of the self-exhaust type cup rotating device and a squirrel-cage fan is connected for active air suction; because the squirrel-cage fan can provide accurate ventilation and has high efficiency and performance. On one hand, centrifugal force generated when the spinning cup rotates at high speed is discharged from the air discharge hole to form negative pressure in the cup, and the negative pressure measured from the yarn guide pipe opening is between 2.8 and 8 kPa; on the other hand, because the suction fan actively sucks, the vacuum degree in the spinning cup is greatly improved, which is beneficial to the fiber strand entering the rotor from the drafting mechanism.

The special revolving cup spinning equipment for jute is characterized in that the diameter of a revolving cup in the active air suction and exhaust type revolving cup device is 33-200 mm, and the revolving cup rotating speed is 8000-80000 r/min. The rotor speed should be lower than the rotation speed for spinning the same count of pure cotton yarn because the jute fiber has poor cohesion and if the rotor speed is high, the spinning tension is easy to be large, and the broken ends are increased.

Since the speed of the rotor is high, the rotation speed of the front roller is required to be high, and the fiber bundle is likely to be rapidly diffused at a high speed and an excessively large draft ratio, so that it is necessary to enhance the control of the apron nip and the front roller nip on the fiber bundle. In addition, in order to ensure that the fiber strand is sucked into the rotor from the drafting mechanism, the drafting strand is required not to be transversely moved. In general, the whole drafting should follow the process route of 'tight gauge, heavy pressurization, zero jaw, strong control'.

According to the revolving cup spinning equipment special for jute, the revolving cup is an S-shaped spinning cup, a U-shaped spinning cup, a G-shaped spinning cup or a T-shaped spinning cup, and different types of spinning cups can be selected according to different product requirements.

In the above-mentioned revolving cup spinning equipment for jute, the jute fiber coming out from the drafting mechanism is sucked into the cup to be coagulated and twisted. Due to the poor cohesion of jute fibers, the diameter and curvature of a false twisting disc are properly increased to increase the false twisting effect and reduce the broken ends of spun yarns, and the diameter of the false twisting disc is 6-50 mm, and the curvature radius is 4-20 mm.

The invention also provides the jute yarn spun by the special revolving cup spinning equipment for jute, the count of the jute yarn is more than 30 metric counts, the spinnable range of the jute yarn is increased, the jute yarn is beneficial to the development and application of jute products, and the jute yarn not only can be used for spinning the jute yarn, but also can be extended to process fiber yarns for spinning hemp, ramie and the like and blended yarns.

The invention also provides a method for spinning jute yarn by the special revolving cup spinning equipment for jute, which comprises the following steps of carrying out super-large drafting on the mature jute sliver by a drafting mechanism, directly sucking the mature jute sliver into a revolving cup of an active suction and exhaust type revolving cup device rotating at high speed for fiber coagulation and twisting, pulling the yarn out of the revolving cup by a yarn guide roller pair and a yarn guide, and winding the yarn into cross bobbin yarn by a winding roller; the rotating speed of the high-speed rotation is 8000-80000 r/min.

The principle of the invention is as follows:

the special revolving cup spinning equipment for jute removes a carding roller in the traditional revolving cup spinning, adopts a drafting mechanism which does not damage the fiber length to carry out ultra-large drafting on the fed drawn sliver and then directly sucks the drawn sliver into a revolving cup. The active air suction and exhaust type rotor device adopts the combination of active air suction type and self air exhaust type to ensure that the interior of the rotor is in a stable high negative pressure state so as to ensure that the fiber strands are smoothly sucked into the rotor from the drafting device. In order to ensure that a stable and uniform fiber flow is formed in the rotating cup, the jute is subjected to two needle carding procedures in the previous procedure, process bundle fibers are maximally carded into single process fibers and are arranged in parallel, and then, the jute is subjected to three drawing procedures to form cooked jute strips. Then, the jute ripe strip is firstly drafted by a drafting mechanism, then enters a spinning cup rotating at a high speed for fiber condensation and twisting, then the yarn is pulled out of the rotating cup by a yarn guide roller pair and a yarn guide, and the yarn is wound into cross cheese by a winding roller.

After two needle-combing processes, the technology bundle fiber is combed into a simplex to the maximum extent, and two points are needed to be solved for ensuring that the sliver smoothly enters the cup: firstly, the active air suction and exhaust type cup rotating device ensures stable high negative pressure in the cup; secondly, the jute fiber has large rigidity, poor cohesion and less entanglement among fibers. Therefore, the process fibers arranged in parallel can be smoothly sucked into the rotor by high negative pressure after passing through the drafting mechanism, and a stable and uniform fiber flow is formed in a single process fiber state without damaging the fiber length.

Advantageous effects

1. The special rotor spinning equipment for jute omits the roving link, and the drawn sliver is fed into the equipment and then directly spun into cone yarn for post processing or commodity. On one hand, the spinning efficiency is improved, and on the other hand, the broken end condition of a ring spinning link and a winding link is avoided.

2. The rotor spinning equipment special for jute removes the carding roller, can avoid the damage to jute fiber caused by carding and conveying processes, can reduce the broken ends of spun yarn, and is favorable for the evenness of finished yarn evenness and the strength of finished yarn.

3. The rotary cup cavity of the active air suction and exhaust type rotary cup device is connected with the air pipe, and the squirrel-cage type fan is used for active suction, so that the negative pressure in the rotary cup is high and stable, and jute strands coming out of the drafting mechanism can be ensured to stably and smoothly enter the rotary cup.

4. The special revolving cup spinning equipment for jute adopts a four-roller double-apron drafting mechanism, the maximum drafting multiple can reach 300 times, the condition is provided for spinning high-count jute yarn on the premise of not damaging the fiber length, and the foundation is laid for the development and application of jute products.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the active air suction and exhaust type rotor apparatus according to the present invention;

the device comprises 1-jute cooked strips, 2-cooked strip barrels, 3-rear leather rollers, 4-rear rollers, 5-middle rear leather rollers, 6-middle rear rollers, 7-middle front rubber rollers, 8-middle front rollers, 9-upper leather rings, 10-lower leather rings, 11-front leather rollers, 12-front rollers, 13-active suction and exhaust type rotor devices, 14-yarn guide leather rollers, 15-yarn guide rollers, 16-yarn guides, 17-winding rollers, 18-cone yarns, 19-yarn guide tubes, 20-cotton carding channels, 21-false twisting discs, 22-coagulation grooves, 23-exhaust holes, 24-spinning cups, 25-rotor cavities, 26-air pipes and 27-squirrel cage fans.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

A special rotary cup spinning device for jute is provided with a yarn guide roller pair, a yarn guide and a winding device, and comprises a drafting mechanism and an active suction and exhaust type rotary cup device which are arranged in sequence;

the drafting mechanism is a three-roller double-apron drafting mechanism, a four-roller double-short-apron drafting mechanism or a five-roller double-apron drafting mechanism, and the drafting multiple is 9.5-300 times; the drafting mechanism comprises a main drafting area, a middle drafting area and a rear drafting area; the main drafting zone is double short apron drafting, the drafting multiple of the main drafting zone is 6-40 times, the drafting multiple of the middle drafting zone is 1-3 times, and the drafting multiple of the rear drafting zone is 2-5 times;

the active air suction and exhaust type rotating cup device is characterized in that an air pipe is connected to a rotating cup cavity of the self-exhaust type rotating cup and connected with a squirrel-cage fan to perform active air suction; the diameter of a rotor in the active air suction and exhaust type rotor device is 33-200 mm, and the rotating speed of the rotor is 8000-80000 r/min; the rotor is an S-shaped spinning rotor, a U-shaped spinning rotor, a G-shaped spinning rotor or a T-shaped spinning rotor;

the diameter of the false twisting disk is 6-50 mm, and the curvature radius is 4-20 mm.

Example 1

As shown in figures 1-2, the jute yarn spun by the special rotor spinning equipment for jute of the invention is made of jute ripe strips with the quantitative of 7.5 g/m: a four-roller double-rubber-ring drafting mechanism is adopted, the mature jute slivers 1 in a mature sliver can 2 enter a rear drafting zone through a jaw between a rear leather roller 3 and a rear roller 4, then enter a middle drafting zone through a jaw between a middle rear leather roller 5 and a middle rear roller 6 for low-power drafting, enter a space (a main drafting zone) between an upper leather ring 9 sleeved on a middle front rubber roller 7 and a lower leather ring 10 sleeved on a middle front roller 8 respectively, are subjected to main drafting under the high-speed rotation of a front roller 12, and finally enter a front jaw of a front leather roller 11 and a front roller 12, and the process finishes the ultra-large drafting of slivers. Wherein the draft multiple of the rear draft zone is 5, the draft multiple of the middle zone is 1.5, and the draft multiple of the main draft zone is 40. After coming out of the front nip, the sliver is sucked into the spinning rotor 24 through the carding channel 20 of the active suction and exhaust type rotor device 13. The air flow continuously comes out from the air outlet 23 on one hand, and continuously pumps air from the spinning cup 24 through the squirrel cage fan 27 and the air pipe 26 connected with the rotor cavity 25 on the other hand, so that the negative pressure in the cup is kept at 8kPa, and the strands are ensured to smoothly enter the spinning cup 24. The fibers continuously slide along the wall of the spinning rotor 24 into the coagulation bath 22 with the largest diameter, forming a circumferential array of strands tightly attached to the rotor wall. Thus, the rotor rotates together with the strands of beard, which rotate around the false twist disk 21 like a crank arm, and the twisting is performed to form a yarn. Then, the yarn is drawn out from the spinning cup through the false twisting disk 21 and the yarn drawing tube 19 by the yarn drawing leather roller 14 and the yarn drawing roller 15, and the yarn passes through the yarn guide 16 and is wound by the rotation of the winding roller 17 to form the cone yarn 18. The final count of the resulting jute yarn was 40 counts.

Example 2

The jute yarn is spun by the special rotor spinning equipment for jute, and the raw materials are jute cooked strips with the quantitative of 9.5 g/m: a four-roller double-rubber-ring drafting mechanism is adopted, the mature jute slivers 1 in a mature sliver can 2 enter a rear drafting zone through a jaw between a rear leather roller 3 and a rear roller 4, then enter a middle drafting zone through a jaw between a middle rear leather roller 5 and a middle rear roller 6 for low-power drafting, enter a space (a main drafting zone) between an upper leather ring 9 sleeved on a middle front rubber roller 7 and a lower leather ring 10 sleeved on a middle front roller 8 respectively, are subjected to main drafting under the high-speed rotation of a front roller 12, and finally enter a front jaw of a front leather roller 11 and a front roller 12, and the process finishes the ultra-large drafting of slivers. Wherein the draft multiple of the rear draft zone is 5, the draft multiple of the middle zone is 1.5, and the draft multiple of the main draft zone is 38. After coming out of the front nip, the sliver is sucked into the spinning rotor 24 through the carding channel 20 of the active suction and exhaust type rotor device 13. The air flow continuously comes out from the air outlet 23 on one hand, and continuously pumps air from the spinning cup 24 through the squirrel cage fan 27 and the air pipe 26 connected with the rotor cavity 25 on the other hand, so that the negative pressure in the cup is kept at 8kPa, and the strands are ensured to smoothly enter the spinning cup 24. The fibers continuously slide along the wall of the spinning rotor 24 into the coagulation bath 22 with the largest diameter, forming a circumferential array of strands tightly attached to the rotor wall. Thus, the rotor rotates together with the strands of beard, which rotate around the false twist disk 21 like a crank arm, and the twisting is performed to form a yarn. Then, the yarn is drawn out from the spinning cup through the false twisting disk 21 and the yarn drawing tube 19 by the yarn drawing leather roller 14 and the yarn drawing roller 15, and the yarn passes through the yarn guide 16 and is wound by the rotation of the winding roller 17 to form the cone yarn 18. The final produced jute yarn had a count of 30 cm.

Claims (9)

1. A method for spinning jute yarn by adopting jute rotor spinning equipment is characterized by comprising the following steps: the jute rotor spinning equipment is provided with a yarn guide roller pair, a yarn guide and a winding device, comprises a drafting mechanism and an active suction and exhaust type rotor device which are arranged in sequence, and does not comprise a carding roller;

the jute ripe strips are firstly drafted by a drafting mechanism, then directly sucked into a rotor of an active suction and exhaust type rotor device rotating at a high speed for fiber coagulation and twisting, then the yarns are pulled out of the rotor by a yarn guide roller pair and a yarn guide, and the yarns are wound into cross cheese by a winding roller; the rotating speed of the high-speed rotation is 8000-80000 r/min.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the drafting mechanism is a four roller double short apron drafting mechanism comprising a main drafting zone, a middle drafting zone and a rear drafting zone.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the primary drafting zone is a double short apron drafting; the total draft multiple of the draft mechanism is 9.5-300 times.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the draft ratio in the main draft zone is 6 to 40 times, the draft ratio in the middle draft zone is 1 to 3 times, and the draft ratio in the post draft zone is 2 to 5 times.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the active suction and exhaust type rotor device is formed by connecting an air pipe to a rotor cavity of a self-exhaust type rotor and connecting a squirrel cage fan to perform active air suction.

6. The method according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the diameter of the rotor in the active suction and exhaust type rotor device is 33-200 mm, and the rotating speed of the rotor is 8000-80000 r/min.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the rotor is an S-shaped, U-shaped, G-shaped or T-shaped rotor.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the false twist disk has a diameter of 6 to 50mm and a radius of curvature of 4 to 20 mm.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the jute yarn has a count of 30 counts or more.

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