Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a novel EVA-modified pour point depressant comprising a first polymer represented by formula (I) and a second polymer represented by formula (II):
wherein: the VA content in the first polymer is 32-45% (mole fraction), and n is 800-2500.
This application first polymer possesses polar group and nonpolar group simultaneously, and nonpolar group and wax carry out the eutectic, and the polar group is stayed the wax crystalline phase outside to hinder interact between the wax crystalline phase, prevent growing up of wax crystalline phase, reduced the freezing point of crude oil, and then reach the mesh of improving crude oil mobility.
On one hand, the second polymer has the effects that the proportion of polar groups to non-polar groups in the first polymer is adjusted, so that the content of the polar groups and the non-polar groups in pour point depressant molecules is moderate, and a better pour point depression effect is achieved; on the other hand, the second polymer has good organic compatibility and monodispersity, the microstructure of the second polymer is a microsphere structure, and because the surface of the microsphere can be provided with polar groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, sulfonic acid group and the like in the preparation process, the polar groups can attract the polar groups of the first polymer, so that the first polymer and the second polymer are matched to achieve a better pour point depressing effect.
Preferably, the pour point depressant consists of a first polymer and a second polymer, and the weight ratio of the first polymer to the second polymer is (10-20): 1.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the first polymer to the second polymer is 12:1 by weight.
Preferably, the molecular weight of the first polymer is 10000-25000.
Preferably, the second polymer is PS microspheres prepared by an emulsion polymerization method, and the particle size of the PS microspheres is 300 nm-1 μm.
The application also provides a preparation method of the novel EVA modified pour point depressant, which comprises the following steps:
(1) heating and stirring the first polymer at 115-130 ℃ to be molten;
(2) dropwise adding the second polymer emulsion into the molten first polymer to obtain a mixture;
(3) and (3) cooling and crushing the mixture obtained in the step (2) to obtain the EVA modified pour point depressant.
The melting point of the first polymer is lower than that of the second polymer but higher than the boiling point of the liquid in the second polymer emulsion, so that the second polymer emulsion is added to the first polymer in a molten state, and the second polymer is uniformly dispersed in the first polymer in a molten state with volatilization of the liquid in the second polymer emulsion.
Preferably, the preparation method of the second polymer emulsion comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving 0.1-0.4 part of dispersant and 2.0-3.5 parts of modifier in 60-72 parts of solvent according to parts by weight to obtain a first mixture, wherein the solvent is an ethanol aqueous solution, the dispersant is polyvinylpyrrolidone, and the modifier is a mixture of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and maleic anhydride;
(2) dropwise adding 12-20 parts of styrene monomer into the first mixture to obtain a second mixture;
(3) dripping 0.2-0.5 part of initiator into the second mixture, and reacting for 1.5-3.5 h at 82-96 ℃; the initiator is potassium persulfate;
(4) after the reaction is finished, cooling and filtering are carried out to obtain a second polymer emulsion.
In the preparation process of the second polymer emulsion, due to the selection of the modifier and the dispersant, on one hand, microspheres with uniform particle size distribution and good monodispersity can be prepared, and on the other hand, the surfaces of the second polymer microspheres are provided with a large number of polar groups, so that the second polymer microspheres can be better matched with the first polymer.
Preferably, the ethanol content in the solvent in the step (1) is 60-84% (v/v).
Preferably, the mass ratio of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and maleic anhydride in the step (1) is 1: (1.2-2): (0.8 to 1.2).
On the other hand, the invention also provides the application of the EVA modified pour point depressant in the treatment of the wax-containing crude oil; preferably, the wax content of the waxy crude oil is not less than 10%, more preferably, not less than 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%; in a preferred embodiment, the waxy crude oil has a wax content of 20-30%.
This application can bring following beneficial effect:
1. the product molecule simultaneously has a polar group and a nonpolar group, the nonpolar group and the wax are subjected to eutectic crystal, and the polar group prevents wax crystal from growing, so that the freezing point of crude oil is reduced, and the aim of improving the fluidity of the crude oil is fulfilled;
2. according to the pour point depressant, the first polymer and the second polymer are compounded, and the obtained pour point depressant can achieve a good pour point depression effect;
3. the addition of the second polymer can adjust the proportion of polar groups to non-polar groups in the first polymer, so that the content of the polar groups to the non-polar groups in pour point depressant molecules is moderate, and a better pour point depression effect is achieved;
4. the second polymer has good organic compatibility and monodispersity, the microstructure of the second polymer is a microsphere structure, and because polar groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, sulfonic acid and the like are arranged on the surface of the microsphere in the preparation process and are attracted with the polar groups of the first polymer, the first polymer and the second polymer are matched to achieve a better pour point depression effect;
5. the melting point of the first polymer is lower than that of the second polymer but higher than the boiling point of the liquid in the second polymer emulsion, so that the second polymer emulsion is added to the first polymer in a molten state, and the second polymer is uniformly dispersed in the first polymer in a molten state with volatilization of the liquid in the second polymer emulsion.
Detailed Description
Example 1: a preparation method of a novel EVA modified pour point depressant comprises the following steps:
(1) heating and stirring the first polymer at 115-130 ℃ to be molten;
(2) dropwise adding the second polymer emulsion into the molten first polymer to obtain a mixture;
(3) and (3) cooling and crushing the mixture obtained in the step (2) to obtain the EVA modified pour point depressant.
The preparation method of the second polymer emulsion comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving 0.1-0.4 part of dispersant and 2.0-3.5 parts of modifier in 60-72 parts of solvent according to parts by weight to obtain a first mixture, wherein the solvent is an ethanol aqueous solution, the dispersant is polyvinylpyrrolidone, and the modifier is a mixture of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and maleic anhydride;
(2) dropwise adding 12-20 parts of styrene monomer into the first mixture to obtain a second mixture;
(3) dripping 0.2-0.5 part of initiator into the second mixture, and reacting for 1.5-3.5 h at 82-96 ℃; the initiator is potassium persulfate;
(4) after the reaction is finished, cooling and filtering are carried out to obtain a second polymer emulsion.
The specific implementation conditions are as follows:
TABLE 1 concrete conditions for the novel EVA modified pour point depressant
Example 2: characterization of
The high-wax crude oil adopted in the embodiment is used as experimental oil, the solidifying point of the experimental oil is 33 ℃, the wax content is 23%, the colloid asphaltene content is 10-15%, the viscosity is 800-. Viscosity in this example is a measure of the viscosity of the pour point depressant for crude oil at 60 ℃.
In addition, the dispersion state of a second polymer in the novel EVA modified pour point depressant in a first polymer is also characterized, and the prepared pour point depressant is subjected to microscopic test by using an SEM test instrument, wherein the dispersion is poor if the particle agglomeration phenomenon is observed, and the dispersion is good if the particle agglomeration phenomenon is not occurred.
TABLE 2 test results of novel EVA modified pour point depressant
Sample numbering
|
Freezing point/. degree.C
|
Reduction in amplitude/deg.C
|
Viscosity mPa.s
|
Dispersibility
|
1
|
18
|
15
|
120
|
Good taste
|
2
|
16
|
17
|
72
|
Good taste
|
3
|
10
|
23
|
50
|
Good taste
|
4
|
14
|
19
|
67
|
Good taste
|
5
|
15
|
18
|
69
|
Good taste
|
Comparative example 1
|
23
|
10
|
253
|
Good taste
|
Comparative example 2
|
25
|
8
|
260
|
Good taste
|
Comparative example 3
|
21
|
12
|
170
|
Difference (D)
|
Comparative example 4
|
22
|
11
|
340
|
Good taste
|
Comparative example 5
|
23
|
10
|
150
|
Difference (D)
|
Comparative example 6
|
25
|
8
|
268
|
Good taste
|
Comparative example 7
|
28
|
5
|
380
|
Difference (D)
|
Comparative example 8
|
26
|
7
|
370
|
Difference (D)
|
Comparative example 9
|
28
|
5
|
380
|
Difference (D)
|
Comparative example 10
|
29
|
4
|
370
|
Difference (D)
|
Comparative example 11
|
29
|
4
|
670
|
—
|
Comparative example 12
|
32
|
1
|
860
|
—
|
Comparative example 13
|
30
|
3
|
620
|
Difference (D)
|
Comparative example 14
|
28
|
5
|
510
|
Difference (D)
|
Comparative example 15
|
24
|
9
|
360
|
Difference (D)
|
Comparison ofExample 16
|
25
|
8
|
420
|
Difference (D)
|
Comparative example 17
|
27
|
6
|
380
|
Difference (D) |
According to the experimental data in the table 2, the novel EVA modified pour point depressant obtained by the method can greatly reduce the condensation point of the crude oil through compounding the first polymer and the second polymer, and the reduction range of the condensation point of the crude oil can reach more than 20 ℃.
From the data of comparative examples 1 and 2, it is understood that the VA content of the first polymer also has a great influence on the pour point depressing effect of the pour point depressant, and when the VA content is low, EVA is easily crystallized at a temperature higher than the wax precipitation temperature, cannot sufficiently act with wax crystal molecules, and the pour point depressing effect is poor. However, when the VA content is too high, EVA molecules are easily distorted in crude oil, so that the effect of the EVA molecules on wax crystal molecules is weakened, and the pour point depressing effect is also deteriorated.
The data of comparative examples 3 to 6 and comparative examples 9 and 10 show that the molecular weight of the pour point depressant and the compounding ratio of the first polymer and the second polymer have certain influence on the pour point depressing effect, and the compatibility of the first polymer and the second polymer and the pour point depressing effect are influenced by the over-low molecular weight or the over-high molecular weight.
The data of comparative examples 7 and 8 show that the particle size of the second polymer also affects the compatibility of the first polymer and the second polymer, and further affects the pour point depressing effect; in addition, the dispersibility of the second polymer in the first polymer is also affected.
From the data of comparative examples 11 and 12, it is understood that the pour point depressant has either only the first polymer or only the second polymer, and the pour point depressant has a better pour point depressing effect when the first polymer and the second polymer are compounded.
From the data of comparative examples 12 to 17, it can be seen that the preparation process of the pour point depressant has a great influence on the pour point depressing effect of the prepared pour point depressant and the dispersibility of the second polymer in the first polymer, and the pour point depressant prepared by the preparation method of the present application has a better pour point depressing effect.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.