CN112608085A - Concrete using industrial solid waste and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Concrete using industrial solid waste and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112608085A CN112608085A CN202011501383.2A CN202011501383A CN112608085A CN 112608085 A CN112608085 A CN 112608085A CN 202011501383 A CN202011501383 A CN 202011501383A CN 112608085 A CN112608085 A CN 112608085A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/023—Chemical treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
- C04B20/1055—Coating or impregnating with inorganic materials
- C04B20/1077—Cements, e.g. waterglass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the field of concrete, and particularly discloses concrete utilizing industrial solid waste and a preparation method thereof, wherein the concrete utilizing the industrial solid waste is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 260 portions and 270 portions of cement; 45-55 parts of fly ash; 35-45 parts of mineral powder; 720 parts of fine sand 710; 990 and 1000 parts of gravels; 10-12 parts of a water reducing agent; 140 portions of water and 160 portions of water; 100 portions and 150 portions of modified waste polyurethane particles; the modified waste polyurethane particles are obtained by coating modified slurry on the surfaces of the waste polyurethane particles and curing, wherein the modified slurry is prepared from cement, a cement accelerator, plant fibers and water. This application has the advantage that improves the thermal insulation performance and the compressive strength of concrete.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of concrete, in particular to concrete utilizing industrial solid waste and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Concrete, concrete for short, is a generic term for engineering composite materials in which aggregates are cemented into a whole by cementitious materials. The concrete is cement concrete, also called common concrete, which is prepared by mixing cement as cementing material, sand and stone as aggregate and water (optionally containing additive and admixture) in a certain proportion and stirring.
In the related technology, the rubber particles are added into the common concrete, so that the heat conductivity coefficient of the concrete can be reduced, the heat insulation performance of the concrete is improved, and the compressive strength of the concrete can be reduced.
Aiming at the related technologies, the rubber particles have low density, and are easy to float upwards to cause uneven distribution when being directly added into concrete, the heat preservation performance can be reduced, the compressive strength can be greatly reduced, and the inventor thinks that the heat conductivity coefficient and the compressive strength of the concrete need to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the heat insulation performance and the compressive strength of concrete, the application provides the concrete utilizing industrial solid waste and a preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a concrete using industrial solid waste, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the concrete utilizing the industrial solid waste is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
260 portions and 270 portions of cement;
45-55 parts of fly ash;
35-45 parts of mineral powder;
720 parts of fine sand 710;
990 and 1000 parts of gravels;
10-12 parts of a water reducing agent;
140 portions of water and 160 portions of water;
100 portions and 150 portions of modified waste polyurethane particles;
the modified waste polyurethane particles are obtained by coating modified slurry on the surfaces of the waste polyurethane particles and curing, wherein the modified slurry is prepared from cement, a cement accelerator, plant fibers and water.
By adopting the technical scheme, the modified slurry is adopted to coat the waste polyurethane particles, so that the defect that the waste polyurethane particles float upwards can be overcome, the waste polyurethane particles are more uniformly distributed in the concrete, and the heat insulation performance of the concrete is improved; meanwhile, the modified slurry improves the interface compatibility of the waste polyurethane particles and the concrete, reduces the possibility of force separation of the waste polyurethane particles and the concrete, and improves the compressive strength of the concrete.
Optionally, the preparation method of the modified waste polyurethane particles comprises the following steps: adding 50-60 parts of cement, 2-3 parts of cement accelerator and 10-15 parts of plant fiber into 20-30 parts of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain modified slurry; adding 100 parts of waste polyurethane particles into the modified slurry, stirring uniformly, fishing out the waste polyurethane particles, spreading the waste polyurethane particles on a smooth ground, separating the waste polyurethane particles, drying, collecting the waste polyurethane particles, screening, removing fallen cement powder, maintaining in a maintenance room for 20-24h, then maintaining in tap water for 40-48h, taking out the waste polyurethane particles, and drying to obtain the modified waste polyurethane particles.
By adopting the technical scheme, the plant fiber can form a three-dimensional network structure in the cement paste, the integrity of the coated waste polyurethane particles is improved, and the possibility of separation of the waste polyurethane particles from the cement paste is reduced.
Optionally, the particle size of the waste polyurethane particles is 8-10 mm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the particle size of the waste polyurethane particles is controlled, so that the waste polyurethane particles are coated by the modified slurry conveniently, and the possibility of adhesion of the modified waste polyurethane particles is reduced.
Optionally, the thickness of the modified slurry after curing is 1.5-2 mm.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the thickness of the solidified modified slurry is too thin, the heat insulation performance and the compressive strength of the concrete can be reduced; when the thickness of the modified slurry after curing is too thick, the heat insulation performance of the concrete is basically unchanged, and the compressive strength is slightly improved, so that the thickness of the modified slurry after curing is preferably 1.5-2 mm.
Optionally, the waste polyurethane particles are pretreated before being added to the modified slurry: soaking the waste polyurethane particles in toluene for 1-2h, keeping the temperature at 50-60 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic treatment while soaking, fishing out the waste polyurethane particles, leaching with ethanol, adding the waste polyurethane particles into the ethanol for soaking, adding a silane coupling agent with the mass fraction of 2-3% of the waste polyurethane particles into the ethanol, reacting for 15-30min, taking out the waste polyurethane particles, and drying to obtain the pretreated waste polyurethane particles.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, zinc stearate can often be added to polyurethane material at production, and zinc stearate can reduce the cohesion of abandonment polyurethane granule and grout, and this application soaks abandonment polyurethane granule in the toluene, can make zinc stearate dissolve in the toluene, and ultrasonic treatment can promote during zinc stearate gets into the toluene, and silane coupling agent can improve its and cement interface's adhesive property to reduce the possibility of abandonment polyurethane granule and grout separation.
Optionally, the plant fiber is modified splendid achnatherum fiber, and the modified splendid achnatherum fiber is prepared by sequentially carrying out alkali modification and organic acid modification on splendid achnatherum fiber.
By adopting the technical scheme, after the splendid achnatherum herb is subjected to alkali modification and organic acid modification, the compatibility of splendid achnatherum herb fibers and cement can be improved, and the possibility of peeling of modified waste polyurethane particles can be reduced.
Optionally, the preparation method of the modified splendid achnatherum fiber comprises the following steps: taking 10 parts of splendid achnatherum, washing with water, drying and crushing to obtain splendid achnatherum fiber; mixing splendid achnatherum fiber, 1-1.2 parts of sodium hydroxide and 75-85 parts of water uniformly, reacting at 70-80 ℃ for 20-25min, filtering, leaching with water, and drying to obtain pretreated fiber; uniformly mixing the pretreated fiber, 2-2.5 parts of acetic acid, 0.2-0.4 part of boric acid and 95-100 parts of water, heating to 85-95 ℃, reacting for 10-15min, filtering, washing with water, and drying to obtain the modified splendid achnatherum fiber.
By adopting the technical scheme, the sodium hydroxide can remove impurities on the surface of the splendid achnatherum fiber, and the boric acid is used as a catalyst to promote the esterification reaction of acetic acid and the splendid achnatherum fiber, so that the compatibility of the splendid achnatherum fiber and cement paste is improved, and the splendid achnatherum fiber is uniformly distributed in the cement paste.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing concrete using industrial solid waste, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of concrete by using industrial solid waste comprises the following steps: mixing cement, fly ash, mineral powder, fine sand, broken stone, a water reducing agent, water and modified waste polyurethane particles, and uniformly stirring.
By adopting the technical scheme, the heat insulation performance and the compressive strength of the concrete are improved by adding the modified waste polyurethane particles.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. the waste polyurethane particles are coated by the modified slurry, so that the defect that the waste polyurethane particles float upwards can be overcome, the waste polyurethane particles are more uniformly distributed in the concrete, and the heat insulation performance of the concrete is improved; meanwhile, the modified slurry improves the interface compatibility of the waste polyurethane particles and the concrete, reduces the possibility of force separation of the waste polyurethane particles and the concrete, and improves the compressive strength of the concrete.
2. In this application with abandonment polyurethane granule soak in the toluene, can make zinc stearate dissolve in the toluene, ultrasonic treatment can promote zinc stearate to get into the toluene in, the silane coupling agent can improve its and cement interface's adhesive property to reduce the possibility of abandonment polyurethane granule and grout separation.
3. The splendid achnatherum grass fiber is modified by the application, the sodium hydroxide can remove the impurity on splendid achnatherum grass fiber surface, and the boric acid is used as a catalyst, promotes the acetic acid and takes place esterification reaction with splendid achnatherum splendid achherum grass fiber to improve the compatibility of splendid achherum splendid achnatherum grass fiber and grout, make splendid achherum grass fiber distribute evenly in the grout.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Preparation example of modified waste polyurethane particles
Preparation example 1
The preparation method of the modified waste polyurethane particles comprises the following steps: adding 50kg of cement, 2kg of 782 type cement accelerator and 10kg of bamboo fiber into 20kg of water, and uniformly stirring, wherein the length of the bamboo fiber is 4mm, and the diameter of the bamboo fiber is 10 microns to obtain modified slurry; adding 100kg of waste polyurethane particles into the modified slurry, wherein the particle size of the waste polyurethane particles is 8mm, the waste polyurethane particles are prepared by crushing waste polyurethane products, the polyurethane products adopted in the embodiment are polyurethane soles, after the waste polyurethane particles are uniformly stirred, the waste polyurethane particles are fished out and are flatly laid on the smooth ground, so that the waste polyurethane particles are separated, after the waste polyurethane particles are dried, the waste polyurethane particles are collected and screened, the falling cement powder is removed, the waste polyurethane particles are placed into tap water for curing for 48 hours after being cured for 20 hours in a curing room, the waste polyurethane particles are taken out and dried, and the modified waste polyurethane particles are obtained. The thickness of the modified slurry after curing was 1.5 mm.
Preparation example 2
The preparation method of the modified waste polyurethane particles comprises the following steps: adding 55kg of cement, 2.5kg of cement accelerator and 12kg of splendid achnatherum fiber into 25kg of water, and uniformly stirring, wherein the length of the splendid achnatherum fiber is 4mm, and the diameter of the splendid achnatherum fiber is 10 mu m, so as to obtain modified slurry; adding 100kg of waste polyurethane particles into the modified slurry, wherein the particle size of the waste polyurethane particles is 9mm, the waste polyurethane particles are prepared by crushing waste polyurethane products, the polyurethane products adopted in the embodiment are polyurethane soles, after the waste polyurethane particles are uniformly stirred, the waste polyurethane particles are fished out and are flatly laid on the smooth ground, so that the waste polyurethane particles are separated, after drying, the waste polyurethane particles are collected and screened, the falling cement powder is removed, the waste polyurethane particles are placed into tap water for curing for 44 hours after being cured for 22 hours in a curing room, the waste polyurethane particles are taken out and dried, and the modified waste polyurethane particles are obtained. The thickness of the modified slurry after curing was 1.8 mm.
Preparation example 3
The preparation method of the modified waste polyurethane particles comprises the following steps: adding 60kg of cement, 3kg of cement accelerator and 15kg of splendid achnatherum fiber into 30kg of water, and uniformly stirring, wherein the length of the splendid achnatherum fiber is 3mm, and the diameter of the splendid achnatherum fiber is 15 mu m, so as to obtain modified slurry; adding 100kg of waste polyurethane particles into the modified slurry, wherein the particle size of the waste polyurethane particles is 10mm, the waste polyurethane particles are prepared by crushing waste polyurethane products, the polyurethane products adopted in the embodiment are polyurethane soles, after the waste polyurethane particles are uniformly stirred, the waste polyurethane particles are fished out and are flatly laid on the smooth ground, so that the waste polyurethane particles are separated, after drying, the waste polyurethane particles are collected and screened, the falling cement powder is removed, the waste polyurethane particles are placed into tap water for curing for 40 hours after being cured for 24 hours in a curing room, the waste polyurethane particles are taken out and dried, and the modified waste polyurethane particles are obtained. The thickness of the modified slurry after curing was 2 mm.
Preparation example 4
The preparation method of the modified waste polyurethane particles is different from that of the preparation example 1 in that bamboo fibers are replaced by splendid achnatherum fibers with equal weight.
Preparation example 5
The preparation method of the modified waste polyurethane particles is different from that of the preparation example 4 in that splendid achnatherum fiber is replaced by the splendid achnatherum fiber with the same weight, and the preparation method of the modified splendid achnatherum fiber is as follows: taking 10kg splendid achnatherum, washing with water, drying and crushing to obtain splendid achnatherum fiber; mixing splendid achnatherum fiber, 1kg sodium hydroxide and 75kg water uniformly, reacting at 70 ℃ for 25min, filtering, leaching with water, and drying to obtain pretreated fiber; uniformly mixing the pretreated fiber, 2kg of acetic acid, 0.2kg of boric acid and 95kg of water, heating to 85 ℃, reacting for 15min, filtering, washing with water, and drying to obtain the modified splendid achnatherum fiber.
Preparation example 6
The modified waste polyurethane particles were prepared in a manner different from that of preparation example 1 in that the modified slurry had a thickness of 1mm after curing.
Preparation example 7
The modified waste polyurethane particles were prepared in a manner different from that of preparation example 1 in that the modified slurry had a thickness of 3mm after curing.
Preparation example 8
Modified waste polyurethane particles, the preparation method of which is different from that of preparation example 4, in that the waste polyurethane particles are pretreated before being added to the modified slurry: soaking the waste polyurethane particles in toluene for 1h, keeping the temperature at 50 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic treatment while soaking, fishing out the waste polyurethane particles, leaching the waste polyurethane particles with ethanol, adding the waste polyurethane particles into the ethanol for soaking, adding a silane coupling agent with the mass fraction of 2% of the waste polyurethane particles into the ethanol, reacting for 15min, taking out the waste polyurethane particles, and drying to obtain the pretreated waste polyurethane particles.
Preparation example 9
Modified waste polyurethane particles, the preparation method of which is different from that of preparation example 4, in that the waste polyurethane particles are pretreated before being added to the modified slurry: soaking the waste polyurethane particles in toluene for 2 hours, keeping the temperature at 60 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic treatment while soaking, fishing out the waste polyurethane particles, leaching the waste polyurethane particles with ethanol, adding the waste polyurethane particles into the ethanol for soaking, adding a silane coupling agent with the mass fraction of 3% of the waste polyurethane particles into the ethanol, reacting for 30min, taking out the waste polyurethane particles, and drying to obtain the pretreated waste polyurethane particles.
Preparation example 10
Modified waste polyurethane particles, the preparation method of which is different from that of preparation example 4, in that the waste polyurethane particles are pretreated before being added to the modified slurry: adding the waste polyurethane particles into ethanol for soaking, adding a silane coupling agent with the mass fraction of 2% of the waste polyurethane particles into the ethanol, reacting for 15min, taking out the waste polyurethane particles, and drying to obtain the pretreated waste polyurethane particles.
Preparation example 11
Modified waste polyurethane particles, the preparation method of which is different from that of preparation example 4, in that the waste polyurethane particles are pretreated before being added to the modified slurry: soaking the waste polyurethane particles in toluene for 1h, keeping the temperature at 50 ℃, fishing out the waste polyurethane particles, leaching the waste polyurethane particles with ethanol, adding the waste polyurethane particles into the ethanol for soaking, adding a silane coupling agent with the mass fraction of 2% of the waste polyurethane particles into the ethanol, reacting for 15min, taking out the waste polyurethane particles, and drying to obtain the pretreated waste polyurethane particles.
Preparation example 12
Modified waste polyurethane particles, the preparation method of which is different from that of preparation example 4, in that the waste polyurethane particles are pretreated before being added to the modified slurry: and soaking the waste polyurethane particles in toluene for 1h, keeping the temperature at 50 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic treatment while soaking, fishing out the waste polyurethane particles, leaching with ethanol, and drying to obtain the pretreated waste polyurethane particles.
Preparation example 13
The preparation method of the modified waste polyurethane particles is different from the preparation example 5 in that the preparation method of the modified splendid achnatherum fiber is as follows: taking 10kg splendid achnatherum, washing with water, drying and crushing to obtain splendid achnatherum fiber; mixing splendid achnatherum fiber, 1.2 sodium hydroxide and 85kg water uniformly, reacting at 80 ℃ for 20min, filtering, leaching with water, and drying to obtain pretreated fiber; uniformly mixing the pretreated fiber, 2.5kg of acetic acid, 0.4kg of boric acid and 100kg of water, heating to 95 ℃, reacting for 10min, filtering, washing with water, and drying to obtain the modified splendid achnatherum fiber.
Preparation example 14
The preparation method of the modified waste polyurethane particles is different from the preparation example 5 in that the preparation method of the modified splendid achnatherum fiber is as follows: taking 10kg splendid achnatherum, washing with water, drying and crushing to obtain splendid achnatherum fiber; mixing splendid achnatherum fiber, 1kg sodium hydroxide and 75kg water, reacting at 70 deg.C for 25min, filtering, leaching with water, and drying to obtain splendid achnatherum fiber.
Preparation example 15
The preparation method of the modified waste polyurethane particles is different from the preparation example 5 in that the preparation method of the modified splendid achnatherum fiber is as follows: taking 10kg splendid achnatherum, washing with water, drying and crushing to obtain splendid achnatherum fiber; mixing splendid achnatherum fiber, 2kg acetic acid, 0.2kg boric acid and 95kg water uniformly, heating to 85 deg.C, reacting for 15min, filtering, washing with water, and drying to obtain modified splendid achnatherum fiber.
Comparative preparation example 1
The preparation method of the modified waste polyurethane particles is different from that of preparation example 1 in that the weight of the bamboo fibers is 5 kg.
Comparative preparation example 2
The preparation method of the modified waste polyurethane particles is different from that of preparation example 1 in that the weight of the bamboo fibers is 20 kg.
Examples
Example 1
The concrete utilizing the industrial solid waste is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
265kg of cement;
50kg of fly ash;
40kg of mineral powder;
715kg of fine sand;
995kg of broken stones;
11kg of water reducing agent, wherein the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent purchased from the business of the Rongtai chemical products in the Jinshui district of Zhengzhou city;
150kg of water;
120 parts of modified waste polyurethane particles;
modified waste polyurethane particles were obtained from preparation example 1.
The preparation method of the concrete comprises the following steps: mixing cement, fly ash, mineral powder, fine sand, broken stone, a water reducing agent, water and modified waste polyurethane particles, and stirring for 45 s.
Examples 2 to 15
A concrete using industrial solid waste, which is different from example 1 in that modified waste polyurethane particles were prepared according to preparation examples 2 to 15, respectively.
Example 16
A concrete using industrial solid waste, which is different from example 1 in that the concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
260kg of cement;
55kg of fly ash;
35kg of mineral powder;
710kg of fine sand;
1000kg of crushed stone;
10kg of water reducing agent, wherein the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent purchased from the business of the Rongtai chemical products in the Jinshui district of Zhengzhou city;
140kg of water;
100 parts of modified waste polyurethane particles;
modified waste polyurethane particles were obtained from preparation example 1.
Example 17
A concrete using industrial solid waste, which is different from example 1 in that the concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
270kg of cement;
45kg of fly ash;
45kg of mineral powder;
720kg of fine sand;
990kg of broken stones;
12kg of water reducing agent, wherein the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent purchased from the business of the Rongtai chemical products in the Jinshui district of Zhengzhou city;
160kg of water;
150 parts of modified waste polyurethane particles;
modified waste polyurethane particles were obtained from preparation example 1.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
A concrete using industrial solid waste, which is different from example 1 in that modified waste polyurethane particles were prepared from comparative preparation example 1.
Comparative example 2
A concrete using industrial solid waste, which is different from example 1 in that modified waste polyurethane particles were prepared from comparative preparation example 2.
Comparative example 3
A concrete using industrial solid waste, which is different from example 1 in that modified waste polyurethane particles are replaced with ordinary waste polyurethane particles of equal weight.
Comparative example 4
A concrete, which is different from example 1 in that modified waste polyurethane particles were replaced with equal-weight crushed stone.
Performance test
Test method
(1) The concrete of examples 1 to 17 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were tested for thermal conductivity according to the test method of GB/T10294 and the test results were recorded.
(2) The concrete of examples 1 to 17 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were tested for compressive strength according to the test method of GB/T29062-2012 and the test results were recorded.
TABLE 1 results of thermal conductivity and compressive strength tests of examples 1-17 and comparative examples 1-4
It can be seen from the combination of examples 1 to 17 and comparative examples 1 to 4 and table 1 that, in comparative example 3, on the basis of comparative example 4, when the crushed stone is replaced by the common waste polyurethane particles, the thermal conductivity coefficient is reduced from 1.25 to 1.05W/(m · k), and the compressive strength is reduced from 35.6MPa to 25.2MPa, which shows that the common waste polyurethane particles can reduce the thermal conductivity coefficient of the concrete, improve the heat preservation performance, and greatly reduce the compressive strength of the concrete.
Example 1, after the waste polyurethane particles are modified, the thermal conductivity is reduced from 1.25 to 0.5W/(m · k), and the compressive strength is reduced from 35.6MPa to 28MPa, which indicates that the waste polyurethane particles can further reduce the thermal conductivity of concrete after being modified, improve the thermal insulation performance, and reduce the reduction range of the compressive strength of concrete, and the reason may be that the modified slurry wraps the waste polyurethane particles, so that the density of the waste polyurethane particles is increased, and the defect of floating of the waste polyurethane particles can be overcome during sample preparation, so as to improve the thermal insulation performance; meanwhile, the modified slurry improves the interface compatibility of the waste polyurethane particles and concrete, and improves the compressive strength.
Example 4 compared with example 1, after the bamboo fiber is replaced by the splendid achnatherum herb fiber, the heat conductivity coefficient is reduced from 0.5W/(m.k) to 0.45W/(m.k), and the compressive strength is improved from 28MPa to 28.5MPa, which indicates that the splendid achnatherum herb fiber is better in the aspects of heat preservation performance and improvement of the compressive strength compared with the bamboo fiber; example 5 the thermal conductivity of splendid achnatherum fiber was reduced from 0.45W/(m.k) to 0.35W/(m.k) and the compressive strength was increased from 28.5MPa to 30.1MPa after modification of splendid achnatherum fiber based on example 4, which indicates that the thermal insulation and compressive strength of concrete could be improved after modification of splendid achnatherum fiber with alkali and organic acid, probably because the compatibility of splendid achnatherum fiber after modification with cement could be improved and the possibility of peeling of modified waste polyurethane particles could be reduced.
When the thickness of the modified slurry of example 6 after curing is 1mm, the thermal conductivity is increased from 0.5W/(m.k) to 0.61W/(m.k), and the compressive strength is decreased from 28MPa to 26.5MPa, which shows that when the thickness of the modified slurry after curing is too thin, the thermal insulation performance and compressive strength of the concrete are decreased; the thermal conductivity of the modified slurry of example 7 was substantially unchanged and the compressive strength was increased from 28MPa to 28.2MPa when the cured thickness was 3mm, indicating that the thermal insulation performance of concrete was substantially unchanged and the compressive strength was slightly increased when the cured thickness of the modified slurry was too large, and therefore, the cured thickness of the modified slurry was preferably 1.5 to 2 mm.
Example 10 has improved heat insulating properties and compressive strength after the coupling agent modification treatment of the waste polyurethane particles, example 11 has improved heat insulating properties and compressive strength after the soaking and coupling agent modification treatment of the waste polyurethane particles, and example 12 has improved heat insulating properties and compressive strength after the soaking and ultrasonic modification treatment of the waste polyurethane particles, compared to example 4. Example 8 compared with example 4, after the waste polyurethane particles are subjected to soaking, ultrasonic treatment and coupling agent modification treatment, the thermal conductivity is reduced from 0.45W/(m.k) to 0.31W/(m.k), and the compressive strength is increased from 28.5MPa to 30.5MPa, which shows that the thermal insulation performance and the compressive strength of concrete can be improved after the waste polyurethane particles are modified; the increment of the heat preservation performance and the increment of the compressive strength of the concrete in the example 10 are larger than those in the examples 10-12, which shows that the soaking, the ultrasonic treatment and the coupling agent modification treatment can be jointly synergistic, and the heat preservation performance and the compressive strength of the concrete are improved, probably because the compatibility of the modified waste polyurethane particles and the cement is improved, and the possibility of peeling of the modified waste polyurethane particles can be reduced.
Compared with the example 4, the heat preservation performance and the compressive strength of the splendid achnatherum herb fiber are improved after the splendid achnatherum herb fiber is subjected to alkali modification treatment, the heat preservation performance and the compressive strength of the splendid achnatherum herb fiber are improved after the splendid achnatherum herb fiber is subjected to acid modification, however, the increment of the heat preservation performance and the compressive strength of the splendid achherum herb fiber is larger than that of the splendid achherum herb fiber in the examples 14 and 15 after the splendid achherum herb fiber is subjected to alkali modification and acid modification, the effect can be increased together, the heat preservation performance and the compressive strength of the concrete are further improved, and the reason is probably that impurities on the surface of the splendid achherum herb fiber are removed through the alkali modification treatment, the compatibility of the splendid achherum herb fiber and cement paste is improved, and the compatibility of the splendid achherum herb fiber and the cement paste can be further improved through the acid modification treatment.
Comparative example 1 only adds 5kg of bamboo fibre on the basis of example 1, and the thermal insulation performance and compressive strength of concrete slightly decline, shows that the thermal insulation performance and compressive strength of concrete can reduce when the fibrous addition volume is too little, and comparative example 2 adds 20kg of bamboo fibre on the basis of example 1, and the thermal insulation performance and compressive strength of concrete slightly rise, shows that too much fibrous addition volume slightly promotes the thermal insulation performance and compressive strength of concrete, but can lead to the cost to rise. Therefore, the amount of the plant fiber added is preferably 10 to 15 kg.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The concrete utilizing the industrial solid waste is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
260 portions and 270 portions of cement;
45-55 parts of fly ash;
35-45 parts of mineral powder;
720 parts of fine sand 710;
990 and 1000 parts of gravels;
10-12 parts of a water reducing agent;
140 portions of water and 160 portions of water;
100 portions and 150 portions of modified waste polyurethane particles;
the modified waste polyurethane particles are obtained by coating modified slurry on the surfaces of the waste polyurethane particles and curing, wherein the modified slurry is prepared from cement, a cement accelerator, plant fibers and water.
2. The concrete using industrial solid waste according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the modified waste polyurethane particles comprises the following steps: adding 50-60 parts of cement, 2-3 parts of cement accelerator and 10-15 parts of plant fiber into 20-30 parts of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain modified slurry; adding 100 parts of waste polyurethane particles into the modified slurry, stirring uniformly, fishing out the waste polyurethane particles, spreading the waste polyurethane particles on a smooth ground, separating the waste polyurethane particles, drying, collecting the waste polyurethane particles, screening, removing fallen cement powder, maintaining in a maintenance room for 20-24h, then maintaining in tap water for 40-48h, taking out the waste polyurethane particles, and drying to obtain the modified waste polyurethane particles.
3. The concrete using industrial solid waste according to claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the waste polyurethane particles is 8-10 mm.
4. The concrete using industrial solid waste according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the modified slurry after curing is 1.5-2 mm.
5. The concrete using industrial solid waste according to claim 2, wherein: the waste polyurethane particles are pretreated before being added into the modified slurry: soaking the waste polyurethane particles in toluene for 1-2h, keeping the temperature at 50-60 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic treatment while soaking, fishing out the waste polyurethane particles, leaching with ethanol, adding the waste polyurethane particles into the ethanol for soaking, adding a silane coupling agent with the mass fraction of 2-3% of the waste polyurethane particles into the ethanol, reacting for 15-30min, taking out the waste polyurethane particles, and drying to obtain the pretreated waste polyurethane particles.
6. The concrete using industrial solid waste according to claim 1, wherein: the plant fiber is modified splendid achnatherum fiber, which is prepared by alkali modification and organic acid modification in sequence.
7. The concrete using industrial solid waste according to claim 6, wherein: the preparation method of the modified splendid achnatherum fiber comprises the following steps: taking 10 parts of splendid achnatherum, washing with water, drying and crushing to obtain splendid achnatherum fiber; mixing splendid achnatherum fiber, 1-1.2 parts of sodium hydroxide and 75-85 parts of water uniformly, reacting at 70-80 ℃ for 20-25min, filtering, leaching with water, and drying to obtain pretreated fiber; uniformly mixing the pretreated fiber, 2-2.5 parts of acetic acid, 0.2-0.4 part of boric acid and 95-100 parts of water, heating to 85-95 ℃, reacting for 10-15min, filtering, washing with water, and drying to obtain the modified splendid achnatherum fiber.
8. The method for preparing concrete using industrial solid waste according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the method comprises the following steps: mixing cement, fly ash, mineral powder, fine sand, broken stone, a water reducing agent, water and modified waste polyurethane particles, and uniformly stirring.
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