CN112606502A - Scratch-resistant polycarbonate solid plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Scratch-resistant polycarbonate solid plate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112606502A CN112606502A CN202011540217.3A CN202011540217A CN112606502A CN 112606502 A CN112606502 A CN 112606502A CN 202011540217 A CN202011540217 A CN 202011540217A CN 112606502 A CN112606502 A CN 112606502A
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- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000003678 scratch resistant effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 32
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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Images
Classifications
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- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
- B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
- B32B27/365—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters comprising polycarbonates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
- B32B37/15—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state
- B32B37/153—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state at least one layer is extruded and immediately laminated while in semi-molten state
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- B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
- B32B37/24—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
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- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
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Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a scratch-resistant polycarbonate solid plate and a preparation method thereof, wherein the scratch-resistant polycarbonate solid plate is of a multilayer composite structure consisting of a surface layer A of polyurethane, a 2 nd layer B of UV coating and a 3 rd layer C of polycarbonate layer, and the scratch-resistant polycarbonate solid plate is of an ABC structure, an ABCBA structure or an ABCB structure; the thickness of the polyurethane layer A is 10-2000 mu m, the thickness of the UV coating layer B is 30-500 mu m, and the thickness of the polycarbonate layer C is 1.5-40 mm. According to the invention, through a co-extrusion process of a plurality of single screw extruders and an in-mold co-extrusion compounding mode, a polyurethane melt is uniformly coated on the surface of polycarbonate, and after cooling and shaping, the polyurethane/polycarbonate multilayer composite plate with high scratch resistance is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of polycarbonate solid plates, and particularly relates to a scratch-resistant polycarbonate solid plate with a polyurethane coating on a surface layer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Transparent polycarbonates are widely used in the fields of construction, transportation, industry, etc., a large part of which is in the form of transparent sheets. However, the scratch resistance of polycarbonate is very poor and does not meet the scratch resistance requirement. In order to solve the problem, the main technology at present is to spray a hardening coating on the surface of the polycarbonate sheet, and the coating initiates a crosslinking reaction through UV or heat to form a scratch-resistant coating, so that the scratch resistance of the polycarbonate sheet is improved. Common coatings in the prior art comprise acrylic acid system coatings or organic silicon system coatings, and hardened polycarbonate solid plates obtained after the hardened coatings are sprayed and coated are high in transparency and definition, strong in coating adhesive force and excellent in scratch resistance.
However, the hardened coating in the prior art belongs to cross-linked structural resin, the elongation is very low and is generally lower than 20%, and the free bending of the plate is limited due to the high modulus of the hardened coating, so that the hardened solid plate cannot be subjected to secondary processing such as cold bending and hot bending and can only be applied in a flat plate form, once a certain bending deflection exists, the hardened coating is easy to crack, the plate is failed, and the application range is greatly limited. A second significant disadvantage is that the impact properties of the polycarbonate are greatly reduced during the flow coating of the hardening liquid. The third disadvantage is that the curing process generates a large amount of polluting chemicals and that both UV and thermal curing require a large amount of energy consumption. The fourth disadvantage, the existing mature case hardening process, is not suitable for oversized building board products.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a scratch-resistant polycarbonate solid plate and a preparation method thereof, aiming at overcoming the defects in the prior art.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the invention discloses a scratch-resistant polycarbonate solid plate which is a multilayer composite structure consisting of a surface layer A of polyurethane, a layer 2 of a layer B of UV coating and a layer 3 of a layer C of polycarbonate, wherein the scratch-resistant polycarbonate solid plate is of an ABC structure, an ABCBA structure or an ABCB structure; the thickness of the polyurethane layer A is 10-2000 mu m, the thickness of the UV coating layer B is 30-500 mu m, and the thickness of the polycarbonate layer C is 1.5-40 mm.
Preferably, the thickness of the polyurethane layer A is 30-1000 μm, the thickness of the UV coating layer B is 50-250 μm, and the thickness of the polycarbonate layer C is 3-28 mm.
Most preferably, the thickness of the polyurethane layer A is 50-500 μm, the thickness of the UV coating layer B is 50-150 μm, and the thickness of the polycarbonate layer C is 3-20 mm.
The polyurethane of the layer A is a polyurethane elastomer with the processing temperature of more than 220 ℃, the polyurethane elastomer is a polyether polyurethane elastomer, and the polyurethane raw material adopts Hensman, Basf, Lubriu or Wanhua chemical wear-resistant grade polyurethane brand.
The UV coating of the layer B is prepared by taking polycarbonate as a base material, adding an ultraviolet absorbent and a heat stabilizer, synthesizing the polycarbonate by adopting a phosgenation or ester exchange method, and enabling the weight-average molecular weight of the polycarbonate to be 10000-100000.
Preferably, the weight average molecular weight of the polycarbonate in the UV coating of the layer B is 15000-65000, the ultraviolet absorbent is selected from one or more of salicylates, benzophenones, benzotriazoles, substituted acrylonitriles and triazines, and the heat stabilizer is selected from common 1010 or 168.
Most preferably, the weight average molecular weight of the polycarbonate in the B layer UV coating is 20000-50000.
The layer C is formed by synthesizing a polycarbonate material in the polycarbonate layer by adopting a phosgenation or ester exchange method, and the weight average molecular weight of the polycarbonate material is 10000-100000.
Preferably, the weight average molecular weight of the polycarbonate material of the C layer is 15000-65000, and most preferably, the weight average molecular weight of the polycarbonate material is 20000-50000.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the scratch-resistant polycarbonate solid plate, which comprises the following steps:
a. respectively melting and plasticizing the TPU, the UV coating and the polycarbonate by adopting three single-screw extruders, wherein the front ends of the three extruders are connected with a melt metering pump, and the front ends of the three extruders are connected with the tail end of the melt metering pump through a connecting body; the rear section of the connecting body is provided with 2 flow dividers, the 2 flow dividers divide the fusants of the TPU and the UV coating into an upper layer and a lower layer respectively, each fusant flows along two independent mold runners, the polycarbonate fusant flows along a middle main runner, and the runners are connected with five independent feed inlets of the mold;
b. in the die, 5 independent feed inlets are arranged in parallel up and down, runners in the die are all expanded into surfaces in a hanger shape, each runner is provided with an independent temperature control device to ensure the flow stability of raw materials of different runners, the fluids of the 5 runners are converged in a whole surface overlapping mode at a certain position away from the outlet of a die lip of an extruder to form 5 layers of composite layers, the composite layers are extruded from the die lip through the pressure of the melt, the flaky melt is cooled and shaped by a three-roller calender and is drawn to the next procedure, the procedures comprise annealing, film covering, marking, cutting and automatic stacking, and finally, a finished product is prepared;
c. according to the product requirement, the width of the plate is set, the length is automatically customized, and the polycarbonate plate with the surface containing the polyurethane co-extrusion layer can be directly installed and used without the limitation of cutting and cold bending.
The TPU material is referred to herein as a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, through a co-extrusion process of a plurality of single screw extruders and an in-mold co-extrusion compounding mode, a polyurethane melt is uniformly coated on the surface of polycarbonate, and after cooling and shaping, a polyurethane/polycarbonate multilayer composite plate with high scratch resistance is obtained. According to the invention, the width of the plate is set according to the product requirement, the length is automatically customized, and the polycarbonate plate with the surface containing the polyurethane co-extrusion layer can be directly installed for use without the limitation of cutting and cold bending.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a scratch resistant polycarbonate solid plate of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-polyurethane; 2-UV coating; a 3-polycarbonate layer; 4-lower UV coating; 5-polyurethane.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, the product of the present invention is a multilayer composite structure, the surface layer a is polyurethane 1, the 2 nd layer B is UV coating 2, the 3 rd layer C is polycarbonate layer 3, which may be but not limited to ABC structure, or ABCBA or ABCB structure, the scratch-resistant polycarbonate solid plate in fig. 1 is ABCBA structure, and the polyurethane 1, UV coating 2, polycarbonate layer 3, lower UV coating 4 and lower polyurethane 5 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The thickness of the A layer is generally 10 μm to 2000 μm, preferably 30 to 1000 μm, and most preferably 50 to 500 μm. The thickness of the B layer is 30-500 μm, preferably 50-250 μm, and more preferably 50-150; the thickness of the C layer is 1.5 mm-40 mm, preferably 3-28 mm, and more preferably 3-20 mm.
The polyurethane of the layer A is preferably polyurethane with a processing temperature of more than 220 ℃, more preferably polyurethane elastomer with a processing temperature of more than 220 ℃, and most preferably polyether polyurethane elastomer; the polyurethane raw material can adopt abrasion-resistant grade polyurethane brands of Hensman, Pasteur, Luborun, Vanhua chemistry and the like.
The layer B is a UV coating which takes polycarbonate as a base material, the polycarbonate material can be synthesized by a phosgenation or ester exchange method, the weight average molecular weight is 10000-100000, preferably 15000-65000, most preferably 20000-50000, an ultraviolet absorbent, a heat stabilizer and the like are added, and the ultraviolet absorbent is selected from one or more of salicylic acid esters, benzophenones, benzotriazoles, substituted acrylonitrile, triazines and the like. The heat stabilizer is selected from the common 1010 and 168.
The layer C is a polycarbonate layer, the polycarbonate material can be synthesized by phosgenation or transesterification, and the weight average molecular weight is preferably 10000-100000, more preferably 15000-65000, and most preferably 20000-50000.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the scratch-resistant polycarbonate solid plate, which comprises the following steps: a. respectively melting and plasticizing the TPU, the UV coating and the polycarbonate by adopting three single-screw extruders, wherein the front ends of the three extruders are connected with a melt metering pump, and the front ends of the three extruders are connected with the tail end of the melt metering pump through a connecting body; the rear section of the connecting body is provided with 2 flow dividers, the 2 flow dividers divide the fusants of the TPU and the UV coating into an upper layer and a lower layer respectively, each fusant flows along two independent mold runners, the polycarbonate fusant flows along a middle main runner, and the runners are connected with five independent feed inlets of the mold; b. in the die, 5 independent feed inlets are arranged in parallel up and down, runners in the die are all expanded into surfaces in a hanger shape, each runner is provided with an independent temperature control device to ensure the flow stability of raw materials of different runners, the fluids of the 5 runners are converged in a whole surface overlapping mode at a certain position away from the outlet of a die lip of an extruder to form 5 layers of composite layers, the composite layers are extruded from the die lip through the pressure of the melt, the flaky melt is cooled and shaped by a three-roller calender and is drawn to the next procedure, the procedures comprise annealing, film covering, marking, cutting and automatic stacking, and finally, a finished product is prepared; c. according to the product requirement, the width of the plate is set, the length is automatically customized, and the polycarbonate plate with the surface containing the polyurethane co-extrusion layer can be directly installed and used without the limitation of cutting and cold bending.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned contents are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and that the simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A scratch resistant polycarbonate solid panel characterized by: the scratch-resistant polycarbonate solid plate is of a multilayer composite structure consisting of a surface layer A of polyurethane, a layer 2 of a layer B of UV coating and a layer 3 of a layer C of polycarbonate, and the scratch-resistant polycarbonate solid plate is of an ABC structure, an ABCBA structure or an ABCB structure; the thickness of the polyurethane layer A is 10-2000 mu m, the thickness of the UV coating layer B is 30-500 mu m, and the thickness of the polycarbonate layer C is 1.5-40 mm.
2. The scratch resistant polycarbonate solid plate of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the polyurethane layer A is 30-1000 μm, the thickness of the UV coating layer B is 50-250 μm, and the thickness of the polycarbonate layer C is 3-28 mm.
3. The scratch resistant polycarbonate solid plate of claim 2, wherein: the thickness of the polyurethane layer A is 50-500 mu m, the thickness of the UV coating layer B is 50-150 mu m, and the thickness of the polycarbonate layer C is 3-20 mm.
4. The scratch resistant polycarbonate solid plate of claim 1, wherein: the polyurethane of the layer A is a polyurethane elastomer with the processing temperature of more than 220 ℃, the polyurethane elastomer is a polyether polyurethane elastomer, and the polyurethane raw material adopts Hensman, Basf, Lubriu or Wanhua chemical wear-resistant grade polyurethane brand.
5. The scratch resistant polycarbonate solid plate of claim 1, wherein: the UV coating of the layer B is prepared by taking polycarbonate as a base material, adding an ultraviolet absorbent and a heat stabilizer, synthesizing the polycarbonate by adopting a phosgenation or ester exchange method, and enabling the weight-average molecular weight of the polycarbonate to be 10000-100000.
6. The scratch resistant polycarbonate solid plate of claim 5, wherein: the weight average molecular weight of polycarbonate in the UV coating of the layer B is 15000-65000, the ultraviolet absorbent is selected from one or more of salicylates, benzophenones, benzotriazoles, substituted acrylonitrile and triazines for compounding, and the heat stabilizer is selected from common 1010 or 168.
7. The scratch resistant polycarbonate solid plate of claim 5, wherein: the weight average molecular weight of the polycarbonate in the UV coating of the B layer is 20000-50000.
8. The scratch resistant polycarbonate solid plate of claim 1, wherein: the layer C is formed by synthesizing a polycarbonate material in the polycarbonate layer by adopting a phosgenation or ester exchange method, and the weight average molecular weight of the polycarbonate material is 10000-100000.
9. The scratch resistant polycarbonate solid plate of claim 8, wherein: the weight average molecular weight of the polycarbonate material of the layer C is 15000-65000.
10. The method for preparing a scratch-resistant polycarbonate solid plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the preparation method of the scratch-resistant polycarbonate solid plate specifically comprises the following steps:
a. respectively melting and plasticizing the TPU, the UV coating and the polycarbonate by adopting three single-screw extruders, wherein the front ends of the three extruders are connected with a melt metering pump, and the front ends of the three extruders are connected with the tail end of the melt metering pump through a connecting body; the rear section of the connecting body is provided with 2 flow dividers, the 2 flow dividers divide the fusants of the TPU and the UV coating into an upper layer and a lower layer respectively, each fusant flows along two independent mold runners, the polycarbonate fusant flows along a middle main runner, and the runners are connected with five independent feed inlets of the mold;
b. in the die, 5 independent feed inlets are arranged in parallel up and down, runners in the die are all expanded into surfaces in a hanger shape, each runner is provided with an independent temperature control device to ensure the flow stability of raw materials of different runners, the fluids of the 5 runners are converged in a whole surface overlapping mode at a certain position away from the outlet of a die lip of an extruder to form 5 layers of composite layers, the composite layers are extruded from the die lip through the pressure of the melt, the flaky melt is cooled and shaped by a three-roller calender and is drawn to the next procedure, the procedures comprise annealing, film covering, marking, cutting and automatic stacking, and finally, a finished product is prepared;
c. the width of the sheet is set and the length is automatically customized according to product requirements.
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CN202011540217.3A CN112606502A (en) | 2020-12-23 | 2020-12-23 | Scratch-resistant polycarbonate solid plate and preparation method thereof |
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DE102004014023A1 (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2005-10-20 | Krd Coatings Gmbh | Plastic composite pane for vehicle glazing |
CN202242198U (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2012-05-30 | 品诚塑胶科技(上海)有限公司 | Sunshine plate with novel structure |
CN104723626A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-06-24 | 北京康得新功能材料有限公司 | Iron plastic composite material for household appliance and preparation method for iron plastic composite material |
CN107187115A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-09-22 | 上海泉福化工新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of ultraviolet isolating makrolon sound barrier force-bearing plate |
CN108912372A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-11-30 | 品诚塑胶科技(上海)有限公司 | A kind of polycarbonate sunshine board and preparation method thereof of the composite coating of absorbent containing nanometer ultraviolet ray |
CN111674129A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2020-09-18 | 上海品诚控股集团有限公司 | Novel spraying-free plate and preparation method thereof |
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US4169181A (en) * | 1977-11-29 | 1979-09-25 | General Electric Company | Impact resistant soft coated laminates and process for making the same |
US4668588A (en) * | 1984-03-16 | 1987-05-26 | Dainippon Plastics Co., Ltd. | Polycarbonate molded articles having excellent weather resistance and abrasion resistance and a process for the preparation thereof |
DE102004014023A1 (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2005-10-20 | Krd Coatings Gmbh | Plastic composite pane for vehicle glazing |
CN202242198U (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2012-05-30 | 品诚塑胶科技(上海)有限公司 | Sunshine plate with novel structure |
CN104723626A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-06-24 | 北京康得新功能材料有限公司 | Iron plastic composite material for household appliance and preparation method for iron plastic composite material |
CN107187115A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-09-22 | 上海泉福化工新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of ultraviolet isolating makrolon sound barrier force-bearing plate |
CN108912372A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-11-30 | 品诚塑胶科技(上海)有限公司 | A kind of polycarbonate sunshine board and preparation method thereof of the composite coating of absorbent containing nanometer ultraviolet ray |
CN111674129A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2020-09-18 | 上海品诚控股集团有限公司 | Novel spraying-free plate and preparation method thereof |
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