CN112606149A - Wood carbonization method - Google Patents
Wood carbonization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112606149A CN112606149A CN202011439158.0A CN202011439158A CN112606149A CN 112606149 A CN112606149 A CN 112606149A CN 202011439158 A CN202011439158 A CN 202011439158A CN 112606149 A CN112606149 A CN 112606149A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M1/00—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
- B27M1/06—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching by burning or charring, e.g. cutting with hot wire
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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Abstract
The scheme discloses a wood carbonization method in the technical field of wood board treatment, and particularly relates to a wood board carbonization method in an oxygen-free environment by adopting carbonization equipment, wherein the carbonization equipment comprises a carbonization box, an oil liquid conveying device, a heat conducting device, a pushing device and a steam supply device; the carbonization treatment comprises the following steps: firstly, placing a wood board between adjacent heat conducting plates; secondly, starting an oil heater to heat the oil to 110-120 ℃, and starting a high-temperature oil pump to realize the circular flow of the oil in an oil outlet pipe, an oil distribution pipe, an oil level adjusting box, an adjusting plate, an oil collecting pipe and an oil inlet pipe; heating the wood board by oil liquid at the temperature of 110-120 ℃ until the water content of the wood board is 4-5% to obtain dried wood; thirdly, starting a steam generator to ensure that steam in the carbonization box is saturated, wherein the steam temperature is 200-210 ℃; and then heating the oil to 200-210 ℃ by an oil heater, and carbonizing the dried wood for 2.5-3 h to obtain the carbonized wood. The method can realize the balanced heating of the surface of the wood board.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wood treatment, and particularly relates to a wood carbonization method.
Background
The carbonized wood is subjected to homogeneous carbonization treatment on the wood under the high-temperature condition, so that the wood has the functions of corrosion prevention and biological invasion resistance, has low water content, is not easy to absorb water, is stable in material quality, does not deform, is completely degreased and does not overflow grease, has good heat insulation performance, is simple to construct, is convenient to brush, does not have special smell, and is an ideal building material.
When the current wood board is carbonized, the surface of the wood board is heated unevenly, so that the wood board is easy to be carbonized incompletely, the carbonized wood is attacked by microorganisms in the using process, and the corrosion resistance of the carbonized wood is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wood carbonization method, which aims to solve the problem of incomplete wood carbonization caused by uneven heating on the surface of a wood board when the wood board is carbonized in the prior art.
The wood carbonization method in the scheme specifically comprises the steps of carbonizing a wood board in an oxygen-free environment by adopting carbonization equipment, wherein the carbonization equipment comprises a carbonization box, an oil liquid conveying device, a heat conducting device, a pushing device and a steam supply device; an induction type wood moisture tester is arranged in the carbonization box;
the oil liquid conveying device comprises an oil liquid heater, a high-temperature oil pump, an oil outlet pipe and an oil inlet pipe; the oil outlet pipe is communicated with the oil heater through the high-temperature oil pump and is communicated with a plurality of oil distributing pipes; the oil inlet pipe is communicated with the oil heater and is communicated with a plurality of oil collecting pipes;
the heat conduction device comprises an oil level adjusting box and a plurality of heat conduction plates with hollow interiors, and the heat conduction plates are sequentially vertically connected in the carbonization box in a sliding manner from top to bottom; the upper surface and the lower surface of the heat conducting plate are fixedly connected with two opposite sides of the heat conducting plate, and an oil inlet and an oil outlet are respectively formed in the two opposite sides of the heat conducting plate; the oil level adjusting box is internally provided with a plurality of partition plates which divide the oil level adjusting box into two parts, a gap is reserved between the top of each partition plate and the top wall of the oil level adjusting box, the oil level adjusting box is communicated with the oil distributing pipe and the heat conducting plate, the heat conducting plate and the oil distributing pipe are positioned on two sides of each partition plate, and the size of the communication position of the heat conducting plate and the oil level adjusting box is consistent with that of the oil inlet; the oil collecting pipe is communicated with an oil outlet of the heat conducting plate, and the oil collecting pipe and the oil distributing pipe are flexible pipes;
the pushing device comprises a push plate and an air cylinder arranged at the top of the carbonization box, a telescopic rod of the air cylinder is fixedly connected with the push plate, and the push plate is positioned in the carbonization box and is positioned right above the heat conducting plate;
the steam supply device comprises a steam generator and an air guide pipe communicated with the steam generator, and the other end of the air guide pipe is communicated with the carbonization tank;
the process of carbonizing the wood board by the carbonizing equipment in the oxygen-free environment comprises the following steps:
step one, placing a wood board: placing the wood board between the adjacent heat conducting plates;
step two, preparing the dried wood: starting an oil heater to heat oil to 110-120 ℃, and starting a high-temperature oil pump to realize the circular flow of the oil in an oil outlet pipe, an oil distribution pipe, an oil level adjusting box, an adjusting plate, an oil collecting pipe and an oil inlet pipe; heating the wood board by oil liquid at the temperature of 110-120 ℃ until the water content of the wood board is 4-5% to obtain dried wood;
step three, preparing carbonized wood: starting a steam generator to ensure that steam in the carbonization box is saturated, wherein the steam temperature is 200-210 ℃; and then heating the oil liquid to 200-210 ℃ by an oil liquid heater, and carbonizing the dried wood for 2.5-3 h by the oil liquid at 200-210 ℃ to obtain the carbonized wood.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the scheme are as follows: in the process of drying the wood board by the oil, the oil firstly passes through the oil level adjusting box, and the oil passing through the oil level adjusting box is blocked by the partition plate, so that the oil can only fill the space between the partition plate and the oil distributing pipe, then uniformly flows out from the gap between the partition plate and the top wall of the oil level adjusting box, and then enters the heat conducting plate from the oil level adjusting box to heat the heat conducting plate; the size of the communication position of the heat conduction plate and the oil level adjusting box is further consistent with that of the oil inlet, so that the oil entering the heat conduction plate flows evenly, and the situation that one part of the heat conduction plate is heated more and other parts are heated less is avoided; the oil liquid is evenly fed into the heat conducting plates, so that the heat conducting plates are heated evenly, and the wood plate is fixed between the two heat conducting plates, so that the upper part and the lower part of the wood plate are heated evenly. In addition, firstly heating the wood board by adopting oil liquid at the temperature of 110-120 ℃ until the water content of the wood board is 4-5% so as to enable the water in the wood board to escape uniformly; and the water content of the wood board is kept to be 4-5%, so that the surface of the wood board is quickly carbonized in the process of heating the dried wood by using oil liquid at the temperature of 200-210 ℃, the internal moisture is relatively slowly escaped, and the prepared carbonized wood is prevented from being too brittle.
Further, the oil inlet communicates the interior bottom of heat-conducting plate, and the oil-out communicates the interior top of heat-conducting plate. Ensuring that the oil with lower temperature flows out more quickly.
Further, the inner wall of the carbonization box is provided with a heat insulation layer. Through the setting of insulating layer, reduce the heat outflow in the carbonization case, the energy saving.
Further, the upper surface and the lower surface of the heat conducting plate are both provided with metal rubber layers. The metal rubber is porous and elastic; the metal rubber layer is contacted with the wood board, so that rigid extrusion on the wood board is reduced; in addition, the metal rubber is porous, so that moisture can escape more quickly in the process of drying the wood board to obtain dried wood; in the process of carbonizing the dried wood, steam can be in better contact with the surface of the dried wood, so that the dried wood is ensured to have certain humidity, and the brittleness of the obtained carbonized wood is reduced.
Further, an oil storage plate is fixedly connected between the metal rubber layer and the heat conducting plate, an oil storage tank is arranged on one surface of the oil storage plate, which faces the heat conducting plate, a piston plate is arranged in the oil storage tank, an oil inlet hole is formed in the side wall of the oil storage plate, and the oil inlet hole is detachably connected with a plug; guide holes communicated with the oil storage tank are uniformly distributed on the surface, facing the metal rubber layer, of the oil storage plate, and guide rods matched with the guide holes are connected in the guide holes; one end of the guide rod is fixedly connected with the piston plate, the other end of the guide rod is inserted into the metal rubber layer, one end of the guide rod, which is far away from the piston plate, is fixedly connected with the metal rubber layer, an oil guide hole is formed in the guide rod and is communicated with the oil storage tank, and a hydraulic valve is arranged in the oil guide hole;
when in use, wood wax oil is placed in the oil storage tank, and the placement amount of the wood wax oil is 1L/15m2～1L/10m2Wherein L represents the volume of the wood wax oil, m2Representing the area of the upper surface or the lower surface of the wood board; when the wood board is placed in the first step, the wood board is placed between the opposite metal rubber layers; after the dried wood is prepared in the second step, the push plate is pushed by the air cylinder to enable the heat-conducting plate, the metal rubber layer and the wood between the metal rubber layers to be in contact with each otherThe boards are extruded together, and the upper surface and the lower surface of each board are ensured to be contacted with the metal rubber layers; then the temperature of the oil liquid is reduced to 60-80 ℃ by an oil liquid heater; heating the dried wood for 30-40 min by oil liquid at 60-80 ℃ to obtain the oiled wood; and then carbonizing the oiled wood through the third step to obtain carbonized wood.
Through the setting of oil storage tank, when push pedal extrusion metal rubber layer and heat-conducting plate, metal rubber layer pressurized when removing to the oil storage plate, drives guide bar and piston plate and removes to one side that the oil storage tank is close to the heat-conducting plate to in extruding the oil drain hole of guide bar with wood wax oil, under the pressure, wood wax oil flows from the oil drain hole and contacts with dry wood, and then fuses into dry wooden surface. And heating the dried wood at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ for 30-40 min to ensure that the wood wax oil enters the surface layer of the dried wood to obtain the oiled wood. Carbonizing the oiled wood at the temperature of 200-210 ℃ for 2.5-3 h, so that the surface layer of the oiled wood is carbonized, wood wax oil is more fully blended into the wood board, and the wood wax oil is beneficial to further escape of moisture in the wood board, so that the toughness in the wood board is ensured; and the wear resistance of the carbonized wood surface is further improved under the action of the wood wax oil.
Furthermore, carbonization equipment still includes the controller, and the controller is used for controlling the break-make electricity of cylinder, steam generator, high temperature oil pump and fluid heater for the flexible volume of control cylinder, be used for controlling the power of high temperature oil pump, steam generator and fluid heater, be used for receiving the information that induction type timber moisture apparatus sent. Through the setting of controller, can realize through the controller that the cylinder, steam generator, high temperature oil pump and fluid heater automated control.
Further, the controller is a single chip microcomputer or a plc controller. The singlechip and the plc controller are mature in technology and reliable in performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a carbonizing apparatus in a method of carbonizing wood according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a rear view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of a carbonizing apparatus in a method of carbonizing wood according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of FIG. 3 at A;
fig. 5 is a rear view of a carbonizing apparatus in a method of carbonizing wood according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises a carbonization box 1, a heat insulation layer 2, an oil outlet pipe 3, a connecting plate 4, a rail 5, an oil distribution pipe 6, an oil level adjusting box 7, a sliding block 8, a metal rubber layer 9, a partition plate 10, a guide plate 11, a cylinder 12, a push plate 13, a carbonization chamber 14, a heat conducting plate 15, a heat conducting cavity 16, a push rod 17, an oil collecting pipe 18, an oil inlet pipe 19, a high-temperature oil pump 20, an oil heater 21, a steam generator 22, an air guide pipe 23, a piston plate 24, an oil storage plate 25, an oil storage tank 26, a guide rod 27 and a controller.
Example 1 is substantially as shown in figures 1-2: a carbonization device comprises a carbonization box 1, an oil liquid conveying device, a heat conducting device, a pushing device and a steam supply device; a cavity in the carbonization box 1 is a carbonization chamber 14, and an induction type wood moisture tester is arranged in the carbonization chamber 14; two vertical connecting plates 4 are integrally formed on two opposite side walls of the carbonization chamber 14, a track 5 is arranged on each connecting plate 4, and the track 5 is arranged along the length direction of each connecting plate 4; the inner wall of the carbonization box 1 (namely the side wall of the carbonization chamber 14) is provided with a heat insulation layer 2;
the oil liquid conveying device comprises an oil liquid heater 21, a high-temperature oil pump 20, an oil outlet pipe 3 and an oil inlet pipe 19; the oil outlet pipe 3 is communicated with an oil heater 21 through a high-temperature oil pump 20, namely, the oil inlet end of the high-temperature oil pump 20 is communicated with the oil heater 21, and the oil outlet end of the high-temperature oil pump 20 is communicated with the oil outlet pipe 3; the oil outlet pipe 3 is communicated with three oil distributing pipes 6; the oil inlet pipe 19 is communicated with the oil heater 21, and the oil inlet pipe 19 is communicated with three oil collecting pipes 18; the oil collecting pipe 18 and the oil distributing pipe 6 are both positioned in the carbonization chamber 14; the oil collecting pipe 18 and the oil distributing pipe 6 are both flexible pipes, and a margin is left in the carbonization chamber 14;
the heat conducting device comprises an oil level adjusting box 7 and three heat conducting plates 15 with hollow interiors, the hollow parts of the heat conducting plates 15 are heat conducting cavities 16, the shapes of the heat conducting cavities 16 are similar to that of the wood boards, and the length and the width of the heat conducting cavities 16 are not less than those of the wood boards, so that the wood boards are ensured to be heated evenly; the three heat-conducting plates 15 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the opposite surfaces of the heat-conducting plates 15 at the top and the bottom and the upper and lower surfaces of the heat-conducting plate 15 in the middle are fixedly connected with metal rubber layers 9; the outer wall of the heat conducting plate 15 is provided with a sliding block 8, and the sliding block 8 is connected to the track 5 in a sliding manner; the upper surface and the lower surface of the heat conduction plate 15 are fixedly connected with two opposite sides of the heat conduction plate 15 respectively provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet, the oil inlet and the oil outlet are both positioned in the length direction of the heat conduction plate 15, the oil inlet is communicated with the inner bottom of the heat conduction plate 15, and the oil outlet is communicated with the inner top of the heat conduction plate 15; the oil level adjusting box 7 is provided with three oil level adjusting boxes 7, a partition plate 10 for dividing the oil level adjusting box 7 into two parts is arranged in the oil level adjusting box 7, a gap is reserved between the top of the partition plate 10 and the top wall of the oil level adjusting box 7, the oil level adjusting box 7 is communicated with the oil distributing pipe 6, the oil level adjusting box 7 is also communicated with a guide plate 11, the guide plate 11 and the oil distributing pipe 6 are positioned on two sides of the partition plate 10, the guide plate 11 is communicated with a heat conducting plate 15, and the size of the communicated part of the guide plate; the oil collecting pipe 18 is communicated with the oil outlet of the heat conducting plate 15;
the pushing device comprises a pushing plate 13 and an air cylinder 12 arranged at the top of the carbonization box 1, a telescopic rod of the air cylinder 12 is fixedly connected with a pushing rod 17, the pushing rod 17 is fixedly connected with the pushing plate 13, and the pushing plate 13 is positioned in the carbonization box 1 and is positioned right above a heat conducting plate 15;
the steam supply device comprises a steam generator 22 and an air duct 23 communicated with the steam generator 22, and the other end of the air duct 23 is communicated with the carbonization chamber 14.
The carbonization equipment in the embodiment 2 is basically as shown in the attached figures 3-4, and the only difference from the embodiment 1 is that: an oil storage plate 25 is fixedly connected between the metal rubber layer 9 and the heat conducting plate 15, an oil storage tank 26 is arranged on one surface of the oil storage plate 25 facing the heat conducting plate 15, a piston plate 24 is arranged in the oil storage tank 26, an oil inlet hole is formed in the side wall of the oil storage plate 25, and the oil inlet hole is detachably connected with a plug; one surface of the oil storage plate 25 facing the metal rubber layer 9 is uniformly provided with guide holes communicated with the oil storage tank 26, and the guide holes are internally connected with guide rods 27 matched with the guide holes; one end of the guide rod 27 is fixedly connected with the piston plate 24, the other end of the guide rod 27 is inserted into the metal rubber layer 9, one end, far away from the plug, of the guide rod 27 is fixedly connected with the metal rubber layer 9, an oil guide hole is formed in the guide rod 27 and communicated with the oil storage tank 26, and a hydraulic valve is arranged in the oil guide hole;
the carbonization device in the embodiment 3 is basically as shown in the attached fig. 5, and the only difference from the embodiment 2 is that: the carbonization equipment also comprises a controller 28, wherein the controller 28 is electrically connected with the cylinder 12, the induction type wood moisture tester, the steam generator 22, the high-temperature oil pump 20 and the oil heater 21; the controller 28 is used for controlling the on-off of the cylinder 12, the steam generator 22, the high-temperature oil pump 20 and the oil heater 21, controlling the expansion amount of the cylinder 12, controlling the power of the high-temperature oil pump 20, the steam generator 22 and the oil heater 21, receiving information sent by the induction type wood moisture tester, and receiving wood board moisture content information sent by the induction type wood moisture tester; the controller 28 is a Siemens S7-400plc controller.
Example 4 differs from example 1 only in that: the carbonization device also comprises a controller 28, wherein the controller 28 is electrically connected with the cylinder 12, the steam generator 22, the high-temperature oil pump 20 and the oil heater 21; the controller 28 is used for controlling the on-off of the cylinder 12, the steam generator 22, the high-temperature oil pump 20 and the oil heater 21, controlling the expansion amount of the cylinder 12, controlling the power of the high-temperature oil pump 20, the steam generator 22 and the oil heater 21, and receiving information sent by the induction type wood moisture tester; the controller 28 is a Siemens S7-400plc controller.
Example 5 differs from example 4 only in that: the heat conducting plate 15 is not connected with the metal rubber layer 9.
In this application, in order to place or take the plank, can be equipped with the spring between relative metal rubber layer 9, through the setting of spring, be convenient for support metal rubber layer 9 and heat-conducting plate 15, and then be convenient for place or take the plank.
Example 6, a method for carbonizing wood boards using the carbonizing apparatus of example 3, comprising the steps of:
step one, parameter setting: setting parameters of the carbonization treatment of the wood board by the controller 28;
step two, adding wood wax oil: placing wood wax oil into the oil storage tank 26 through the oil inlet hole, and plugging the oil inlet hole by using a plug;
step three, placing the wood board: the pine board is placed between the opposite metal rubber layers 9 on the two adjacent heat-conducting plates 15; ensuring the carbonization chamber 14 is in an oxygen-free state;
step four, preparing the dried wood: the controller 28 controls the oil heater 21 to heat the oil to 120 ℃, and the controller 28 controls the high-temperature oil pump 20 to start up to realize the circular flow of the oil in the oil outlet pipe 3, the oil distribution pipe 6, the oil level adjusting box 7, the adjusting plate, the oil collecting pipe 18 and the oil inlet pipe 19; the controller 28 receives the wood moisture content information sent by the induction type wood moisture tester until the oil liquid at 120 ℃ heats the wood to the moisture content of 5 percent, and then dried wood is obtained;
step five, preparing the impregnated wood: after the dried wood is prepared, the controller 28 controls the cylinder 12 to start, and the telescopic rod of the cylinder 12 drives the push rod 17 to push the push plate 13 to extrude the pinewood plates among the heat-conducting plate 15, the metal rubber layer 9 and the metal rubber layer 9 together, so that the upper surface and the lower surface of each pinewood plate are ensured to be in contact with the metal rubber layer 9; meanwhile, the controller 28 controls the oil heater 21 to reduce the temperature of the oil to 80 ℃; heating the dried wood for 30min by using oil at 80 ℃ to obtain the oiled wood;
step six, preparing carbonized wood: after obtaining the impregnated wood, the controller 28 starts the steam generator 22 to ensure that the steam in the carbonization chamber 14 is saturated, wherein the steam temperature is 210 ℃; and then the controller 28 controls the oil heater 21 to heat the oil to 210 ℃, and the oil at 210 ℃ is used for carbonizing the dried wood for 2.5 hours to obtain carbonized wood.
In the second step, the amount of the wood wax oil is 1L/10m2, wherein L represents the volume of the wood wax oil, and m2 represents the area of the side of the pinewood board facing the oil storage plate 25.
Example 7 differs from example 6 only in that the parameters during the carbonization treatment of the wood boards are not identical, in particular:
setting parameters in the first step are different;
step four, when preparing the dried wood: the controller 28 controls the oil heater 21 to heat the oil to 110 ℃, and the oil at 110 ℃ heats the wood to the water content of 4% to obtain dried wood;
step five, when preparing the impregnated wood: the controller 28 controls the oil heater 21 to reduce the temperature of the oil to 60 ℃; heating the dried wood for 40min by oil liquid at 60 ℃ to obtain the oiled wood;
step six, when preparing the carbonized wood: the steam temperature is 200 ℃; and then the controller 28 controls the oil heater 21 to heat the oil to 200 ℃, and the oil at 200 ℃ is used for carbonizing the dried wood for 3 hours to obtain carbonized wood.
In the second step, the amount of the wood wax oil is 1L/15m2, wherein L represents the volume of the wood wax oil, and m2 represents the area of the side of the pinewood board facing the oil storage plate 25.
Example 8 differs from example 6 only in that the parameters during the carbonization treatment of the wood board are not identical, specifically:
setting parameters in the first step are different;
step four, when preparing the dried wood: the controller 28 controls the oil heater 21 to heat the oil to 115 ℃, and the oil at 115 ℃ heats the wood to the moisture content of 4.5% to obtain dried wood;
step five, when preparing the impregnated wood: the controller 28 controls the oil heater 21 to reduce the temperature of the oil to 70 ℃; heating the dried wood for 35min by oil liquid at 70 ℃ to obtain the oiled wood;
step six, when preparing the carbonized wood: the steam temperature is 205 ℃; and then the controller 28 controls the oil heater 21 to heat the oil to 205 ℃, and the oil at 205 ℃ is used for carbonizing the dried wood for 2.8 hours to obtain the carbonized wood.
In the second step, the amount of the wood wax oil is 1L/12m2, wherein L represents the volume of the wood wax oil, and m2 represents the area of the side of the pinewood board facing the oil storage plate 25.
Example 9 compared with example 6, the method of carbonizing a wood board was identical, but the carbonizing apparatus in example 9 lacked the oil level adjusting case 7 compared with the carbonizing apparatus in example 3.
Example 10 compared to example 6, the method of carbonizing a wood board lacks step five.
Example 11 the method of carbonizing a wood board lacks step five as compared with example 6, and the carbonizing apparatus in example 10 lacks the oil level adjusting box 7 as compared with the carbonizing apparatus in example 3.
The corrosion resistance of the carbonized wood is measured according to GB/T13942.1; the result is remarkable: the corrosion resistance of the carbonized wood obtained in the embodiments 6 to 8 reaches the level II and is close to the level I, the corrosion resistance of the carbonized wood obtained in the embodiments 9 to 10 reaches the level II, and the corrosion resistance of the carbonized wood obtained in the embodiment 11 reaches the level III.
Measuring the water content of the carbonized wood through GB/T1931; the water content of the carbonized wood obtained in the embodiments 6 to 9 is 4.9 to 5 percent; the water content of the carbonized wood obtained in the examples 10 to 11 was 7%;
measuring the dry shrinkage rate of the carbonized wood through GB/T1932; the carbonized wood obtained in examples 6 to 8 had a volume dry shrinkage of 4.6%; the carbonized wood obtained in example 9 has a volume dry shrinkage of 6.2%; the carbonized wood obtained in example 10 had a volume dry shrinkage of 6.5%; the carbonized wood obtained in example 11 had a volume shrinkage of 6.9%.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and features of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for carbonizing wood is characterized in that: specifically, carbonizing treatment is carried out on the wood board in an oxygen-free environment by adopting carbonizing equipment, wherein the carbonizing equipment comprises a carbonizing box, an oil liquid conveying device, a heat conducting device, a pushing device and a steam supplying device; an induction type wood moisture tester is arranged in the carbonization box;
the oil liquid conveying device comprises an oil liquid heater, a high-temperature oil pump, an oil outlet pipe and an oil inlet pipe; the oil outlet pipe is communicated with the oil heater through the high-temperature oil pump and is communicated with a plurality of oil distributing pipes; the oil inlet pipe is communicated with the oil heater and is communicated with a plurality of oil collecting pipes;
the heat conduction device comprises an oil level adjusting box and a plurality of heat conduction plates with hollow interiors, and the heat conduction plates are sequentially vertically connected in the carbonization box in a sliding manner from top to bottom; the upper surface and the lower surface of the heat conducting plate are fixedly connected with two opposite sides of the heat conducting plate, and an oil inlet and an oil outlet are respectively formed in the two opposite sides of the heat conducting plate; the oil level adjusting box is internally provided with a plurality of partition plates which divide the oil level adjusting box into two parts, a gap is reserved between the top of each partition plate and the top wall of the oil level adjusting box, the oil level adjusting box is communicated with the oil distributing pipe and the heat conducting plate, the heat conducting plate and the oil distributing pipe are positioned on two sides of each partition plate, and the size of the communication position of the heat conducting plate and the oil level adjusting box is consistent with that of the oil inlet; the oil collecting pipe is communicated with an oil outlet of the heat conducting plate, and the oil collecting pipe and the oil distributing pipe are flexible pipes;
the pushing device comprises a push plate and an air cylinder arranged at the top of the carbonization box, a telescopic rod of the air cylinder is fixedly connected with the push plate, and the push plate is positioned in the carbonization box and is positioned right above the heat conducting plate;
the steam supply device comprises a steam generator and an air guide pipe communicated with the steam generator, and the other end of the air guide pipe is communicated with the carbonization tank;
the process of carbonizing the wood board by the carbonizing equipment in the oxygen-free environment comprises the following steps:
step one, placing a wood board: placing the wood board between the adjacent heat conducting plates;
step two, preparing the dried wood: starting an oil heater to heat oil to 110-120 ℃, and starting a high-temperature oil pump to realize the circular flow of the oil in an oil outlet pipe, an oil distribution pipe, an oil level adjusting box, an adjusting plate, an oil collecting pipe and an oil inlet pipe; heating the wood board by oil liquid at the temperature of 110-120 ℃ until the water content of the wood board is 4-5% to obtain dried wood;
step three, preparing carbonized wood: starting a steam generator to ensure that steam in the carbonization box is saturated, wherein the steam temperature is 200-210 ℃; and then heating the oil liquid to 200-210 ℃ by an oil liquid heater, and carbonizing the dried wood for 2.5-3 h by the oil liquid at 200-210 ℃ to obtain the carbonized wood.
2. A method of carbonizing wood according to claim 1, characterized in that: the oil inlet communicates with the inner bottom of the heat conducting plate, and the oil outlet communicates with the inner top of the heat conducting plate.
3. A method of carbonizing wood according to claim 2, characterized in that: and a heat insulation layer is arranged on the inner wall of the carbonization box.
4. A method of carbonizing wood according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the upper surface and the lower surface of the heat conducting plate are both provided with metal rubber layers.
5. A method of carbonizing wood according to claim 4, characterized in that: an oil storage plate is fixedly connected between the metal rubber layer and the heat conducting plate, an oil storage tank is arranged on one surface of the oil storage plate, which faces the heat conducting plate, a piston plate is arranged in the oil storage tank, an oil inlet hole is formed in the side wall of the oil storage plate, and the oil inlet hole is detachably connected with a plug; guide holes communicated with the oil storage tank are uniformly distributed on the surface, facing the metal rubber layer, of the oil storage plate, and guide rods matched with the guide holes are connected in the guide holes; one end of the guide rod is fixedly connected with the piston plate, the other end of the guide rod is inserted into the metal rubber layer, one end of the guide rod, which is far away from the piston plate, is fixedly connected with the metal rubber layer, an oil guide hole is formed in the guide rod and is communicated with the oil storage tank, and a hydraulic valve is arranged in the oil guide hole;
when in use, wood wax oil is placed in the oil storage tank, and the placement amount of the wood wax oil is 1L/15m2～1L/10m2Wherein L represents the volume of the wood wax oil, m2Representing the area of the upper surface or the lower surface of the wood board; when the wood board is placed in the first step, the wood board is placed between the opposite metal rubber layers; after the dried wood is prepared, pushing a push plate by a cylinder to extrude the heat-conducting plate, the metal rubber layer and the wood plate between the metal rubber layers together so as to ensure that the upper surface and the lower surface of the wood plate are in contact with the metal rubber layer; then theThe temperature of the oil liquid is reduced to 60-80 ℃ by an oil liquid heater; heating the dried wood for 30-40 min by oil liquid at 60-80 ℃ to obtain the oiled wood; and then carbonizing the oiled wood through the third step to obtain carbonized wood.
6. A method of carbonizing wood according to claim 5, characterized in that: the carbonization equipment further comprises a controller, wherein the controller is used for controlling the on-off of the air cylinder, the steam generator, the high-temperature oil pump and the oil heater, controlling the expansion amount of the air cylinder, controlling the power of the high-temperature oil pump, the steam generator and the oil heater and receiving information sent by the induction type wood moisture tester.
7. A method of carbonizing wood according to claim 6, characterized in that: the controller is a single chip microcomputer or a plc controller.
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