CN112605495B - Underwater cutting and perforating process observation method and device - Google Patents
Underwater cutting and perforating process observation method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112605495B CN112605495B CN202011358716.0A CN202011358716A CN112605495B CN 112605495 B CN112605495 B CN 112605495B CN 202011358716 A CN202011358716 A CN 202011358716A CN 112605495 B CN112605495 B CN 112605495B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/013—Arc cutting, gouging, scarfing or desurfacing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention discloses an observation method and device for an underwater cutting and punching process, wherein the observation device comprises a test water tank, a cutting strip, a base material, a support frame, a transparent observation window, an optical detection device, a drying darkroom, a cutting control device, a temperature field detection device, a data processor and a visual information control device; the cutting strip is located the base metal top, the support frame is the back-off flowerpot form, and the top is used for placing and waits to cut the base metal, dry darkroom is located experimental water tank below, hugs closely in experimental water tank outer wall, and only be transparent material with experimental water tank contact one side, and all the other outer walls constitute by shading material, and optical detection device is located dry darkroom, before the perforation process takes place, support frame, not cut through base metal and dry darkroom constitute a dark environment jointly. The invention can accurately analyze the changes of an electric field, a temperature field and the like in the cutting process, avoid the influence of the air bag in water on the observation of the cutting process and improve the accuracy of the observation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal material welding, relates to an observation method of a cutting and punching process, in particular to an observation method and an observation device of an underwater cutting and punching process, and specifically relates to an observation method for observing a base metal penetrating process by using a visual sensing device arranged on the back of a base metal.
Background
Underwater cutting technology was first used in salvage of sunken ships and developed gradually. In particular, in recent years, with the development of marine industry, new underwater cutting methods and equipment are developed successively from the viewpoints of improving underwater cutting capacity, speed and quality and adapting to special structures and special environmental requirements. With respect to the current development of this method, the research on the underwater cutting mechanism is not deep enough, mainly for the following reasons: firstly, in the underwater electric arc cutting process, cutting strips go deep into a workpiece, and the cutting process is difficult to observe by the traditional observation means; secondly, the reaction product is easy to make water turbid in the cutting process, and is difficult to observe due to the influence of bubbles. Therefore, a test device suitable for observing the underwater cutting process needs to be designed by combining the characteristics of the method, so that the influence of the cutting process is further determined, and the method plays a promoting role in realizing automation and efficient cutting.
The cutting process of the flux-cored cutting wire under deep water is explored by observing the cutting process by a cutting method at the edge of a workpiece in Riwengh navigation of the science and technology university of Jiangsu, but an underwater light path is influenced by transverse diffusion of bubbles and turbid matters generated during underwater cutting, and an ideal cutting image cannot be obtained underwater by shooting with the air cutting observation method. Guoning et al adopt a method of combining X-rays and high-speed photography for solving the problem that the underwater wet welding process is influenced by more turbid matters, and obtain a clear molten drop transition image of the flux-cored wire in the underwater wet welding process by virtue of strong penetrating power of the X-rays, but the cost of the method is relatively high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the method and the device for observing the underwater cutting and perforating process, which can accurately analyze the cutting process, avoid the influence of an underwater air bag on the observation, and meet the requirements of clear observation, accurate analysis, low cost and the like on an observation device in the underwater observation process.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides an observation device for an underwater cutting and perforating process, which comprises a test water tank, a cutting strip, a base metal, a support frame, a transparent observation window, an optical detection device, a drying darkroom, a cutting control device, a temperature field detection device, a data processor and a visual information control device, wherein the base metal is arranged on the test water tank;
the cutting strip is positioned above the parent metal and connected with a cutting control device, and the cutting control device is connected with a data processor; the base material is connected with a temperature field detection device, and the temperature field detection device is connected with a data processor;
the support frame is in an inverted flowerpot shape, the top of the support frame is used for placing a parent metal to be cut, an opening is reserved in the top of the support frame, and the area of the opening is smaller than that of the parent metal; the bottom of the support frame is not covered, and the rest parts are sealed and shielded;
the drying darkroom is positioned below the test water tank, is tightly attached to the outer wall of the test water tank, is made of transparent material only at one side in contact with the test water tank, and is made of shading material at the other outer walls;
before the perforation process occurs, the support frame, the base material which is not cut through and the drying dark room form a dark environment together.
Furthermore, a transparent observation window embedded in the bottom plate of the test water tank is positioned right below the base material.
Furthermore, the transparent observation window has an inclination angle so as to prevent slag splashing from influencing the observation effect.
Furthermore, the temperature field detection device is a series of temperature sensors placed around the perforation of the parent metal, and the temperature sensors are synchronously triggered when the arc striking is started to record the temperature change of each position.
Furthermore, the cutting is electroless self-propagating cutting or underwater electro-oxygen cutting.
The invention also provides an observation method for the underwater cutting and perforating process, which is carried out by using the observation device for the underwater cutting and perforating process and comprises the following steps:
step 1, connecting all parts of the underwater cutting and perforating process observation device;
step 3, when the preset time is reached, the data processor turns off the cutting control device, and the cutting process is automatically terminated; and after a period of time is prolonged again, the data processor turns off the visual information control device and the temperature field detection device, and acquires corresponding data for analysis.
Further, the underwater cutting and punching process observation device is utilized to judge the starting time of the cutting process and the base metal penetration time, and the base metal temperature field change characteristic and the electric arc signal change rule in the cutting process are synchronously measured according to requirements.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the observation effect is good. Because the vision sensing device and the cutting strip are respectively positioned at two sides of the parent metal, the influence of the air bag in water on the observation of the cutting process can be avoided, and the observation accuracy is improved.
(2) The analysis precision is high. The method can accurately determine the starting and stopping time of the cutting process, thereby accurately analyzing the changes of the cutting process, particularly the electric field, the temperature field and the like at the perforation time of the parent metal.
(3) The equipment cost is low. Compared with complex analysis devices such as an X-ray camera and the like, the method can realize observation of the cutting process by using simple equipment, and is low in cost and easy to realize.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an observation device for an underwater cutting and perforating process according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the supporting frame of the present invention.
In the figure, 1. test water tank; 2. cutting strips; 3. a base material; 4. a support frame; 5. a transparent observation window; 6. an optical detection device; 7. drying a dark room; 8. a cutting control device; 9. a temperature field detection device; 10. a data processor; 11. visual information control device.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the device for observing the underwater cutting and perforating process comprises a test water tank 1, a cutting bar 2, a base material 3, a support frame 4, a transparent observation window 5, an optical detection device 6, a drying darkroom 7, a cutting control device 8, a temperature field detection device 9, a data processor 10 and a visual information control device 11.
A support frame 4 is placed at a proper position in a test water tank 1 for storing enough water, as shown in a combined figure 2, the support frame 4 is in the shape of an inverted-buckle flowerpot, the top of the support frame is used for placing a base material 3 to be cut, an opening is reserved at the top of the support frame, and the area of the opening is smaller than that of the base material 3; the bottom of the support frame 4 is not covered, so that observation is convenient, and the rest parts are sealed and shielded.
The cutting strip 2 is positioned above the base material 3, the cutting strip 2 is connected with a cutting control device 8, and the cutting control device 8 is connected with a data processor 10 and used for controlling the cutting process and providing necessary energy for the cutting process.
The parent metal 3 is connected with a temperature field detection device 9, and the temperature field detection device 9 is connected with a data processor 10 and used for detecting the change of the parent metal temperature field in the cutting process.
The drying darkroom 7 is positioned below the test water tank 1, clings to the outer wall of the test water tank 1, only one side of the drying darkroom contacting with the test water tank 1 is made of transparent material, the other outer walls are made of shading material, the optical detection device 6 is positioned in the drying darkroom 7, and the outside of the optical detection device is connected with the data processor 10 and used for observing the cutting process.
The invention uses the observation device placed on the back of the parent metal to research the perforation process of the parent metal. In order to accurately judge the piercing time, arc light interference needs to be avoided, the optical detection device 6 in the drying dark room 7 needs to be ensured to be in a dark place, and the support frame 4, the base material 3 which is not cut through and the drying dark room 7 together form a dark environment before the piercing process occurs.
Once the piercing process is instantaneous, a fine arc of light penetrates the parent metal 3. At this time, the optical detection device 6 in the dry dark room 7 is very likely to determine that the piercing process has occurred by detecting the arc. The optical detection device 6 of the present invention may be a high-speed camera or an optical sensor. In order to improve the time domain response performance of the detection device, the response speed of the observation device needs to be improved. In order to enrich research content, obtain more test data, synchronously acquire information such as temperature values, arc voltages, currents and the like of different areas of the parent metal while carrying out visual observation, and extract various information characteristics of the parent metal at the penetrating moment so as to facilitate development of research work. The temperature field detection device 9 is a series of temperature sensors placed around the perforation of the base material, and the temperature sensors are synchronously triggered at the beginning of arc striking to record the temperature change of each position.
After the perforation process takes place, 3 bottoms of parent metal easily enrich the slag to influence follow-up observation effect, for clearing up the slag with low costs high efficiency, provide better observation effect, embedded transparent observation window 5 in 1 bottom plate department of experimental water tank is located parent metal 3 under, and transparent observation window 5 has inclination, influences observation effect with the slag of splashing down.
The cutting method comprises underwater electro-oxygen cutting and electroless self-propagating cutting, and the cutting and feeding modes comprise manual feeding and automatic feeding. The cutting control device matched with the electro-oxygen cutting strip is a high-power arc welding power supply with a remote control start-stop control function, and the control of the cutting process is realized by controlling the start-stop of the welding power supply; and the electroless self-propagating cutting bar realizes the control of the arc striking process through an external electronic ignition device. The test device avoids observation means harmful to human bodies such as X rays and the like during design, so that the test process can realize automatic cutting by utilizing the special automatic strip feeding device, can restore the actual operation scene of a diver to the maximum degree, and observes the cutting process during manual strip feeding.
On the basis of the observation device for the underwater cutting and perforating process, an observation method for the underwater cutting and perforating process is developed, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, connecting all parts of the underwater cutting and perforating process observation device;
step 3, when the preset time is reached, the data processor turns off the cutting control device, and the cutting process is automatically terminated; and after a period of time is prolonged again, the data processor turns off the visual information control device and the temperature field detection device, and acquires corresponding data for analysis.
It should be noted that the underwater cutting and perforation process observation device is used for judging the starting time of the cutting process and the parent metal penetration time, and synchronously measuring the change characteristics of the parent metal temperature field and the electric arc signal change rule in the cutting process according to the requirement.
Example 1
The present example uses a light sensor to study the cutting process of electroless self-propagating cutting.
In this embodiment, utilize PLC as data processor, optical sensor is as visual information controlling means, the cutting strip is electroless self-propagating cutting strip, because self-propagating cutting strip need not the power and provides the required energy of cutting process for it, only need external power supply ignition electric arc, therefore external power supply is as cutting controlling means, in the cutting process, the cutting strip gives and also is accomplished by operating personnel is manual, PLC only need control the striking power, when the striking process begins, can trigger visual device optical sensor. In order to enrich the observation content and obtain more detailed data, a series of temperature sensors are pre-arranged around the perforation of the parent metal, the temperature sensors are synchronously triggered when the arc is started, and the temperature change of each position is recorded.
When the luminous flux measured by the optical sensor reaches a certain threshold value, the occurrence of the perforation process can be judged, at the moment, the PLC records the current moment, calculates the perforation time, and analyzes the change rule of the temperature field of the perforation area in the cutting process.
Example 2
The present example investigated the cutting process of electro-oxygen slivers using a high speed camera.
In this embodiment, an industrial personal computer is used as a data processor, a high-speed camera is used as a visual information control device, cutting is electro-oxygen cutting, and a high-power inverter power supply is used as a cutting control device, so that energy is provided for the cutting process, and the start and stop of the cutting process can be controlled. In the cutting process, the cutting feeding is automatically completed by a specific feeding device, and the industrial personal computer controls the starting and stopping of the inverter power supply, the automatic feeding of the cutting, the synchronous triggering of the high-speed camera and the like. Besides, the electric arc electric signal acquisition device arranged in the industrial personal computer can acquire current and voltage waveforms in the cutting process in real time.
When the high-speed camera observes bright light, the occurrence of a perforation process can be judged, the industrial personal computer records the current moment at the moment, the perforation time is calculated, and the electric arc signal change rule at the perforation moment is obtained.
The cutting observation method of the invention is characterized in that: the observation process is simple to operate and harmless to operators, and the cutting and piercing time can be detected in time, so that the cutting and piercing process can be accurately analyzed.
Based on the method, when underwater cutting is researched, necessary test data can be extracted by utilizing the cutting process starting time and the parent metal penetrating time judged by the device and synchronously measuring the temperature field change characteristics of the parent metal and the electric arc signal change rule in the cutting process according to needs, and the theoretical research and the process development of the underwater cutting process are assisted.
It is understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art should understand that they can make various changes, modifications, additions and substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides an underwater cutting perforation process observation device which characterized in that: the device comprises a test water tank, a cutting strip, a base material, a support frame, a transparent observation window, an optical detection device, a drying darkroom, a cutting control device, a temperature field detection device, a data processor and a visual information control device;
the cutting strip is positioned above the parent metal and connected with a cutting control device, and the cutting control device is connected with a data processor; the base material is connected with a temperature field detection device, and the temperature field detection device is connected with a data processor;
the support frame is in an inverted flowerpot shape, the top of the support frame is used for placing a parent metal to be cut, an opening is reserved in the top of the support frame, and the area of the opening is smaller than that of the parent metal; the bottom of the support frame is not covered, and the rest parts are sealed and shielded;
the drying darkroom is positioned below the test water tank, is tightly attached to the outer wall of the test water tank, and is made of transparent material only at one side in contact with the test water tank, the other outer walls are made of shading material, the transparent observation window embedded at the bottom plate of the test water tank is positioned right below the base material, the transparent observation window has an inclination angle so as to prevent molten slag from splashing to influence the observation effect, the optical detection device is positioned in the drying darkroom, and the outside of the optical detection device is connected with the data processor and is used for observing the cutting process;
the temperature field detection device is a series of temperature sensors placed around the perforation of the base material, the temperature sensors are synchronously triggered when the arc striking is started, and the temperature change of each position is recorded; the cutting is electroless self-propagating cutting or underwater electro-oxygen cutting;
before the perforation process occurs, the support frame, the base material which is not cut through and the drying dark room form a dark environment together.
2. An underwater cutting and piercing process observation method which is performed by using the underwater cutting and piercing process observation device according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step 1, connecting all parts of the underwater cutting and perforating process observation device;
step 2, when an operator starts a cutting control device through a data processor, a cutting strip is ignited, the cutting process starts, the cutting strip moves towards the parent metal, and at the moment, the cutting control device synchronously starts a visual information control device and a temperature field detection device and starts timing; once the perforation process is instantaneous, fine arc light penetrates through the parent metal, and the visual information control device in the drying darkroom judges the perforation process to occur by detecting the arc light; synchronously acquiring temperature values and electric arc signal information of different areas of the parent metal while carrying out visual observation, and extracting various information characteristics of the parent metal at the penetration moment;
step 3, when the preset time is reached, the data processor turns off the cutting control device, and the cutting process is automatically terminated; and after a period of time is prolonged again, the data processor turns off the visual information control device and the temperature field detection device, and acquires corresponding data for analysis.
3. The method for observing the underwater cutting and perforating process as claimed in claim 2, wherein the underwater cutting and perforating process observation device is used for determining the starting time of the cutting process and the parent metal penetration time, and synchronously measuring the temperature field change characteristics of the parent metal and the electric arc signal change rule in the cutting process as required.
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| CN202011358716.0A CN112605495B (en) | 2020-11-27 | 2020-11-27 | Underwater cutting and perforating process observation method and device |
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| CN202011358716.0A CN112605495B (en) | 2020-11-27 | 2020-11-27 | Underwater cutting and perforating process observation method and device |
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| CN112605495B true CN112605495B (en) | 2022-05-31 |
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Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5982169A (en) * | 1982-11-04 | 1984-05-12 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Monitoring method of cut part during underwater plasma cutting |
| JP2001219269A (en) * | 2000-02-07 | 2001-08-14 | Hitachi Ltd | Device and method for submerged working |
| CN204171513U (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-02-25 | 北京石油化工学院 | High pressure separate injection multi signal synchronous |
| CN104227185B (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2016-03-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | A kind of underwater wet welding visualizer and using method |
| CN105834550B (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2018-10-12 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of underwater melt pole electrical arc cutting high-speed camera observation device and its application method |
| CN106270940B (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-12-08 | 天津大学 | A kind of method of synchronous detection welding process electric image signal |
| CN107127424B (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2019-10-01 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of hot-cut underwater cutting mill reason observation device and its observation method |
| CN109926693B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-09-04 | 山东大学 | Underwater wet welding molten drop bubble synchronous visual detection system and detection method |
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