CN112605388B - Preparation method of high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roller - Google Patents
Preparation method of high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roller Download PDFInfo
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- CN112605388B CN112605388B CN202011371584.5A CN202011371584A CN112605388B CN 112605388 B CN112605388 B CN 112605388B CN 202011371584 A CN202011371584 A CN 202011371584A CN 112605388 B CN112605388 B CN 112605388B
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- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 173
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 167
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 162
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
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- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 24
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- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/08—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools with one or more parts not made from powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
- B22F3/15—Hot isostatic pressing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/38—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for roll bodies
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/247—Removing material: carving, cleaning, grinding, hobbing, honing, lapping, polishing, milling, shaving, skiving, turning the surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roller, which comprises the following steps: s1, preparing high-chromium cast iron alloy powder; s2, preparing a sheath by using low-carbon steel; s3, filling the cavity in the sheath with high-chromium cast iron alloy powder; s4, vacuumizing the sheath with the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder; s5, sealing the sheath after gas is pumped out by adopting electron beam welding; s6, performing hot isostatic pressing treatment on the sealed sheath to form a semi-finished product of the composite roll sleeve; s7, carrying out heat treatment on the composite roll sleeve semi-finished product; s8, removing the sheath on the outer surface of the semi-finished product of the composite roll sleeve by turning to expose the high-chromium cast iron alloy layer to obtain the composite roll sleeve; and S9, assembling the composite roll sleeve and the roll shaft. According to the preparation method of the high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roller, the outer layer of the composite roller sleeve is made of the high-chromium cast iron alloy with high wear resistance and high red hardness, the inner layer is made of low-carbon steel with good toughness, and the outer layer is hard and the inner layer is tough, so that the wear resistance and the safety of the composite roller sleeve are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rollers, in particular to a preparation method of a high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roller.
Background
The roller is a common equipment part in metallurgy and machining industry, and is also an easily-consumed industrial material, the quality of the roller directly relates to the production efficiency of a rolling mill, the surface quality of a rolled material and the production cost of rolled steel, and steel is plastically deformed between rotating rollers under the action of rolling pressure, so that the roller needs to have high hardness and wear resistance. In the aspect of a roller for hot rolling, a hole groove of the roller is locally contacted with red steel, the instantaneous temperature is very high, and the roller is also cooled by cooling water, and the working conditions of instantaneous high temperature and rapid cooling and rapid heating require that the roller for hot rolling also needs to have good red hardness and toughness. In the prior art, the roller is generally produced by a casting mode, and the defects of segregation of alloy components, large carbide, uneven tissue distribution, easy generation of air holes, slag inclusion and the like are easily generated in the casting process, so that the service performance and the safety performance of the roller are seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roller, which aims to solve the technical problems of segregation of alloy components, large carbide, uneven tissue distribution, easy generation of pores and slag inclusion of a roller produced by a casting method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roller comprises a roller shaft and a composite roller sleeve sleeved outside the roller shaft, and comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing high-chromium cast iron alloy powder from the high-chromium cast iron alloy;
s2, preparing a sheath by using low-carbon steel, wherein a cavity for containing high-chromium cast iron alloy powder is formed inside the sheath;
s3, filling the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder into the cavity in the sleeve;
s4, vacuumizing the sheath with the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder to remove gas in the sheath;
s5, sealing the sheath after gas is pumped out by adopting electron beam welding;
s6, carrying out hot isostatic pressing treatment on the sealed sheath to sinter the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder to form a high-chromium cast iron alloy layer, and compounding the high-chromium cast iron alloy layer with the sheath to form a composite roll sleeve semi-finished product;
s7, carrying out heat treatment on the composite roll sleeve semi-finished product;
s8, cooling the semi-finished product of the composite roll sleeve after heat treatment to room temperature, removing a sheath on the outer surface of the semi-finished product of the composite roll sleeve by turning to expose a high-chromium cast iron alloy layer to obtain a composite roll sleeve, and processing the composite roll sleeve according to the design specification and the specification of a rolled piece;
s9, assembling the composite roller sleeve and the roller shaft; obtaining the high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roller.
Further, the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder includes: 3.0 to 3.8 percent of C, 0.5 to 1.2 percent of Si, 0.3 to 0.8 percent of Mn, 18.0 to 28.0 percent of Cr, 1.0 to 3.0 percent of Mo, 2.0 to 9.0 percent of V, 0.2 to 2.0 percent of W and the balance of Fe, wherein the ratio of Cr to C is more than or equal to 3.5; the particle size of the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder is 25-95 mu m.
Further, the hot isostatic pressing process in step S6: the temperature is 1000-1200 ℃, the pressure is 120-140 MPa, and the heat preservation time is 2-4 h.
Further, the sheath comprises a first sheath and a second sheath sleeved on the outer surface of the first sheath; the first cover is provided with a groove structure, the groove structure and the second cover enclose a cavity which is used for containing high-chromium cast iron alloy powder, and the end part of the first cover is provided with a through hole which is used for injecting the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder into the inside of the cover and exhausting air from the inside of the cover.
Further, the wall thickness of the second sheath is 3 mm-5 mm; the depth of the groove structure is 30 mm-50 mm; the bottom thickness of the groove structure is 20 mm-30 mm.
Further, the step S7 of performing heat treatment on the composite roll sleeve semi-finished product comprises the following steps: s71, placing the semi-finished composite roll sleeve subjected to the hot isostatic pressing treatment in a furnace for annealing treatment, reducing the temperature to 400 ℃, discharging, and air cooling to room temperature; s72, placing the composite roll sleeve semi-finished product into a furnace for quenching treatment, discharging the composite roll sleeve after the temperature is reduced to 500 ℃, and air cooling or air cooling to room temperature; and S73, placing the semi-finished product of the composite roll sleeve into a furnace for tempering treatment, and air-cooling to room temperature.
Further, annealing treatment: the annealing temperature is 850-900 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3-5 h; quenching treatment: the quenching temperature is 1000-1100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-4 h; tempering treatment: the tempering temperature is 400-600 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3-5 h.
Further, the step S4 of vacuumizing includes placing the sheath into a vacuum box for vacuumizing, wherein the vacuum degree inside the sheath is greater than or equal to 1 × 10 -2 Pa。
Further, the low carbon steel includes one of Q235, 20 steel, or A3 carbon; the roll shaft adopts a 42CrMo forged steel shaft.
Further, still include: after the composite roll sleeve and the roll shaft are assembled, a hole groove is processed on the surface of the composite roll sleeve according to the specification of a rolled piece, and the surface of the hole groove is used as a working surface, so that the high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roll is obtained.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the preparation method of the high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roller comprises the following steps: respectively preparing high-chromium cast iron alloy powder and a low-carbon steel sheath, filling the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder into the sheath, vacuumizing and sealing the sheath containing the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder, performing hot isostatic pressing treatment to diffuse the sheath and the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder mutually, thermally compacting to form a composite roll sheath semi-finished product, performing heat treatment and turning to remove the sheath on one layer of the outer surface of the composite roll sheath semi-finished product so as to expose a high-chromium cast iron alloy layer, thus obtaining the composite roll sheath with the exposed high-chromium cast iron alloy layer combined with the low-carbon steel layer, and assembling the composite roll sheath and a roll shaft to obtain the high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roll. The transition layer is made of low-carbon steel and has the characteristics of low hardness, good toughness, good machinability and the like. The working layer is prepared from high-chromium cast iron alloy powder and has the advantages of uniform structure, fine carbide grains, good shape, excellent wear resistance and the like. And the outer layer (working layer) of the composite roll sleeve is made of high-chromium cast iron alloy with high wear resistance and high red hardness, the inner layer (transition layer) of the composite roll sleeve is made of low-carbon steel with good toughness, the high-chromium cast iron alloy is hard outside and tough inside, and the wear resistance and safety of the composite roll sleeve are improved.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a view of a high chromium cast iron alloy composite roll according to preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view of a high chromium cast iron alloy composite roll according to preferred embodiment 2 of the present invention; and
FIG. 3 is a metallographic picture of a high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roll according to preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the present application, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a view of a high chromium cast iron alloy composite roll according to a preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a view of a high chromium cast iron alloy composite roll according to a preferred embodiment 2 of the present invention; FIG. 3 is the metallographic image of a high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roll according to preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the preparation method of the high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roll of the embodiment includes a roll shaft and a composite roll sleeve sleeved outside the roll shaft, and includes the following steps:
s1, preparing high-chromium cast iron alloy powder from the high-chromium cast iron alloy;
s2, preparing a sheath by using low-carbon steel, wherein a cavity for containing high-chromium cast iron alloy powder is formed inside the sheath;
s3, filling the cavity in the sheath with high-chromium cast iron alloy powder;
s4, vacuumizing the sheath with the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder to remove gas in the sheath;
s5, sealing the sheath after gas is pumped out by adopting electron beam welding;
s6, carrying out hot isostatic pressing treatment on the sealed sheath to sinter the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder to form a high-chromium cast iron alloy layer, and compounding the high-chromium cast iron alloy layer with the sheath to form a semi-finished composite roll sleeve;
s7, carrying out heat treatment on the composite roll sleeve semi-finished product;
s8, cooling the semi-finished product of the composite roll sleeve after heat treatment to room temperature, removing a sheath on the outer surface of the semi-finished product of the composite roll sleeve by turning to expose a high-chromium cast iron alloy layer to obtain a composite roll sleeve, and processing the composite roll sleeve according to the design specification and the specification of a rolled piece;
s9, assembling the composite roll sleeve and the roll shaft; obtaining the high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roll.
The preparation method of the high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roller comprises the following steps: respectively preparing high-chromium cast iron alloy powder and a low-carbon steel sheath, filling the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder into the sheath, vacuumizing and sealing the sheath containing the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder, performing hot isostatic pressing treatment to diffuse the sheath and the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder mutually, thermally compacting to form a composite roll sheath semi-finished product, performing heat treatment and turning to remove the sheath on the outer surface of the composite roll sheath semi-finished product to expose a high-chromium cast iron alloy layer, thus obtaining the composite roll sheath with the exposed high-chromium cast iron alloy layer combined with the low-carbon steel layer, and assembling the composite roll sheath and a roll shaft to obtain the high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roll. The transition layer is made of low-carbon steel and has the characteristics of low hardness, good toughness, good machinability and the like. The working layer is prepared from high-chromium cast iron alloy powder, and has the advantages of uniform structure, fine carbide grains, good form, excellent wear resistance and the like. In addition, the outer layer (working layer) of the composite roll sleeve is high-chromium cast iron alloy with high wear resistance and high red hardness, the inner layer (transition layer) of the composite roll sleeve is low-carbon steel with good toughness, the outer layer is hard and the inner layer is tough, and the wear resistance and the safety of the composite roll sleeve are improved.
In this example, the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder includes: 3.0 to 3.8 percent of C, 0.5 to 1.2 percent of Si, 0.3 to 0.8 percent of Mn, 18.0 to 28.0 percent of Cr, 1.0 to 3.0 percent of Mo, 2.0 to 9.0 percent of V, 0.2 to 2.0 percent of W and the balance of Fe, wherein the ratio of Cr to C is more than or equal to 3.5; the grain size of the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder is 25-95 mu m. The high-chromium cast iron alloy powder comprises: 3.0 to 3.8 percent of C, 0.5 to 1.2 percent of Si, 0.3 to 0.8 percent of Mn, 18.0 to 28.0 percent of Cr, 1.0 to 3.0 percent of Mo, 2.0 to 9.0 percent of V, 0.2 to 2.0 percent of W and the balance of Fe, wherein the ratio of Cr to C is more than or equal to 3.5. The high-chromium cast iron alloy powder is fine alloy powder obtained by atomizing high-chromium cast iron molten iron with high-pressure inert gas or high-pressure water, then pressing the fine alloy powder at high temperature and high pressure to form a shape, and sintering the shape to obtain the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder. The high-chromium cast iron alloy has the characteristics of high content, high purity, no segregation, fine carbide particles, isotropy, homogeneity and the like, so that the high-chromium cast iron alloy has excellent toughness and machinability, good red hardness, higher compressive strength and high wear resistance, and is widely applied to occasions of cutting machining and die abrasion with large impact load.
The working layer formed by the high-chromium cast iron alloy comprises a matrix and carbide, the microhardness (HV) of the carbide is 1300-1800, and the microhardness of the matrix in the metallographic structure of the working layer is HV 500-700. The high-chromium cast iron alloy has the advantages of wear resistance, high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, ensures that the chromium-carbon ratio exceeds 3.5, forms M7C3 type carbide in the high-chromium cast iron alloy, ensures that the microhardness of Cr7C3 carbide formed in the high-chromium cast iron alloy structure reaches HV 1300-1800, has very high wear resistance, and increases the volume fraction of the carbide by the high-carbon high-chromium content, thereby improving the wear resistance.
In this embodiment, the hot isostatic pressing process in step S6: the temperature is 1000-1200 ℃, the pressure is 120-140 MPa, and the heat preservation time is 2-4 h. After the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder and the low-carbon steel are subjected to hot isostatic pressing treatment, the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder and the low-carbon steel are sintered and mutually diffused under the action of high temperature and pressure, and metallurgical bonding is achieved. And the phenomena of coarse structure grains and uneven carbonization distribution of the cast high-chromium cast iron are improved, so that the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder has the characteristics of large amount of Cr7C3 carbide, no segregation, fine carbide particles, isotropy and the like, and the formed working layer has excellent toughness and machinability, good red hardness, higher compressive strength and high wear resistance. Preferably, the hot isostatic pressing process: the temperature is 1000-1200 ℃, the pressure is 120-140 MPa, and the heat preservation time is 2-4 h, so as to meet the requirement of sintering the high-chromium cast iron alloy and the low-carbon steel.
In this embodiment, the jacket includes a first jacket and a second jacket covering an outer surface of the first jacket. Seted up groove structure on first overcoat, groove structure encloses the synthetic cavity that is used for holding high chromium cast iron alloy powder with the second overcoat, and first overcoat tip is equipped with and is used for high chromium cast iron alloy powder to pour into the through-hole inside the canning and to bleeding to the canning inside. The sheath comprises a first sheath and a second sheath, the first sheath and the second sheath are nested together, the first sheath is provided with a groove structure, the groove structure and the second sheath enclose a synthetic cavity, the end part of the first sheath is also provided with a through hole, and high-chromium cast iron alloy powder is injected through the through hole and fills the whole cavity. Preferably, the first sheath is in clearance fit with the second sheath so that the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder completely covers the groove structure. And in the subsequent turning process, removing the second sheath to expose the high-chromium cast iron alloy layer, and finally combining the first sheath with the high-chromium cast iron alloy layer to form the composite roller sleeve. The first sheath and the second sheath are made of low-carbon steel.
The groove structure is used for bearing the high-chromium cast iron alloy, the contact area between the low-carbon steel and the high-chromium cast iron alloy is further increased, so that a simple single-side combination mode is changed into a three-side combination mode, and the structural stability between the composite layers is increased. After the hot isostatic pressing treatment, the low-carbon steel and the high-chromium cast iron alloy are mutually diffused and connected to form an integral structure.
As shown in fig. 1, preferably, a groove is formed in the low-carbon steel, the groove is covered with the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder correspondingly, and the surface area of the groove is 85% -95% of the external surface area of the low-carbon steel.
As shown in fig. 2, preferably, a plurality of grooves are uniformly formed in the low-carbon steel along the wall surface of the low-carbon steel, each groove is covered with high-chromium cast iron alloy powder, and the total surface area of the grooves is 85% -95% of the external surface area of the low-carbon steel. A plurality of grooves are uniformly formed in the low-carbon steel along the wall surface of the low-carbon steel, so that the contact area between the low-carbon steel and the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder is further increased, and the combination stability of the low-carbon steel and the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder is improved.
In this embodiment, the wall thickness of the second sheath is 3mm to 5mm. The depth of the groove structure is 30 mm-50 mm. The bottom thickness of the groove structure is 20 mm-30 mm. The wall thickness of the second sheath is 3 mm-5 mm, so that the second sheath can be removed conveniently in a turning process to expose the high-chromium cast iron alloy layer. The depth of the groove structure is 30 mm-50 mm, actually the thickness of the working layer, namely the thickness of the working layer is 30 mm-50 mm, and the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder can also be filled in the groove structure and exceed the depth of the groove structure, so that the thickness of the working layer is more than 30 mm-50 mm. The bottom thickness of the groove structure is 20 mm-30 mm, the bottom of the groove structure is used as a transition layer, and the thickness of the bottom of the groove is actually the thickness of the transition layer and is 20 mm-30 mm. The outer diameter, the inner diameter and the height of the first sheath and the second sheath are designed according to the size of a finished high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roll, the inner surface of the sheath needs to be cleaned, and oil stains, impurities, oxides and the like cannot exist, and the methods of polishing, cleaning, ultrasonic cleaning, acid cleaning, cleaning and the like can be adopted.
In this embodiment, the step S7 of performing heat treatment on the composite roll sleeve semi-finished product includes the following steps: s71, placing the semi-finished composite roll sleeve subjected to the hot isostatic pressing treatment in a furnace for annealing treatment, reducing the temperature to 400 ℃, discharging, and air cooling to room temperature; s72, placing the composite roll sleeve semi-finished product into a furnace for quenching treatment, discharging the composite roll sleeve after the temperature is reduced to 500 ℃, and air cooling or air cooling to room temperature; and S73, placing the semi-finished product of the composite roll sleeve into a furnace for tempering treatment, and air-cooling to room temperature. The annealing treatment aims at eliminating internal stress generated in the hot isostatic pressing sintering process, quenching to improve the internal structure of the high-chromium cast iron alloy layer, improving the hardness of the structure so as to improve the wear resistance, and tempering to eliminate the stress generated in the quenching process.
Preferably, the annealing treatment: the annealing temperature is 850-900 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3-5 h; quenching treatment: the quenching temperature is 1000-1100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-4 h; tempering treatment: the tempering temperature is 400-600 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3-5 h.
In this embodiment, the step S4 of vacuumizing includes placing the sheath in a vacuum chamber to vacuumize, wherein the vacuum degree inside the sheath is greater than or equal to 1 × 10 -2 Pa. After filling the cavity in the sheath with the high-chromium cast iron alloy, placing the high-chromium cast iron alloy in a vacuum box of an electric beam welding device for vacuumizing, and aiming at pumping away the high-chromium cast iron alloyAir between gold is required to be in a vacuum degree of 1X 10 -2 Pa or above.
In this embodiment, the low carbon steel includes one of Q235, 20 steel, or A3 carbon. The roll shaft adopts a 42CrMo forged steel shaft. The low-carbon steel has low price, good toughness, low hardness after quenching and easy processing, and the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder is combined with the low-carbon steel, so that the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder has hard outside and tough inside, good wear resistance (good service performance) and high safety. The core rod is a 42CrMo forged steel shaft, has high fatigue strength and good toughness, can be repeatedly used, and reduces the cost of the roller.
In this embodiment, the method further includes: after the composite roll sleeve and the roll shaft are assembled, hole grooves are machined in the surface of the composite roll sleeve according to the specification of a rolled piece, and the surface of each hole groove serves as a working surface, so that the high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roll is obtained.
Examples
Example 1
The preparation method of the high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roller comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing high-chromium cast iron alloy powder from the high-chromium cast iron alloy, wherein the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder comprises the following components: 3.5% of C, 0.8% of Si, 0.5% of Mn, 22% of Cr, 2% of Mo, 5% of V, 1% of W and the balance of Fe, wherein the particle size of the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder is 40 μm;
s2, a sheath made of 20 steel comprises a first sheath and a second sheath, the second sheath is sleeved on the outer surface of the first sheath, the outer diameter phi 390mm, the inner diameter phi 260mm and the height 680mm of the first sheath are provided, the outer diameter phi 397mm, the inner diameter phi 392mm and the height 680mm of the second sheath are provided with a groove structure, the depth of the groove structure is 80mm, the groove structure and the second sheath enclose a cavity for containing high-chromium cast iron alloy powder, the end part of the first sheath is provided with a through hole for injecting the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder into the sheath and exhausting air from the interior of the sheath, and the diameter of the through hole is 10mm;
s3, enabling high-chromium cast iron alloy powder to enter the sheath through the through holes and filling a cavity in the sheath;
s4, placing the sheath with the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder in a vacuum box for vacuumizing to remove gas in the sheath, so that the vacuum degree in the sheath is 110 -2 Pa or above;
s5, welding the first sheath and the second sheath seal by adopting an electron beam, and welding the through hole seal;
s6, carrying out hot isostatic pressing treatment on the sealed sheath, wherein the temperature is 1150 ℃, the pressure is 130MPa, and the heat preservation time is 3h, so that the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder is sintered to form a high-chromium cast iron alloy layer, and the high-chromium cast iron alloy layer and the sheath are compounded to form a composite roll sleeve semi-finished product;
s7, carrying out heat treatment on the composite roller sleeve semi-finished product, wherein the annealing temperature is 890 ℃, the heat preservation time is 4h, the temperature is reduced to 400 ℃, discharging, air cooling to room temperature, placing the composite roller sleeve semi-finished product in a furnace for quenching treatment, the quenching temperature is 1050 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3h, the temperature is reduced to 500 ℃, discharging, air cooling or air cooling to room temperature, placing the composite roller sleeve semi-finished product in the furnace for tempering treatment, the tempering temperature is 500 ℃, the heat preservation time is 4h, and air cooling to room temperature;
s8, removing the second sheath in the semi-finished product of the composite roll sleeve by turning to expose the high-chromium cast iron alloy layer to obtain the composite roll sleeve, and processing the composite roll sleeve according to the design specification and the specification of a rolled piece;
and S9, assembling the composite roll sleeve and the roll shaft to obtain the high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roll.
Example 2
The preparation method of the high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roller comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing high-chromium cast iron alloy powder from the high-chromium cast iron alloy, wherein the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder comprises the following components: 3.8% of C, 1% of Si, 0.8% of Mn, 28.0% of Cr, 3.0% of Mo, 7.0% of V, 2.0% of W and the balance of Fe, wherein the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder has a particle size of 50 μm;
s2, a sheath made of 20 steel is adopted, the sheath comprises a first sheath and a second sheath, the first sheath is sleeved on the outer surface of the first sheath, the outer diameter phi 390mm, the inner diameter phi 260mm and the height 680mm of the first sheath are provided, the outer diameter phi 397mm, the inner diameter phi 392mm and the height 680mm of the second sheath are provided with a groove structure, the groove structure is uniformly provided with 12 grooves along the wall surface of the first sheath, the depth of the groove structure is 80mm, the groove structure and the second sheath enclose and synthesize a cavity for containing high-chromium cast iron alloy powder, the end part of the first sheath is provided with a through hole for injecting the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder into the sheath and exhausting air from the interior of the sheath, and the diameter of the through hole is 10mm;
s3, enabling high-chromium cast iron alloy powder to enter the sheath through the through holes and filling a cavity in the sheath;
s4, placing the sheath with the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder in a vacuum box for vacuumizing to remove gas in the sheath, so that the vacuum degree in the sheath is 1 x 10 -2 Pa is above;
s5, welding the first sheath and the second sheath seal by adopting an electron beam, and welding the through hole seal;
s6, carrying out hot isostatic pressing treatment on the sealed sheath, wherein the temperature is 1200 ℃, the pressure is 120MPa, and the heat preservation time is 4h, so that the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder is sintered to form a high-chromium cast iron alloy layer, and the high-chromium cast iron alloy layer and the sheath are compounded to form a composite roll sleeve semi-finished product;
s7, carrying out heat treatment on the composite roll sleeve semi-finished product, wherein the annealing temperature is 850 ℃, the heat preservation time is 5 hours, the temperature is reduced to 400 ℃, discharging, air cooling to room temperature, placing the composite roll sleeve semi-finished product in a furnace for quenching treatment, the quenching temperature is 1100 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3 hours, the temperature is reduced to 500 ℃, discharging, air cooling or air cooling to room temperature, placing the composite roll sleeve semi-finished product in the furnace for tempering treatment, the tempering temperature is 600 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3 hours, and air cooling to room temperature;
s8, removing the second sheath in the semi-finished product of the composite roll sleeve by turning to expose the high-chromium cast iron alloy layer to obtain the composite roll sleeve, and processing the composite roll sleeve according to the design specification and the specification of a rolled piece;
and S9, assembling the composite roll sleeve and the roll shaft to obtain the high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roll.
Comparative example 1
Roller for rolling
S1, melting a high-chromium cast iron material with the same chemical composition as that in the embodiment 1 into high-chromium cast iron molten iron, and carrying out deslagging and modification treatment;
s2, smelting the nodular cast iron material into nodular cast iron molten iron;
s3, when the temperature is reduced to 1400 ℃, injecting the high-chromium cast iron molten iron into a horizontal centrifugal mold to mold and complete the casting of the working layer;
s4, closing the die, and when the temperature is reduced to 1350 ℃, injecting the nodular cast iron molten iron into the die cavity to complete core shaft casting to obtain a blank of the forming roller;
and S5, tempering the blank at a low temperature of 530 ℃ for 10 hours, and then machining to obtain the roller.
The shore hardness, impact toughness and density were measured for example 1, example 2 and comparative example 1, and the measurement results are shown in table 1.
Table 1 results of performance testing
The performance of the high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roll of the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 is obviously superior to that of the roll of the comparative example 1, the impact toughness is obviously higher than that of the comparative example 1, the wear resistance is high, and the use frequency of the high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roll is increased.
The metallographic structure of the working layer of the high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roll according to example 1 is shown in fig. 3. The small white particles in the gold phase diagram are carbides, the others are matrixes, and the gold phase diagram shows that a large number of high-hardness Cr7C3 carbides with fine particles are uniformly distributed on a tempered martensite matrix structure, the microhardness of the carbides reaches HV 1300-1800, the carbides have good wear resistance, and the volume fraction of the carbides reaches 30% -40%, so that the structure (material) has good wear resistance.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roller comprises a roller shaft and a composite roller sleeve sleeved outside the roller shaft, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, preparing high-chromium cast iron alloy powder from the high-chromium cast iron alloy;
s2, preparing a sheath by using low-carbon steel, wherein the sheath comprises a first sheath and a second sheath sleeved on the outer surface of the first sheath; the first sheath is provided with a groove structure, the groove structure and the second sheath enclose a cavity for containing high-chromium cast iron alloy powder, and the end part of the first sheath is provided with a through hole for injecting the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder into the sheath and exhausting air from the interior of the sheath;
s3, filling the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder into the cavity in the sheath;
s4, vacuumizing the sheath with the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder to remove gas in the sheath;
s5, sealing the sheath after gas is pumped out by adopting electron beam welding;
s6, carrying out hot isostatic pressing treatment on the sealed sheath to sinter the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder to form a high-chromium cast iron alloy layer, and compounding the high-chromium cast iron alloy layer with the sheath to form a composite roll sleeve semi-finished product;
s7, carrying out heat treatment on the composite roll sleeve semi-finished product;
s8, cooling the semi-finished product of the composite roll sleeve after heat treatment to room temperature, removing a sheath on the outer surface of the semi-finished product of the composite roll sleeve by turning to expose the high-chromium cast iron alloy layer to obtain the composite roll sleeve, and processing the composite roll sleeve according to the design specification and the specification of a rolled piece;
and S9, assembling the composite roll sleeve and the roll shaft to obtain the high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roll.
2. The method for preparing the high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roll according to claim 1,
the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder includes: 3.0 to 3.8 percent of C, 0.5 to 1.2 percent of Si, 0.3 to 0.8 percent of Mn, 18.0 to 28.0 percent of Cr, 1.0 to 3.0 percent of Mo, 2.0 to 9.0 percent of V, 0.2 to 2.0 percent of W and the balance of Fe, wherein the ratio of Cr to C is more than or equal to 3.5;
the particle size of the high-chromium cast iron alloy powder is 25-95 mu m.
3. The method for preparing a high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roll according to claim 2,
the hot isostatic pressing treatment process in the step S6: the temperature is 1000-1200 ℃, the pressure is 120-140 MPa, and the heat preservation time is 2-4 h.
4. The method for preparing the high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roll according to claim 1,
the wall thickness of the second sheath is 3 mm-5 mm;
the depth of the groove structure is 30 mm-50 mm;
the bottom thickness of the groove structure is 20 mm-30 mm.
5. The method for preparing a high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roll according to claim 4,
the step S7 of carrying out heat treatment on the composite roll sleeve semi-finished product comprises the following steps:
s71, placing the composite roll sleeve semi-finished product subjected to the hot isostatic pressing treatment in a furnace for annealing treatment, reducing the temperature to 400 ℃, discharging, and air cooling to room temperature;
s72, placing the composite roll sleeve semi-finished product into a furnace for quenching treatment, discharging the composite roll sleeve after the temperature is reduced to 500 ℃, and air cooling or air cooling to room temperature;
and S73, placing the composite roll sleeve semi-finished product in a furnace for tempering treatment, and air-cooling to room temperature.
6. The method for preparing a high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roll according to claim 5,
the annealing treatment comprises the following steps: the annealing temperature is 850-900 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3-5 h;
the quenching treatment comprises the following steps: the quenching temperature is 1000-1100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-4 h;
the tempering treatment comprises the following steps: the tempering temperature is 400-600 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3-5 h.
7. The method for preparing the high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roll according to claim 1,
the step S4 of vacuumizing comprises the step of putting the sheath into a vacuum box for vacuumizing, wherein the vacuum degree inside the sheath is more than or equal to 1 x 10 - 2 Pa。
8. The method for preparing the high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roll according to claim 1,
the low carbon steel comprises one of Q235, 20 steel or A3 carbon;
the roll shaft is a 42CrMo forged steel shaft.
9. The method for preparing the high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roll according to claim 1,
further comprising: after the composite roll sleeve and the roll shaft are assembled, a hole groove is processed on the surface of the composite roll sleeve according to the specification of a rolled piece, and the surface of the hole groove is used as a working surface, so that the high-chromium cast iron alloy composite roll is obtained.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN2034880U (en) * | 1988-05-28 | 1989-03-29 | 陈长顺 | High chromium combined cast iron roller |
| JP4230025B2 (en) * | 1998-11-13 | 2009-02-25 | 山陽特殊製鋼株式会社 | Clad mold for hot press and manufacturing method thereof |
| JP2007175736A (en) * | 2005-12-28 | 2007-07-12 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Composite roll for rolling and its production method |
| CN203526201U (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2014-04-09 | 三鑫重工机械有限公司 | Combined roller |
| CN103993220B (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2016-03-09 | 邢台正锟机械轧辊有限公司 | A kind of Hypoeutectic high-chromium white cast iron roll and preparation method |
| CN105108148B (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-12-08 | 无锡飞而康新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of roll production method and the roll using this method production |
| CN105154737B (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2017-04-26 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Vanadium, chrome and titanium alloy plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN105537274B (en) * | 2016-02-17 | 2017-06-06 | 安泰科技股份有限公司 | The collars for preparing the method for milling train collars and being prepared using the method |
| CN108284228A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-07-17 | 北京汇越新材料科技有限公司 | It is a kind of based on the double screw extruder of the heat and other static pressuring processes preparation method of compound whole bushing |
| CN108247063A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-07-06 | 北京汇越新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of composite bimetal pipe material preparation method based on heat and other static pressuring processes |
| CN109898021A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-06-18 | 湖南三泰新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of compound high-vanadium high-speed steel roller set of hot rolling bimetallic |
| CN111074201A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-28 | 铜陵市明诚铸造有限责任公司 | Treatment process for enhancing heat cracking resistance of working layer of cast iron roller |
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Denomination of invention: Preparation method of high chromium cast iron alloy composite rolling rolls Granted publication date: 20230407 Pledgee: China Construction Bank Co.,Ltd. Loudi branch Pledgor: HUNAN 3T NEW MATERIAL Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2021430000063 |
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