CN112605098A - Photovoltaic module recycling method - Google Patents
Photovoltaic module recycling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112605098A CN112605098A CN202011376809.6A CN202011376809A CN112605098A CN 112605098 A CN112605098 A CN 112605098A CN 202011376809 A CN202011376809 A CN 202011376809A CN 112605098 A CN112605098 A CN 112605098A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/82—Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a recovery method of a photovoltaic assembly, the photovoltaic assembly comprises a metal frame and a junction box, and the method comprises the following steps: splitting the photovoltaic assembly to obtain a metal frame, a junction box and a component to be recovered, wherein the component to be recovered is the other component except the metal frame and the junction box in the photovoltaic assembly; cutting the component to be recovered by adopting pulse water to obtain a crushing component; and sorting the crushing components to obtain various valuable components. The recovery method adopts the pulse in-water crushing technology to realize selective separation of the retired photovoltaic module, no dust, waste gas and waste water are generated in the recovery process, no chemical reagent is needed, the energy consumption is reduced, the recovery efficiency is improved, and secondary production is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of retired photovoltaic module recovery, in particular to a photovoltaic module recovery method.
Background
Solar energy is clean renewable energy, the development and the use of the solar energy are important development directions and industrial layouts of energy industries in China, and the installed photovoltaic capacity and the generated energy of China are the first global energy for years continuously. The service life of the photovoltaic module is 20-30 years, and the photovoltaic power generation is rapidly developed and simultaneously faces the difficult problems of aging and decommissioning of the photovoltaic module and recycling. How to carry out innocent treatment and resource recovery on retired photovoltaic modules has become a hot problem concerned by the international industrial and environmental communities.
The retired photovoltaic module contains photovoltaic glass, an aluminum frame, a battery piece, an EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) film, a junction box, a photovoltaic back plate and precious metals such as ruthenium, gallium, indium and tellurium, and has considerable economic benefits in resource recycling. International renewable energy agency studies have shown that by 2050 its recovery value will exceed $ 150 billion.
However, most of the retired photovoltaic modules are only treated by landfill, and the recycling method is limited to mechanical treatment, chemical treatment and thermal treatment. The mechanical treatment mode has simple flow and low cost, but different components of the photovoltaic module can not be effectively separated, thereby causing resource waste. The chemical treatment mode and the heat treatment mode have high separation efficiency, can obtain complete battery pieces, but have the environmental risk of waste water/gas/liquid discharge, and the chemical treatment mode needs to consume a large amount of chemical reagents and has higher energy consumption.
In summary, the retired photovoltaic module has a high recycling value, but a clean, efficient and economical new recycling method is needed at present.
The above information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the technology described herein and, therefore, certain information may be included in the background that does not form the prior art that is already known in this country to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The main purpose of the present application is to provide a photovoltaic module recycling method to solve the problem in the prior art that the photovoltaic module cannot be recycled cleanly, efficiently and economically.
According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a method for recycling a photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module including a metal frame and a junction box, the method including: splitting a photovoltaic assembly to obtain the metal frame, the junction box and a component to be recovered, wherein the component to be recovered is the other component except the metal frame and the junction box in the photovoltaic assembly; cutting the component to be recovered by adopting pulse water to obtain a crushing component; and sorting the crushing components to obtain various valuable components.
Optionally, after the assembly to be recovered is cut by using the pulse water to obtain a crushing assembly, before the crushing assembly is sorted to obtain a plurality of valuable components, the method further comprises: and drying the crushing assembly.
Optionally, during the drying of the crushing assembly, the drying temperature is less than or equal to 100 ℃.
Optionally, after the assembly to be recovered is cut by using pulsed water to obtain a crushing assembly, the method further comprises:
and filtering the pulse water to obtain circulating water, wherein the circulating water is used for forming the pulse water.
Optionally, the valuable components include glass, crystalline silicon, metals, and high polymers.
Optionally, after classifying the crushing assembly to obtain the valuable components, the method further comprises: and reprocessing the valuable components to obtain the solar cell.
Optionally, sorting the fragmentation component to obtain a plurality of valuable components, including: and physically separating the crushing component by adopting an air separation method to obtain various valuable components.
In the embodiment of the invention, in the recovery method of the photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module is firstly split to obtain the metal frame, the junction box and the component to be recovered, the component to be recovered is other components except the metal frame and the junction box in the photovoltaic module, then the component to be recovered is cut by adopting pulse water to obtain a crushing component, and finally the crushing component is sorted to obtain various valuable components. The recovery method adopts the pulse in-water crushing technology to realize selective separation of the retired photovoltaic module, no dust, waste gas and waste water are generated in the recovery process, no chemical reagent is needed, the energy consumption is reduced, the recovery efficiency is improved, and secondary production is facilitated.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a flow diagram of a method of recycling a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module recycling cycle according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It should be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that embodiments of the application described herein may be used. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
It will be understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Also, in the specification and claims, when an element is described as being "connected" to another element, the element may be "directly connected" to the other element or "connected" to the other element through a third element.
As mentioned in the background of the invention, there is no way in the prior art to achieve clean, efficient and economical recycling of photovoltaic modules, and to solve the above problems, in an exemplary embodiment of the present application, a method for recycling photovoltaic modules is provided.
According to an embodiment of the application, a method for recycling a photovoltaic assembly is provided, and the photovoltaic assembly comprises a metal frame and a junction box.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method of recycling a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the steps of:
step S101, splitting a photovoltaic assembly to obtain the metal frame, the junction box and a component to be recovered, wherein the component to be recovered is the other component except the metal frame and the junction box in the photovoltaic assembly;
step S102, cutting the component to be recovered by adopting pulse water to obtain a crushing component;
and step S103, sorting the crushing assemblies to obtain various valuable components.
According to the photovoltaic module recovery method, firstly, a photovoltaic module is split to obtain the metal frame, the junction box and a component to be recovered, the component to be recovered is the other components except the metal frame and the junction box in the photovoltaic module, then, pulse water is adopted to cut the component to be recovered to obtain a crushing component, and finally, the crushing component is sorted to obtain various valuable components. The recovery method adopts the pulse in-water crushing technology to realize selective separation of the retired photovoltaic module, no dust, waste gas and waste water are generated in the recovery process, no chemical reagent is needed, the energy consumption is reduced, the recovery efficiency is improved, and secondary production is facilitated.
The metal frame and the junction box obtained by splitting the photovoltaic module are subjected to state evaluation, the metal frame and the junction box which are not completely damaged are repaired and secondarily produced, and the metal frame and the junction box which cannot be repaired are scrapped according to national regulations.
In an embodiment of the present application, after the assembly to be recovered is cut by using pulsed water to obtain a crushing assembly, before the crushing assembly is sorted to obtain a plurality of valuable components, the method further includes: and drying the crushing assembly. Specifically, dry above-mentioned broken subassembly, and the stoving process should be in the airtight environment of no wind in order to reduce the loss and avoid dust pollution simultaneously to follow-up carry out further processing to broken subassembly.
In an embodiment of the application, during the drying process of the crushing assembly, the drying temperature is less than or equal to 100 ℃. In particular, the drying temperature is less than or equal to 100 ℃ to ensure that the properties of the recoverable component are not altered.
In an embodiment of the present application, after the assembly to be recovered is cut by using pulsed water to obtain a crushing assembly, the method further includes: and filtering the pulse water to obtain circulating water, wherein the circulating water is used for forming the pulse water. Specifically, the pulse water is recycled by adopting the method, so that the water consumption is reduced, and the cost of the recycling method is reduced, and in addition, the pulse water adopts tap water with the pH value of 6-9, so that the cost of the recycling method is further reduced.
In one embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned valuable components include glass, crystalline silicon, metal, and high polymer. Specifically, the metal comprises metal powder and a bus bar, the high polymer comprises an EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) adhesive film and a back plate, and the glass, the crystalline silicon, the metal and the high polymer can be recycled, for example, the crystalline silicon can be used for manufacturing a silicon wafer.
In an embodiment of the present application, after classifying the crushing assembly to obtain the valuable components, the method further comprises: and (4) reprocessing the valuable components to obtain the solar cell. Specifically, glass, crystal silicon, metal and high polymer are reprocessed to obtain a solar cell panel, and the solar cell panel, the metal frame and the junction box can be secondarily produced to obtain the photovoltaic module.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 2, the decommissioned photovoltaic module is split to obtain a metal frame, a junction box and a component to be recovered, the component to be recovered is cut by pulse water generated by a high-pressure water gun to obtain a broken component, the high-pressure water gun comprises a high-pressure pulse power supply and a water tank, the broken component is dried at a constant temperature and then sorted to obtain glass, crystalline silicon, metal and high polymer, the glass, crystalline silicon, metal and high polymer are reprocessed to obtain a silicon wafer, the silicon wafer is reused to obtain a solar cell, and the solar cell, the metal frame and the junction box are assembled to obtain the photovoltaic module, so that a photovoltaic module recovery cycle is formed.
In an embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned broken subassembly is sorted, obtains multiple valuable component, includes: and (3) carrying out physical separation on the crushing components by adopting an air separation method to obtain various valuable components. Specifically, due to the density difference between the valuable components, the physical separation is realized by the air separation method to obtain a plurality of valuable components, of course, the separation method is not limited to air separation, and other gravity separation methods can be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual conditions.
In one embodiment of the present application, the size of the crushing assembly is less than or equal to 100cm2. In particular, the size of the above-mentioned crushing group is less than or equal to 100cm, since it is difficult to sort large groups2The difficulty of sorting can be reduced, and the recovery efficiency is improved.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects:
according to the photovoltaic module recovery method, firstly, the photovoltaic module is split to obtain the metal frame, the junction box and the component to be recovered, the component to be recovered is other components except the metal frame and the junction box in the photovoltaic module, then the component to be recovered is cut by adopting pulse water to obtain a crushing component, and finally the crushing component is sorted to obtain various valuable components. The recovery method adopts the pulse in-water crushing technology to realize selective separation of the retired photovoltaic module, no dust, waste gas and waste water are generated in the recovery process, no chemical reagent is needed, the energy consumption is reduced, the recovery efficiency is improved, and secondary production is facilitated.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A method for recycling a photovoltaic module, wherein the photovoltaic module comprises a metal frame and a junction box, the method comprising:
splitting a photovoltaic assembly to obtain the metal frame, the junction box and a component to be recovered, wherein the component to be recovered is the other component except the metal frame and the junction box in the photovoltaic assembly;
cutting the component to be recovered by adopting pulse water to obtain a crushing component;
and sorting the crushing components to obtain various valuable components.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein after the obtaining of the crushed assembly by cutting the assembly to be recovered with the pulsed water, before the sorting of the crushed assembly to obtain the plurality of valuable components, the method further comprises:
and drying the crushing assembly.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein during the drying of the crushing assembly, a drying temperature is less than or equal to 100 ℃.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein after cutting the component to be recovered with pulsed water to obtain a crushed component, the method further comprises:
and filtering the pulse water to obtain circulating water, wherein the circulating water is used for forming the pulse water.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the valuable component includes glass, crystalline silicon, metals, and polymers.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein after classifying the crushing assembly for valuable components, the method further comprises:
and reprocessing the valuable components to obtain the solar cell.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the crushing assembly is sorted to obtain a plurality of valuable components, comprising:
and physically separating the crushing component by adopting an air separation method to obtain various valuable components.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the size of the crushing assembly is less than or equal to 100cm2。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011376809.6A CN112605098A (en) | 2020-11-30 | 2020-11-30 | Photovoltaic module recycling method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011376809.6A CN112605098A (en) | 2020-11-30 | 2020-11-30 | Photovoltaic module recycling method |
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| CN112605098A true CN112605098A (en) | 2021-04-06 |
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| CN115254901A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-11-01 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Photovoltaic module recovery system and method combined with thermal power plant |
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Application publication date: 20210406 |