CN112600458A - Heat-storage temperature-regulation friction nano generator based on phase-change material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Heat-storage temperature-regulation friction nano generator based on phase-change material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
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- D01D5/003—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material the material being a polymer solution or dispersion
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- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
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- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
- D01D5/0092—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the electrical field, e.g. combined with a magnetic fields, using biased or alternating fields
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- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
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- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
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- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
- D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
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Abstract
The invention discloses a phase-change-material-based heat-storage temperature-regulating friction nano generator and a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, through the combined operation of the triboelectric material and the phase-change material, the mechanical energy wasted in the environment, the environmental heat energy and the heat energy generated by friction are effectively recycled and utilized, and the high-efficiency heat management capabilities of heat storage, temperature regulation and temperature control are given to the friction nano generator while the performance of the friction nano generator is optimized and the energy utilization rate is improved, so that the durability, reliability and comfort level of the generator are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of friction nano generators, and particularly relates to a heat storage and temperature adjustment friction nano generator based on a phase-change material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The friction nano generator can efficiently convert irregular low-frequency mechanical energy into electric energy, and once the friction nano generator is published, the friction nano generator draws strong attention in the field of nano energy sources, and particularly has wide application prospects in the fields of wearable power sources, self-powered sensing, electronic skins and the like. However, the friction nano-generator cannot avoid energy loss caused by friction heat generation during operation, and greatly affects the electrical output, durability and reliability of the friction nano-generator. Relevant studies (adv. Mater. Technol. 3 (2018) 1800166, Smart Mater. struct. 25 (2016) 125007, Nano Energy 39 (2017) 524-: the thermoelectric generator is introduced to collect heat energy generated by friction in the operation of the friction nano generator, so that the overall electrical output of the power generation device can be improved. However, the introduction of the thermoelectric generator leads to a complex device structure, a complex manufacturing process, an increased cost and no wearable property; and still does not eliminate the negative effects of temperature rise caused by frictional heat generation on device durability and reliability.
The phase-change material is used as a heat energy storage material, can absorb and store a large amount of heat in a latent heat form, has almost unchanged self temperature, and has the four prominent characteristics of temperature regulation, temperature control, energy storage and energy conservation; in addition, the phase change material has the advantages of no color, no odor, no toxicity, low price and the like, is widely applied to the fields of diet daily life, communication power, aerospace, military and the like, and is considered to be one of the materials with the most development potential in the future. How to eliminate the negative influence of temperature rise caused by frictional heat generation on the durability and reliability of the device mainly relates to the heat dissipation problem of the device. The current research (nat. Commun. 11 (2020) 3530, Science 364 (2019) 760-. If the phase-change material is applied to the friction nano generator, the mechanical energy wasted in the environment and the heat energy generated by friction can be effectively recycled and utilized through the combined operation of the triboelectric material and the phase-change material; the energy utilization rate is improved, the durability and the reliability of the friction nano generator device are improved, and meanwhile, the high-efficiency heat management capabilities of heat storage, temperature adjustment and temperature control are given to the friction nano generator device. However, to date, there have been few reports on the related studies of applying phase change materials to the field of triboelectric nanogenerators.
For example, patent CN 111676597 a discloses a method for preparing a friction nano-generator based on an electrospinning technology, wherein the electrospun polymer-based nanofiber membrane has the characteristics of light weight, ultra-strong flexibility, and the like, so that the electrospun polymer-based nanofiber membrane becomes an excellent technology for preparing the friction nano-generator.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the key technical problem of providing a heat-storage temperature-regulating friction nanometer generator based on a phase-change material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the heat-storage temperature-regulating friction nanometer generator based on the phase-change material can effectively recover and utilize mechanical energy, environmental heat energy and heat energy generated by friction wasted in the environment; the negative influence of temperature rise caused by frictional heat generation on the durability and reliability of the device is eliminated, and the device is endowed with high-efficiency heat management capabilities of heat storage, temperature adjustment and temperature control.
Based on the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a heat-storage temperature-regulation friction nanometer generator based on a phase-change material is composed of a conductive elastic fabric and a heat-storage temperature-regulation skin-core nanometer fiber film arranged on the conductive elastic fabric; the heat-storage temperature-regulating skin-core nanofiber membrane is prepared by adopting a coaxial electrostatic spinning process; wherein the sheath material is polyvinylidene fluoride series polymer or polyacrylonitrile series polymer, and the core material is one or a mixture of more than two of normal alkane phase-change materials, acrylic acid normal alkyl ester and methacrylic acid normal alkyl ester phase-change materials in any proportion.
Further, the conductive elastic fabric is a commercial silver-plated fiber four-side stretch knitted fabric provided by Suzhou Tak silver fiber technologies, Inc.;
the fabric is coded as SCN019, the specification is 36D +30D weft-knitted fabric silver plating, the weave structure is weft-knitted four-side stretch, and the fabric is composed of 75 wt.% of silver fibers and 25 wt.% of spandex.
Further, the polyvinylidene fluoride series polymers include, but are not limited to, polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene;
the polyacrylonitrile series polymers include, but are not limited to, polyacrylonitrile-vinylidene chloride;
the skin polymer is required to remove moisture adsorbed in the skin polymer before use.
Further, the normal alkane has a general formula of CnH2n+2The general formula of the n-alkyl acrylate is CH2=CH-COOCnH2n+1The general formula of n-alkyl methacrylate is CH2=C(CH3)-COOCnH2n+1；n=9~50。
Further, when the core material is two or three of n-alkane phase change materials, n-alkyl acrylate and n-alkyl methacrylate phase change materials, the mass ratio of any one core material is more than 10 wt% of the total mass of the core material.
The thickness of the conductive elastic fabric is 0.27 mm-0.29 mm, and the thickness of the skin-core nanofiber membrane is 42 micrometers-83 micrometers.
The preparation method of the heat-storage temperature-regulation friction nanometer generator based on the phase-change material comprises the following steps:
1) dissolving polyvinylidene fluoride series polymer inN,N-dimethyl formamide and acetone, or polyacrylonitrile series polymer is dissolved inN,N-dimethylformamide to obtain a skin material spinning solution;
2) at least one of n-alkane, n-alkyl acrylate and n-alkyl methacrylate with n = 9-17 existing in a liquid form at room temperature is uniformly mixed without an additional solvent and directly used as a core material spinning solution;
or at least one of n-alkane, acrylic acid n-alkyl ester and methacrylic acid n-alkyl ester with n being more than or equal to 18 is dissolved in toluene to obtain core material spinning solution;
3) respectively transferring the skin material spinning solution and the core material spinning solution into two injectors, performing electrostatic spinning by using a coaxial needle head by using a conductive elastic fabric as a receiving substrate under the conditions that the spinning voltage is 12-25 kV, the advancing speed of the skin material spinning solution is 0.5-1.5 mL/h, the advancing speed of the core material spinning solution is 0.1-1.0 mL/h, the receiving distance is 10-30 cm, the environmental temperature is 25-35 ℃, and the humidity is 28-40%;
4) the nanofiber membrane taking the conductive elastic fabric as a receiving substrate is cut into a specific shape, and the induction electrode end of the lower conductive elastic fabric is led out by using a conductive copper adhesive tape, so that the heat storage temperature-regulating friction nano generator based on the phase-change material is obtained.
Wherein the concentration of the polyvinylidene fluoride series polymer skin material spinning solution in the step 1) is 19-24 wt.%, and the concentration of the polyacrylonitrile series polymer skin material spinning solution is 20-28 wt.%; the above-mentionedN,NIn a compound solvent of dimethylformamide and acetone,N,N-the mass ratio of dimethylformamide to acetone is 6: 4; when toluene is used as a solvent in the step 2), the concentration of the core material spinning solution is 30-50 wt.%.
The solvent in step 1) and step 2)N,N-dimethylformamide, acetone and toluene without additional treatment.
Further, the receiving device is a roller or a flat plate.
Further, the conductive copper tape is a commercial double-conductive copper foil tape with a thickness of 0.065 mm and a temperature resistance of 130 ℃ and with double conductive surfaces.
The specific shape in the step 4) can be cut at will according to the practical application condition.
The invention provides an application of a heat-storage temperature-regulation friction nano generator based on a phase-change material.
The effective benefits of the invention are:
1) through the combined operation of the triboelectric material and the phase-change material, the mechanical energy wasted in the environment, the environmental heat energy and the heat energy generated by friction are effectively recycled and utilized; the durability and the reliability of the friction nanometer generator device are improved while the energy utilization rate is improved, and the heat storage, temperature adjustment and temperature control efficient heat management capacity is given to the friction nanometer generator device.
2) The method has simple preparation process and easy operation.
3) The heat-storage temperature-regulating friction nano generator prepared by the invention can regulate and control the microclimate of an application place and provide a comfortable environment.
4) The heat-storage temperature-regulating friction nano generator has excellent wearable characteristics and has great potential application value in the fields of wearable electronic devices, intelligent skins, intelligent clothes and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat-storage temperature-regulating friction nano-generator prepared by a coaxial electrostatic spinning technology;
FIG. 2 is a transmission electron micrograph of the sheath-core nanofiber of example 4;
FIG. 3 is a DSC spectrum of the skin-core nanofiber membrane of example 4;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of an experimental setup for collecting frictional heat energy and studying thermal management capability of a heat-storage temperature-adjustment frictional nano-generator;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the temperature change with time during the rubbing process of the friction nano-generator obtained in example 4 and comparative example 1;
fig. 6 is an open circuit voltage output of the heat-storage temperature-regulating friction nanogenerator obtained in example 4 when the nanogenerator is rubbed with different materials.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
In the following examples, the conductive elastic fabric was a commercial silver-plated fiber four-side stretch knitted fabric provided by tack silver fiber technologies, su zhou;
the fabric is coded as SCN019, the specification is 36D +30D weft-knitted fabric silver plating, the weave structure is weft-knitted four-side elastic fabric, the components of the weft-knitted four-side elastic fabric are 75% of silver fibers and 25% of spandex, and the thickness of the weft-knitted four-side elastic fabric is 0.27 mm-0.29 mm.
The conductive copper adhesive tape is a Mileqi autohension double-conductive copper foil purchased from Shenzhen Shangqi adhesive product Limited company, and has the model of 5 mm in width, 50 m in length, 0.065 mm in thickness and temperature resistance of up to 130 ℃.
Example 1
The preparation process of the heat-storage temperature-regulation friction nanometer generator based on the phase-change material (as shown in figure 1) comprises the following steps:
1) dissolving polyvinylidene fluoride inN,N-preparing a skin material spinning solution with a concentration of 20 wt.% in a compound solvent of dimethylformamide and acetone;
wherein, theN,NIn a compound solvent of dimethylformamide and acetone,N,N-the mass ratio of dimethylformamide to acetone is 6: 4;
before the polyvinylidene fluoride is used, the polyvinylidene fluoride needs to be dried for 6 hours in vacuum at the temperature of 100 ℃ so as to remove the water absorbed in the polyvinylidene fluoride;
2) n-heptadecane existing in a liquid form at room temperature is directly used as a core material spinning solution;
3) respectively transferring the skin material spinning solution and the core material spinning solution into two injectors, and under the conditions that the spinning voltage is 12 kV, the advancing speed of the skin material spinning solution is 1.0 mL/h, the advancing speed of the core material spinning solution is 0.1 mL/h and the receiving distance is 15 cm, taking the conductive elastic fabric as a receiving substrate, and carrying out electrostatic spinning by using a coaxial needle (as shown in figure 1);
wherein the coaxial electrostatic spinning receiving time is 30 min;
4) cutting a nanofiber membrane (the thickness is about 45 mu m) taking the conductive elastic fabric as a receiving substrate into a specific shape, and leading out an induction electrode end of the lower conductive elastic fabric by using a conductive copper adhesive tape to obtain the heat-storage temperature-regulating friction nano generator based on the phase-change material.
Example 2
The preparation process of the heat-storage temperature-regulation friction nanometer generator based on the phase-change material comprises the following steps:
1) dissolving polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene inN,N-preparing a skin material spinning solution with a concentration of 22 wt.% in a compound solvent of dimethylformamide and acetone;
wherein, theN,NIn a compound solvent of dimethylformamide and acetone,N,N-the mass ratio of dimethylformamide to acetone is 6: 4;
before the polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene is used, the polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene is required to be dried for 6 hours in vacuum at the temperature of 100 ℃ so as to remove moisture adsorbed in the polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene;
2) a mixture of cetyl methacrylate and tetradecyl acrylate existing in a liquid form at room temperature is used as a core material spinning solution;
wherein the mass ratio of the hexadecyl methacrylate to the tetradecyl acrylate is 70: 30;
3) respectively transferring the skin material spinning solution and the core material spinning solution into two injectors, and under the conditions that the spinning voltage is 16 kV, the advancing speed of the skin material spinning solution is 1.0 mL/h, the advancing speed of the core material spinning solution is 0.5 mL/h and the receiving distance is 20 cm, taking the conductive elastic fabric as a receiving substrate, and carrying out electrostatic spinning by using a coaxial needle (as shown in figure 1);
wherein the coaxial electrostatic spinning receiving time is 45 min;
4) cutting a nanofiber membrane (the thickness is about 63 mu m) taking the conductive elastic fabric as a receiving substrate into a specific shape, and leading out an induction electrode end of the lower conductive elastic fabric by using a conductive copper adhesive tape to obtain the heat storage temperature-regulating friction nano generator based on the phase-change material.
Example 3
The preparation process of the heat-storage temperature-regulation friction nanometer generator based on the phase-change material comprises the following steps:
1) dissolving polyacrylonitrile in solventN,N-in dimethylformamide, a skin dope is prepared at a concentration of 18 wt.%;
wherein, before the polyacrylonitrile is used, the polyacrylonitrile needs to be dried for 6 hours in vacuum at 100 ℃ so as to remove the water absorbed in the polyacrylonitrile;
2) a mixture of cetyl acrylate and n-heptadecane existing in a liquid form at room temperature as a core material spinning solution;
wherein the mass ratio of the hexadecyl acrylate to the n-heptadecane is 40: 60;
3) respectively transferring the skin material spinning solution and the core material spinning solution into two injectors, and under the conditions that the spinning voltage is 22 kV, the advancing speed of the skin material spinning solution is 1.0 mL/h, the advancing speed of the core material spinning solution is 0.3 mL/h and the receiving distance is 15 cm, taking the conductive elastic fabric as a receiving substrate, and carrying out electrostatic spinning by using a coaxial needle (as shown in figure 1);
wherein the coaxial electrostatic spinning receiving time is 30 min;
4) cutting a nanofiber membrane (the thickness is about 42 mu m) taking the conductive elastic fabric as a receiving substrate into a specific shape, and leading out an induction electrode end of the lower conductive elastic fabric by using a conductive copper adhesive tape to obtain the heat-storage temperature-regulating friction nano generator based on the phase-change material.
Example 4
The preparation process of the heat-storage temperature-regulation friction nanometer generator based on the phase-change material comprises the following steps:
1) dissolving polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene inN,N-preparing a skin material spinning solution with a concentration of 24 wt.% in a compound solvent of dimethylformamide and acetone;
wherein, theN,NIn a compound solvent of dimethylformamide and acetone,N,N-the mass ratio of dimethylformamide to acetone is 6: 4;
before the polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene is used, the polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene is dried for 6 hours in vacuum at the temperature of 100 ℃ so as to remove moisture adsorbed in the polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene;
2) n-heptadecane existing in a liquid form at room temperature is used as a core material spinning solution;
3) respectively transferring the skin material spinning solution and the core material spinning solution into two injectors, and under the conditions that the spinning voltage is 15 kV, the advancing speed of the skin material spinning solution is 1.0 mL/h, the advancing speed of the core material spinning solution is 0.7 mL/h and the receiving distance is 20 cm, taking the conductive elastic fabric as a receiving substrate, and carrying out electrostatic spinning by using a coaxial needle (as shown in figure 1);
wherein the coaxial electrostatic spinning receiving time is 60 min;
4) a nanofiber film (a transmission electron micrograph of the sheath-core nanofibers, as shown in FIG. 2, and having a thickness of about 83 μm) using a conductive elastic fabric as a receiving substrate was cut into 5X 5cm pieces2And leading out the induction electrode end of the lower conductive elastic fabric by using a conductive copper adhesive tape to obtain the heat-storage temperature-regulating friction nano generator based on the phase-change material.
The sheath-core nanofiber membrane prepared in the example has excellent heat storage and temperature regulation characteristics (phase change characteristics), and a DSC spectrum thereof is shown in fig. 3, and as can be seen from fig. 3, the melting enthalpy and the crystallization enthalpy are respectively 88J/g and 90J/g, and the melting temperature and the crystallization temperature are respectively 24.7 ℃ and 19.6 ℃.
Example 5
The preparation process of the heat-storage temperature-regulation friction nanometer generator based on the phase-change material comprises the following steps:
1) dissolving polyacrylonitrile-vinylidene chloride in solventN,N-in dimethylformamide, a skin dope was prepared at a concentration of 25 wt.%;
wherein, before the polyacrylonitrile is used, the polyacrylonitrile needs to be dried for 6 hours in vacuum at 100 ℃ so as to remove the water absorbed in the polyacrylonitrile;
2) dissolving n-octadecane in a solvent toluene to prepare a core material spinning solution with the concentration of 50 wt.%;
3) respectively transferring the skin material spinning solution and the core material spinning solution into two injectors, and under the conditions that the spinning voltage is 25 kV, the advancing speed of the skin material spinning solution is 1.0 mL/h, the advancing speed of the core material spinning solution is 0.5 mL/h and the receiving distance is 25 cm, taking the conductive elastic fabric as a receiving substrate, and carrying out electrostatic spinning by using a coaxial needle;
wherein the coaxial electrostatic spinning receiving time is 45 min;
4) cutting a nanofiber membrane (the thickness is about 58 mu m) taking the conductive elastic fabric as a receiving substrate into a specific shape, and leading out an induction electrode end of the lower conductive elastic fabric by using a conductive copper adhesive tape to obtain the heat storage temperature-regulating friction nano generator based on the phase-change material.
Examples 6 to 15
Based on the experimental steps of the embodiment 1, the types and the ratios of the skin material polymer and the core material phase-change material and the parameters in the coaxial electrostatic spinning process are partially changed to complete the embodiments 6 to 15, and the specific conditions are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
The solvent of the polyvinylidene fluoride series polymer skin material spinning solution isN,NIn a compound solvent of dimethylformamide and acetone,N,N-the mass ratio of dimethylformamide to acetone is 6: 4.
② the polyacrylonitrile series polymer skin material spinning solution is dissolvedN,N-dimethylformamide.
And thirdly, mass percentage.
Fourthly, the core material spinning solution is a pure phase change material without an external solvent.
Comparative example 1
1) Dissolving polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene inN,N-preparing a skin material spinning solution with a concentration of 24 wt.% in a compound solvent of dimethylformamide and acetone;
wherein, theN,NIn a compound solvent of dimethylformamide and acetone,N,N-the mass ratio of dimethylformamide to acetone is 6: 4;
before the polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene is used, the polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene is dried for 6 hours in vacuum at the temperature of 100 ℃ so as to remove moisture adsorbed in the polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene;
2) transferring the leather spinning solution into an injector, and under the conditions that the spinning voltage is 15 kV, the advancing speed of the leather spinning solution is 1.0 mL/h, and the receiving distance is 20 cm, taking the conductive elastic fabric as a receiving substrate, and carrying out electrostatic spinning by using a coaxial needle;
wherein the coaxial electrostatic spinning receiving time is 60 min;
3) cutting nanofiber membrane (thickness of about 75 μm) with conductive elastic fabric as receiving substrate into 5 × 5cm2And leading out the induction electrode end of the lower conductive elastic fabric by using a conductive copper adhesive tape to obtain the friction nano-generator of the comparative example.
The frictional nanogenerators obtained in example 4 and comparative example 1 were uniformly wrapped on a thermometer temperature-sensing probe using an experimental apparatus (a frictional heat generation measuring system mainly composed of a DP-700B type portable thermometer of japan physico-chemical RKC ltd.) as shown in fig. 4, and then the surfaces thereof were continuously rubbed with rubber gloves, and the trend of the temperature of the frictional nanogenerator with time was recorded. As shown in fig. 5, the temperature of the heat-storage temperature-adjusting friction nanogenerator prepared in example 4 was reduced by 2.2 ℃ compared to that of comparative example 1 during the same friction time. Therefore, the heat storage and temperature adjustment friction nano generator prepared by the invention can well absorb heat energy generated in the friction process and adjust the temperature of the friction nano generator; thereby eliminating the negative effects of temperature rise caused by frictional heat generation on the durability and reliability of the device. Further, as shown in fig. 6, when the heat-storage temperature-adjustment friction nano-generator prepared in example 4 is placed on a linear motor and is rubbed with different materials at a frequency of 1.5 Hz, a voltage output of 30V-150V can be obtained; therefore, the heat-storage temperature-regulation friction nano generator prepared by the invention can effectively convert irregular low-frequency mechanical energy into electric energy. Therefore, the heat storage and temperature adjustment friction nano generator prepared by the invention can effectively recover and utilize the wasted mechanical energy and heat energy generated by friction in the environment through the combined operation of the triboelectric material and the phase-change material; the energy utilization rate is improved, the durability and the reliability of the friction nano generator device are improved, and meanwhile, the high-efficiency heat management capabilities of heat storage, temperature adjustment and temperature control are given to the friction nano generator device.
It should be understood that the above description is only representative of the embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention includes but is not limited thereto. Furthermore, it should be understood that various obvious simple changes and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the relevant art after reviewing the summary of the present invention, and those equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A heat-storage temperature-regulation friction nanometer generator based on a phase-change material is characterized by comprising a conductive elastic fabric and a heat-storage temperature-regulation skin-core nanometer fiber film arranged on the conductive elastic fabric; the heat-storage temperature-regulating skin-core nanofiber membrane is prepared by adopting a coaxial electrostatic spinning process; wherein the sheath material is polyvinylidene fluoride series polymer or polyacrylonitrile series polymer, and the core material is one or a mixture of more than two of normal alkane phase-change materials, acrylic acid normal alkyl ester and methacrylic acid normal alkyl ester phase-change materials in any proportion.
2. The phase change material based heat storage temperature regulating friction nanogenerator of claim 1, wherein: the conductive elastic fabric is a commercial silver fiber four-side stretch knitted fabric.
3. The phase change material based heat storage temperature regulating friction nanogenerator of claim 1, wherein: the polyvinylidene fluoride series polymers include, but are not limited to, polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene;
the polyacrylonitrile series polymers include, but are not limited to, polyacrylonitrile-vinylidene chloride;
the skin polymer is required to remove moisture adsorbed in the skin polymer before use.
4. The phase change material based heat storage temperature regulating friction nanogenerator of claim 1, wherein: the normal alkane has a general formula of CnH2n+2The general formula of the n-alkyl acrylate is CH2=CH-COOCnH2n+1The general formula of n-alkyl methacrylate is CH2=C(CH3)-COOCnH2n+1(ii) a n =9~50, and n is an integer.
5. The phase change material based heat storage temperature regulating friction nanogenerator of claim 1, wherein: when the core material is two or three of n-alkane phase change materials, n-alkyl acrylate and n-alkyl methacrylate ester phase change materials, the mass ratio of any one core material is more than 10 wt% of the total mass of the core material.
6. The phase change material based heat storage temperature regulating friction nanogenerator of claim 2, wherein: the commercial silver-plated fiber four-side stretch knitted fabric is composed of 75 wt.% of silver fibers and 25 wt.% of spandex.
7. The method for preparing the phase-change-material-based heat-storage temperature-regulating friction nano-generator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the preparation process comprises the following steps:
1) dissolving polyvinylidene fluoride series polymer inN,N-dimethyl formamide and acetone, or polyacrylonitrile series polymer is dissolved inN,N-dimethylformamide to obtain a skin material spinning solution;
2) at least one of n-alkane, n-alkyl acrylate and n-alkyl methacrylate with n = 9-17 existing in a liquid form at room temperature is uniformly mixed without an additional solvent and directly used as a core material spinning solution;
or at least one of n-alkane, acrylic acid n-alkyl ester and methacrylic acid n-alkyl ester with n being more than or equal to 18 is dissolved in toluene to obtain core material spinning solution;
3) respectively transferring the skin material spinning solution and the core material spinning solution into two injectors, and performing electrostatic spinning by using a coaxial needle head by using a conductive elastic fabric as a receiving substrate under the conditions that the spinning voltage is 12 kV-25 kV, the advancing speed of the skin material spinning solution is 0.5 mL/h-1.5 mL/h, the advancing speed of the core material spinning solution is 0.1 mL/h-1.0 mL/h, the receiving distance is 10 cm-30 cm, the ambient temperature is 25-35 ℃, and the humidity is 28-40%;
4) the nanofiber membrane taking the conductive elastic fabric as a receiving substrate is cut into a specific shape, and the induction electrode end of the lower conductive elastic fabric is led out by using a conductive copper adhesive tape, so that the heat storage temperature-regulating friction nano generator based on the phase-change material is obtained.
8. The method for preparing the phase-change-material-based heat-storage temperature-regulation friction nano generator as claimed in claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the concentration of the polyvinylidene fluoride series polymer skin material spinning solution in the step 1) is 19-24 wt.%, and the concentration of the polyacrylonitrile series polymer skin material spinning solution is 20-28 wt.%; the above-mentionedN,NIn a compound solvent of dimethylformamide and acetone,N, N-the mass ratio of dimethylformamide to acetone is 6: 4; in the step 2), when toluene is used as a solvent, the concentration of the core material spinning solution is 30-50 wt.%.
9. The method for preparing the phase-change-material-based heat-storage temperature-regulation friction nano generator as claimed in claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the electrostatic spinning receiving time is 30-60 min.
10. Use of a phase change material based heat storage and temperature regulation triboelectric nanogenerator according to any of claims 1 to 6.
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