CN112599396B - High-frequency cavity structure of gyrotron - Google Patents
High-frequency cavity structure of gyrotron Download PDFInfo
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- CN112599396B CN112599396B CN202011481085.1A CN202011481085A CN112599396B CN 112599396 B CN112599396 B CN 112599396B CN 202011481085 A CN202011481085 A CN 202011481085A CN 112599396 B CN112599396 B CN 112599396B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/12—Vessels; Containers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
- H01J23/10—Magnet systems for directing or deflecting the discharge along a desired path, e.g. a spiral path
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/36—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/10—Nuclear fusion reactors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-frequency cavity structure of a gyrotron, which comprises a cut-off section, an input gradient waveguide section, a main cavity concave section, a plurality of output gradient waveguide sections and an output straight waveguide section, wherein the plurality of output gradient waveguide sections, the output straight waveguide section and the cut-off section are all connected with the input gradient waveguide section; the invention can effectively improve the Q value of the longitudinal high-order mode of the main mode, thereby reducing the starting oscillation current and voltage of the mode; the adjustable-frequency gyrotron can work under the state of ultralow voltage current and the like effectively by combining the main cavity section and the output gradual change waveguide section.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gyrotrons, in particular to a high-frequency cavity structure of a gyrotron.
Background
A gyrotron, one of electric vacuum devices, is applied to fields with many special requirements due to its excellent performance in terms of high frequency, wherein it is a basic operation principle of the gyrotron that a cyclotron electron beam and an electromagnetic wave interact in a high frequency cavity of the gyrotron to generate or amplify an electromagnetic signal. With the development of millimeter wave terahertz wave technology in recent years, the gyrotron is widely applied to various systems as a source device, such as magnetic confinement controllable thermonuclear fusion, ceramic sintering, advanced material heat treatment, plasma diagnosis, dynamic nuclear polarization-nuclear magnetic resonance, terahertz imaging and the like. For some applications, it is particularly desirable that the convolute duct have a continuous formFrequency modulation functions, while requiring as little operating current and voltage as possible to reduce system complexity. Thus, miniaturization and even miniaturisation of the gyrotron is the key to reducing the overall system size. In miniaturized or miniaturized gyrotrons, ultra-low current-voltage operation is the key direction to reduce system volume. Since the oscillation of the primary mode in the gyrotron requires an operating current higher than the lowest oscillation starting current of the mode, and the oscillation starting current I osc The voltage is in inverse relation with the working voltage and the Q value of the cavity; therefore, in order to reduce the operating voltage and current of the gyrotron as much as possible, the Q value of the high-frequency cavity needs to be increased. Based on the traditional method, the Q value of the cavity is improved mainly by means of increasing the length of the main cavity. For the tunable performance of the gyrotron, the tunable performance is mainly realized in a mode that a high-frequency cavity works in a longitudinal high-order mode TEm.p.q. (q =1,2,3 …); however for TEm.p.q (q)>1) The Q value of the mode is much smaller than that of the TEm.p.1 mode, and the TEm.p.q (Q) is increased as much as possible>1) The Q value of the mode requires a further enlargement of the length of the main cavity. It is known from the fundamental principle of the convoluted tube that the longer the length of the main cavity is, the more easily the main cavity causes unnecessary parasitic mode oscillation, thereby affecting the operation of the main mode and the stability of the whole tube. In summary, how to improve the mode Q value of the cavity tem.p.q (Q =1,2,3 …) without excessively increasing the length of the main cavity of the high-frequency cavity is a key to realize that the frequency-adjustable gyrotron works in an ultra-low voltage current state and simultaneously realize that the principal mode of the gyrotron stably works.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a gyrotron high-frequency cavity structure, and can effectively improve the Q value of a longitudinal high-order mode of a main mode, thereby reducing the starting oscillation current and voltage of the mode; the frequency-adjustable gyrotron works under the state of ultralow voltage current and the like by combining the main cavity section and the output gradient waveguide section.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following scheme:
the gyrotron high-frequency cavity structure comprises a cut-off section, an input gradual change waveguide section, a main cavity body concave section, a plurality of output gradual change waveguide sections and an output straight waveguide section, wherein the output gradual change waveguide sections, the output straight waveguide section and the cut-off section are all connected with the input gradual change waveguide section; the plurality of output graded waveguide segments comprises a first output graded waveguide segment, a second output graded waveguide segment and a third output graded waveguide segment; the main cavity section is connected with a first output gradual change waveguide section, the first output gradual change waveguide section is connected with a second output gradual change waveguide section, the second output gradual change waveguide section is connected with a third output gradual change waveguide section, and the third output gradual change waveguide section is connected with an output straight waveguide section.
Furthermore, the inclination angles of the first output tapered waveguide section, the second output tapered waveguide section and the third output tapered waveguide section are respectively a first output tapered waveguide section inclination angle a1, a second output tapered waveguide section inclination angle a2 and a third output tapered waveguide section inclination angle a3, and a1< a2< a3 < 5 °.
Further, the total length of the main cavity body section is L, L is less than or equal to 15 lambda, and lambda is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in the high-frequency cavity body working mode.
Further, the main cavity concave section is composed of a straight waveguide with a radius of R2 and left and right tapered waveguides, wherein the length of the straight waveguide is not higher than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave at the operating frequency of the high-frequency cavity, the tilt angles of the left and right tapered waveguides are a4 and a5, respectively, and the sizes of a4 and a5 are both less than 5 degrees.
Further, the shape of the main cavity recess section 31 is curved.
Further, the number of the output tapered waveguide sections is controlled within 3-5, and the inclination angles of the output tapered waveguide sections are different and are all smaller than 5 degrees.
Further, the cavity is made of a metal structure material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can effectively improve the Q value of the longitudinal high-order mode of the main mode, thereby reducing the starting oscillation current and voltage of the mode; the adjustable-frequency gyrotron can work under the state of ultralow voltage current and the like effectively by combining the main cavity section and the output gradual change waveguide section.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows an exemplary operating mode TE of the present invention 10.2.q (q =1,2,3,4,5) mode of excitation current;
in the figure, 1-stop, 2-input tapered waveguide, 3-main cavity section, 31-main cavity recess section, 4-first output tapered waveguide, 5-second output tapered waveguide, 6-third output tapered waveguide, 7-output straight waveguide, a 1-first output tapered waveguide tilt angle, a 2-second output tapered waveguide tilt angle, a 3-third output tapered waveguide tilt angle, R1-main cavity radius, R2-radius of straight waveguide of recess section at end of main cavity, a 4-tilt angle of right tapered waveguide of recess section, a 5-tilt angle of left tapered waveguide of recess section, L-length of main cavity section 3.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in the specification for all of the embodiments (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), or all of the steps of a method or process so disclosed, may be combined and/or expanded, or substituted, in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
As shown in fig. 1,2, the high-frequency cavity structure of the gyrotron includes a stop section 1, an input tapered waveguide section 2, a main cavity section 3, a main cavity recess section 31, a plurality of output tapered waveguide sections and an output straight waveguide section 7, where the plurality of output tapered waveguide sections, the output straight waveguide section 7 and the stop section 1 are all connected to the input tapered waveguide section 2, the input tapered waveguide section 2 is connected to the main cavity section 3, and a recess section is added to the right end of the main cavity section 3 to form the main cavity recess section 31; the plurality of output tapered waveguide segments comprises a first output tapered waveguide segment 4, a second output tapered waveguide segment 5 and a third output tapered waveguide segment 6; the main cavity section 3 is connected with a first output gradual change waveguide section 4, the first output gradual change waveguide section 4 is connected with a second output gradual change waveguide section 5, the second output gradual change waveguide section 5 is connected with a third output gradual change waveguide section 6, and the third output gradual change waveguide section 6 is connected with an output straight waveguide section 7.
Further, the inclination angles of the first output tapered waveguide segment 4, the second output tapered waveguide segment 5 and the third output tapered waveguide segment 6 are respectively a first output tapered waveguide segment inclination angle a1, a second output tapered waveguide segment inclination angle a2 and a third output tapered waveguide segment inclination angle a3, and a1< a2< a3 is less than or equal to 5 °.
Further, the total length of the main cavity section 3 is L, L is not more than 15 λ, and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in the high-frequency cavity working mode.
Further, the main cavity concave section 31 is composed of a straight waveguide with a radius R2 and left and right tapered waveguides, wherein the length of the straight waveguide is not higher than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave at the operating frequency of the high-frequency cavity, the tilt angles of the left and right tapered waveguides are a4 and a5, respectively, and the sizes of a4 and a5 are both less than 5 degrees.
Further, the shape of the main cavity recess section 31 is curved.
Further, the number of the output tapered waveguide sections is controlled within 3-5, and the inclination angles of the output tapered waveguide sections are different and are all smaller than 5 degrees.
Further, the cavity is made of a metal structure material.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides a high-frequency cavity structure capable of realizing ultra-low current and voltage operation of a tunable gyrotron, the structure mainly includes: the waveguide structure comprises a cut-off section 1, an input gradual change waveguide section 2, a main cavity section 3, a concave section 31 at the right end of the main cavity, first, second and third output gradual change waveguide sections 4-6, an output straight waveguide section 7, the cut-off section is connected with the input gradual change waveguide section 2, the input gradual change waveguide section 2 is connected with the main cavity section 3, the concave section 31 is added at the right end of the main cavity section, the main cavity section 3 is connected with the first output gradual change waveguide section 4, the first output gradual change waveguide section 4 is connected with the second output gradual change waveguide section 5, the second output gradual change waveguide section 5 is connected with the third output gradual change waveguide section 6, and the third output gradual change waveguide section is connected with the output straight waveguide section 7.
Specifically, when the radius of the cut-off section is 2.4mm, the radius R1 of the main cavity is 2.617mm, the length is 15mm, the radius R2 of the straight waveguide of the concave section at the tail end of the main cavity is 2.6mm, the left and right inclination angles a4 and a5 of the concave section are both 2 °, the inclination angle a1 of the first output tapered waveguide is 0.5 °, the inclination angle a2 of the second output tapered waveguide is 1.0 °, and the inclination angle a3 of the third output tapered waveguide is 2.5 °. The main mode of the high-frequency cavity is TE calculated 10.2.q (q =1,2,3,4,5) wherein the resonant frequencies of the longitudinal harmonic modes are: TE 10.2.1 The mode resonance frequency is 299.93GHz 10.2.2 The mode resonance frequency is 300.22GHz 10.2.3 The mode resonance frequency is 300.65GHz 10.2.4 The mode resonance frequency is 301.22GHz 10.2.5 The mode resonance frequency is 301.94GHz. As shown in FIG. 2, when the operating voltage is 500V, TE 10.2.q The excitation current of the (q =1,2,3,4,5) mode varies with the magnetic field. As can be seen from FIG. 2, under the condition of 500V working voltage, the lowest oscillation starting current of the working mode with five working frequency points ranges from 0.03mA to 15mA.
In addition to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art, having the benefit of this disclosure, may derive other embodiments from the teachings of the foregoing disclosure or from modifications and variations utilizing knowledge or skill of the related art, which may be interchanged or substituted for features of various embodiments, and such modifications and variations may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as set forth in the following claims.
The functionality of the present invention, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium, and all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention are executed in a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) and corresponding software. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, or an optical disk, exist in a read-only Memory (RAM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), and the like, for performing a test or actual data in a program implementation.
Claims (2)
1. The gyrotron high-frequency cavity structure is characterized by comprising a cut-off section (1), an input gradual change waveguide section (2), a main cavity body section (3), a main cavity body concave section (31), a plurality of output gradual change waveguide sections and an output straight waveguide section (7), wherein the output gradual change waveguide sections, the output straight waveguide section (7) and the cut-off section (1) are all connected with the input gradual change waveguide section (2), the input gradual change waveguide section (2) is connected with the main cavity body section (3), and the concave section is added to the right end of the main cavity body section (3) to form the main cavity body concave section (31); the plurality of output tapered waveguide segments comprises a first output tapered waveguide segment (4), a second output tapered waveguide segment (5) and a third output tapered waveguide segment (6); the main cavity section (3) is connected with a first output gradual change waveguide section (4), the first output gradual change waveguide section (4) is connected with a second output gradual change waveguide section (5), the second output gradual change waveguide section (5) is connected with a third output gradual change waveguide section (6), and the third output gradual change waveguide section (6) is connected with an output straight waveguide section (7);
the dip angles of the first output gradual change waveguide section (4), the second output gradual change waveguide section (5) and the third output gradual change waveguide section (6) are respectively a first output gradual change waveguide section dip angle a1, a second output gradual change waveguide section dip angle a2 and a third output gradual change waveguide section dip angle a3, and a1 is more than a2 and a3 is less than or equal to 5 degrees;
the total length of the main cavity body section (3) is L, L is less than or equal to 15 lambda, and lambda is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in the high-frequency cavity body working mode;
the concave section (31) of the main cavity is composed of a straight waveguide with the radius of R2 and a left and a right gradient waveguides, wherein the length of the straight waveguide section is not higher than the wavelength of electromagnetic waves under the working frequency of the high-frequency cavity, the inclination angles of the left and the right gradient waveguides are a4 and a5 respectively, and the sizes of the a4 and the a5 are both less than 5 degrees;
the main cavity recess section (31) is curved in shape;
the number of the output gradual change waveguide segments is controlled within 3-5, and the inclination angles of the output gradual change waveguide segments are different and are all smaller than 5 degrees.
2. The convolute duct high frequency cavity structure of claim 1 wherein said cavity comprises a metallic structural material.
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| US4356430A (en) * | 1980-09-05 | 1982-10-26 | Varian Associates, Inc. | Gyrotron cavity resonator with an improved value of Q |
| CN101308752A (en) * | 2008-06-11 | 2008-11-19 | 电子科技大学 | Common frequency multi-mode multi-stage whirling traveling-wave tube amplifier |
| CN101325275A (en) * | 2008-06-11 | 2008-12-17 | 电子科技大学 | Multilevel composite resonant cavity for electron cyclotron |
| CN104300196A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-01-21 | 电子科技大学 | Coaxial composite cyclotron resonant cavity |
| CN107240739A (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2017-10-10 | 电子科技大学 | The confocal waveguide HE in broadband0nMode excitation device |
| CN109830417A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-05-31 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of multistage interaction cavity being continuously adjusted gyrotron for frequency |
| CN109887819A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-06-14 | 北京大学 | A kind of Terahertz gyrotron side corner mould backward wave interaction circuit and its control method |
-
2020
- 2020-12-16 CN CN202011481085.1A patent/CN112599396B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4356430A (en) * | 1980-09-05 | 1982-10-26 | Varian Associates, Inc. | Gyrotron cavity resonator with an improved value of Q |
| CN101308752A (en) * | 2008-06-11 | 2008-11-19 | 电子科技大学 | Common frequency multi-mode multi-stage whirling traveling-wave tube amplifier |
| CN101325275A (en) * | 2008-06-11 | 2008-12-17 | 电子科技大学 | Multilevel composite resonant cavity for electron cyclotron |
| CN104300196A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-01-21 | 电子科技大学 | Coaxial composite cyclotron resonant cavity |
| CN107240739A (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2017-10-10 | 电子科技大学 | The confocal waveguide HE in broadband0nMode excitation device |
| CN109887819A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-06-14 | 北京大学 | A kind of Terahertz gyrotron side corner mould backward wave interaction circuit and its control method |
| CN109830417A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-05-31 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of multistage interaction cavity being continuously adjusted gyrotron for frequency |
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