CN112597641B - Carrier landing stability optimization method - Google Patents

Carrier landing stability optimization method Download PDF

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CN112597641B
CN112597641B CN202011455291.5A CN202011455291A CN112597641B CN 112597641 B CN112597641 B CN 112597641B CN 202011455291 A CN202011455291 A CN 202011455291A CN 112597641 B CN112597641 B CN 112597641B
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landing
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buffer system
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张华�
刘汉武
王栋梁
丁秀峰
林剑锋
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Shanghai Aerospace System Engineering Institute
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for optimizing landing stability of a carrier, and relates to the technical field of landing buffer of carrier legs. The invention takes a landing buffer system with a carrier capable of taking off and landing vertically as a research object, adopts mathematical model equivalent processing for complex interaction between motion systems, realizes parametric modeling for design parameters in the mathematical model, and then performs optimization design for the structural design parameters subjected to the parametric processing to obtain key factors influencing landing stability. Based on the obtained characteristics of the key factor physical quantity, the probability distribution criterion is established, random target shooting analysis is carried out, the weight of the influence of the key factor on landing stability is evaluated, and the design problems that the structure optimization design of a carrier leg type landing buffer system is poor and the ground effective test verification cannot be carried out are solved.

Description

Carrier landing stability optimization method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of landing buffering of a carrier, in particular to a method for optimizing landing stability of the carrier, which solves the problems of structural optimization design of a landing buffering system of a carrier leg and the design difficulty that effective ground test verification cannot be carried out, and can greatly shorten the design research and development period of the landing buffering system of the carrier leg through rapid and effective dynamic analysis, iterative optimization and parameter evaluation.
Background
The landing buffer system of the carrier is unfolded when returning to the ground and is at a certain height from the ground, and the carrier can land stably by utilizing an energy consumption component structure in the landing buffer system through contact collision with the ground. The carrier can receive factors influences such as ground landing field wind load, air resistance, ground frictional resistance, landing horizontal velocity, vertical velocity, roll angular velocity, yaw angular velocity, pitch angle rate and horizontal initial attitude before landing, and this makes carrier leg formula landing buffer system can appear multiple condition at the landing in-process: single leg landing, two leg landing, and four leg landing simultaneously. In each of the landing situations, the landing attitude of the vehicle and the loading of the landing buffer system are very different, and some initial conditions may cause the vehicle to turn over, resulting in a landing failure.
In order to solve the stability problem during the landing of the vehicle, it is necessary to perform the landing stability analysis and the optimization design of the vehicle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the method for optimizing the landing stability of the carrier provides method support and theoretical guidance for rapid and efficient iterative design of a landing buffer system of the carrier, solves the problem of the landing stability of the landing buffer system of the carrier, and ensures the engineering realization of the reusable field of the carrier.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for analyzing and optimally designing landing stability of a carrier comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: establishing a geometric model of a carrier landing buffer system structure, and parameterizing concerned variables in structural design parameters; establishing a connection parameter, a constraint parameter, a motion parameter and a force element equivalent model according to the working principle of the landing buffer system structure of the carrier, and parameterizing a concerned design parameter variable;
step two: establishing a parameterized landing buffer system dynamic model based on the parameterized geometric model and the parameterized mathematical equivalent model established in the step one;
step three: based on the dynamics model established in the second step, performing dynamics analysis and optimization design aiming at all design variables which may influence the landing performance, determining main key influence parameters, and establishing a parameter probability distribution criterion by combining the meaning or the characteristics of the physical quantities;
step four: and (4) performing random targeting analysis based on the dynamics model established in the second step and in combination with the probability distribution criterion of the key influence parameters in the third step, and comprehensively evaluating the influence weight of the main key parameters on the land buffer performance based on the analysis result.
Furthermore, in the step one, the parts in the carrier body and the landing buffer system are all regarded as rigid bodies, and a parameterized geometric model is established. The carrier landing buffer system is formed by connecting a carrier body and the landing buffer system through a rotating pair and a rotating pair. The landing buffer system is connected by a foot support, a main support and an auxiliary support, and is orthogonally arranged along the circumferential direction of the carrier body, the main support and the auxiliary support are connected by a spherical hinge pair, and the foot support and the main support are connected by the spherical hinge pair.
Further, in the step one, the motion parameters include lateral attitude deviation Θ of the vehicle body and landing roll angular velocity ωxYaw rate ωyPitch angle velocity omegazVertical velocity of landing VxHorizontal velocity VyHorizontal velocity Vz. The force element parameters comprise wind load W of a ground landing field, buffering force f of an internal buffer of the main strut and friction force ffEnergy dissipation part fw。
Further, in the first step, the main strut comprises an oil-gas structure and an energy consumption component, and is used for absorbing energy in the process of landing and buffering the carrier. According to the connection relation of the carrier landing buffer system and the landing working principle, mathematical equivalent model modeling is adopted for connection, constraint, motion parameters and force elements among all components, parameterization is realized for all parameter variables, and a dynamic model of the whole carrier landing buffer system is built by combining a geometric model.
Furthermore, in the second step, the attitude theta, w and v of the center of mass of the carrier body and the contact collision force F of the foot supports and the ground are usedcAnd as a design target, performing single-factor dynamics analysis and optimization design on the established dynamics model, determining the sensitivity of all parameter variables to the design target, and acquiring main key factors influencing the design target. Among the above-mentioned key factors, the length-related quantity and the friction coefficient are generally assumed to be uniformly distributed, the force-related quantity is generally assumed to be normally distributed, and the confidence coefficient is generally set to be 3 σ.
Further, in the fourth step, based on the dynamic model established in the second step, the dynamic random target-shooting analysis of multi-working conditions (single-leg landing, two-leg landing and four-leg landing), multi-parameters and multiple targets (attitude angle and landing buffer impact force) is carried out by combining the parameter probability distribution conditions in the third step. And calculating the correlation between each parameterized variable and the optimization target according to the analysis result, performing descending or ascending arrangement on the correlation, and comprehensively evaluating the influence weight of the main key parameters on the land buffer performance.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides method support and theoretical guidance for rapid and efficient iterative design of a landing buffer system of a carrier, solves the problem of landing stability of the landing buffer system of the carrier, and ensures the engineering realization in the field of reusable carriers. The invention takes a landing buffer system with a carrier capable of taking off and landing vertically as a research object, adopts mathematical model equivalent processing for complex interaction between motion systems, realizes parametric modeling for design parameters in the mathematical model, and then performs optimization design for the structural design parameters subjected to the parametric processing to obtain key factors influencing landing stability. Based on the obtained characteristics of the key factor physical quantity, the probability distribution criterion is established, random target shooting analysis is carried out, the weight of the influence of the key factor on landing stability is evaluated, and the design problems that the structure optimization design of a carrier leg type landing buffer system is poor and the ground effective test verification cannot be carried out are solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a stability analysis and optimization design method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a vehicle landing buffer system of the present invention, wherein 2(a) is a side view and 2(b) is a top view;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the interaction between the landing buffer system of the vehicle and the ground according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the displacement-load action curve of the energy dissipating component of the main column according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the variation curve of the contact impact force between the foot support and the ground according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description thereof.
A flow chart of a method for analyzing and optimally designing landing stability of a vehicle is shown in fig. 1, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: establishing a geometric model of the structure of the landing buffer system of the vehicle, and comparingParameterizing a pre-concerned variable in the structural design parameter; the vehicle landing buffer system is connected with the vehicle body 1 and the landing buffer system through a rotating pair 5 and a rotating pair 6. The landing buffer system is connected by a foot support 4, a main support 2 and an auxiliary support 3, and is orthogonally arranged along the circumferential direction of the carrier body, the main support 2 and the auxiliary support 3 are connected by a spherical hinge pair, and the foot support 4 and the main support 2 are connected by a spherical hinge pair. The main strut 2 contains oil and gas structures and energy consuming components for absorbing energy during landing buffering of the vehicle, see fig. 2. Establishing a connection parameter, a constraint parameter, a motion parameter and a force element equivalent model according to the working principle of a carrier landing buffer system structure, and parameterizing a design parameter variable concerned in advance; according to the connection relation of the landing buffer system of the carrier and the landing working principle schematic diagram, all the parts in the carrier body 1 and the landing buffer system are regarded as rigid bodies, and parameterization of all design variables is realized; the connection constraints 5 and 6 of the carrier body 1 and the landing buffer system and the connection constraints 7 of the main strut 2 and the auxiliary support 3 adopt a mathematical equivalent model, constrain the translational freedom degrees in three directions and release the rotational freedom degrees; the connection between the foot supports 4 and the main support 2 is restricted by adopting a fixed pair, and all translational and rotational degrees of freedom are restricted. Connection point (P) of main strut to vehicle bodyUp_X,PUp_Y,PUp_Z) Auxiliary support and carrier body connection point (P)Mid_X,PMid_Y,PMid_Z) Main support and foot support connection point (P)Down_X,PDown_Y,PDown_Z) Radius and length (R) of outer cylinder of main strutOuter，LOuter) Main strut piston rod radius and length (R)Inner，LInner) Auxiliary support radius and length (R)Fuzhu，LFuzhu) Radius of the foot support RFootMaximum stroke S of oil and gasmaxAnd (5) the geometric model parameters are equal to realize variable parameterization.
Lateral attitude deviation theta and landing roll angular velocity omega of carrier bodyxYaw rate ωyPitch angle velocity omegazLanding vertical velocity VxHorizontal velocity VyHorizontal velocity VzEqual motion parameter realization variable parameterThe interaction mode of the carrier and the ground is divided into three types: four-leg landing, two-leg landing, single-leg landing, see figure 3.
Step two: establishing a parameterized landing buffer system dynamic model based on the parameterized geometric model and the parameterized mathematical equivalent model established in the step one; in the landing and buffering process of the carrier, a force element such as local gravity acceleration a is applied, the direction is vertical downward, and the wind load F of a landing fieldwActing on the centre of mass of the carrier body in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the carrier. The main strut internal bumper mechanics model can be decomposed into four parts:
f＝fh+fa+ff+fs+fw (1)
wherein, fsLimiting force for the bumper structure, faFor the elastic force of the buffer, fhIs the damping force of the buffer oil, ffIs the internal friction of the damper, fwThe energy dissipation component is used for buffering the force.
Structural restraint fsCan be expressed by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002828556100000051
wherein, KSAxial tension and compression stiffness of the buffer; s0For the initial stroke of the buffer, SmaxThe maximum compression stroke of the buffer.
Buffer spring force faCan be expressed by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002828556100000052
wherein, V0Is the buffer cavity initial volume; a. theaEffective compressed air area; n is a gas polytropic coefficient; patm is atmospheric pressure.
Buffer oil damping force fhCan be expressed by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002828556100000053
wherein rho is the oil density; a. thehIs the area of the oil pressed; a. the+The area of the positive stroke oil hole; a. the-The area of the reverse stroke oil hole; cdThe contraction flow coefficient of the oil hole.
Internal friction force f of bufferfCan be expressed by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002828556100000061
wherein, mumIs the coefficient of friction.
Damping force f of energy dissipation componentwThe energy consumption is absorbed through the compression of the energy consumption components in a one-way process, the energy consumption components can not be recovered and reversed after being compressed, and the displacement and load curve of the energy consumption components is shown in figure 4.
Step three: and (3) performing dynamic analysis and optimization design on all design variables which are predicted to possibly influence the landing performance based on the dynamic model established in the second step, determining main key influence parameters, and obtaining a key parameter probability distribution criterion which influences the landing stability of the carrier by combining the physical quantity significance or characteristics, wherein the length-related quantity and the friction coefficient are generally assumed to be uniformly distributed, the force element-related quantity is generally assumed to be normally distributed, and the confidence coefficient is generally set to be 3 sigma.
Step four: and (4) performing random targeting analysis based on the dynamics model established in the second step and in combination with the probability distribution criterion of the key influence parameters in the third step, and comprehensively evaluating the influence weight of the main key parameters on the land buffer performance based on the analysis result. And (3) analyzing the correlation between the reference variable and an optimization target (for example, the contact collision force between the foot support and the ground is shown in figure 5) by adopting an equation (6), performing descending or ascending arrangement on the correlation, and comprehensively evaluating the influence weight of the main key parameters on the land buffering performance.
Figure BDA0002828556100000062
In the formula xiFor parameterizing variables, yiIn order to optimize the design objective variables,
Figure BDA0002828556100000063
are all weighted averages of the variables.
The method can realize the stability analysis and the optimized design of the landing buffer system of the carrier, is applied to the structural design of the buffer landing system of the vertical take-off and landing carrier in China, and lays a foundation for the implementation and the application of the landing buffer system of the carrier.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.

Claims (5)

1. A method for optimizing landing stability of a vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: establishing a geometric model of a carrier landing buffer system structure, and parameterizing a pre-concerned variable in structural design parameters; establishing a connection parameter, a constraint parameter, a motion parameter and a force element equivalent model according to the working principle of a carrier landing buffer system structure, and parameterizing a design parameter variable concerned in advance;
step two: establishing a parameterized landing buffer system dynamic model based on the parameterized geometric model and the parameterized mathematical equivalent model established in the step one;
step three: based on the dynamic model established in the second step, performing dynamic analysis and optimization design aiming at all design variables which are estimated to possibly influence the landing performance, determining main key influence parameters, and establishing a parameter probability distribution criterion of the main key influence parameters by combining the meaning or the characteristics of the physical quantities;
step four: based on the dynamics model established in the second step, random target shooting analysis is carried out by combining the probability distribution criterion of the key influence parameters in the third step, and the influence weight of the main key parameters on the land buffer performance is comprehensively evaluated based on the analysis result;
the geometric model in the step one comprises a geometric model of a carrier and a geometric model of a landing buffer system, and the parameterization in the step one is to endow a parameter variable to the design of the models;
the geometric model of the carrier comprises mass, inertia, outer envelope length and diameter;
the landing buffer system geometric model comprises a supporting leg opening angle, a main supporting column sleeve and the number of stages, an auxiliary landing leg joint, an oil buffer and a crushing buffer.
2. A vehicle landing stability optimization method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the connection, movement, constraint and external force are established based on the actual movement state and working principle between the structural members on the basis of the step-geometric model.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dynamic model established in step two has all parameter variables fully parameterized, and the model is automatically updated according to the change of initial conditions.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step three is performed with single factor dynamic analysis and optimization design for all design parameter variables, and the influence degree of each factor on the landing performance of the vehicle is evaluated to determine the key factors influencing the landing stability.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the analysis of random targeting in step four comprises a multi-parameter, multi-objective optimization design.
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CN109783953A (en) * 2019-01-22 2019-05-21 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 A kind of calculation method of type aircraft landing dynamic load

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