CN112595531A - No-load running-in test device and method for whole crawler-type harvester - Google Patents
No-load running-in test device and method for whole crawler-type harvester Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The no-load running-in test device and the test method for the whole crawler-type harvester comprise the following steps: the device comprises a lifting mechanism, an electric control system, a crawler-type harvester and a pneumatic system; the four lifting mechanisms are fixedly arranged on the horizontal ground through foundation bolts, every two lifting mechanisms are arranged on two sides of the tested machine in a group respectively, and the electric control system and the pneumatic system are connected with one lifting mechanism in the group respectively. The test device can lift a tested machine to carry out running-in test, the four lifting mechanisms automatically adjust the positions of the four lifting arms according to different machine types, the extending lengths of the lifting arms are automatically adjusted according to the widths of chassis of different machine types, the cylinder clamping device automatically locks the lifting arms after the lifting arms are in place, the lifting arms rise to a set height, and a tested machine crawler belt simulates a road test after being suspended. The whole test process is short in time consumption, small in test occupied area and full-automatic, and the working efficiency is effectively improved. The method can complete the no-load running-in test of the whole machine of the tested machine, has accurate test data and completely meets the requirements of national standards.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of production, test and detection of agricultural equipment complete machines, and relates to a no-load running-in test device and a no-load running-in test method for a complete machine of a crawler-type harvester.
Background
With the rapid development of agricultural machinery industry in China, the crawler-type harvester is more and more widely applied. Compared with a wheel type harvester, the crawler type harvester is convenient to turn, large in contact area between the crawler and the ground in the advancing process, large in friction force, more convenient to grasp soil, particularly suitable for walking on wet and muddy land, not easy to sink, and larger in traction force compared with the crawler type harvester and the wheel type harvester under the same power.
But for wheeled harvester, the price and the cost of maintenance of crawler-type harvester are also higher, therefore domestic manufacturer in the crawler-type harvester chassis off-line back, in order to discover in advance and solve the crawler-type harvester because the part assembly is out of position and cause the part wearing and tearing or grab and scrape the phenomenon, can carry out the no-load running-in to crawler-type harvester complete machine before dispatching from the factory to extension part life improves crawler-type harvester complete machine performance.
In the prior art, no-load running-in tests aiming at a crawler-type harvester are roughly divided into two types, namely a road test and a test on a crawler-type running-in test device. The road test occupies a large area, wastes time, has low working efficiency, is difficult to meet the production plan, and has larger abrasion to the crawler. The crawler-type running-in test device is characterized in that two chain plate type crawlers are built on the ground, and a crawler-type harvester runs on a crawler plate under the condition that the front part and the rear part are tensioned by ropes so as to achieve the purpose of running-in. The crawler-type harvester has the advantages that the occupied area is not large, and the defects that the test bed is arranged under the ground, the structure is complex, the maintenance is inconvenient, and the crawler-type harvester cannot take more types into consideration due to the limitation of the length and the width of the chain plate type crawler. And the preparation work before the test is more tedious, the work efficiency is not obviously improved, and the abrasion reduction to the track is not obvious enough.
Therefore, the development of the running-in test device for lifting the whole crawler-type harvester has great significance for the aerial wear test of the whole crawler-type harvester after the crawler is suspended away from the ground, and is certainly valued and popular by manufacturers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for automatically supporting, clamping and fixing a whole crawler-type harvester so as to enable a crawler of the harvester to be suspended for an air-milling test.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: no-load running-in test device of complete machine of crawler-type harvester includes: the device comprises a lifting mechanism, an electric control system, a crawler-type harvester and a pneumatic system; the four lifting mechanisms are fixedly arranged on the horizontal ground through foundation bolts, every two lifting mechanisms are arranged on two sides of the crawler-type harvester in a group, the electric control system is connected with one lifting mechanism, and the pneumatic system is connected with the other lifting mechanism.
The lifting mechanism comprises: the lifting device comprises a spiral lifter, an upright post, an upper linear guide rail, a lower linear guide rail, a lifting seat, a left linear guide rail, a right linear guide rail, a left reduction motor, a right reduction motor, a front linear guide rail, a back linear guide rail, a front reduction motor, a back reduction motor, a cylinder, a left switch, a right switch, a top switch, a lower switch, a supporting block, a side positioning block, a; the screw rod of the spiral lifter is downwards arranged at the top end of the upright post, the lifting seat is arranged at the end part of the screw rod of the spiral lifter, and the lifting seat can move up and down in the upright post along the upper and lower linear guide rails; the left-right moving speed reducing motor is connected with the lifting seat, the lifting arm can move left and right in the upright post along the left-right linear guide rail, the front-back moving speed reducing motor is connected with the upright post, and the upright post can move front and back along the front-back linear guide rail; the inner wall of the front end of the lifting arm is provided with a cylinder, a cylinder piston extends out of a large round hole in the front end of the lifting arm and is connected with the rear end of the locking claw, the supporting block is arranged at the front end of the lifting arm, the upper and lower in-place switches are arranged in the middle of the supporting block, the left and right in-place switches are arranged in a small round hole in the front end of the lifting arm, and the side positioning block is arranged at the top of the front end of the.
The electric control system comprises: the device comprises a key switch, a manual/automatic knob, a test starting button, a return button, a test ending button, an air source valve, a touch screen, a power switch and an indicator light; the middle part of the electric control system is provided with a touch screen, one side of the touch screen is sequentially provided with three indicator lamps, a power switch is arranged between the three indicator lamps and the touch screen, and the other side of the touch screen is sequentially provided with a key switch, a manual/automatic knob, a test start button, a return button and a test end button; and an air source valve is arranged on the side part of the electric control system.
The pneumatic system comprises: the air purifier comprises an air cylinder, an electromagnetic valve, an air cleaner and an air pipe; the air pipe is connected with the inlet of the air cleaner, the outlet of the air cleaner is connected with the air inlet of the electromagnetic valve, and the two air outlets of the electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with the two air inlets of the air cylinder.
The test method of the no-load running-in test device of the whole crawler-type harvester is as follows:
【1】 Driving the crawler-type harvester to stop in a test area;
【2】 Turning on a power switch, and turning on three indicator lights;
【3】 Starting a key switch, and enabling a touch screen to enter a control interface;
【4】 Opening an air source valve;
【5】 Clicking a positioning button on the touch screen to enter a positioning interface;
【6】 Inputting model names of no more than ten characters, clicking corresponding model name relocation setting, and entering a model location interface;
【7】 Positioning a manual/automatic knob to a manual mode, operating a manual operation box on any one of the upright columns, and adjusting a supporting block of a lifting arm to a position 1 cm below a corresponding lifting point of a crawler-type harvester frame;
【8】 Repeating the step (7), and adjusting the other three lifting arms to the corresponding positions described in the step (7);
【9】 Clicking a positioning determination button on the touch screen to write the real-time position into a positioning position; returning to the positioning interface; clicking a 'selection model' button, returning to the main interface, and changing the test model into the model just positioned and selected; if the model is the located model, the locating data of the model is stored in the control system, and the model is selected by clicking a model selection button of the locating interface;
【10】 Clicking a 'setting interface' button on a main interface to set the lifting height, the stretching time and the lifting time;
【11】 The manual/automatic knob is positioned to an automatic mode, and a test start button is clicked, so that the device automatically completes the actions of front-back up-and-down movement, left-and-right stretching, lifting and locking;
【12】 After the no-load running-in test of the crawler-type harvester C is finished, one of a return button or a test finishing button is clicked, and the device automatically finishes actions of landing, loosening, disengaging, retracting left and right and returning to the original position; the vertical column does not return to the zero point when moving back and forth, and is kept at the position of the machine type, so that the vertical column is suitable for the next machine type consistent with the machine type at this time, and the test rhythm is accelerated; after the test, all the stand columns return to the safe positions, so that the test stand is suitable for the situation that the test is finished and the stand is shut down for work in one day;
【13】 Carrying out the next test, and repeating the steps from (11) to (12) if the model is the same model; and if the model is changed into a different model, repeating the steps from (5) to (12).
The invention has the advantages that after the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the following positive effects: this testing device compact structure, convenient operation can lift the crawler-type harvester complete machine and get up to carry out the running-in test, and four lifting mechanism can lift the position of arm according to four stands of different model automatic adjustment promptly, and the length that the arm that lifts stretches out can carry out automatic adjustment according to the chassis width of different models, and the arm that lifts targets in place the back cylinder step-up device and can die by the auto-lock, lifts the arm and rises to setting for the height, can simulate the way examination after the harvester track is unsettled. The whole test process is short in time consumption, small in test occupied area and full-automatic, and the working efficiency is effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general structure of the complete machine running-in test device of the crawler-type harvester;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view structural diagram of a lifting mechanism of the complete machine running-in test device of the crawler-type harvester;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a lifting mechanism of the complete machine running-in test device of the crawler-type harvester according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric control system of the whole machine running-in test device of the crawler-type harvester;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the working principle of the pneumatic system of the complete machine running-in test device of the crawler-type harvester.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples. As shown in fig. 1-5, the complete machine running-in test device of the crawler-type harvester comprises: the device comprises a lifting mechanism A, an electric control system B, a crawler-type harvester C and a pneumatic system D; the four lifting mechanisms A are fixed on the horizontal ground through foundation bolts, two lifting mechanisms are arranged on two sides of the crawler-type harvester C respectively, the electric control system B is arranged near one lifting mechanism A and connected with the lifting mechanisms A of the group, and the pneumatic system D is arranged near the other lifting mechanism A and connected with the lifting mechanisms A of the group.
The lifting mechanism A of the whole machine running-in test device of the crawler-type harvester comprises: the device comprises a spiral elevator 1, an upright post 2, an upper linear guide rail, a lower linear guide rail 3, an elevating seat 4, a left linear guide rail, a right linear guide rail 5, a left reduction motor and right reduction motor 6, a front linear guide rail and back linear guide rail 7, a front reduction motor and back reduction motor 8, a cylinder 9, a left and right in-place switch 10, an up and down in-place switch 11, a supporting block 12, a side positioning block 13, a locking claw 14 and a lifting; a screw rod of the spiral lifter 1 is downwards arranged at the top end of the upright post 2, a lifting seat 4 is arranged at the end part of the screw rod of the spiral lifter 1, and the lifting seat 4 can move up and down in the upright post 2 along the upper and lower linear guide rails 3; the left-right moving speed reducing motor 6 is connected with the lifting seat 4, and the lifting arm 15 can move left and right in the upright post 2 along the left and right linear guide rails 5; the front-back movement speed reducing motor 8 is connected with the upright post 2, and the upright post 2 can move back and forth along the front-back linear guide rail 7; the inner wall of the front end of the lifting arm 15 is provided with a cylinder 9, a piston of the cylinder 9 extends out of a large circular hole at the front end of the lifting arm 15 and is connected with the rear end of the locking claw 14, a supporting block 12 is arranged at the front end of the lifting arm 15, an up-down in-place switch 11 is arranged in the middle of the supporting block 12, a left-right in-place switch 10 is arranged in a small circular hole at the front end of the lifting arm 15, and a side positioning block 13 is arranged at the top of the front end; the lifting arm 15 extends left and right to the side positioning block 13 to touch the frame to rotate, so that the left and right in-place switches 10 are triggered to stop, the lifting arm 15 rises to the upper end face of the supporting block 12 to touch the frame, so that the up and down in-place switches 11 are triggered to stop, and after the lifting arm 15 stops acting, the piston rod of the air cylinder 9 extends out to drive the locking claw 14 to rotate so as to lock the frame.
The electronic control system B comprises: a key switch 16, a manual/automatic knob 17, a test starting button 18, a return button 19, a test ending button 20, an air source valve 21, a touch screen 22, a power switch 23 and an indicator light 24; a touch screen 22 is arranged in the middle of the electronic control system B, three indicator lamps 24 are sequentially arranged on one side of the touch screen 22, a power switch 23 is arranged between the three indicator lamps 24 and the touch screen 22, and a key switch 16, a manual/automatic knob 17, a test start button 18, a return button 19 and a test end button 20 are sequentially arranged on the other side of the touch screen 22; an air source valve 21 is arranged on the side part of the electric control system B.
The pneumatic system D includes: cylinder 9, electromagnetic valve 25, air cleaner 26, air pipe 27; the air pipe 27 is connected with an inlet of the air cleaner 26, an outlet of the air cleaner 26 is connected with an air inlet of the electromagnetic valve 25, and two air outlets of the electromagnetic valve 25 are respectively connected with two air inlets of the air cylinder 9.
The working principle is as follows: when a crawler-type harvester C of a certain machine type is tested for the first time, after a driver drives the crawler-type harvester C to a set position, the tester needs to rotate a handle of a manual operation box on the upright post 2, move the four lifting arms 15 to four lifting points of the crawler-type harvester C respectively and lift the four lifting arms to positions 10mm away from the bottom surface of the frame, record the positions and the heights of the four lifting arms 15 through an electric control system B, and then reset the four lifting arms 15; the secondary rising height and the test time are preset through the touch screen 22 of the electronic control system B, and the tester presses the 'test start' button 18 of the electronic control system B to start the test.
The front-back movement speed reducing motor 8 drives the four upright posts 2 to move to memory positions along the front-back linear guide rails 7 respectively; the spiral lifter 1 drives the lifting arm 15 to ascend to the memory height along the upper and lower linear guide rails 3; the left-right moving speed reducing motor 6 drives the lifting arm 15 to move along the left-right linear guide rail 5 until the side positioning block 13 touches the frame to rotate, so that the left-right in-place switch 10 is triggered to stop, the lifting arm 15 rises to the upper end face of the supporting block 12 to touch the frame, so that the up-down in-place switch 11 is triggered to stop, after the lifting arm 15 stops acting, the electric control system B gives a signal, one end of the electromagnetic valve 25 is electrified, the valve is opened, a factory air source enters the air cleaner 26 through the air pipe 27, enters the rodless cavity of the air cylinder 9 through the valve, pushes the piston rod 9 to extend out, and drives the locking claw 14 to; after the four lifting arms 15 are locked, the lifting arms continue to ascend to the preset secondary height. After the test is finished, the tester presses any one of a 'return' button 19 or an 'end of test' button 20 of an electronic control system B, the lifting arm 15 descends, the crawler of the crawler-type harvester C falls to the ground, the electronic control system B gives a signal, the other end of the electromagnetic valve 25 is electrified, an air source enters a rod cavity of the air cylinder 9 through a valve, a piston rod of the air cylinder 9 returns, the locking claw 14 loosens a chassis frame of the crawler-type harvester C, the lifting arm 15 resets to a position before the test, and the driver drives the crawler-type harvester C to exit from the test bed.
When the next crawler-type harvester C is tested, if the machine type is not changed, the tester only needs to press the 'test start' button 18 on the panel of the electronic control system B after the machine type is driven into the set position. When changing models, the tester needs to re-register and preset, and then presses the "test start" button 18 on the panel of the electronic control system B.
The test method of the no-load running-in test device of the whole crawler-type harvester is as follows:
【1】 Driving the crawler-type harvester C to stop in a test area;
【2】 Turning on the power switch 23, and turning on the three indicator lights 24;
【3】 The key switch 16 is turned on, and the touch screen 22 enters a control interface;
【4】 Opening the gas source valve 21;
【5】 Clicking a positioning button on the touch screen 22 to enter a positioning interface;
【6】 Inputting model names of no more than ten characters, clicking corresponding model name relocation setting, and entering a model location interface;
【7】 Positioning a manual/automatic knob 17 to a manual mode, operating a manual operation box on any one of the four upright columns 2, and adjusting a supporting block 12 of a lifting arm 15 to a position 1 cm below a corresponding lifting point of a C frame of the crawler-type harvester;
【8】 Repeating the step (7), and adjusting the other three lifting arms 15 to the corresponding positions described in the step (7);
【9】 Clicking a 'positioning determination' button on the touch screen 22 to write the real-time position into the positioning position; returning to the positioning interface; clicking a 'selection model' button, returning to the main interface, and changing the test model into the model just positioned and selected; if the model is the located model, the locating data of the model is stored in the control system, and the model is selected by clicking a model selection button of the locating interface;
【10】 Clicking a 'setting interface' button on a main interface to set the lifting height, the stretching time and the lifting time;
【11】 The manual/automatic knob 17 is positioned to an automatic mode, and a test start button 18 is clicked, so that the device automatically completes the actions of front-back up-and-down movement, left-right extension, lifting and locking;
【12】 After the no-load running-in test of the crawler-type harvester C is finished, one of a 'return' button 19 or a 'test finishing' button 20 is clicked, and the device automatically finishes actions of 'landing', 'loosening', 'disengaging', 'left-right retracting' and 'returning to the original position'; the vertical column 2 does not return to the zero point in the front-back up-down motion and is kept at the position of the machine type, so that the vertical column is suitable for the next machine type consistent with the current machine type, and the test rhythm is accelerated; after the test, all the upright columns 2 return to the safe positions, so that the test stand is suitable for the situation that the test is finished and the stand is shut down for work in one day;
【13】 Carrying out the next test, and repeating the steps from (11) to (12) if the model is the same model; and if the model is changed into a different model, repeating the steps from (5) to (12).
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that changes may be made in the form and detail of the embodiments described herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The invention is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. No-load running-in test device of complete machine of crawler-type harvester includes: the device comprises a lifting mechanism (A), an electric control system (B), a crawler-type harvester (C) and a pneumatic system (D); the method is characterized in that: the four lifting mechanisms (A) are fixedly arranged on the horizontal ground through foundation bolts, every two lifting mechanisms are respectively arranged on two sides of the crawler-type harvester (C), the electric control system (B) is connected with one lifting mechanism (A), and the pneumatic system (D) is connected with the other lifting mechanism (A).
2. The no-load running-in test device for the whole crawler-type harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lifting mechanism (A) comprises: the device comprises a spiral lifter (1), an upright post (2), an upper linear guide rail, a lower linear guide rail (3), a lifting seat (4), a left linear guide rail, a right linear guide rail (5), a left reduction motor and a right reduction motor (6), a front linear guide rail and a rear linear guide rail (7), a front reduction motor and a rear reduction motor (8), a cylinder (9), a left in-place switch and a right in-place switch (10), an upper in-place switch and a lower in-place switch (11), a supporting block (12), a side positioning block; a screw rod of the spiral elevator (1) is downwards arranged at the top end of the upright post (2), a lifting seat (4) is arranged at the end part of the screw rod of the spiral elevator (1), and the lifting seat (4) can move up and down in the upright post (2) along the upper and lower linear guide rails (3); the left-right moving speed reducing motor (6) is connected with the lifting seat (4), the lifting arm (15) can move left and right in the upright post (2) along the left-right linear guide rail (5), the front-back moving speed reducing motor (8) is connected with the upright post (2), and the upright post (2) can move front and back along the front-back linear guide rail (7); the inner wall of the front end of the lifting arm (15) is provided with the cylinder (9), the piston of the cylinder (9) extends out of a large circular hole in the front end of the lifting arm (15) and is connected with the rear end of the locking claw (14), the supporting block (12) is arranged at the front end of the lifting arm (15), the upper and lower in-place switches (11) are arranged in the middle of the supporting block (12), the left and right in-place switches (10) are arranged in a small circular hole in the front end of the lifting arm (15), and the side positioning block (13) is arranged at the top of the front end of the lifting.
3. The no-load running-in test device for the whole crawler-type harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electronic control system (B) comprises: a key switch (16), a manual/automatic knob (17), a test start button (18), a return button (19), a test end button (20), an air source valve (21), a touch screen (22), a power switch (23) and an indicator light (24); the middle part of the electric control system B is provided with a touch screen (22), one side of the touch screen (22) is sequentially provided with three indicator lamps (24), a power switch (23) is arranged between the three indicator lamps (24) and the touch screen (22), and the other side of the touch screen (22) is sequentially provided with a key switch (16), a manual/automatic knob (17), a test start button (18), a return button (19) and a test end button (20); an air source valve (21) is arranged on the side part of the electric control system B.
4. The no-load running-in test device for the whole crawler-type harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pneumatic system (D) comprises: the air purifier comprises an air cylinder (9), an electromagnetic valve (25), an air cleaner (26) and an air pipe (27); the air pipe (27) is connected with the inlet of the air cleaner (26), the outlet of the air cleaner (26) is connected with the air inlet of the electromagnetic valve (25), and two air outlets of the electromagnetic valve (25) are respectively connected with two air inlets of the air cylinder (9).
5. The no-load running-in test device for the whole crawler-type harvester according to claim 1, which comprises the following specific test methods:
【1】 Driving the crawler-type harvester (C) to stop in the test area;
【2】 Turning on a power switch (23), and turning on three indicator lamps (24);
【3】 A key switch (16) is turned on, and a touch screen (22) enters a control interface;
【4】 Opening an air source valve (21);
【5】 Clicking a positioning button on a touch screen (22) to enter a positioning interface;
【6】 Inputting model names of no more than ten characters, clicking corresponding model name relocation setting, and entering a model location interface;
【7】 Positioning a manual/automatic knob (17) to a manual mode, operating a manual operation box on any one upright post (2) of the four upright posts (2), and adjusting a supporting block (12) of a lifting arm (15) to a position 1 cm below a corresponding lifting point of a frame of the crawler-type harvester (C);
【8】 Repeating the step (7), and adjusting the other three lifting arms (15) to the corresponding positions described in the step (7);
【9】 Clicking a 'positioning determination' button on a touch screen (22) to write the real-time position into a positioning position; returning to the positioning interface; clicking a 'selection model' button, returning to the main interface, and changing the test model into the model just positioned and selected; if the model is the located model, the locating data of the model is stored in the control system, and the model is selected by clicking a model selection button of the locating interface;
【10】 Clicking a 'setting interface' button on a main interface to set the lifting height, the stretching time and the lifting time;
【11】 The manual/automatic knob (17) is positioned to an automatic mode, and a test start button (18) is clicked, so that the device automatically completes the actions of front-back up-and-down movement, left-right extension, lifting and locking;
【12】 After the no-load running-in test of the crawler-type harvester (C) is finished, one of a 'return' button (19) or a 'test finishing' button (20) is clicked, and the device automatically finishes 'landing', 'loosening', 'disengaging', 'left-right retracting' and 'returning to the original position'; the vertical column (2) does not return to the zero point in the front-back up-down motion and is kept at the position of the machine type, so that the vertical column is suitable for the next machine type consistent with the machine type at this time, and the test rhythm is accelerated; after the test is finished, all four upright posts (2) return to the safe position, so that the test stand is suitable for the situation that the test is finished and the stand is shut down for work in one day;
【13】 Carrying out the next test, and repeating the steps from (11) to (12) if the model is the same model; and if the model is changed into a different model, repeating the steps from (5) to (12).
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