CN112595451A - Magnetic liquid sensor - Google Patents
Magnetic liquid sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN112595451A CN112595451A CN202011350227.0A CN202011350227A CN112595451A CN 112595451 A CN112595451 A CN 112595451A CN 202011350227 A CN202011350227 A CN 202011350227A CN 112595451 A CN112595451 A CN 112595451A
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- permanent magnet
- cavity
- chamber
- magnetic liquid
- hall element
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L9/00—Measuring steady of quasi-steady pressure of fluid or fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
- G01L9/14—Measuring steady of quasi-steady pressure of fluid or fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means involving the displacement of magnets, e.g. electromagnets
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
- G01P15/02—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses
- G01P15/08—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a magnetic liquid sensor which comprises a shell, a first permanent magnet, a coil, a measuring assembly and a pressure adjusting assembly, wherein a first cavity is formed in the shell, magnetic liquid is filled in the first cavity, the first permanent magnet is arranged in the first cavity and covers the first permanent magnet so that the first permanent magnet is suspended in the first cavity, the coil is wound on the periphery of the shell, the measuring assembly comprises a first Hall element, a second Hall element and a voltmeter, the first Hall element and the second Hall element are arranged on the shell and positioned on two sides of the coil, the first Hall element and the second Hall element are in differential connection, the voltmeter is connected with the first Hall element and the second Hall element, the pressure adjusting assembly is connected with the shell, and the pressure adjusting assembly is used for adjusting the pressure in the first cavity. The magnetic liquid sensor of the embodiment of the invention can measure acceleration and micro-pressure, and the accuracy of the measurement result is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sensors, in particular to a magnetic liquid sensor.
Background
The magnetic liquid is a novel functional material which has the liquidity of the liquid and the response characteristic to a magnetic field. The magnetic liquid acceleration sensor developed by utilizing the characteristics of the magnetic liquid has the advantages of no mechanical wear, high sensitivity, impact resistance, low energy consumption, good low-frequency response and the like. Meanwhile, the micro-pressure sensor developed by utilizing the characteristics of the magnetic liquid has higher sensitivity, linearity, reliability and resolution.
However, the magnetic liquid sensor in the related art is only a single-function sensor, that is, the magnetic liquid sensor in the related art can only measure acceleration alone or micro pressure alone, and the accuracy of the measurement result of the magnetic liquid sensor in the related art is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a magnetic liquid sensor, and the accuracy of the measurement result of the magnetic liquid sensor is high.
A magnetic liquid sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the magnetic liquid separation device comprises a shell, a first liquid separation device and a second liquid separation device, wherein a first cavity is formed in the shell, and magnetic liquid is filled in the first cavity; the first permanent magnet is arranged in the first cavity and can move between a first position and a second position, and the magnetic liquid coats at least part of the first permanent magnet so that the first permanent magnet is suspended in the first cavity; a coil wound around an outer periphery of the housing, a dimension of the coil in a longitudinal direction of the housing being equal to a dimension of the first permanent magnet in the longitudinal direction of the housing, the coil and the first permanent magnet being disposed opposite to each other in an inside-outside direction of the housing in the first position, and the coil and the first permanent magnet being displaced from each other in an axial direction of the housing in the second position; the measuring assembly comprises a first Hall element, a second Hall element and a voltmeter, the first Hall element is arranged on the shell and located on one side of the coil in the length direction of the shell, the second Hall element is arranged on the shell and located on the other side of the coil in the length direction of the shell, the first Hall element and the second Hall element are in differential connection, and the voltmeter is connected with the first Hall element and the second Hall element respectively; the pressure adjusting assembly is connected with the shell and used for adjusting the pressure in the first cavity.
According to the magnetic liquid sensor provided by the embodiment of the invention, the pressure in the first cavity can be adjusted through the pressure adjusting assembly, so that the first permanent magnet can be accurately restored to the initial position, the accuracy of the measurement result of the magnetic liquid sensor can be improved, and the magnetic liquid sensor can measure acceleration and also can measure micro-pressure.
In some embodiments, the pressure regulating assembly includes a pressure balance cavity and a pressure regulating valve, the pressure balance cavity is connected to the housing, an air accommodating cavity is formed in the pressure balance cavity and communicated with the first cavity, and the pressure regulating valve is arranged on the pressure balance cavity to regulate the pressure in the air accommodating cavity.
In some embodiments, the magnetic liquid sensor further includes a first seal ring, a first groove is formed on the pressure balance cavity, the first seal ring is disposed in the first groove, and an inner circumferential surface of the first seal ring is tightly fitted with the housing.
In some embodiments, the magnetic liquid sensor further comprises an end cap removably coupled to the housing.
In some embodiments, the magnetic liquid sensor further includes a second sealing ring, a second groove is formed in the end cap, the second sealing ring is disposed in the second groove, and an outer circumferential surface of the second sealing ring is tightly fitted with the housing.
In some embodiments, the magnetic liquid sensor further includes a sealing plug, the end cap is provided with an end cap hole, the end cap hole penetrates through the end cap along the thickness direction of the end cap, and the sealing plug is detachably connected with the end cap hole.
In some embodiments, the first cavity includes a first sub-cavity, a second sub-cavity and a third sub-cavity which are sequentially communicated in the length direction of the shell, the first permanent magnet is arranged in the second sub-cavity, the cross-sectional area of the first sub-cavity is larger than that of the second sub-cavity, and the cross-sectional area of the third sub-cavity is the same as that of the second sub-cavity.
In some embodiments, the magnetic liquid sensor further includes a second permanent magnet, a third permanent magnet, a first connecting rod, and a second connecting rod, the second permanent magnet is disposed in the first sub-cavity, the magnetic liquid covers at least a portion of the second permanent magnet to suspend the second permanent magnet in the first sub-cavity, the first connecting rod connects the second permanent magnet and the first permanent magnet, and the first connecting rod, the second permanent magnet, and the first permanent magnet are coaxially arranged; the third permanent magnet is arranged in the third cavity, the magnetic liquid coats at least part of the third permanent magnet to enable the third permanent magnet to suspend in the third cavity, the second connecting rod is connected with the third permanent magnet and the first permanent magnet, and the second connecting rod is coaxially arranged with the third permanent magnet and the first permanent magnet.
In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of the second permanent magnet is greater than the cross-sectional area of the second subchamber and the cross-sectional area of the third permanent magnet is greater than the cross-sectional area of the second subchamber.
In some embodiments, the first subchamber and the third subchamber have the same cross-sectional area, and the first subchamber and the third subchamber are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the second subchamber.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a magnetic liquid sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a of fig. 1.
Reference numerals:
the measuring device comprises a shell 1, a first cavity 10, a first sub-cavity 101, a second sub-cavity 102, a third sub-cavity 103, magnetic liquid 11, a first permanent magnet 2, a second permanent magnet 21, a third permanent magnet 22, a first connecting rod 23, a second connecting rod 24, a coil 3, a measuring component 4, a first Hall element 41, a second Hall element 42, a voltmeter 43, a pressure adjusting component 5, a pressure balance cavity 51, a pressure adjusting valve 52, an air accommodating cavity 53, a first portion 511, a second portion 512, a first groove 513, a first sealing ring 61, a second sealing ring 62, an end cover 7, a second groove 71, an end cover hole 72 and a sealing plug 8.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a magnetic liquid sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a case 1, a first permanent magnet 2, a coil 3, a measuring assembly 4, and a pressure adjusting assembly 5.
The housing 1 has a first chamber 10 therein, and the first chamber 10 is filled with a magnetic liquid 11. As shown in fig. 1, the housing 1 is arranged in the left-right direction, and the first chamber 10 is filled with a magnetic liquid 11. Preferably, the housing 1 is substantially cylindrical, and the inner circumferential profile of the cross section of the housing 1 is circular.
The first permanent magnet 2 is disposed in the first chamber 10 and movable between a first position (such as the position of the first permanent magnet 2 in fig. 1) and a second position (not shown), and the magnetic liquid 11 covers at least a portion of the first permanent magnet 2 to suspend the first permanent magnet 2 in the first chamber 10. As shown in fig. 1, the first permanent magnet 2 extends in the left-right direction and is disposed in the first cavity 10, the length direction of the first permanent magnet 2 is substantially parallel to the length direction of the first cavity 10, the magnetic liquid 11 coats the left end of the first permanent magnet 2 and the right end of the first permanent magnet 2, and the magnetic liquid 11 suspends the first permanent magnet 2 in the first cavity 10. Preferably, the first permanent magnet 2 is cylindrical and the axis of the first permanent magnet 2 and the axis of the first cavity 10 coincide.
The coil 3 is wound around the outer periphery of the case 1, and the dimension of the coil 3 in the longitudinal direction of the case 1 (the left-right direction as shown in fig. 1) is equal to the dimension of the first permanent magnet 2 in the longitudinal direction of the case 1. In the first position, the coil 3 and the first permanent magnet 2 are disposed opposite to each other in the inside-outside direction (up-down direction as shown in fig. 1) of the case 1. In the second position, the coil 3 and the first permanent magnet 2 are displaced from each other in the axial direction of the housing 1 (the left-right direction as viewed in fig. 1). As shown in fig. 1, the coil 3 is wound on the outer circumferential surface of the case 1, and the length of the coil 3 is equal to the length of the first permanent magnet 2 in the left-right direction. When the first permanent magnet 2 is at the first position, in the up-down direction, the left end of the coil 3 is aligned with the left end of the first permanent magnet 2, and the right end of the coil 3 is aligned with the right end of the first permanent magnet 2. When the first permanent magnet 2 is in the second position, that is, after the first permanent magnet 2 moves in the left-right direction, the coil 3 and the first permanent magnet 2 are displaced from each other in the left-right direction, that is, on a projection plane orthogonal to the up-down direction, a projection of the coil 3 and a projection of the first permanent magnet 2 do not coincide with each other, or a projection of the coil 3 and a projection of the first permanent magnet 2 do not completely coincide with each other.
The measuring assembly 4 comprises a first hall element 41, a second hall element 42 and a voltmeter 43. The first hall element 41 is provided on the housing 1 and located on one side of the coil 3 in the longitudinal direction of the housing 1 (e.g., the left side of the coil 3 in fig. 1), and the second hall element 42 is provided on the housing 1 and located on the other side of the coil 3 in the longitudinal direction of the housing 1 (e.g., the right side of the coil 3 in fig. 1). The first hall element 41 and the second hall element 42 are differentially connected, and the voltmeter 43 is connected to the first hall element 41 and the second hall element 42, respectively.
As shown in fig. 1, the first hall element 41 is provided on the housing 1 on the left side of the coil 3, the second hall element 42 is provided on the housing 1 on the right side of the coil 3, and the distance between the first hall element 41 and the left end of the coil 3 is equal to the distance between the second hall element 42 and the right end of the coil 3 in the left-right direction. The voltmeter 43 is used to measure the voltage between the first hall element 41 and the second hall element 42.
A pressure regulating assembly 5 is connected to the housing 1 and the pressure regulating assembly 5 is used to regulate the pressure in the first chamber 10. As shown in fig. 1, the right end of the housing 1 has a right opening, and a pressure regulating assembly 5 is connected to the right end of the housing 1 to seal the right opening of the housing 1, the pressure regulating assembly 5 being used to regulate the pressure in the first chamber 10.
According to the magnetic liquid sensor provided by the embodiment of the invention, the pressure adjusting assembly is arranged at one end of the shell, after the first permanent magnet is displaced in the first cavity, the pressure in the first cavity can be adjusted through the pressure adjusting assembly, so that the first permanent magnet can be accurately restored to the initial position, the accuracy of the measurement result of the magnetic liquid sensor can be improved, and the magnetic liquid sensor can measure acceleration and also can measure micro-pressure.
In some embodiments. The pressure regulating assembly 5 includes a pressure balancing chamber 51 and a pressure regulating valve 52. The pressure balance cavity 51 is connected with the shell 1, an air containing cavity 53 is arranged in the pressure balance cavity 51, the air containing cavity 53 is communicated with the first cavity 10, and a pressure regulating valve 52 is arranged on the pressure balance cavity 51 to regulate the pressure in the air containing cavity 53.
As shown in fig. 1, the right end of the housing 1 is provided with a right opening, the pressure balance cavity 51 is sleeved on the right end of the housing 1 to seal the right opening of the housing 1, an air accommodating cavity 53 is arranged in the pressure balance cavity 51, and the air accommodating cavity 53 is communicated with the first cavity 10. The pressure regulating valve 52 is arranged on the pressure balancing cavity 51, the left end of the pressure regulating valve 52 penetrates through the pressure balancing cavity 51 and then extends into the air accommodating cavity 53, the pressure regulating valve 52 can inflate the air accommodating cavity 53 or suck air from the air accommodating cavity 53, and the pressure regulating valve 52 can be used for regulating the pressure in the air accommodating cavity 53 and the first cavity 10.
In some embodiments, the pressure balancing cavity 51 comprises a first portion 511 and a second portion 512 connected in the length direction of the housing 1. The first portion 511 is fitted over the housing 1, the second portion 512 has an air accommodating chamber 53 therein, and the pressure regulating valve 52 is provided on the second portion 512 to regulate the pressure in the air accommodating chamber 53.
As shown in fig. 1, the pressure balance chamber 51 includes a first portion 511 and a second portion 512, the second portion 512 is connected to a right end of the first portion 511, and the first portion 511 is fitted over the housing 1.
In some embodiments, the magnetic liquid sensor further includes a first sealing ring 61, the pressure balance chamber 51 is provided with a first groove 513, the first sealing ring 61 is disposed in the first groove 513, and an inner circumferential surface of the first sealing ring 61 is tightly fitted with the housing 1.
As shown in fig. 1, an annular first groove 513 is disposed on an inner circumferential surface of the pressure balance cavity 51, when the pressure balance cavity 51 is sleeved on the housing 1, the first groove 513 is adjacent to an outer circumferential surface of the housing 1, the first sealing ring 61 is disposed in the first groove 513, the inner circumferential surface of the first sealing ring 61 abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the housing 1, and the outer circumferential surface of the first sealing ring 61 abuts against the inner circumferential surface of the pressure balance cavity 51.
In some embodiments, the magnetic liquid sensor further comprises an end cap 7, the end cap 7 being removably connected to the housing 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the left end of the housing 1 is provided with a left opening, and the cap 7 is detachably attached to the left end of the housing 1. When the end cap 7 is coupled to the case 1 to seal the left opening of the case 1, the magnetic liquid sensor may be used to measure acceleration, and the acceleration signal is converted into a voltage and output using the first hall element 41, the second hall element 42, and the voltmeter 43, which are differentially connected. When the end cover 7 is disconnected from the housing 1, the magnetic liquid sensor can be used for measuring micro-pressure, and a micro-pressure signal is converted into a voltage by using the first hall element 41, the second hall element 42 and the voltmeter 43 which are connected in a differential mode and is output.
In some embodiments, the magnetic liquid sensor further includes a second sealing ring 62, the end cap 7 is provided with a second groove 71, the second sealing ring 62 is arranged in the second groove 71, and the outer peripheral surface of the second sealing ring 62 is tightly fitted with the housing 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the end cap 7 is provided with a second annular groove 71, when the end cap 7 is connected to the housing 1, the second annular groove 71 is adjacent to the inner circumferential surface of the housing 1, the second seal ring 62 is provided in the second annular groove 71, the inner circumferential surface of the second seal ring 62 abuts against the end cap 7, and the outer circumferential surface of the second seal ring 62 abuts against the inner circumferential surface of the housing 1.
In some embodiments, the magnetic liquid sensor further includes a sealing plug 8, the end cap 7 is provided with an end cap hole 72, the end cap hole 72 penetrates the end cap 7 along a thickness direction (a left-right direction as viewed in fig. 1) of the end cap 7, and the sealing plug 8 is detachably connected to the end cap hole 71.
As shown in fig. 1, the cover 7 is connected to the left end of the housing 1 to seal the left opening of the housing 1, the cover 7 is provided with a cover hole 72, the cover hole 72 penetrates the cover 7 in the left-right direction, and the sealing plug 8 is detachably provided in the cover hole 72. When the sealing plug 8 is disposed in the end cap hole 72, the magnetic liquid sensor can be used to measure acceleration, and the acceleration signal is converted into a voltage and output by using the first hall element 41, the second hall element 42, and the voltmeter 43, which are differentially connected. When the sealing plug 8 is removed from the end cap hole 72, the magnetic liquid sensor can be used to measure the micro-pressure, and the micro-pressure signal is converted into a voltage and output by using the first hall element 41, the second hall element 42, and the voltmeter 43, which are differentially connected.
In some embodiments, the first chamber 10 includes a first sub-chamber 101, a second sub-chamber 102 and a third sub-chamber 103 which are sequentially communicated in the length direction of the housing 1, the first permanent magnet 2 is arranged in the second sub-chamber 102, the cross-sectional area of the first sub-chamber 101 is larger than that of the second sub-chamber 102, and the cross-sectional area of the third sub-chamber 103 is equal to that of the second sub-chamber 102.
As shown in fig. 1, the first cavity 10 includes a first sub-cavity 101, a second sub-cavity 102 and a third sub-cavity 103, the first permanent magnet 2 is cylindrical, the first cavity 10 is cylindrical, and the diameter of the first sub-cavity 101 and the diameter of the third sub-cavity 103 are both larger than the diameter of the second sub-cavity 102. The first permanent magnet 2 is disposed in the second sub-chamber 102, whereby the amount of the magnetic liquid 11 can be reduced. Preferably, the diameter of the first subchamber 101 is the same as the diameter of the third subchamber 103.
In some embodiments, the magnetic liquid sensor further comprises a second permanent magnet 21, a third permanent magnet 22, a first connecting rod 23 and a second connecting rod 24. The second permanent magnet 21 is arranged in the first cavity 101, the magnetic liquid 11 coats at least part of the second permanent magnet 21 to enable the second permanent magnet 21 to be suspended in the first cavity 101, the first connecting rod 23 is connected with the second permanent magnet 21 and the first permanent magnet 2, and the first connecting rod 23, the second permanent magnet 21 and the first permanent magnet 2 are coaxially arranged. The third permanent magnet 22 is arranged in the third subchamber 103, the magnetic liquid 11 coats at least part of the third permanent magnet 22 so that the third permanent magnet 22 is suspended in the third subchamber 103, the second connecting rod 24 is connected with the third permanent magnet 22 and the first permanent magnet 2, and the second connecting rod 24, the third permanent magnet 22 and the first permanent magnet 2 are coaxially arranged.
As shown in fig. 1, the first connecting rod 23 and the second connecting rod 24 are substantially circular rods, and the second permanent magnet 21 and the third permanent magnet 22 are substantially circular plates. The second permanent magnet 21 is arranged in the first sub-cavity 101 in a suspending manner, the left end of the first connecting rod 23 is connected with the second permanent magnet 21, and the right end of the first connecting rod 23 is connected with the left end face of the first permanent magnet 2. The third permanent magnet 22 is arranged in the third sub-cavity 103 in a suspending manner, the right end of the second connecting rod 24 is connected with the third permanent magnet 22, and the left end of the second connecting rod 24 is connected with the right end face of the first permanent magnet 2. Preferably, the axis of the first permanent magnet 2, the axis of the second permanent magnet 21, the axis of the third permanent magnet 22, the axis of the first connecting rod 23 and the axis of the second connecting rod 24 are on the same straight line. Therefore, the accuracy of the measurement result of the magnetic liquid sensor is improved.
In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of the second permanent magnet 21 is greater than the cross-sectional area of the second sub-chamber 102, and the cross-sectional area of the third permanent magnet 22 is greater than the cross-sectional area of the second sub-chamber 102.
As shown in fig. 1, the diameter of the second permanent magnet 21 and the diameter of the third permanent magnet 22 are both larger than the diameter of the second sub-chamber 102, whereby the moving distance of the first permanent magnet 2 in the first chamber 10 can be limited. Preferably, the diameter of the second permanent magnet 21 is the same as the diameter of the third permanent magnet 22.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the cross-sectional areas of the first subchamber 101 and the third subchamber 103 are the same, and the first subchamber 101 and the third subchamber 103 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second subchamber 102.
Some specific exemplary magnetic liquid sensors according to the present invention are described below with reference to fig. 1-2.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a magnetic liquid sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a housing 1, a first permanent magnet 2, a second permanent magnet 21, a third permanent magnet 22, a first connecting rod 23, a second connecting rod 24, a coil 3, a measuring assembly 4, a pressure adjusting assembly 5, a first sealing ring 61, a second sealing ring 62, an end cap 7, and a sealing plug 8.
The shell 1 is generally cylindrical, the shell 1 is arranged along the left-right direction, the first cavity 10 is filled with the magnetic liquid 11, the first cavity 10 comprises a first sub-cavity 101, a second sub-cavity 102 and a third sub-cavity 103 which are sequentially communicated in the left-right direction, and the diameter of the first sub-cavity 101 is the same as that of the third sub-cavity 103 and is larger than that of the second sub-cavity 102.
The first permanent magnet 2 is cylindrical, the left end of the first permanent magnet 2 and the right end of the first permanent magnet 2 are coated with the magnetic liquid 11, and the first permanent magnet 2 is suspended in the second sub-cavity 102 by the magnetic liquid 11. The first connecting rod 23 and the second connecting rod 24 are substantially circular rods, and the second permanent magnet 21 and the third permanent magnet 22 are substantially circular plates. The second permanent magnet 21 is arranged in the first sub-cavity 101 in a suspending manner, the left end of the first connecting rod 23 is connected with the second permanent magnet 21, and the right end of the first connecting rod 23 is connected with the left end face of the first permanent magnet 2. The third permanent magnet 22 is arranged in the third sub-cavity 103 in a suspending manner, the right end of the second connecting rod 24 is connected with the third permanent magnet 22, and the left end of the second connecting rod 24 is connected with the right end face of the first permanent magnet 2.
The coil 3 is wound on the outer circumferential surface of the housing 1, and the length of the coil 3 is equal to the length of the first permanent magnet 2 in the left-right direction. When the first permanent magnet 2 is at the first position, in the up-down direction, the left end of the coil 3 is aligned with the left end of the first permanent magnet 2, and the right end of the coil 3 is aligned with the right end of the first permanent magnet 2. When the first permanent magnet 2 is in the second position, that is, after the first permanent magnet 2 moves in the left-right direction, the coil 3 and the first permanent magnet 2 are staggered in the up-down direction, that is, on a projection plane orthogonal to the up-down direction, a projection of the coil 3 and a projection of the first permanent magnet 2 do not coincide with each other, or a projection of the coil 3 and a projection of the first permanent magnet 2 do not completely coincide with each other.
The measuring assembly 4 comprises a first hall element 41, a second hall element 42 and a voltmeter 43. The first hall element 41 is provided on the case 1 and located on the left side of the coil 3, the second hall element 42 is provided on the case 1 and located on the right side of the coil 3, and in the left-right direction, the distance between the first hall element 41 and the left end of the coil 3 is equal to the distance between the second hall element 42 and the right end of the coil 3. The voltmeter 43 is used to measure the voltage between the first hall element 41 and the second hall element 42.
The pressure regulating assembly 5 includes a pressure balancing chamber 51 and a pressure regulating valve 52. The pressure balance cavity 51 is sleeved on the right end of the shell 1, an air accommodating cavity 53 is formed in the pressure balance cavity 51, and the air accommodating cavity 53 is communicated with the first cavity 10. A pressure regulating valve 52 is provided on the pressure equalizing chamber 51, and the pressure regulating valve 52 communicates with the air accommodating chamber 53.
The pressure balance chamber 51 is provided with a first groove 513, and the first sealing ring 61 is arranged in the first groove 513.
The left end of casing 1 is equipped with left opening, and end cover 7 detachably links to each other with the left end of casing 1, is equipped with second recess 71 on the end cover 7, and second sealing washer 62 is established in second recess 71, is equipped with end cover hole 72 on the end cover 7, and end cover hole 72 runs through end cover 7 along left and right directions, and sealing plug 8 detachably establishes in end cover hole 72.
The specific processes of measuring acceleration and measuring micro-pressure of the magnetic liquid sensor according to the embodiment of the invention are as follows:
firstly, the end cover 7 is made of a non-magnetic material, the shell 1 is made of a non-magnetic material, the pressure adjusting assembly 5 is made of a non-magnetic material, the diameters of the first connecting rod 23 and the second connecting rod 24 are the same, and the ratio of the diameters of the first connecting rod 23 and the second connecting rod 24 to the diameter of the first permanent magnet 2 is 1/3-1/2.
The first connecting rod 23 and the second connecting rod 24 are respectively fixed on the left end face and the right end face of the first permanent magnet 2, the axes of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are coincident, the whole is arranged in the shell 1, and the first permanent magnet 2 is suspended in the second cavity 102 through the magnetic liquid 6.
Then, the second permanent magnet 21 and the third permanent magnet 22 are respectively connected with the first connecting rod 23 and the second connecting rod 24, the second permanent magnet 21 is suspended in the first sub-cavity 103 through the magnetic liquid 6, and the third permanent magnet 22 is suspended in the third sub-cavity 103 through the magnetic liquid 6.
Finally, the coil 3, the measuring assembly 4, the pressure regulating assembly 5, the first sealing ring 61, the second sealing ring 62, the end cap 7 and the sealing plug 8 are mounted on the housing 2.
When acceleration measurement is performed, the sealing plug 8 is provided in the end cap 7, and the magnetic liquid sensor is moved in the left-right direction in which the first permanent magnet 2 and the coil 3 are staggered from each other. Specifically, the first hall element 41 and the second hall element 42 may be powered by a direct current power supply, when the sensor does not work, that is, there is no external acceleration, the first permanent magnet 2 is in the middle equilibrium position, the scalar values of the magnetic induction at the first hall element 41 and the second hall element 42 are equal, the first hall element 41 and the second hall element 42 output equal voltages, the two hall elements in differential connection are connected to the voltmeter 43, and the voltmeter 43 reads zero.
When the external world generates acceleration, the first permanent magnet 2 moves in the left-right direction to generate axial displacement, so that the magnetic induction scalar values at the first hall element 41 and the second hall element 42 are changed, that is, the acceleration signal is converted into a magnetic field signal and is input into the first hall element 41 and the second hall element 42, the magnetic field signal is converted into a voltage signal after passing through the first hall element 41 and the second hall element 42, the differential voltage is output to the voltmeter 43, and the reading change of the voltmeter 43 reflects the change of the acceleration.
When the micro-pressure measurement is performed, the sealing plug 8 is taken out from the end cover 7, before the measurement, it is first checked whether the reading of the voltmeter 43 is zero, if the output voltage is not equal to zero, the pressure regulating valve 52 should be opened first, and a certain amount of gas should be filled or pumped in the air accommodating cavity 53 until the reading of the voltmeter 43 is zero, and the pressure regulating valve 52 is closed, thereby completing the zero adjustment.
The end cover hole 72 is connected with the measured medium, if the pressure of the measured medium is greater than the pressure in the first cavity 10, the first permanent magnet 2 will move to the right side, the gas in the first cavity 10 is compressed, and the first permanent magnet 2 stops moving until the pressures of the left and right ends of the first permanent magnet 2 are equal, and at this time, the first hall element 41 and the second hall element 42 detect the magnetic field intensity at the first permanent magnet 2 and output a voltage signal. Wherein, in the pressure range below 1000Pa, the magnitude of the pressure difference and the output voltage value have a linear relation, and the linearity is less than 1%.
Further, the measurement range and sensitivity of the magnetic liquid sensor can be adjusted by changing the volume of the air accommodating chamber 53.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" and the like mean that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A magnetic liquid sensor, comprising:
the magnetic liquid separation device comprises a shell, a first liquid separation device and a second liquid separation device, wherein a first cavity is formed in the shell, and magnetic liquid is filled in the first cavity;
the first permanent magnet is arranged in the first cavity and can move between a first position and a second position, and the magnetic liquid coats at least part of the first permanent magnet so that the first permanent magnet is suspended in the first cavity;
a coil wound around an outer periphery of the housing, a dimension of the coil in a longitudinal direction of the housing being equal to a dimension of the first permanent magnet in the longitudinal direction of the housing, the coil and the first permanent magnet being disposed opposite to each other in an inside-outside direction of the housing in the first position, and the coil and the first permanent magnet being displaced from each other in an axial direction of the housing in the second position;
the measuring assembly comprises a first Hall element, a second Hall element and a voltmeter, the first Hall element is arranged on the shell and located on one side of the coil in the length direction of the shell, the second Hall element is arranged on the shell and located on the other side of the coil in the length direction of the shell, the first Hall element and the second Hall element are in differential connection, and the voltmeter is connected with the first Hall element and the second Hall element respectively;
the pressure adjusting assembly is connected with the shell and used for adjusting the pressure in the first cavity.
2. The magnetic fluid sensor according to claim 1, wherein the pressure adjustment assembly includes a pressure balance chamber and a pressure adjustment valve, the pressure balance chamber is connected to the housing, an air accommodating chamber is provided in the pressure balance chamber, the air accommodating chamber is communicated with the first chamber, and the pressure adjustment valve is provided on the pressure balance chamber to adjust the pressure in the air accommodating chamber.
3. The magnetic liquid sensor according to claim 2, further comprising a first sealing ring, wherein a first groove is formed in the pressure balance cavity, the first sealing ring is disposed in the first groove, and an inner circumferential surface of the first sealing ring is tightly fitted to the housing.
4. The magnetic liquid sensor according to claim 1, further comprising an end cap removably coupled to the housing.
5. The magnetic liquid sensor according to claim 4, further comprising a second sealing ring, wherein a second groove is formed in the end cap, the second sealing ring is disposed in the second groove, and an outer circumferential surface of the second sealing ring is in close fit with the housing.
6. The magnetic liquid sensor according to claim 4, further comprising a sealing plug, wherein the end cap is provided with an end cap hole, the end cap hole penetrates through the end cap along a thickness direction of the end cap, and the sealing plug is detachably connected with the end cap hole.
7. The magnetic liquid sensor according to claim 1, wherein the first chamber includes a first sub-chamber, a second sub-chamber and a third sub-chamber which are sequentially communicated in a length direction of the housing, the first permanent magnet is provided in the second sub-chamber, a cross-sectional area of the first sub-chamber is larger than a cross-sectional area of the second sub-chamber, and a cross-sectional area of the third sub-chamber is the same as the cross-sectional area of the second sub-chamber.
8. The magnetic liquid sensor according to claim 7, further comprising a second permanent magnet disposed in the first sub-chamber, a third permanent magnet, a first connecting rod, and a second connecting rod, wherein the magnetic liquid covers at least a portion of the second permanent magnet to suspend the second permanent magnet in the first sub-chamber, the first connecting rod connects the second permanent magnet and the first permanent magnet, and the first connecting rod, the second permanent magnet, and the first permanent magnet are coaxially arranged;
the third permanent magnet is arranged in the third cavity, the magnetic liquid coats at least part of the third permanent magnet to enable the third permanent magnet to suspend in the third cavity, the second connecting rod is connected with the third permanent magnet and the first permanent magnet, and the second connecting rod is coaxially arranged with the third permanent magnet and the first permanent magnet.
9. The magnetic liquid sensor according to claim 8, wherein the cross-sectional area of the second permanent magnet is larger than the cross-sectional area of the second subchamber, and the cross-sectional area of the third permanent magnet is larger than the cross-sectional area of the second subchamber.
10. The magnetic liquid sensor according to claim 9, wherein the first subchamber and the third subchamber are the same in cross-sectional area, and the first subchamber and the third subchamber are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second subchamber.
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