CN112595088A - Numerical control constant temperature heat pump seed drying system - Google Patents
Numerical control constant temperature heat pump seed drying system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112595088A CN112595088A CN202011449041.0A CN202011449041A CN112595088A CN 112595088 A CN112595088 A CN 112595088A CN 202011449041 A CN202011449041 A CN 202011449041A CN 112595088 A CN112595088 A CN 112595088A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
- F26B21/002—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure heating the drying air indirectly, i.e. using a heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/003—Supply-air or gas filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/10—Temperature; Pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/12—Velocity of flow; Quantity of flow, e.g. by varying fan speed, by modifying cross flow area
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of grain processing, in particular to a numerical control constant temperature heat pump seed drying system. The drying system comprises a drying system and a numerical control system, wherein the numerical control system comprises a central processing unit, and a man-machine interface unit, a storage unit, a table storage chip, an input interface unit and an output interface unit which are respectively connected with the central processing unit; the invention adopts a three-section constant-temperature drying technical scheme, and meets the requirements that the temperature cannot be too high in the initial stage of seed drying and the seeds cannot be directly warehoused at the drying temperature. The drying parameters of the seeds with different seed types, seed numbers and water contents are stored in the arranged table storage chip, the drying parameters comprise the time length of three drying time periods and the drying temperature corresponding to the three drying time periods, and the drying requirements of different seeds are met. The numerical control system selects the average value of the temperatures measured by the temperature sensors at three different positions as the temperature value parameter of the drying box, so that the temperature in the drying box can be objectively reflected, and the control precision is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of grain processing, in particular to a numerical control constant temperature heat pump seed drying system.
Background
The seed drying is a technological process of reducing the moisture in the seeds to below the safe moisture content by adopting hot air to reduce mildew and ensure the quality grade and the germination rate of the seeds, and is a key measure for safe storage of the seeds. If the treatment is not good, the drying effect and the germination rate of the seeds are influenced by the internal and external factors in the drying process. In addition, different drying methods are adopted for different types of seeds, and the chemical components and different tissue structures of various types of seeds are greatly different.
The starch seeds, such as rice, corn, wheat and the like, have loose tissue structures, thick capillaries, strong moisture transmission capacity and easy drying. Therefore, higher temperatures can be used for drying.
② protein seeds, such as high protein soybean Dongnong No. 4242, have compact tissue structure, fine capillary and poor moisture transmission capability, but loose seed skin part and easy water loss. If the seeds are dried at a higher temperature, the water is easily removed from the seed coats and the seed coats are broken, so that the vitality of the seeds is affected. The low-temperature slow-speed drying method should be adopted as much as possible.
③ the oil seeds, such as high oil soybean, crofton No. 99, crofton No. 55, etc., contain a large amount of fat; the hydrophilicity is poor, the water is easy to dissipate, and high-temperature drying can be adopted.
In the seed drying process, the control of the drying temperature is very important, and meanwhile, the control of the temperature after drying is also very important. The dried seeds can be stored in a warehouse after being cooled so as to prevent the local dewing phenomenon. Or prolonged exposure to heat resulting in a decline in viability.
Therefore, the requirements for seed drying equipment are different from the drying of other grains. Firstly, the temperature cannot be raised too fast so as to prevent the surface from shrinking too fast to influence the release of internal moisture and the drying effect; secondly, the product can not be directly put in storage at the drying temperature, and a cooling process is needed. In addition, for seeds with different seed parameters (including different seed types, seed numbers and seed moisture contents), the required drying parameters (including optimal drying temperature and time) are different. Proper drying mode is required for different seeds.
Disclosure of Invention
Objects of the present invention (one): the technical scheme of the seed drying system of the numerical control constant temperature heat pump is provided, and the seeds are dried at proper drying temperature and drying time according to different seeds.
Disclosure of the invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses a numerical control constant temperature heat pump seed drying system, which comprises a drying system and a numerical control system;
the drying system comprises a drying box, a condenser, an evaporator, a compressor unit, a first fan, a second fan, a heat exchanger and a filter; the first fan, the condenser, the drying box, the evaporator, the second fan and the heat exchanger are sequentially connected through a ventilating pipeline; the heat exchanger is also respectively connected with the first fan, the filter and the air outlet through a ventilation pipeline; the first fan is connected with a first frequency converter, and the second fan is connected with a second frequency converter;
the numerical control system comprises a central processing unit, and a man-machine interface unit, a storage unit, a table storage chip, an input interface unit and an output interface unit which are respectively connected with the central processing unit;
the input interface unit is respectively connected with an outlet temperature sensor positioned at an outlet of the drying box, an infrared temperature sensor positioned in the drying box, an inlet temperature sensor positioned at an inlet of the drying box, a pressure sensor positioned at an outlet of the compressor unit and a fresh air temperature sensor positioned between the first fan and the heat exchanger;
the output interface unit is respectively connected with the first frequency converter, the second frequency converter and the compressor unit;
the storage unit stores a preset program, the central processing unit reads and executes the preset program, and the preset program comprises the following steps:
reading corresponding drying parameters from the table storage chip according to the seed type, seed number and water content data input by the human-computer interface unit; the parameters comprise drying time periods T1, T2, T3 of first, second and third drying periods and drying temperatures T1, T2 and T3 corresponding to the three drying periods, wherein the temperature value of T2 is the highest, the temperature value of T3 is the lowest, and T1 is between T2 and T3;
starting when drying is started, timing is sequentially carried out according to drying time periods t1, t2 and t3 in the drying parameters, wherein t1 is ended, namely t2 is started, and t2 is ended, namely t3 is started;
when drying starts, the output interface unit controls the starting of the compressor unit, and when the third drying period ends, the output interface unit controls the stopping of the compressor unit;
calculating the average value of the temperatures measured by the outlet temperature sensor, the infrared temperature sensor and the inlet temperature sensor, wherein the average value is used as a temperature value of the drying box;
read drying temperatures T1, T2, T3 required for the three drying periods; comparing the drying box temperature values with drying temperatures T1, T2 and T3 respectively in three drying periods, and adjusting the output pressure of the compressor unit according to the comparison result until the drying temperature corresponding to the drying period is equal to the drying box temperature value;
preferably, the numerical control constant temperature heat pump seed drying system is characterized in that the table storage chip is an EPROM chip.
Preferably, the numerical control constant temperature heat pump seed drying system is characterized in that the EPROM chip is in a plug-in type.
(III) effects of the present invention:
the invention provides a three-section constant-temperature drying technical scheme, wherein the temperature is increased in the first drying period, so that the drying effect is prevented from being influenced by too fast temperature increase; the temperature is reduced at low temperature in the third drying time period, and the product is not directly put in storage at the drying temperature; and drying at high temperature in the second drying time period. For seeds with different seed types, seed numbers and water contents, a table storage chip stores a large number of drying parameter tables obtained through experiments, including the optimal drying parameters aiming at different seeds, and the special requirements of the seeds on drying are met. The numerical control system selects the average temperature of the temperature sensors at three different positions as a drying temperature parameter to control the drying temperature values of the equipment in different drying periods, and the drying box is beneficial to uniform heating.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of temperature and time according to the three-stage constant temperature drying technical scheme of the invention.
In the figure, 1, a drying box; 2. a condenser; 3. an evaporator; 4. a compressor unit; 5. a first fan; 6. a second fan; 7. a first frequency converter; 8. a second frequency converter; 9. a heat exchanger; 10. a filter; 11. an air outlet; 20. a central processing unit; 21. a human-machine interface unit; 22. a storage unit; 23. a table storage chip; 30. an input interface unit; 31. an outlet temperature sensor; 32. an infrared temperature sensor; 33. an inlet temperature sensor; 34. a pressure sensor; 35. a fresh air temperature sensor; 40. an output interface unit; h. drying the air flow; c. fresh air flow; t1, first drying session temperature; t2, second drying period temperature; t3, third drying interval temperature; t1, first drying period duration; t2, a second drying period duration; t3, third period duration.
Detailed Description
Firstly, the structure and the function of each part of the numerical control constant temperature heat pump seed drying system provided by the invention are explained in detail with reference to fig. 1.
The invention provides a numerical control constant temperature heat pump seed drying system, which comprises a drying system and a numerical control system, wherein the drying system comprises a drying box 1, a condenser 2, an evaporator 3, a compressor unit 4, a first fan 5, a second fan 6, a heat exchanger 9 and a filter 10; the first fan 5, the condenser 2, the drying box 1, the evaporator 3, the second fan 6 and the heat exchanger 9 are sequentially connected through a ventilation pipeline. The heat exchanger 9 is a dividing wall type gas medium heat exchanger, which comprises two groups of communicated inlets and outlets; the hotter air flow enters from the inlet of one group of the inlet and the outlet and flows out from the outlet; the cooler air flow enters from the inlet of the other group of the inlet and the outlet and flows out from the outlet to form heat exchange. In this embodiment, the hot drying air flow h from the second fan 6 enters an inlet of the heat exchanger 9, flows out from a communicating outlet and is exhausted to the atmosphere from the air outlet 11; meanwhile, the cooler atmospheric fresh air flow c enters the other inlet of the heat exchanger 9 through the filter 10, flows out from the communicated outlet and is communicated with the first fan 5 through the ventilation pipeline. The process realizes cold and heat exchange and recovers waste heat.
In order to adjust the rotation speed of the fan to control the air volume, in the embodiment, the first fan 5 and the second fan 6 both adopt variable frequency motors; the first fan 5 is connected with a first frequency converter 7, and the second fan 6 is connected with a second frequency converter 8.
The compressor unit 4 includes a compressor and a protection and control function module of the compressor, an outlet of the condenser 2 is connected with an inlet of the evaporator 3 through an expansion valve, and an outlet of the evaporator 3 is connected with an inlet of the condenser 2 through the compressor unit 4. The outlet of the compressor unit 4 is provided with a pressure sensor 34 for detecting the working state and output power of the compressor, so that the numerical control system can control the output pressure of the compressor according to the drying requirement, and the purpose of controlling the temperature of the condenser 2 and further controlling the drying temperature is achieved.
The numerical control system comprises a central processing unit 20, and a man-machine interface unit 21, a storage unit 22, a table storage chip 23, an input interface unit 30 and an output interface unit 40 which are respectively connected with the central processing unit 20.
The human-computer interface unit 21 is a human-computer interaction unit, and in this embodiment, a touch screen is adopted and includes a display module and a parameter writing module. The display module is used for displaying the working state of the equipment, and the working state comprises equipment drying parameters and seed parameters; when equipment has a fault, the display module sends out an alarm signal; the writing module is used for selecting and/or modifying the device drying parameter and the seed parameter.
The input interface unit 30 is connected with: an outlet temperature sensor 31 at the outlet of the drying box, an infrared temperature sensor 32 in the drying box, an inlet temperature sensor 33 at the inlet of the drying box, a pressure sensor 34 at the outlet of the compressor unit 4, and a fresh air temperature sensor 35 between the first fan 5 and the heat exchanger 9. An infrared temperature sensor 32 is used in the drying oven to extract the temperature of the seed surface. The temperature sensors are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the drying box to reflect the temperature of the inlet and the outlet of the drying box, and whether the heating in the drying box is uniform or not is more accurately and objectively reflected by combining the infrared temperature sensor 32 adopted in the drying box; meanwhile, the measurement parameters of a plurality of sensors are selected to be compensation for the measurement error of the temperature of the sensors. And the numerical control system selects the average temperature of the three temperature sensors as a drying temperature parameter to control the drying temperature values of the equipment in different drying periods.
The output interface unit 40 is respectively connected with the first frequency converter 7, the second frequency converter 8 and the compressor unit 4; the central processing unit 20 controls the rotating speeds of the first fan 5 and the second fan 6 through the first frequency converter 7 and the second frequency converter 8 according to a preset program, and further controls the air intake and the air exhaust. The compressor unit 4 receives a command from the central processing unit 20 through the output interface unit 40 to adjust the output pressure.
The seeds have special requirements on drying, and firstly, the drying temperature cannot exceed 43 ℃; secondly, the temperature cannot be raised too fast so as to prevent the surface from shrinking too fast to influence the release of the internal moisture and the drying effect; moreover, the product can not be directly stored at the drying temperature, and a cooling process is needed. In addition, different seed parameters comprise seeds with different seed types, seed numbers and seed water contents, and the required optimal drying process parameters comprise optimal drying temperature and time length.
Therefore, the invention provides a three-stage constant-temperature drying technical scheme, and special requirements of seeds on drying are met. The three-section constant-temperature drying technical scheme is as shown in figure 2: and (3) drying at medium temperature in the first drying period, drying at high temperature in the second drying period, drying at low temperature in the third drying period, cooling to be close to room temperature through low-temperature drying in the third drying period, and warehousing. The drying time periods of the first, second and third drying periods and the drying temperatures of the corresponding periods are T1, T2, T3 and T1, T2, T3, respectively. The high-temperature drying temperature is not more than 43 DEG C
In order to solve the problem that the optimum drying process parameters required for the seeds with different seed parameters, seed numbers and seed water contents are different in drying temperature and drying time, on the basis of a large number of experiments, a corresponding relation table between the drying parameters and the seed parameters is obtained, and the drying time of the seeds with different seed types, seed numbers and seed water contents in the first drying time period, the second drying time period and the third drying time period and the optimum drying temperature required by each drying time period can be found out according to the table. The structure of the table and part of the table data are shown in table one. the units of t1, t2, t3 are hours; and units of T1, T2, T3 are ℃.
Table one:
in the numerical control system of the present embodiment, the table of correspondence between the drying parameters and the seed parameters is stored in the table storage chip 23 in the form of a table, which includes drying time periods T1, T2, T3 of the first, second, and third drying periods corresponding to the types, seed numbers, and water contents of different seeds, and drying temperatures T1, T2, T3 corresponding to the three drying periods, wherein the temperature value T2 is the highest but lower than 43 ℃, the temperature value T3 is the lowest, and the temperature value T1 is between T2 and T3;
the technical scheme provided by the invention comprises the following working processes:
the storage unit 22 stores a preset program, and the central processing unit 20 reads and executes the preset program, wherein the preset program comprises the following steps:
according to the seed type, seed number and water content data input by the man-machine interface unit 21, reading corresponding drying parameters from the table storage chip 23, namely the drying time lengths of three drying time periods required by the seed after the seed type, seed number and water content are determined and the drying temperatures required by the three drying time periods; the parameters comprise drying time periods T1, T2, T3 of first, second and third drying periods and drying temperatures T1, T2 and T3 corresponding to the three drying periods, wherein the temperature value of T2 is the highest, the temperature value of T3 is the lowest, and T1 is between T2 and T3;
starting when drying is started, timing is sequentially carried out according to drying time periods t1, t2 and t3 in the drying parameters, wherein t1 is ended, namely t2 is started, and t2 is ended, namely t3 is started; the starting time of the first time interval and the ending time of each time interval give a time signal for other steps;
according to the time signal, when drying is started, the start of the compressor unit 4 is controlled through the output interface unit 40, and the stop of the compressor unit 4 is controlled through the output interface unit 40 at the end time of the third drying period;
calculating the average value of the temperatures measured by the outlet temperature sensor 31, the infrared temperature sensor 32 and the inlet temperature sensor 33, wherein the average value is used as the temperature value of the drying box 1;
read drying temperatures T1, T2, T3 required for the three drying periods; according to the time signal, the temperature values of the drying box 1 are compared with the drying temperatures T1, T2 and T3 respectively in three drying periods, and the output pressure of the compressor unit 4 is adjusted according to the comparison result until the drying temperature corresponding to the drying period is equal to the temperature value of the drying box 1. That is, the drying temperature T1 is compared with the temperature value of the drying box 1 during the first drying period, and if the drying temperature T1 is higher than the temperature value of the drying box 1, the output pressure of the compressor unit 4 is increased, and then the temperature of the condenser 2 is increased, so that the temperature in the drying box 1 is increased; if the drying temperature T1 is lower than the drying box 1 temperature value, the output pressure of the compressor unit 4 is reduced; until the drying temperature T1 is equal to the drying box 1 temperature value. The control process of other second and third drying periods is the same.
The fresh air temperature sensor 35 is used for detecting the temperature of the fresh air flow c sucked by the first fan 5; when the temperature is lower than the drying temperature value and exceeds 15 ℃, the numerical control system reduces the rotating speed of the first fan 5 according to a preset program, reduces the fresh air suction quantity, and prevents the compressor unit 4 from being overloaded when the fresh air temperature is too low in winter. The purpose of the pressure sensor 34 at the outlet of the compressor unit 4 is to protect the compressor unit 4 against overpressure.
In order to facilitate different application ranges of different customers and simultaneously facilitate protection of intellectual property rights of corresponding relations between a large number of drying process parameters obtained through experiments and the seed parameters, in the numerical control constant temperature heat pump seed drying system provided by the invention, the table storage chip 23 adopts an EPROM chip and can write table data aiming at different application ranges. In order to update data, in the numerical control constant temperature heat pump seed drying system provided by the invention, the EPROM chip is in a plug-in type.
Claims (3)
1. A kind of numerical control constant temperature heat pump seed drying system, including drying system and numerical control system;
the drying system comprises a drying box (1), a condenser (2), an evaporator (3), a compressor unit (4), a first fan (5), a second fan (6), a heat exchanger (9) and a filter (10); the first fan (5), the condenser (2), the drying box (1), the evaporator (3), the second fan (6) and the heat exchanger (9) are sequentially connected through a ventilation pipeline; the heat exchanger (9) is also respectively connected with the first fan (5), the filter (10) and the air outlet (11) through ventilation pipelines; the first fan (5) is connected with a first frequency converter (7), and the second fan (6) is connected with a second frequency converter (8);
the numerical control system comprises a central processing unit (20), and a man-machine interface unit (21), a storage unit (22), a table storage chip (23), an input interface unit (30) and an output interface unit (40) which are respectively connected with the central processing unit (20);
the input interface unit (30) is respectively connected with an outlet temperature sensor (31) positioned at an outlet of the drying box, an infrared temperature sensor (32) positioned in the drying box, an inlet temperature sensor (33) positioned at an inlet of the drying box, a pressure sensor (34) positioned at an outlet of the compressor unit (4) and a fresh air temperature sensor (35) positioned between the first fan (5) and the heat exchanger (9);
the output interface unit (40) is respectively connected with the first frequency converter (7), the second frequency converter (8) and the compressor unit (4);
the storage unit (22) stores a preset program, the central processing unit (20) reads and executes the preset program, and the preset program comprises the following steps:
reading corresponding drying parameters from a table storage chip (23) according to the seed type, seed number and water content data input by a human-computer interface unit (21); the parameters comprise drying time periods T1, T2, T3 of first, second and third drying periods and drying temperatures T1, T2 and T3 corresponding to the three drying periods, wherein the temperature value of T2 is the highest, the temperature value of T3 is the lowest, and T1 is between T2 and T3;
starting when drying is started, timing is sequentially carried out according to drying time periods t1, t2 and t3 in the drying parameters, wherein t1 is ended, namely t2 is started, and t2 is ended, namely t3 is started;
when drying starts, the output interface unit (40) is used for controlling the starting of the compressor unit (4), and the output interface unit (40) is used for controlling the stopping of the compressor unit (4) at the end moment of the third drying period;
calculating the average value of the temperature measured by the outlet temperature sensor (31), the infrared temperature sensor (32) and the inlet temperature sensor (33), wherein the average value is used as the temperature value of the drying box (1);
read drying temperatures T1, T2, T3 required for the three drying periods; and comparing the temperature values of the drying box (1) with the drying temperatures T1, T2 and T3 in three drying periods respectively, and adjusting the output pressure of the compressor unit (4) according to the comparison result until the drying temperature of the corresponding drying period is equal to the temperature value of the drying box (1).
2. The digitally controlled, fixed temperature heat pump seed drying system of claim 1, wherein the table memory chip (23) is an EPROM chip.
3. The numerical control constant temperature heat pump seed drying system of claim 3, wherein the EPROM chip is plug-in.
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| CN202011449041.0A CN112595088A (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2020-12-09 | Numerical control constant temperature heat pump seed drying system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115325813A (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2022-11-11 | 伊岛电器(宁波)有限公司 | Temperature control method and system for terrace dryer |
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Application publication date: 20210402 |