CN112594065B - Gas fuel conditioning system for gas turbine engine and method of designing same - Google Patents

Gas fuel conditioning system for gas turbine engine and method of designing same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112594065B
CN112594065B CN202011419690.6A CN202011419690A CN112594065B CN 112594065 B CN112594065 B CN 112594065B CN 202011419690 A CN202011419690 A CN 202011419690A CN 112594065 B CN112594065 B CN 112594065B
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gas
valve
adjustable throttle
pressure
gas fuel
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CN112594065A (en
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杨柳
崔利丰
李萱莹
张翼鹏
左伟
荣芹芳
才莉
孙丰华
马亚泉
王兆铭
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AECC Shenyang Engine Research Institute
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AECC Shenyang Engine Research Institute
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
    • F02C3/22—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being gaseous at standard temperature and pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/22—Fuel supply systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/22—Fuel supply systems
    • F02C7/232—Fuel valves; Draining valves or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C9/00—Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air- breathing jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C9/26—Control of fuel supply
    • F02C9/32—Control of fuel supply characterised by throttling of fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C9/00—Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air- breathing jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C9/26—Control of fuel supply
    • F02C9/40—Control of fuel supply specially adapted to the use of a special fuel or a plurality of fuels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of design of fuel regulation systems of aviation gas turbine engines, and particularly relates to a gas fuel regulation system for a gas turbine engine and a design method thereof, wherein the design method comprises the following steps: designing a scheme, namely designing a gas fuel regulating system according to basic function requirements; selecting the inner diameter of the pipeline, and calculating the inner diameter of the pipeline in the gas fuel regulating system according to the flow rate range; selecting a nominal path of the component, and determining the nominal path of the component at a corresponding position according to the inner diameter of the pipeline; selecting an adjustable throttle valve, and determining the adjustable throttle valve to be selected according to the nominal diameter, the flow capacity and the like of the valve; and a gas source pressure selecting step, wherein the gas source pressure is determined by considering the pressure loss of the pipeline and the components. The gas fuel regulating system for the gas turbine engine and the design method thereof are safe, reliable and convenient to use, can be directly applied to various gas turbines for ground and ships, and have good market application prospect.

Description

Gas fuel conditioning system for gas turbine engine and method of designing same
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of design of fuel regulation systems of aviation gas turbine engines, and particularly relates to a gas fuel regulation system for a gas turbine engine and a design method thereof.
Background
Gas turbine engines for medium power industries widely use gas fuels such as natural gas, coal bed gas, coke oven gas, blast furnace gas, etc., and accordingly, gas turbine engines are equipped with gas fuel regulating systems in order to regulate the flow of gas fuel as required. Systems for supplying and conditioning gas turbine engine gas fuel on demand are specific applications of pneumatic systems to gas turbine engine fuel conditioning systems. The gas fuel regulating system is widely applied to the industrial gas turbine, but no specific design flow and method of the gas fuel regulating system can be used for reference, so that the related design and debugging experience is not accumulated sufficiently.
Disclosure of Invention
To address at least one of the above issues, the present application provides a gas fuel conditioning system for a gas turbine engine and a method of designing the same.
In a first aspect, the present application discloses a gas fuel conditioning system for a gas turbine engine, disposed between a constant pressure gas source and a combustion chamber, comprising a gas fuel cutoff device, an adjustable throttle valve, a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, a first controller; wherein
The front end of the gas fuel cutting equipment is communicated with the constant pressure gas source through a gas supply pipeline, the rear end of the gas fuel cutting equipment is communicated with the front end of the adjustable throttle valve through a gas supply pipeline, and the gas fuel cutting equipment is used for cutting off gas fuel supply in a preset state;
the rear end of the adjustable throttle valve is communicated with a combustion chamber nozzle through an air supply pipeline, and a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor are respectively arranged on the air supply pipeline at the front end and the rear end of the adjustable throttle valve;
and the first controller is connected with the adjustable throttle valve and is used for adjusting the flow area of the adjustable throttle valve according to the received monitoring values of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor so as to adjust the flow of the gas fuel supplied to the combustion chamber.
According to at least one embodiment of the present application, the gas fuel cutoff apparatus includes:
the front end of the first stop valve is communicated with the constant pressure air source through an air supply pipeline;
the front end of the second stop valve is communicated to the rear end of the first stop valve through an air supply pipeline, and the rear end of the second stop valve is communicated to the front end of the adjustable throttle valve through an air supply pipeline;
the front end of the emptying valve is communicated to the air supply pipeline between the first stop valve and the second stop valve through an exhaust pipeline, and the rear end of the emptying valve is communicated with the atmosphere through the exhaust pipeline;
the second controller is respectively connected with the first stop valve and the emptying valve and is used for respectively controlling the on-off of the first stop valve and the emptying valve;
and the third controller is connected with the second stop valve and used for controlling the on-off of the second stop valve.
According to at least one embodiment of the present application, a temperature sensor is further provided on the air supply line at the front end of the adjustable throttle valve.
According to at least one embodiment of the application, the inner diameter of the air supply pipeline is calculated according to the flow speed of the air supply pipeline within the range of 15-25 m/s;
the inner diameter of the exhaust pipeline is not less than one fourth of the inner diameter of the gas supply pipeline.
According to at least one embodiment of the present application, the nominal diameters of the first stop valve, the second stop valve, and the adjustable throttle valve coincide with the inner diameter of the gas supply line.
And the nominal drift diameter of the emptying valve is consistent with the inner diameter of the exhaust pipeline.
According to at least one embodiment of the present application, the source pressure of the constant pressure gas source is 1.1 times the adjustable choke front pressure.
According to at least one embodiment of the present application, the equivalent area is calculated to be at its specified maximum value and the flow rate is 1.1 times the maximum gas fuel flow rate when calculating the adjustable pre-throttle pressure for the maximum gas fuel for the adjustable throttle valve.
In a second aspect, the present application further discloses a method of designing a gas fuel conditioning system for a gas turbine engine, comprising the steps of:
designing a scheme, namely designing a gas fuel regulating system according to basic function requirements; wherein, basic function requirements include:
a. according to the requirement of a main engine, supplying gas fuel to the combustion chamber in a single zone or multiple zones;
b. regulating the flow of gaseous fuel to each zone of the combustion chamber as commanded by the controller;
c. when the vehicle is stopped, the gas fuel supply is reliably cut off;
selecting the inner diameter of the pipeline, and calculating the inner diameter of the pipeline in the gas fuel regulating system according to the flow rate range;
selecting a nominal path of the component, and determining the nominal path of the component at a corresponding position according to the inner diameter of the pipeline;
selecting an adjustable throttle valve, namely determining the adjustable throttle valve to be selected according to the nominal diameter and the flow capacity of the valve and the front pressure of the adjustable throttle valve corresponding to the maximum gas fuel;
and a gas source pressure selecting step, wherein the gas source pressure is determined by considering the pressure loss of the pipeline and the components.
According to at least one embodiment of the present application, the gas fuel conditioning system determined according to basic functional requirements in the design step of the scheme comprises the following connected components:
the system comprises a constant-pressure air source, an adjustable throttle valve, a first stop valve, a second stop valve, an exhaust valve, a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor and a temperature sensor which are connected in series, and a first controller, a second controller and a third controller which correspond to the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor and the temperature sensor;
in addition, in the scheme design step, the following design requirements are included:
the first stop valve and the second stop valve which are connected in series guarantee that the gas fuel supply is reliably cut off when the automobile stops;
when the vehicle is stopped, a small amount of fuel leaked from the first stop valve can be discharged into the atmosphere by using the exhaust valve between the first stop valve and the second stop valve, so that the fuel is prevented from permeating into the combustion chamber;
the flow of the gaseous fuel supplied to the combustion chamber can be adjusted by adjusting the flow area of the adjustable throttle;
the system state can be monitored through the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor and the temperature sensor;
when the gas turbine engine is stopped or runs but does not supply gas, the adjustable throttle valve can be controlled to be closed through the first controller, the first stop valve is controlled to be closed through the second controller, the second stop valve is controlled to be closed through the third controller, and the emptying valve is controlled to be opened through the second controller;
during the air feed, can open through the first stop valve of second controller control, open through the second stop valve of third controller control, rethread second controller control blowoff valve closes, and adjustable choke valve is controlled through first controller at last to adjust flow area as required.
According to at least one embodiment of the application, in the step of selecting the inner diameter of the pipeline, the inner diameter of the air supply pipeline is calculated within the range of 15-25 m/s according to the flow velocity of the air supply pipeline, and the inner diameter of the air exhaust pipeline is not less than one fourth of the inner diameter of the air supply pipeline; and
in the step of selecting the nominal diameter of the component, the nominal diameters of the first stop valve, the second stop valve and the adjustable throttle valve are consistent with the inner diameter of the gas supply pipeline, and the nominal diameter of the emptying valve is consistent with the inner diameter of the gas exhaust pipeline;
in the step of selecting the adjustable throttle valve, when the pressure in front of the adjustable throttle valve of the maximum gas fuel of the adjustable throttle valve is calculated, the equivalent area is the specified maximum value, and the flow is 1.1 times of the maximum gas fuel flow;
in the air source pressure selecting step, the air source pressure of the constant pressure air source is 1.1 times of the adjustable throttle valve front pressure.
The application has at least the following beneficial technical effects:
the gas turbine engine gas fuel regulating system and the design method thereof are safe, reliable and convenient to use, can be directly applied to various gas turbines for ground and ships, and have better market application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present application gas fuel conditioning system for a gas turbine engine;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of designing a gas fuel conditioning system for a gas turbine engine according to the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are a subset of the embodiments in the present application and not all embodiments in the present application. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application. Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The present application proposes a simple and specific fuel conditioning system and a design method thereof, which are directed to the design of a fuel conditioning system for a gas turbine engine, which does not have an effective fuel conditioning system design method and is inconvenient for those skilled in the art to carry out detailed design work of the fuel conditioning system. The methods set forth herein may be utilized to direct the operation of a gas turbine gas fuel conditioning system design.
The gas fuel conditioning system for a gas turbine engine and the method of designing the same of the present application are described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1-2.
In a first aspect, the present application discloses a gas fuel conditioning system for a gas turbine engine, as shown in fig. 1, disposed between a constant pressure gas source and a combustor, comprising a gas fuel cutoff device, an adjustable throttle valve, a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, a first controller.
The front end of the gas fuel cutting equipment is communicated with a constant pressure gas source through a gas supply pipeline, the rear end of the gas fuel cutting equipment is communicated with the front end of the adjustable throttle valve through the gas supply pipeline, and the gas fuel cutting equipment is used for cutting off gas fuel supply in a preset state.
The rear end of the adjustable throttle valve is communicated with a nozzle of the combustion chamber through an air supply pipeline, and a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor are respectively arranged on the air supply pipeline at the front end and the rear end of the adjustable throttle valve.
The first controller is connected to the adjustable throttle valve for adjusting a flow area of the adjustable throttle valve to adjust a flow rate of the gaseous fuel supplied to the combustion chamber based on the received monitored values of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor.
It should be noted that the specific composition of the gas fuel cutoff apparatus may be set appropriately according to actual needs, and in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the gas fuel cutoff apparatus may include a first cutoff valve, a second cutoff valve, an evacuation valve, and a second controller and a third controller.
Wherein, the front end of the first stop valve is communicated with a constant pressure air source through an air supply pipeline; the front end of the second stop valve is communicated to the rear end of the first stop valve through an air supply pipeline, and the rear end of the second stop valve is communicated to the front end of the adjustable throttle valve through an air supply pipeline; the front end of the emptying valve is communicated to the air supply pipeline between the first stop valve and the second stop valve through an exhaust pipeline, and the rear end of the emptying valve is communicated with the atmosphere through the exhaust pipeline.
The second controller is respectively connected with the first stop valve and the emptying valve and is used for respectively controlling the on-off of the first stop valve and the emptying valve; and the third controller is connected with the second stop valve and is used for controlling the on-off of the second stop valve.
In addition, in the gas fuel regulating system for a gas turbine engine according to the present application, a temperature sensor may be further provided in the gas supply line at the front end of the adjustable throttle valve, and the system state may be monitored by providing a necessary pressure (pressure) sensor and a temperature sensor.
Further, in the gas fuel regulating system for the gas turbine engine, the inner diameter of the gas supply pipeline is calculated within the range of 15-25 m/s according to the flow velocity of the gas supply pipeline; the inner diameter of the exhaust pipeline is not less than one fourth of the inner diameter of the gas supply pipeline.
Furthermore, the nominal diameters of the first stop valve, the second stop valve and the adjustable throttle valve are consistent with or close to the inner diameter of the air supply pipeline; the nominal diameter of the exhaust valve is consistent with or close to the inner diameter of the exhaust pipeline.
Further, the air source pressure of the constant pressure air source is 1.1 times of the front pressure of the adjustable throttle valve; when the pressure in front of the adjustable throttle valve of the maximum gas fuel of the adjustable throttle valve is calculated, the equivalent area is the specified maximum value, and the flow is 1.1 times of the maximum gas fuel flow.
In a second aspect, the present application further discloses a method of designing a gas fuel conditioning system for a gas turbine engine, as shown in FIG. 2, comprising the steps of:
s101, scheme design step: designing a gas fuel regulating system according to basic function requirements; although the technical requirements of various gas turbine engines on gas fuel regulating systems are different, the basic functional requirements are the same, and the requirements can be summarized as follows:
a. according to the requirement of a main engine, supplying gas fuel to the combustion chamber in a single zone or multiple zones;
b. regulating the flow of gaseous fuel to each zone of the combustion chamber according to the instructions of the controller;
c. when the vehicle is stopped, the gas fuel supply is reliably cut off.
The basic design method of the gas fuel conditioning system scheme is described herein by taking the basic functions of the gas fuel conditioning system outlined above as an example to implement the system scheme for single-zone gas supply. In practice, it will be appreciated that the methods and protocols herein may be adapted or adapted as appropriate.
The gas fuel regulating system has complex equipment, needs to complete the technological links of pressurization, purification, pressure regulation, temperature regulation and the like of the gas fuel, is usually designed and realized by users of the gas turbine engine, and finally provides high-pressure fuel gas for the gas turbine engine according to the indexes of pressure intensity, temperature, cleanliness and the like agreed by the two parties.
Gaseous fuel regulation systems typically require a constant source pressure of high pressure fuel gas supplied by the user. An adjustable throttle valve with adjustable flow area is connected in series between the gas source and the combustion chamber, so that the flow of gas fuel supplied to the combustion chamber can be adjusted through the throttling action of the adjustable throttle valve.
On the basis, the technical scheme of the system is obtained by adding necessary components such as fuel cut-off, test and the like from the aspects of safety, engineering and the like.
Finally, the gas fuel regulating system obtained in the design step of the scheme takes constant-pressure fuel gas provided by a user as a constant-pressure gas source and consists of an adjustable throttle valve, a first stop valve, a second stop valve, an emptying valve, a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a corresponding first controller, a corresponding second controller, a corresponding third controller, a corresponding pipeline and the like. In addition, control signals for operation, stop, flow rate adjustment, etc. of the gas fuel regulation system are issued by a controller of the gas turbine engine, and therefore the gas fuel regulation system may be regarded as an actuator of the controller.
In addition, in the above design steps, the following design requirements (which can also be understood as the working principle of the scheme, and the control logic of the corresponding controller) are included:
1.1) ensuring constant pressure of a high-pressure fuel gas source by a user;
1.2) the first stop valve and the second stop valve which are connected in series ensure that the gas fuel supply is reliably cut off when the vehicle stops;
1.3) when the vehicle is stopped, a small amount of fuel leaked from the first stop valve can be discharged into the atmosphere between the first stop valve and the second stop valve by using an exhaust valve, so that the fuel is prevented from permeating into a combustion chamber;
1.4) the flow of gaseous fuel to the combustion chamber can be adjusted by adjusting the flow area of the adjustable throttle;
1.5) the system state can be monitored through the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor and the temperature sensor;
1.6) when the gas turbine engine is stopped or runs but does not supply gas (such as cold running or a starting process does not start gas supply), the adjustable throttle valve can be controlled to be closed through the first controller, the first stop valve is controlled to be closed through the second controller, the second stop valve is controlled to be closed through the third controller, and the exhaust valve is controlled to be opened through the second controller;
1.7) during the air feed, can open through the first stop valve of second controller control, open through the second stop valve of third controller control, rethread second controller control evacuation valve closes, and adjustable choke valve is controlled through first controller at last to adjust flow area as required.
In addition, the operation state of the variable throttle valve will be described in a supplementary manner. From the aerodynamic principles, the gaseous fuel flow through the adjustable throttle valve can be approximated by the following equation (1):
Figure BDA0002821748010000071
wherein Q- -gas fuel flow (kg/s), P1- -adjustable throttle front pressure (Pa), P2- -adjustable throttle back pressure (Pa), ab- -subscript, representing absolute pressure, K- -specific heat ratio of gas fuel, Av- -adjustable throttle restriction area (m2), T1- -adjustable throttle front temperature (K), R- -gas constant of gas fuel (N.m/(kg.K)), b- -critical pressure ratio.
The adjustable throttle front pressure P1 is a constant value, and the adjustable throttle back pressure P2 is affected by the gas turbine engine operating conditions:
a) when the rotating speed is low, the back pressure of the combustion chamber and the pressure drop of the fuel nozzle are both small, namely the pressure P2 behind the adjustable throttle valve is small, at the moment, the adjustable throttle valve works in a critical or supercritical state, and the flow of the gas fuel flowing through the adjustable throttle valve is not influenced by the pressure P2 behind the adjustable throttle valve;
b) when the rotating speed is higher, the back pressure of the combustion chamber and the pressure drop of the fuel nozzle are both larger, namely the rear pressure P2 of the adjustable throttle valve is larger, at the moment, the adjustable throttle valve works in a subcritical state, and the rear pressure P2 of the adjustable throttle valve influences the flow of gas fuel flowing through the adjustable throttle valve;
c) the adjustable throttle valves of different types of gas turbine engines have different working state switching points, but the supercritical state of the adjustable throttle valves can be maintained above a slow-speed state generally, so that the adjustable throttle valves are beneficial to accurately adjusting the gas fuel flow in the starting stage.
S102, selecting the inner diameter of the pipeline: and calculating the inner diameter of the pipeline in the gas fuel regulating system according to the flow rate range.
Wherein the gaseous fuel conditioning system connects the components by pipes, the internal diameter of which is a parameter to be determined.
The basic principle for determining the pipe diameter is that the flow rate is appropriate. In a pneumatic system, the flow velocity of a pipeline is usually required to be within the range of (15-25) m/s when the flow is maximum. If the flow rate is too low, the pipe diameter is large, and the structure is overstaffed; if the flow rate is too high, the pipe diameter is small, and the flow resistance may be unacceptable. The gas fuel regulating system has the advantages of few components, limited flow resistance and short pipeline in the general system, and the upper limit of the flow speed can be 25m/s according to engineering experience.
Comparing above-mentioned gaseous fuel governing system of this application, there is the confession gas circuit pipe diameter and the evacuation way pipe diameter at blowoff valve place from the air supply to the combustion chamber to need to confirm.
2.1) determination of the gas supply line pipe diameter
After the line flow rate was chosen to be 25m/s, the gas dynamics theory:
P＝ρ·R·T……………………(2)；
Q＝ρ·A·v……………………(3)；
wherein, P-pressure (Pa), rho-density (kg/m3), R-gas constant (N.m/(kg.K)), T-temperature (K), A-area (m2), v-pipeline flow speed (m/s).
The calculation formula of the pipe diameter can be obtained:
Figure BDA0002821748010000081
wherein D is the inner diameter (m) of the pipeline;
from equation (4), the lower the pressure, the larger the pipe diameter is required. In the gas fuel regulating system, the pressure intensity behind the adjustable throttle valve is the lowest, and the concrete numerical value is substituted into formula (4) to obtain the calculation formula of the pipe diameter behind the adjustable throttle valve:
Figure BDA0002821748010000082
wherein D2- -inner diameter of the rear pipeline (m) of the adjustable throttle valve.
Since the flow rate is much lower than sonic, T2 may be approximated as T1 or the air supply temperature; p2 ab The sum of the back pressure of the combustion chamber corresponding to the maximum gas fuel flow and the pressure drop of the fuel nozzle; alpha should not be less than 1.1.
The pressure of a pipeline from the upstream of the adjustable throttle valve to the air source is higher than that of the pipeline after the adjustable throttle valve, and the pipe diameter can take a slightly smaller value theoretically, but for the convenience of engineering implementation, the pipe diameters of the whole air supply path from the air source to the combustion chamber can be unified into a calculated value of a formula (5).
2.2) determination of the emptying path
The flow of the evacuation path is small and can be selected according to the engineering experience of not less than one fourth of the pipe diameter of the gas supply path.
S103, selecting a nominal path of the part: and determining the nominal diameter of the part at the corresponding position according to the inner diameter of the pipeline.
Specifically, the components comprise a first stop valve, a second stop valve and an adjustable throttle valve, wherein the nominal diameter of the first stop valve, the second stop valve and the adjustable throttle valve is consistent with or close to the inner diameter of the gas supply pipeline, and the nominal diameter of the exhaust valve is consistent with or close to the inner diameter of the exhaust pipeline.
S104, selecting an adjustable throttle valve: and determining the adjustable throttle valve to be selected according to the nominal diameter and the flow capacity of the valve and the front pressure of the adjustable throttle valve corresponding to the maximum gas fuel.
Specifically, the adjustable throttle valve is a core component of a gas fuel regulating system, and a specific model and a specific specification of the adjustable throttle valve are preliminarily selected in an initial parameter design stage so as to determine other initial parameters of the system by using specific parameters of the valve. The specific models of the first stop valve, the second stop valve and the emptying valve can be selected in the subsequent engineering stage.
The gas fuel regulating valve produced by Woodward company is mature and reliable in technology and is widely applied at home and abroad. The method for determining the adjustable throttle will be described below by taking the product "GS 6" of the company as an example.
1) Assuming that the nominal path of the GS6 valve is consistent with the gas supply pipeline path of the gas fuel regulating system through inquiry, the GS6 valve is primarily selected as the adjustable throttle valve of the gas fuel regulating system;
2) looking up the specification of a GS6 valve, knowing that the valve has 5 specifications (0.15Port, 0.30Port, 0.45Port, 0.60Port and 0.75Port) with different flow capacities, preliminarily selecting the specification of 0.60Port in consideration of the possible future flow increasing requirements of the system, and finding the maximum equivalent area in the specification;
3) referring to the GS6 valve specification, Woodward provides the flow calculation equations for the valve at subcritical and supercritical conditions, and using these two equations, the adjustable preflush pressure for maximum gaseous fuel can be calculated (when calculated: the equivalent area takes the maximum value obtained by the searching; the flow is 1.1 times of the maximum gas fuel flow so as to ensure a certain margin; note that the flow state of the valve is judged so that the correct formula is selected).
S105, selecting the air source pressure: the pressure loss of pipelines and components is considered to determine the pressure of the air source, and specifically, in order to ensure a certain margin, the pressure of the air source of the constant pressure air source is 1.1 times of the pressure P1 in front of the adjustable throttle valve.
And finally, selecting specific models of the first stop valve, the second stop valve, the emptying valve and other components or proposing technical requirements on certain components according to the calculated technical parameters. Meanwhile, the specific requirements of engineering are considered, air filtration, a test instrument, a manual valve and other equipment are supplemented into the system as required, and a system schematic diagram is formed.
In summary, the present application provides a specific gas fuel regulation system for a gas turbine engine and a design method thereof with guiding significance for solving the problem that no clear gas fuel regulation system design method exists in the field of gas turbine fuel regulation design.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (6)

1. A gas fuel regulating system for a gas turbine engine is arranged between a constant pressure gas source and a combustion chamber and comprises gas fuel cutting equipment, an adjustable throttle valve, a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, a first controller and a temperature sensor; wherein
The front end of gas fuel cutting equipment pass through the air supply line with constant pressure air supply intercommunication, the rear end pass through the air supply line with the front end intercommunication of adjustable throttle valve, gas fuel cutting equipment is used for cutting off the gas fuel supply when predetermined state, the pipe diameter of air supply line is:
Figure FDA0003739122230000011
wherein P is pressure, rho is density, R is gas constant of the gas fuel, T is temperature, v is pipeline flow velocity, and Q is gas fuel flow;
the rear end of the adjustable throttle valve is communicated with a combustion chamber nozzle through an air supply pipeline, a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor are respectively arranged on the air supply pipeline at the front end and the rear end of the adjustable throttle valve, wherein the air source pressure of the constant pressure air source is 1.1 times of the adjustable throttle valve front pressure, the equivalent area of the adjustable throttle valve front pressure of the maximum gas fuel of the adjustable throttle valve is the specified maximum value, the flow is 1.1 times of the maximum gas fuel flow, and the gas fuel flow of the adjustable throttle valve meets the following requirements:
Figure FDA0003739122230000012
wherein Q is the gas fuel flow, P1 is the adjustable throttle front pressure, P2 is the adjustable throttle rear pressure, ab is the subscript indicating absolute pressure, k is the specific heat ratio of the gas fuel, Av is the adjustable throttle area, T1 is the adjustable throttle front temperature, R is the gas constant of the gas fuel, b is the critical pressure ratio;
the first controller is connected with the adjustable throttle valve and is used for adjusting the flow area of the adjustable throttle valve according to the received monitoring values of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor so as to adjust the flow of the gas fuel supplied to the combustion chamber;
the gas fuel cutoff apparatus includes:
the front end of the first stop valve is communicated with the constant pressure air source through an air supply pipeline;
the front end of the second stop valve is communicated to the rear end of the first stop valve through an air supply pipeline, and the rear end of the second stop valve is communicated to the front end of the adjustable throttle valve through an air supply pipeline;
the front end of the evacuation valve is communicated to the air supply pipeline between the first stop valve and the second stop valve through an exhaust pipeline, and the rear end of the evacuation valve is communicated with the atmosphere through the exhaust pipeline;
the second controller is respectively connected with the first stop valve and the emptying valve and is used for respectively controlling the on-off of the first stop valve and the emptying valve;
the third controller is connected with the second stop valve and is used for controlling the on-off of the second stop valve;
the temperature sensor is arranged on the air supply pipeline at the front end of the adjustable throttle valve.
2. The gas fuel conditioning system for a gas turbine engine as recited in claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the gas supply line is calculated in accordance with a flow rate of the gas supply line in a range of 15 to 25 m/s;
the inner diameter of the exhaust pipeline is not less than one fourth of the inner diameter of the gas supply pipeline.
3. A gas fuel conditioning system for a gas turbine engine as set forth in claim 2, wherein a nominal diameter of said first stop valve, said second stop valve, and said adjustable throttle valve coincides with an inner diameter of said gas supply line;
and the nominal drift diameter of the emptying valve is consistent with the inner diameter of the exhaust pipeline.
4. A method of designing a gas fuel conditioning system for a gas turbine engine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
designing a scheme, namely designing a gas fuel regulating system according to basic function requirements; wherein, basic function requirements include:
a. according to the requirement of a main engine, supplying gas fuel to the combustion chamber in a single zone or multiple zones;
b. regulating the flow of gaseous fuel to each zone of the combustion chamber according to the instructions of the controller;
c. when the vehicle is stopped, the gas fuel supply is reliably cut off;
selecting the inner diameter of the pipeline, and calculating the inner diameter of the pipeline in the gas fuel regulating system according to the flow rate range;
selecting a nominal path of the component, and determining the nominal path of the component at a corresponding position according to the inner diameter of the pipeline;
selecting an adjustable throttle valve, namely determining the adjustable throttle valve to be selected according to the nominal diameter and the flow capacity of the valve and the front pressure of the adjustable throttle valve corresponding to the maximum gas fuel;
and a gas source pressure selecting step, wherein the gas source pressure is determined by considering the pressure loss of the pipeline and the components.
5. A method of designing a gas fuel conditioning system for a gas turbine engine as recited in claim 4, wherein said step of designing a gas fuel conditioning system determined based on basic functional requirements includes connecting:
the system comprises a constant-pressure air source, an adjustable throttle valve, a first stop valve, a second stop valve, an exhaust valve, a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor and a temperature sensor which are connected in series, and a first controller, a second controller and a third controller which correspond to the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor and the temperature sensor;
in addition, in the scheme designing step, the following design requirements are included:
the first stop valve and the second stop valve which are connected in series guarantee that the gas fuel supply is reliably cut off when the vehicle stops;
when the vehicle is stopped, a small amount of fuel leaked from the first stop valve can be discharged into the atmosphere by using the exhaust valve between the first stop valve and the second stop valve, so that the fuel is prevented from permeating into the combustion chamber;
the flow of the gaseous fuel supplied to the combustion chamber can be adjusted by adjusting the flow area of the adjustable throttle;
the system state can be monitored through the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor and the temperature sensor;
when the gas turbine engine is stopped or runs but does not supply gas, the adjustable throttle valve can be controlled to be closed through the first controller, the first stop valve is controlled to be closed through the second controller, the second stop valve is controlled to be closed through the third controller, and the exhaust valve is controlled to be opened through the second controller;
during the air feed, can open through the first stop valve of second controller control, open through the second stop valve of third controller control, rethread second controller control blowoff valve closes, and adjustable choke valve is controlled through first controller at last to adjust flow area as required.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein in the step of selecting the inner diameter of the gas supply line, the inner diameter of the gas supply line is calculated according to a flow rate of the gas supply line in a range of 15 to 25m/s, and the inner diameter of the gas discharge line is not less than one fourth of the inner diameter of the gas supply line; and
in the step of selecting the nominal diameter of the component, the nominal diameters of the first stop valve, the second stop valve and the adjustable throttle valve are consistent with the inner diameter of the gas supply pipeline, and the nominal diameter of the emptying valve is consistent with the inner diameter of the gas exhaust pipeline;
in the step of selecting the adjustable throttle valve, when the pressure in front of the adjustable throttle valve of the maximum gas fuel of the adjustable throttle valve is calculated, the equivalent area is the specified maximum value, and the flow is 1.1 times of the maximum gas fuel flow;
in the air source pressure selecting step, the air source pressure of the constant-pressure air source is 1.1 times of the front pressure of the adjustable throttle valve.
CN202011419690.6A 2020-12-07 2020-12-07 Gas fuel conditioning system for gas turbine engine and method of designing same Active CN112594065B (en)

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CN100360787C (en) * 2002-08-09 2008-01-09 五十铃自动车株式会社 Gas fuel feed device
CN201028591Y (en) * 2007-03-27 2008-02-27 南京汽轮电机(集团)有限责任公司 Medium and low-calorie fuels supply system of gas turbine
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