CN112590319A - Preparation method of sound-insulation wave-absorbing material - Google Patents

Preparation method of sound-insulation wave-absorbing material Download PDF

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CN112590319A
CN112590319A CN202011437161.9A CN202011437161A CN112590319A CN 112590319 A CN112590319 A CN 112590319A CN 202011437161 A CN202011437161 A CN 202011437161A CN 112590319 A CN112590319 A CN 112590319A
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sound insulation
stirring
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王一帆
孙伯伦
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/38—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising epoxy resins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1284—Application of adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
    • D01F6/54—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polymers of unsaturated nitriles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0246—Acrylic resin fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B32B2307/102—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/54—Yield strength; Tensile strength
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
    • C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils

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  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a sound insulation wave-absorbing material which comprises a sound insulation layer and a wave-absorbing layer, wherein the wave-absorbing layer is arranged in the middle, and the sound insulation layer is arranged at two ends. The wave-absorbing layer comprises the following raw materials: polyacrylonitrile, ferric nitrate, manganese nitrate, dimethylformamide; the sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials: epoxy resin, spandex, kapok fiber, methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, silicon dioxide and gelatin. Synthesizing an LDH material by a hydrothermal method, and preparing a wave-absorbing layer by electrostatic spinning; preparing a sound insulation layer by mixing, stirring, heating and curing, and finally compounding the sound insulation layer and the wave-absorbing layer to obtain the material. The material prepared by the invention has good sound insulation performance and can effectively absorb electromagnetic waves.

Description

Preparation method of sound-insulation wave-absorbing material
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of materials, in particular to a sound-insulation wave-absorbing material.
Background
The rapid development of modern society brings great convenience to people and brings dissonant notes such as environmental pollution, wherein noise, water body and air pollution become public hazards to social environment and human health. The demand for new buildings in cities and industrialization exacerbates the problem of noise pollution. Many places where silence is desired, such as hospitals, residential areas, conference rooms and schools, are currently contaminated with noise to varying degrees. The condition of noise pollution is even more alarming in developing countries lacking strict legal restrictions. The continuously deteriorated noise pollution brings certain mental diseases to people, easily causes the consequences of inattention, inappetence and the like, and has great threat to human health.
With the development of modern internet and the popularization of electronic goods, electromagnetic waves are widely applied to various fields such as commerce, industry, science, military and the like, and bring convenience to life of people and electromagnetic radiation. The long-term reception of electromagnetic radiation can cause harm to human health, and the serious consequences can also be caused by strong interference to electric appliances, military, aviation facilities and medical treatment.
It is of great interest to develop a material that is sound insulating and also capable of absorbing electromagnetic waves.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a sound insulation wave-absorbing material which comprises a sound insulation layer and a wave-absorbing layer, wherein the wave-absorbing layer is arranged in the middle, and the sound insulation layer is arranged at two ends.
The preparation method of the material comprises the following steps:
preferably, the preparation method of the wave-absorbing layer comprises the following steps:
s1: adding ferric nitrate and manganese nitrate into deionized water, stirring for 1h, then dropwise adding 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH value to 9-10, fully stirring for coprecipitation for 6-8h, then transferring the mixed solution into a polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 24-36h at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, standing and cooling the suspension, carrying out solid-liquid separation by suction filtration, washing with distilled water and absolute ethyl alcohol for several times until the suspension is neutral, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 60 ℃;
s2: adding polyacrylonitrile into dimethylformamide, stirring for 30min, adding the product obtained in the step S1, and stirring for 1h to form a precursor solution; then using a 20ml injector to suck the precursor solution, and carrying out electrostatic spinning, wherein the parameters of the electrostatic spinning are as follows: voltage is 10-15kV, liquid pushing speed is 0.1mm/min, receiving distance is 15cm, and after electrostatic spinning is finished, spun nanofiber is placed in a drying box and dried for 24 hours at 80 ℃.
Preferably, in step S1, the mass ratio of the iron nitrate to the manganese nitrate is 1 g: (1-2) g.
Preferably, in the step S2, the mass ratio of polyacrylonitrile to dimethylformamide is 1 g: (1-2) g.
Preferably, the sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials: epoxy resin, spandex, kapok fiber, methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride and silicon dioxide.
Preferably, the soundproof layer is synthesized by the steps of:
the epoxy resin, the methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride, the kapok fiber, the spandex and the silicon dioxide are placed in a stirring box and stirred for 10-20min at the rotating speed of 1500-2000rpm/min, the mixture is uniformly mixed and bubbles are removed, the uniformly mixed mixture with the bubbles removed is injected into a stainless steel mold coated with silicone grease for casting at room temperature, and the temperature is raised for solidification.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the epoxy resin, the methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride, the kapok fiber, the spandex and the silicon dioxide is 1 g: (0.5-1) g: (0.25-0.5) g: (0.25-0.5) g, (0.25-0.5) g.
Preferably, the temperature-rising curing condition is 100-150 ℃, and the curing time is 8-12 h.
Preferably, the sound insulation layer and the wave absorbing layer are adhered together by gelatin.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) through designing the sound insulation layer and the wave absorbing layer, the material can have the sound insulation effect and the electromagnetic wave absorbing performance.
(2) MnFe layered double hydroxide (MnFe-LDH) is synthesized in the wave-absorbing layer, so that the magnetic-wave absorbing material has stronger magnetism and can effectively absorb electromagnetic waves, meanwhile, the LDH material has a multilayer structure, and polyacrylonitrile prepared by electrostatic spinning has a porous structure, so that the electromagnetic waves can be favorably subjected to multiple reflections in the material, and the electromagnetic waves can be more sufficiently dissipated.
(3) The sound insulation layer uses epoxy resin as a main raw material, and kapok fiber, spandex and silicon dioxide are added, so that the density is improved, and the sound insulation effect is improved; the kapok fiber is a hollow fiber, the hollowness reaches 80% -90%, sound waves can be reflected for multiple times in the hollow fiber, the sound waves are further dispersed, and meanwhile, the tensile resistance and the elasticity of the material are improved due to the addition of the acrylic fiber and the kapok fiber.
(4) The method is simple and easy to operate, low in raw material cost and easy for large-scale production.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A sound insulation wave absorbing material is prepared by the following steps:
the wave-absorbing layer is synthesized by the following steps
S1: adding 7g of ferric nitrate and 14g of manganese nitrate into 50ml of deionized water, stirring for 1h, then dropwise adding 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH value to 10, fully stirring for coprecipitation for 8h, then transferring the mixed solution into a polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 24h at the temperature of 80 ℃, standing and cooling the suspension, carrying out solid-liquid separation by suction filtration, washing with distilled water and absolute ethyl alcohol for several times until the suspension is neutral, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 60 ℃;
s2: adding 15g of polyacrylonitrile into 15g of dimethylformamide, stirring for 30min, adding the product obtained in the step S1, and stirring for 1h to form a precursor solution; then using a 20ml injector to suck the precursor solution, and carrying out electrostatic spinning, wherein the parameters of the electrostatic spinning are as follows: the voltage is 15kV, the liquid pushing speed is 0.1mm/min, the receiving distance is 15cm, and after the electrostatic spinning is finished, the spun nanofiber is placed in a drying oven and dried for 24 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃.
The sound-insulating layer is synthesized by the following steps:
placing 15g of epoxy resin, 10g of methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride, 5g of kapok fiber, 5g of spandex and 5g of silicon dioxide into a stirring box, stirring for 10min at the rotating speed of 2000rpm/min, uniformly mixing and removing bubbles, injecting the uniformly-mixed mixture without bubbles into a stainless steel mold coated with silicone grease for casting at room temperature, and heating and curing at 120 ℃ for 10 h.
Adding 5g of gelatin into 5ml of deionized water, heating to 50 ℃, coating the gelatin on two sides of the sound insulation layer, adhering the gelatin and the wave-absorbing layer together, and cooling to obtain the composite material.
Example 2
A sound insulation wave absorbing material is prepared by the following steps:
s1: adding 5g of ferric nitrate and 5g of manganese nitrate into 50ml of deionized water, stirring for 1h, then dropwise adding 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH value to 9, fully stirring for coprecipitation for 6h, then transferring the mixed solution into a polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 36h at the temperature of 60 ℃, standing and cooling the suspension, carrying out solid-liquid separation by suction filtration, washing with distilled water and absolute ethyl alcohol for several times until the suspension is neutral, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 60 ℃;
s2: adding 15g of polyacrylonitrile into 30g of dimethylformamide, stirring for 30min, adding the product obtained in the step S1, and stirring for 1h to form a precursor solution; then using a 20ml injector to suck the precursor solution, and carrying out electrostatic spinning, wherein the parameters of the electrostatic spinning are as follows: voltage is 10kV, liquid pushing speed is 0.1mm/min, receiving distance is 15cm, and after electrostatic spinning is finished, spun nanofiber is placed in a drying oven and dried for 24 hours at 80 ℃.
The sound-insulating layer is synthesized by the following steps:
placing 16g of epoxy resin, 8g of methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride, 4g of kapok fiber, 4g of spandex and 4g of silicon dioxide into a stirring box, stirring at the rotating speed of 1500rpm/min for 20min, uniformly mixing, removing bubbles, injecting the uniformly-mixed mixture without bubbles into a stainless steel mold coated with silicone grease at room temperature for casting, and heating and curing at 100 ℃ for 12 h.
Adding 5g of gelatin into 5ml of deionized water, heating to 50 ℃, coating the gelatin on two sides of the sound insulation layer, adhering the gelatin and the wave-absorbing layer together, and cooling to obtain the composite material.
Example 3
A sound insulation wave absorbing material is prepared by the following steps:
the wave-absorbing layer is synthesized by the following steps
S1: adding 5g of ferric nitrate and 8g of manganese nitrate into 50ml of deionized water, stirring for 1h, then dropwise adding 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH to 9.5, fully stirring for coprecipitation for 7h, then transferring the mixed solution into a polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 24h at the temperature of 80 ℃, standing and cooling the suspension, carrying out solid-liquid separation by suction filtration, washing with distilled water and absolute ethyl alcohol for several times until the suspension is neutral, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 60 ℃;
s2: adding 15g of polyacrylonitrile into 20g of dimethylformamide, stirring for 30min, adding the product obtained in the step S1, and stirring for 1h to form a precursor solution; then using a 20ml injector to suck the precursor solution, and carrying out electrostatic spinning, wherein the parameters of the electrostatic spinning are as follows: the voltage is 12kV, the liquid pushing speed is 0.1mm/min, the receiving distance is 15cm, and after the electrostatic spinning is finished, the spun nanofiber is placed in a drying oven and dried for 24 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃.
Placing 16g of epoxy resin, 16g of methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride, 8g of kapok fiber, 8g of spandex and 8g of silicon dioxide into a stirring box, stirring for 10min at the rotating speed of 2000rpm/min, uniformly mixing and removing bubbles, injecting the uniformly-mixed mixture without bubbles into a stainless steel mold coated with silicone grease for casting at room temperature, and heating and curing at 120 ℃ for 10 h.
Adding 5g of gelatin into 5ml of deionized water, heating to 50 ℃, coating the gelatin on two sides of the sound insulation layer, adhering the gelatin and the wave-absorbing layer together, and cooling to obtain the composite material.
Example 4
A sound insulation wave absorbing material is prepared by the following steps:
the wave-absorbing layer is synthesized by the following steps
S1: adding 7g of ferric nitrate and 10g of manganese nitrate into 50ml of deionized water, stirring for 1h, then dropwise adding 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH to 9, fully stirring for coprecipitation for 8h, then transferring the mixed solution into a polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 24h at the temperature of 80 ℃, standing and cooling the suspension, carrying out solid-liquid separation by suction filtration, washing with distilled water and absolute ethyl alcohol for several times until the suspension is neutral, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 60 ℃;
s2: adding 15g of polyacrylonitrile into 15g of dimethylformamide, stirring for 30min, adding the product obtained in the step S1, and stirring for 1h to form a precursor solution; then using a 20ml injector to suck the precursor solution, and carrying out electrostatic spinning, wherein the parameters of the electrostatic spinning are as follows: the voltage is 13kV, the liquid pushing speed is 0.1mm/min, the receiving distance is 15cm, and after the electrostatic spinning is finished, the spun nanofiber is placed in a drying oven and dried for 24 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃.
The sound-insulating layer is synthesized by the following steps:
placing 15g of epoxy resin, 10g of methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride, 5g of kapok fiber, 5g of spandex and 5g of silicon dioxide into a stirring box, stirring for 10min at the rotating speed of 2000rpm/min, uniformly mixing and removing bubbles, injecting the uniformly-mixed mixture without bubbles into a stainless steel mold coated with silicone grease for casting at room temperature, and heating and curing at 100 ℃ for 10 h.
Adding 5g of gelatin into 5ml of deionized water, heating to 50 ℃, coating the gelatin on two sides of the sound insulation layer, adhering the gelatin and the wave-absorbing layer together, and cooling to obtain the composite material.
Comparative example 1
Materials without sound insulation layer:
s1: adding 7g of ferric nitrate and 14g of manganese nitrate into 50ml of deionized water, stirring for 1h, then dropwise adding 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH value to 10, fully stirring for coprecipitation for 8h, then transferring the mixed solution into a polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 24h at the temperature of 80 ℃, standing and cooling the suspension, carrying out solid-liquid separation by suction filtration, washing with distilled water and absolute ethyl alcohol for several times until the suspension is neutral, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 60 ℃;
s2: adding 15g of polyacrylonitrile into 15g of dimethylformamide, stirring for 30min, adding the product obtained in the step S1, and stirring for 1h to form a precursor solution; then using a 20ml injector to suck the precursor solution, and carrying out electrostatic spinning, wherein the parameters of the electrostatic spinning are as follows: the voltage is 15kV, the liquid pushing speed is 0.1mm/min, the receiving distance is 15cm, and after the electrostatic spinning is finished, the spun nanofiber is placed in a drying oven and dried for 24 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃.
Comparative example 2:
wave-absorbing layer-free material:
placing 15g of epoxy resin, 10g of methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride, 5g of kapok fiber, 5g of spandex and 5g of silicon dioxide into a stirring box, stirring for 10min at the rotating speed of 2000rpm/min, uniformly mixing and removing bubbles, injecting the uniformly-mixed mixture without bubbles into a stainless steel mold coated with silicone grease for casting at room temperature, and heating and curing at 120 ℃ for 10 h.
And (3) performance testing:
tensile strength was tested according to the national standard GB/T1040.3-2008 for examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2, with properties given in Table 1.
The materials prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were taken and tested for sound insulation properties according to GB/T9889.10-2006, and the results are shown in Table 1.
The wave absorbing performance of the material is tested by a vector network analyzer (vector network analyzer, Agilent, N5230A) by adopting a rectangular waveguide method. Fully grinding the sample, mixing the sample with paraffin according to the mass ratio of 1:1, heating until the paraffin is melted, fully and uniformly mixing the paraffin and the sample by stirring, filling the mixture into a special mould after cooling, pressing into a coaxial test ring with the outer diameter of 7mm, the inner diameter of 3.04mm and the thickness of 2-3mm, and then placing the annular test sample into a coaxial clamp of a vector network analyzer for testing, wherein the test result is shown in table 1.
The wave absorbing performance comprises an effective wave absorbing frequency band and the lowest reflection loss, wherein the reflection loss can represent the strength of the wave absorbing performance, and decibel (dB) is the unit of the reflection loss. The reflection loss of the material is lower than-10 dB, which shows that the material can absorb more than 90% of electromagnetic waves, namely, the material meets the practical application condition; reflection losses are lower than-20 dB, indicating that more than 99% of electromagnetic waves can be absorbed.
Table 1: performance data for examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2
Figure BDA0002828879650000071
As can be seen from the tensile strengths of the materials prepared in examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2, the materials prepared in examples 1-4 have stronger tensile strength; the materials prepared in examples 1-4 were much higher than the material prepared in comparative example 1 in average sound insulation, indicating that the sound-insulating layer is effective in sound insulation; on the aspect of the lowest reflection loss, the lowest reflection loss of the materials prepared in the embodiments 1 to 4 is less than-30 dB, which shows that the materials can effectively absorb more than 99% of electromagnetic waves, and proves that the materials prepared in the embodiments 1 to 4 have excellent wave-absorbing performance. Meanwhile, the lowest reflection loss of the materials prepared in examples 1-4 is far lower than that of comparative example 2, which proves that the wave-absorbing layer can effectively absorb electromagnetic waves.

Claims (8)

1. A preparation method of a sound insulation wave-absorbing material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: adding ferric nitrate and manganese nitrate into deionized water, stirring for 1h, then dropwise adding 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH value to 9-10, fully stirring for coprecipitation for 6-8h, then transferring the mixed solution into a polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 24-36h at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, standing and cooling the suspension, carrying out solid-liquid separation by suction filtration, washing with distilled water and absolute ethyl alcohol for several times until the suspension is neutral, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 60 ℃;
s2: adding polyacrylonitrile into dimethylformamide, stirring for 30min, adding the product obtained in the step S1, and stirring for 1h to form a precursor solution; then using a 20ml injector to suck the precursor solution, and carrying out electrostatic spinning, wherein the parameters of the electrostatic spinning are as follows: voltage is 10-15kV, liquid pushing speed is 0.1mm/min, receiving distance is 15cm, and after electrostatic spinning is finished, spun nanofiber is placed in a drying box and dried for 24 hours at 80 ℃.
2. The method for preparing a sound insulation wave absorbing material according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the mass ratio of ferric nitrate to manganese nitrate is 1 g: (1-2) g.
3. A method for preparing a sound insulation wave absorbing material according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the mass ratio of polyacrylonitrile to dimethylformamide is 1 g: (1-2) g.
4. The method for preparing the sound-insulating wave-absorbing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sound-insulating layer is synthesized by the following steps:
the epoxy resin, the methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride, the kapok fiber, the spandex and the silicon dioxide are placed in a stirring box and stirred for 10-20min at the rotating speed of 1500-2000rpm/min, the mixture is uniformly mixed and bubbles are removed, the uniformly mixed mixture with the bubbles removed is injected into a stainless steel mold coated with silicone grease for casting at room temperature, and the temperature is raised for solidification.
5. The preparation method of the sound insulation wave absorbing material as claimed in claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the epoxy resin, the methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride, the kapok fiber, the spandex and the silicon dioxide is 1 g: (0.5-1) g: (0.25-0.5) g: (0.25-0.5) g, (0.25-0.5) g.
6. The method for preparing a sound insulation and wave absorption material as claimed in claim 4, wherein the temperature-raising curing condition is 100-150 ℃ and the curing time is 8-12 h.
7. A method for preparing sound insulation and wave absorption material according to claims 1-6, wherein the material is composed of a sound insulation layer and a wave absorption layer, wherein the middle is the wave absorption layer, and two ends are the sound insulation layers.
8. A method for preparing a sound-insulating wave-absorbing material as claimed in claim 7, wherein said sound-insulating layer and wave-absorbing layer are adhered together by gelatin.
CN202011437161.9A 2020-12-10 2020-12-10 Preparation method of sound-insulation wave-absorbing material Withdrawn CN112590319A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117822326A (en) * 2024-03-04 2024-04-05 苏州蓝沃奇纳米科技有限公司 Composite heat-insulating wave-absorbing material and preparation method thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117822326A (en) * 2024-03-04 2024-04-05 苏州蓝沃奇纳米科技有限公司 Composite heat-insulating wave-absorbing material and preparation method thereof
CN117822326B (en) * 2024-03-04 2024-05-28 苏州蓝沃奇纳米科技有限公司 Composite heat-insulating wave-absorbing material and preparation method thereof

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