CN112589937B - Method for improving penetration of preservative in wood - Google Patents

Method for improving penetration of preservative in wood Download PDF

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CN112589937B
CN112589937B CN202011423555.9A CN202011423555A CN112589937B CN 112589937 B CN112589937 B CN 112589937B CN 202011423555 A CN202011423555 A CN 202011423555A CN 112589937 B CN112589937 B CN 112589937B
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wood
preservative
penetration
voltage electric
treatment
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CN112589937A (en
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何倩
杜保聪
杨鼎宜
钱云峰
荆康
宗广功
张岱远
朱旭东
张苏俊
詹天翼
卢晓宁
李胜才
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Yangzhou University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/12—Impregnating by coating the surface of the wood with an impregnating paste
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/0207—Pretreatment of wood before impregnation
    • B27K3/0214—Drying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/0015—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00 by electric means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
    • B27K2240/20—Removing fungi, molds or insects

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for improving the penetration of a preservative in wood, which comprises the following steps: 1) coating the preservative on the surface of the wood material for preservative treatment; 2) and (2) applying high-voltage electric fields to two sides of the wooden material subjected to the anti-corrosion treatment, wherein the direction of the electric fields is vertical to the direction of fibers of the wooden material, conductive metal polar plates are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the wooden material, the negative electrode of the high-voltage electric field generator is connected with the conductive metal polar plates above the wooden material, the positive electrode of the high-voltage electric field generator is connected with the conductive metal polar plates below the wooden material, and the voltage of the set negative electrode is not lower than 1 kV. According to the invention, the high-voltage electric field is applied in the vertical direction of the wood fibers, so that the preservative penetration effect in the transverse direction of the wood is obviously improved, the wood penetration degree is obviously improved, the problems of chemical reagent pollution and high cost caused by a modifier are solved, and the internal structure of the wood cannot be damaged.

Description

Method for improving penetration of preservative in wood
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for improving the penetration of a preservative in wood, and belongs to the technical field of wood preservation.
Background
The wood is a renewable, green and environment-friendly biomass material and is applied to the fields of novel building materials, interior decoration, logistics transportation and the like, however, the wood is a natural polymer material and is easily influenced by moisture and temperature in the surrounding environment, deformation and warping occur due to the difference of internal stress of the wood, meanwhile, the interior of the wood is also easily subjected to fungal corrosion and worm-eaten phenomena, so that the dimensional stability is reduced, chemical components are degraded, and finally, the physical and mechanical properties are remarkably reduced.
At present, there are many kinds of antiseptic treatment including vacuum impregnation, pressurized impregnation and vacuum-pressurized impregnation, carbonization, supercritical CO2Treatment, bacterial erosion and microwave treatment methods, and the like.
Vacuum impregnation, pressure impregnation and vacuum-pressure impregnation methods are all to change the air pressure in an impregnation tank, so that various modifying solutions enter the wood cells from the cross section surface in a large quantity, however, extractives and infill substances exist in the wood, so that a permeation path is blocked, meanwhile, the wood is an anisotropic material, the permeation path of the cross section surface is different from that of the longitudinal section surface, the permeability of the cross section surface is poor, and in the process of changing the air pressure, air bubbles are easily generated in the wood, so that the permeability of the modifying agent is further reduced.
In addition, physical and chemical properties and structure of the wood are obviously changed through carbonization treatment, so that moisture absorption of the wood can be reduced, the dimensional stability of the wood can be improved, and the wood is beneficial to permeation of a modifier and a coating.
Furthermore, the microwave treatment technology mainly heats and vaporizes the moisture in the wood in a short time, under the action of steam, the wood generates different degrees of crack degrees, and the permeation channel of the wood is increased, so that the permeability of the wood is improved, but in the treatment process, the excessively fast heating rate solution causes uneven internal stress of the wood and damage to a cell wall structure, and the physical mechanical strength and the durability of the wood are influenced.
Further, supercritical CO2Has the advantages of good solubility to most organic matters, low viscosity, large diffusion coefficient and the like, and can be used for treating the wastewater by supercritical CO2The treatment method can swell the micropores in the wood so as to improve the wood permeability, but in the treatment process, because the wood is a natural organism, chemical components of the wood are easy to dissolve, a certain weight loss rate is easy to cause, and meanwhile, in order to obtain a higher permeation effect, a certain treatment temperature condition of 60-140 ℃ is required, so that the energy consumption is easy to increase, and in addition, supercritical CO is utilized at the present stage2And some chemical entrainer treatment methods are adopted, so that the permeability is improved, chemical components of the wood are easily degraded by some chemical agents, the mechanical property of the wood is influenced, and certain environmental pollution is easily caused by the loss of the chemical agents.
Meanwhile, the microbial-bacterial erosion method can also be used for degrading and destroying the pore plugs in the wood, the rimmed pore membrane structure and the ray parenchyma cell tissue structure to a certain extent, so that the pores in the wood are increased, and the permeation path is increased. However, this treatment method has a long time period and the treatment effect is greatly affected by factors such as ambient humidity, temperature, pH, and microbial nutrients, and thus, its application has limitations.
The invention discloses a guiding type pressure reduction-pressurization impregnation and penetration device for wood, which is disclosed in the invention patent CN 109352775A, wherein the publication date is 2019, 2.19.A, the device mainly comprises a negative pressure tank body, a pressurization tank body, a vacuum pumping system, a pressurization system and a sealing system, the device disclosed by the invention divides the wood into two parts and seals the two parts in the negative pressure tank body and the pressurization tank body by utilizing the characteristic that the wood has a plurality of longitudinal conduits and transverse pores, and pressure difference is formed at two ends of the wood by utilizing the vacuum pumping system and the pressurization system, so that impregnation liquid flows in the wood through pores in the wood, and the impregnation liquid can quickly penetrate into the whole wood through the longitudinal conduits and the transverse pores in the wood under the guiding action of the pressure difference. The method has the following defects: the modifier is still infiltrated into the wood from the transverse section by utilizing the longitudinal cell channels of the wood, and only the pore effect is achieved in the transverse infiltration direction, so that the device and the working principle are not obviously innovated. Moreover, the vacuum process generates a large amount of energy consumption, which increases the production cost.
The invention discloses a wood carbonization treatment method, which is a Chinese invention patent with the publication number of CN 107081834A, wherein the publication date is 2017, 8 and 22 months. Preheating a drying kiln, then preheating wood, heating and then performing a drying step for 48 hours, and after drying, putting the wood into a vacuum carbonization tank for carbonization for 48 to 72 hours, wherein the method can reduce the moisture absorption of the wood and improve the dimensional stability, but has the defects that: the carbonization treatment method has the advantages of complicated operation steps, long time consumption and easy increase of production cost, and the carbonization treatment is mainly concentrated on the surface of the wood and does not go deep into the wood, so that the integral permeability and durability of the wood cannot be improved.
The invention discloses a method for improving wood permeability, which is disclosed in the Chinese patent with the publication number of CN 111251394A, wherein the publication number is 6.9.2020, the invention firstly preheats microwave treatment equipment, utilizes microwave to pretreat wood under the condition of a certain temperature rise rate, controls the time interval before and after microwave treatment, reduces the parameter difference in the treatment process, and simultaneously improves the uniformity of the degree of improving the permeation effect after the microwave treatment of the wood. However, this method has the disadvantages: in the microwave treatment process, the influence of steam on the crack degree inside the wood is not solved, so that the microstructure inside the wood is still damaged, the permeability of the wood is improved, and the mechanical property of the wood is further reduced.
Chinese patent publication No. CN 104985653a, published as 10/21/2015, discloses a method for treating wood with a supercritical fluid, which comprises providing a supercritical fluid in contact with at least one wood preservative or a mixture of at least one rare gas, the treated wood substrate will have less warpage, less degradation, and improved wood use quality, however, this method has disadvantages: still utilize the timber longitudinal pore canal effect, permeate the inside of timber with fluid and antiseptic and gas, in addition, in the processing procedure, the antiseptic contains a plurality of metal particles and metal oxide composition, does not consider the chemical bonding problem of metal particle and timber, and the problem of runoff nature and heavy metal pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving the penetration of a preservative in wood aiming at the defects of the prior problems.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method of increasing the penetration of a preservative into wood, comprising the steps of:
1) coating the preservative on the surface of the wood material for preservative treatment;
2) and applying high-voltage electric fields to two sides of the wood material subjected to the anti-corrosion treatment, wherein the directions of the electric fields are perpendicular to the fiber direction of the wood material.
In the step 2), conductive metal polar plates are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the wood material, the negative electrode of the high-voltage electric field generator is connected with the conductive metal polar plate above the wood material, the positive electrode of the high-voltage electric field generator is connected with the conductive metal polar plate below the wood material, and the voltage of the set negative electrode is not lower than 1 kV.
The coating weight of the preservative is not less than 50g/m2；
The preservative comprises any one or two combinations of oil-borne preservatives and water-borne preservative solutions.
The preservative has a mass concentration of 3-11% and a coating weight of 50-300 g/m2。
The step 1) is also preceded by a pretreatment step, which comprises the following steps:
s1, drying the wood to enable the water content of the wood to be 8-12%, balancing and enabling the water content in the wood to be uniform;
and S2, sanding the wood treated in the S1 to obtain the pretreated wood material.
In step S2, the quantity of the sanding light is 1-2mm, so that the surface of the wood is smooth and clean.
The high-voltage electric field treatment time is more than 6 hours, and the temperature is 25 ℃.
In the step 2), the conductive metal polar plate connected to the negative electrode is not contacted with the wood material, the distance is 1-5 mm, and the conductive metal polar plate connected to the positive electrode is contacted with the wood material; in the step 1), the preservative material is coated on the longitudinal section of the wood material.
A preserved wood is characterized in that it is produced by a method for improving the penetration of a preservative into wood, and the wood species include any one of masson pine, fir, spruce, poplar, and beech.
The penetration degree of the preservative is 9-35 mm, the wood hardness is 541.45-550.67 HLD, the modulus of elasticity under compression of the transverse striations is 7.87-8.97 MPa, and the compressive strength is 5.57-6.40 MPa.
The method is advanced and scientific, and by the method, the problems of poor transverse wood permeation effect, damage to the internal structure of the wood, degradation of chemical components, high production cost, long treatment period, complicated steps, pollution of chemical reagents and heavy metals and the like generated by a modifier permeation technology in the prior art are solved.
A method for increasing the penetration of a preservative into wood, comprising the steps of:
1) coating the preservative on the surface of the wood material for preservative treatment; 2) and (3) applying high-voltage electric fields to two sides of the wooden material after the antiseptic treatment, wherein the directions of the electric fields are vertical to the fiber direction of the wooden material.
Preferably, in the step 2), the conductive metal plates are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the wood material, andconnecting the negative electrode of the high-voltage electric field generator to the conductive metal polar plate above the wood material, and connecting the positive electrode of the high-voltage electric field generator to the conductive metal polar plate below the wood material, wherein the voltage of the negative electrode is not lower than 1 kV. The coating weight of the preservative is not less than 50g/m2The preservative comprises any one or combination of an oil-borne preservative and a water-borne preservative solution. The preservative is boric acid solution with the mass concentration of 3-11%, and the coating weight is 50-300 g/m 2.
The method also comprises a pretreatment step, wherein the pretreatment step comprises the following steps:
s1: drying the wood to have the water content of 8-12%, and balancing for a period of time; s2: the wood treated in S1 was subjected to sanding treatment.
The amount of the sand light treated in step S2 was 1-2 mm. The high-voltage electric field treatment time is more than 6 hours, and the temperature is 25 ℃. In the step 2), the conductive metal polar plate connected to the negative electrode is not contacted with the wood material, and the conductive metal polar plate connected to the positive electrode is contacted with the wood material; in the step 1), the preservative material is coated on the longitudinal section of the wood material.
The invention provides a preservative wood, which is prepared by a method for improving the penetration of a preservative in wood, wherein the wood species comprise any one of coniferous wood and broadleaf wood such as masson pine, fir, spruce, poplar, beech and the like. The penetration degree of the preservative is 9-35 mm. The wood hardness is 541.45-550.67 HLD, the modulus of elasticity under compression of the transverse striations is 7.87-8.97 MPa, and the compressive strength is 5.57-6.40 MPa.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the method for improving the penetration of the preservative in the wood, disclosed by the invention, the high-voltage electric field is utilized to excite the polarization of electron nuclei, so that the concentration and the polarization degree of free radicals on the surface of the material are improved, particles in the liquid are enabled to move directionally under the action of electrophoresis force, the particle mobility and the penetration of the particles in the preservative in the wood are improved, the problem of poor penetration performance of the wood in the transverse direction is solved, the penetration of the preservative is integrally improved, and the method is beneficial to the integral obtaining of stronger preservative, antibacterial effect and high-durability effect of the wood.
(2) The method for improving the penetration of the preservative in the wood utilizes a high-voltage electric field treatment method, belongs to the field of physical methods, solves the problems of structural damage, chemical component degradation, reduction of physical and mechanical properties and the like of the wood caused by using chemical reagents and microwave treatment, and is characterized in that the hardness of the treated wood is 541.45-550.67 HLD, the modulus of elasticity under compression of transverse striations is 7.87-8.97 MPa, and the compressive strength is 5.57-6.40 MPa, and the high-voltage electric field treatment method is simple in steps and low in production cost, so that the method is beneficial to further industrial development, and a novel method with low cost and excellent effect is provided for the technical field of wood preservation.
In summary, the invention discloses a method for improving the penetration of a preservative in wood, which comprises the following steps: 1) Coating the preservative on the surface of the wood material for preservative treatment; 2) and (2) applying a high-voltage electric field to two sides of the wooden material subjected to the anti-corrosion treatment, wherein the direction of the electric field is vertical to the direction of the fibers of the wooden material, conductive metal polar plates are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the wooden material, the negative electrode of the high-voltage electric field generator is connected to the conductive metal polar plate above the wooden material, the positive electrode of the high-voltage electric field generator is connected to the conductive metal polar plate below the wooden material, and the voltage of the set negative electrode is not lower than 1 kV. According to the invention, the high-voltage electric field is applied in the vertical direction of the wood fibers, so that the preservative penetration effect in the transverse direction of the wood is obviously improved, the wood penetration degree is obviously improved, the problems of chemical reagent pollution and high cost caused by a modifier are solved, and the internal structure of the wood cannot be damaged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a high voltage electric field treatment method;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing wood penetration contrast after different conditions;
FIG. 2(a) shows a normal temperature and pressure treatment; FIG. 2 (b) is a vacuum process; FIG. 2 (c) shows high voltage electric field treatment; FIG. 2 (d) is the color difference change after normal temperature and pressure treatment; FIG. 2 (e) is the change in color difference after vacuum treatment; FIG. 2 (f) shows the color difference change (Δ a represents the red color change value; Δ E represents the total color difference value) after the high-voltage electric field treatment.
Detailed description of the invention
Example 1, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 were provided in this embodiment.
The method for improving wood penetration in the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
(1) drying the wood to a water content of 10%, and carrying out equilibrium treatment for 24 h;
(2) sanding the wood, wherein the sanding amount is 1-2 mm;
(3) coating a preservative which is a boric acid solution with the mass concentration of 11% on wood, and coating a preservative material on the longitudinal section of the wood material, wherein the coating amount of the preservative is 100g/m2；
(4) And (3) applying high-voltage electric fields to the upper side and the lower side of the wooden material after the anticorrosion treatment, wherein the directions of the electric fields are vertical to the direction of the wood fibers, the negative electrode of the high-voltage electric field generator is connected with the conductive metal polar plate above the wooden material, the positive electrode of the high-voltage electric field generator is connected with the conductive metal polar plate of the wooden material, the voltage of the negative electrode is 60kV, the treatment time is 48h, and the wood is taken out after the time is up.
(5) And (3) drying the wood in an oven at 50 ℃ for 24 hours, taking out, cooling and balancing for 24 hours, and then testing the penetration degree.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a high voltage electric field treatment method; the conductive metal polar plate connected with the negative electrode is not contacted with the wood material, and the conductive metal polar plate connected with the positive electrode is contacted with the wood material (the distance is 3 mm); in the step 1), the preservative material is coated on the longitudinal section of the wood material.
Comparative example 1
The method for improving wood penetration of comparative example 1 was performed in the same manner as in example 1, except that: and (4) not applying a high-voltage electric field, and placing the wood in a normal-temperature normal-pressure environment for 48 hours.
Comparative example 2
The method for improving wood penetration of comparative example 2 was performed in the same manner as in example 1, except that: and (4) processing the wood for 48 hours in a vacuum environment without applying a high-voltage electric field, wherein the vacuum degree is 0.09 MPa.
The anticorrosive wood of example 1, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 was tested according to the penetration and mechanical property test methods in the standards GB/T23229-2009 and GB/T1939-2009, and the results are shown in fig. 2, table 1 and table 2. The results show that the penetration of the preservative in the transverse direction of the wood can be significantly improved after the high-voltage electric field treatment, and the penetration is further improved, and as can be seen from fig. 2, the color difference values (Δ a and Δ E) of the middle and lower portions of the test piece in the penetration direction are significantly increased.
Moreover, the physical and mechanical properties of the material treated by the method of the present invention were not significantly affected (as shown in table 2) compared to the microwave treatment, while it can be seen from table 3 that the mechanical properties of the wood were reduced after the microwave treatment.
TABLE 1 penetration of wood after treatment under different conditions
Figure GDA0003629277200000071
TABLE 2 mechanical Properties of the treated Wood under different conditions
Figure GDA0003629277200000072
Comparative example 3
The comparison example is the comparison of wood treated by adopting a microwave mode, and the specific conditions are as follows:
carrying out microwave treatment on the wood, wherein the treatment power is 219.78kW, the treatment time is 90s, and after the treatment is finished, testing the mechanical property[1]。
TABLE 3 mechanical Properties of the wood after microwave treatment
Figure GDA0003629277200000081
Example 2
The method for improving the penetration of the preservative in the wood of the embodiment 2 comprises the following implementation steps:
(1) drying the wood to the moisture content of 8%, and carrying out balance treatment for 24 h;
(2) sanding the wood, wherein the sanding amount is 1-2 mm;
(3) coating a preservative which is boric acid solution with the mass concentration of 6% on wood, and coating the preservative material on the longitudinal section of the wood material, wherein the coating amount is 300g/m2；
(4) And (2) applying a high-voltage electric field to two sides of the wood material after the anticorrosion treatment, wherein the direction of the electric field is vertical to the direction of wood fibers, the negative electrode of the high-voltage electric field generator is connected with the conductive metal polar plate above the wood material, the positive electrode of the high-voltage electric field generator is connected with the conductive metal polar plate below the wood material (figure 1), the voltage at the negative electrode is 20kV, the treatment time is 24h, and the wood is taken out after the time is up.
(5) And (3) drying the wood in an oven at 50 ℃ for 24 hours, taking out, cooling and balancing for 24 hours, and then testing the penetration degree.
Comparative example 3
The method for improving wood penetration of comparative example 3 was performed in the same manner as in example 2, except that: and (5) in the step (4), a high-voltage electric field is not applied, and the wood is placed in a normal-temperature normal-pressure environment for 24 hours.
Comparative example 4
The method for improving wood penetration of comparative example 4 was performed in the same manner as in example 2, except that: and (5) in the step (4), a high-voltage electric field is not applied, and the wood is placed in a vacuum environment for treatment for 24 hours, wherein the vacuum degree is 0.09 MPa.
The preservative wood of example 2, comparative example 3 and comparative example 4 was tested according to the penetration and mechanical property test methods in the standards GB/T23229-2009 and GB/T1939-2009, as in tables 4 and 5.
TABLE 4 penetration of wood after treatment under different conditions
Normal temperature and pressure conditions Vacuum condition High voltage electric field treatment
Penetration (mm) 1.37 1.9 14.7
Standard deviation in parentheses
TABLE 5 mechanical Properties of the treated Wood under different conditions
Figure GDA0003629277200000091
Standard deviation in parentheses
Example 3
The method for improving the penetration of a preservative into wood of example 3 is carried out as follows:
(1) drying the wood to reach the water content of 12%, and carrying out balance treatment for 24 hours;
(2) sanding the wood, wherein the sanding amount is 1-2 mm;
(3) coating the wood with a preservative which is boric acid solution with the mass concentration of 3%, wherein the coating weight is 50g/m2；
(4) And (2) applying high-voltage electric fields to two sides of the wood material after the anticorrosion treatment, wherein the direction of the electric fields is vertical to the direction of wood fibers, the negative electrode of the high-voltage electric field generator is connected with the conductive metal polar plate above the wood material, the positive electrode of the high-voltage electric field generator is connected with the conductive metal polar plate below the wood material (figure 1), the voltage at the negative electrode is 1kV, the treatment time is 6h, and the wood is taken out after the time is up.
(5) And (3) drying the wood in an oven at 50 ℃ for 24 hours, taking out, cooling and balancing for 24 hours, and then testing the penetration degree.
Comparative example 5
A method for improving wood penetration of comparative example 5, which was performed in the same manner as in example 3, except that: and (4) not applying a high-voltage electric field, and placing the wood in a normal-temperature normal-pressure environment for 6 hours.
Comparative example 6
A method for improving wood penetration of comparative example 6, which was carried out in the same manner as in example 3, except that: and (5) in the step (4), a high-voltage electric field is not applied, and the wood is placed in a vacuum environment for treatment for 6 hours, wherein the vacuum degree is 0.09 MPa.
The preservative wood of example 3, comparative example 5 and comparative example 6 was tested according to the penetration and mechanical property test methods in the standards GB/T23229-2009 and GB/T1939-2009, as in tables 6 and 7.
TABLE 6 penetration of wood treated under different conditions
Normal temperature and pressure conditions Vacuum condition High voltage electric field treatment
Penetration (mm) 0.9 1.40 8.96
Standard deviation in parentheses
TABLE 7 mechanical Properties of the treated Wood under different conditions
Figure GDA0003629277200000101
Figure GDA0003629277200000111
Standard deviation in parentheses
[1] The microwave treatment improves the wood impregnation and the mechanism thereof research [ D ]. China forestry science research institute, 2014.

Claims (3)

1. A method of increasing the penetration of a preservative into wood, comprising the steps of:
1) coating the preservative on the surface of the wood material for preservative treatment; the preservative is a boric acid solution with the mass concentration of 3-11%;
2) applying high-voltage electric fields to two sides of the wood material after the anticorrosion treatment, wherein the directions of the electric fields are vertical to the fiber direction of the wood material;
the step 1) is also preceded by a pretreatment step, which comprises the following steps:
s1, drying the wood to enable the water content of the wood to be 8-12%, balancing and enabling the water content in the wood to be uniform;
s2, sanding the wood treated in the S1 mode to obtain a pretreated wood material;
in the step 2), conductive metal polar plates are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the wood material, the negative electrode of the high-voltage electric field generator is connected with the conductive metal polar plate above the wood material, the positive electrode of the high-voltage electric field generator is connected with the conductive metal polar plate below the wood material, and the voltage of the set negative electrode is not lower than 1 kV; in the step 2), the conductive metal pole plate connected to the negative electrode is not in contact with the wood material, the distance is 1-5 mm, and the conductive metal pole plate connected to the positive electrode is in contact with the wood material; in the step 1), coating the preservative material on the longitudinal section of the wood material;
the high voltage electric fieldThe treatment time is more than 6 hours, and the temperature is 25 ℃; the preservative has a mass concentration of 3-11% and a coating weight of 50-300 g/m2(ii) a The penetration degree of the preservative is 9-35 mm, the wood hardness is 541.45-550.67 HLD, the modulus of elasticity under compression of the transverse striations is 7.87-8.97 MPa, and the compressive strength is 5.57-6.40 MPa.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S2, the sanding process is performed with an amount of light of 1-2mm to make the wood surface smooth and clean.
3. An antiseptic wood material, which is produced by the method for improving the penetration of a preservative into wood according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the wood species includes any one of masson pine, fir, spruce, poplar, and zelkova.
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