CN112589129A - Double-water-cooling melting nozzle for 3D printing of metal - Google Patents
Double-water-cooling melting nozzle for 3D printing of metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN112589129A CN112589129A CN202011399208.7A CN202011399208A CN112589129A CN 112589129 A CN112589129 A CN 112589129A CN 202011399208 A CN202011399208 A CN 202011399208A CN 112589129 A CN112589129 A CN 112589129A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/115—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by spraying molten metal, i.e. spray sintering, spray casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double water-cooling melting nozzle for metal 3D printing, which comprises: the device comprises a wire feeding pipe, a wire feeding pipe joint, a cold and hot transition pipe, a water-cooling heat exchanger, an inner diameter pipe, a red copper pad, a fastening screw cap, a sensing pipe gland, a butting connector, a variable-temperature transition pipe joint, a small red copper pad, an extrusion gun core shell, a sensing heated pipe, a thin-wall fusion pipe, an extrusion nozzle, an electric sensing water-cooling copper pipe and an extrusion gun shell. The melting extrusion nozzle adopts a double water cooling design, wires are fed into the extruding structure and is ingenious in design and compact in structure, a nozzle main body can be immersed into a high-temperature closed box, the external temperature and the temperature of an electric induction heating component inside the nozzle are mutually isolated and have no influence, the feeding wires are rapidly heated, the upper limit temperature is high, various metals can be extruded by heating, and the requirements of melting heating and extruding various metal wires in a metal melting extrusion rapid forming method can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a 3D printing or rapid forming manufacturing device, in particular to a double-water-cooling melting nozzle for metal 3D printing. The metal melting extrusion 3D printing is a process of extruding molten metal from small pores in an extrusion mode after a metal material is heated to melt or semi-melted, and performing stacking forming, and the physical process of the process is similar to the 3D printing principle of organic materials.
Background
3D printing or rapid prototyping manufacture is a hot research object in various advanced manufacturing fields in a convenient and rapid manufacturing form with special forming capability, and with the development of the technological level, the metal 3D printing technology which is a key technology is more and more concerned by scientific research institutions and industrial manufacturers and becomes a new and emerging manufacturing means.
At present, the 3D printing of non-metallic materials is mainly in a melting and extruding mode, namely, wires are sent into a nozzle provided with resistance heating to be heated and melted into a semi-molten state, the lower end of the nozzle is provided with small holes, and in the continuous feeding process of new wires, the pressure in the nozzle is increased, so that forming materials in the semi-molten state are extruded from the small holes at the lower end of the nozzle to form filaments in the molten state for stacking and forming. The metal 3D printing or rapid forming technology mainly uses a laser heating source, and achieves the purpose of sintering and forming by emitting laser and changing the laser irradiation angle to enable the laser focus to rapidly move on a powder layer on the platform surface.
Compared with a 3D printing technology of a laser heat source, the principle of a 3D rapid forming technology of metal melting extrusion is more similar to that of an electrothermal melting extrusion 3D printing technology of a non-metal material, the heating and melting temperature of a nozzle is required to be very high due to the requirement of the metal melting extrusion rapid forming technology, the heating and melting temperature of the nozzle is usually required to be more than 2/3 of a metal melting point, the heating temperature is 3-4 times that of a conventional non-metal 3D printing nozzle, the forming environmental condition is also severe, core components of the nozzle are required to be immersed in a closed high-temperature environment, great inconvenience is brought to mechanical structure design and electrical design, the high-temperature resistance of the material is required to be considered, the technical difficulty of realization is high, and no practical and available metal melting forming equipment exists at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems faced by the metal melting extrusion 3D printing or rapid forming technology, the invention aims to provide a double-water-cooling melting nozzle for metal 3D printing, which can heat a fed metal wire to a semi-molten state through induction, and extrude the molten metal from a small hole below the nozzle through the extrusion effect brought by the wire feeding process, so as to realize the purpose of rapid forming by metal melting extrusion.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a double-water-cooling melting nozzle for metal 3D printing, which comprises:
the device comprises a wire feeding pipe, a wire feeding pipe joint, a cold and hot transition pipe, a water-cooling heat exchanger, an inner diameter pipe, a red copper pad, a fastening screw cap, an induction pipe gland, a butting connector, a temperature-changing transition pipe joint, a small red copper pad, an extrusion gun core shell, an induction heated pipe, a thin-wall fusion pipe, an extrusion nozzle, an electric induction water-cooling copper pipe and an extrusion gun shell; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
send a pipe end by send a pipe coupling's thin end chucking, send a pipe coupling's butt screw hole with cold and hot transition pipe's screw thread is set up, cold and hot transition pipe's lower extreme screw in water-cooled heat exchanger's upper end central screw hole sets up, water-cooled heat exchanger's lower extreme by four screw holes with fastening screw lid passes through bolted connection, fastening screw lid's the thin end screw mouth screw in of lower part support the upper end screw hole of tight coupler and set up, support the outer screw mouth screw in of lower extreme of tight coupler the last screw hole of extrusion rifle core shell by fastening screw lid support tight coupler in the cavity that extrusion rifle core shell constitutes, by water-cooled heat exchanger's lower extreme projection roof pressure in order the copper pad the induction pipe gland the alternating temperature transition tube section little copper pad thin wall fusion tube, The induction heating pipe and the extrusion nozzle, two binding coils of the electric induction water-cooling copper pipe are positioned in the middle of the extrusion gun core shell, the lower end of the extrusion gun core shell extends out of a lower end hole of the extrusion gun shell, the extrusion gun shell wraps all the components, and a middle gap is filled with a high-temperature-resistant insulating material.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the double-water-cooling melting nozzle for metal 3D printing provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the metal wire passes through the cold and hot transition pipe and the inner diameter pipe from the wire feeding pipe, then passes through the induction pipe gland and the variable temperature transition pipe joint, finally enters the thin-wall fusion pipe, the electric induction water-cooled copper pipe is loaded with high-frequency oscillation current, a high-frequency electromagnetic field is generated on the axial diameter of the spiral coil of the water-cooled copper pipe, so that the induction heating pipe at the axial position of the spiral coil is influenced by the alternating electromagnetic field to generate alternating current on the pipe wall, after the induction heating pipe is rapidly heated by the electromagnetic field, the heat of the induction heating pipe is rapidly transferred to the metal wire in the thin-wall fusion pipe through the good thermal conductivity of the thin-wall fusion pipe, the metal wire is heated and melted into a liquid state or a molten state, the metal wire is continuously fed into the thin-wall fusion pipe, the cavity of the thin-wall fusion pipe is filled with molten metal, the temperature in the thin-wall fusion pipe is also transferred upwards along the metal wire, the temperature of the metal wire passing through the temperature-changing transition pipe section is also changed violently, the wire is softened from the temperature-changing transition pipe section to the thin-wall fusion pipe, meanwhile, due to the limitation of the taper hole of the temperature-changing transition pipe section, the metal wire naturally forms a conical pushing plug from hard to soft at the position of the metal wire, so that the downward force of the wire can be converted into the downward extrusion force of the molten metal in the thin-wall fusion pipe cavity in the feeding process of the wire, the metal wire cannot be blocked at the temperature-changing transition pipe section with the violent change of the temperature field due to the conical pushing plug form, the wire can be fed continuously well, the continuously fed metal wire extrudes the molten metal in the thin-wall core pipe, the molten metal is forced to be continuously extruded from a small hole below the extrusion nozzle, and finally the purpose of extruding the metal wire into the molten metal microwire is achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic partial sectional structural view of a metal 3D printing double-water-cooling melting nozzle provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the double-water-cooling melting nozzle being placed in a high-temperature sealed box;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional front view of an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure:
1-wire feeding pipe, 2-wire feeding pipe joint, 3-cold and hot transition pipe, 4-water cooling heat exchanger, 5-inner diameter pipe, 6-red copper pad, 7-fastening screw cap, 8-induction pipe gland, 9-abutting coupler, 10-temperature changing transition pipe joint, 11-small red copper pad, 12-extrusion gun core shell, 13-induction heated pipe, 14-thin wall fusion pipe, 15-extrusion nozzle, 16-electric induction water cooling copper pipe and 17-extrusion gun shell.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific contents of the present invention, and the contents that are not described in detail in the embodiments of the present invention belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.
The preferred embodiment of the dual-water-cooling melting nozzle for metal 3D printing of the present invention is shown in fig. 1 and 2:
the method comprises the following steps:
the device comprises a wire feeding pipe 1, a wire feeding pipe joint 2, a cold-hot transition pipe 3, a water-cooling heat exchanger 4, an inner diameter pipe 5, a red copper pad 6, a fastening screw cover 7, an induction pipe gland 8, a butting connector 9, a variable-temperature transition pipe joint 10, a small red copper pad 11, an extrusion gun core shell 12, an induction heated pipe 13, a thin-wall fusion pipe 14, an extrusion nozzle 15, an electric induction water-cooling copper pipe 16 and an extrusion gun shell 17; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the end of the wire feeding pipe 1 is clamped by the thin end of the wire feeding pipe joint 2, the thick end threaded hole of the wire feeding pipe joint 2 is fastened with the thread of the cold-hot transition pipe 3, the lower end of the cold-hot transition pipe 3 is screwed into and fastened with the upper end central threaded hole of the water-cooled heat exchanger 4, the lower end of the water-cooled heat exchanger 4 is connected with the fastening screw cap 7 by four threaded holes through bolts, the lower thin end threaded port of the fastening screw cap 7 is screwed into and fastened with the upper end threaded hole of the abutting coupler 9, the outer threaded port at the lower end of the abutting coupler 9 is screwed into the upper threaded hole of the extrusion gun core shell 12, in the cavity formed by the fastening screw cap 7, the abutting coupler 9 and the extrusion gun core shell 12, the red copper pad 6, the induction pipe gland 8, the temperature-changing transition pipe joint 10, the small red copper pad 11, the thin-wall fusion pipe 14, the induction pipe 13 and the extrusion nozzle 15 are sequentially pressed by the lower convex column at the lower end of the water-cooled copper pipe 16, the lower end of the extrusion gun core shell 12 protrudes from the lower end hole of the extrusion gun outer shell 17, the extrusion gun outer shell 17 wraps all the components in the extrusion gun core shell, and the middle gap is filled with high-temperature-resistant insulating and heat-insulating materials.
The lower end of the extrusion gun core shell 12 is provided with a tapered inner hole which is matched with the taper of the extrusion nozzle 15 and can play a role in guiding and fastening after being pressed by the upper end;
the pipe diameter of the cold and hot transition pipe 3 is slightly thicker than that of an inner diameter pipe 5 in the water-cooling heat exchanger 4, and an inner hole at the upper end of the inner diameter pipe 5 is chamfered so as to facilitate the entry of metal wires;
the induction pipe gland 8 is made of good heat conduction material and is separated from the water-cooled heat exchanger 4 by a layer of red copper pad 6, so that the temperature of the induction pipe gland 8 can be regarded as being close to that of the water-cooled heat exchanger 4;
the inner diameter pipe 5 is plugged into the central hole of the water-cooling heat exchanger 4, metal wires in the inner diameter pipe 5 and the induction pipe gland 8 below the inner diameter pipe 5 can be directly cooled through circulating water cooling, a large gradient temperature field in the variable-temperature transition pipe joint 10 is formed, meanwhile, the water-cooling heat exchanger 4 occupies most of the space in the extrusion gun shell 17, and the absolute temperature in the melting nozzle is also remarkably reduced;
the temperature above the variable temperature transition pipe joint 10 is relatively low under the action of the water-cooled heat exchanger 4, a small red copper pad 11 is placed in a concave circular groove at the lower end of the variable temperature transition pipe joint 10, and the temperature of molten metal in a thin-wall fusion pipe 14 below the variable temperature transition pipe joint 10 is very high, so that a large temperature difference exists between the upper part and the lower part of the variable temperature transition pipe joint 10, and the variable temperature transition pipe joint 10 forms a temperature field with a large temperature change gradient from top to bottom;
in order to prevent the metal wire from being blocked after entering the pipe group and to maximize the pressure brought by the metal wire feeding to act on the molten metal, the central hole of the temperature-changing transition pipe section 10 is a unthreaded hole with a taper, the metal wire is rapidly heated and softened after entering the temperature-changing transition pipe section 10 and limited by the tapered unthreaded hole of the temperature-changing transition pipe section 10, and the metal wire deforms in a taper shape and is extruded into the pipe core of the thin-wall fusion pipe 14;
after the induction tube gland 8 is screwed into the extrusion gun core shell 12, the lower end of the induction tube gland abuts against the lower induction heated tube 13, the extrusion nozzle 15 and the inner hole wall with the taper at the lower end of the extrusion gun core shell 12 along the radial direction of the central axis of the induction tube, thereby forming an outer layer cavity for protecting molten metal;
a fastening screw cap 7 is screwed into a threaded hole at the upper end of the abutting connector 9, and a lower red copper pad 6, an induction tube gland 8, a variable-temperature transition pipe section 10, a small red copper pad 11, a thin-wall fusion tube 14 and an extrusion nozzle 15 are sequentially abutted by a lower convex cylinder of the water-cooled heat exchanger 4 along the radial direction of the central axis of the fastening screw cap, so that a second sealed leakage-proof cavity is formed outside a wire feeding channel;
the inner pipe wall of the induction heating pipe 13 is attached to the outer wall of the thin-wall fusion pipe 14, the thin-wall fusion pipe 14 is made of an insulating high-temperature-resistant material and has good heat conduction performance, and the temperature change of the induction heating pipe 13 can be directly conducted to the thin-wall fusion pipe 14 and metal wires in the thin-wall fusion pipe;
the induction heated tube 13 is made of carbon steel, after the electric induction water-cooled copper tube 16 passes through high-frequency oscillation current, a high-frequency alternating electromagnetic field is generated at the position of the coiled induction heated tube 13, so that the induction heated tube 13 can be rapidly heated, and the fastening screw cover 7, the abutting connector 9 and the extrusion gun core shell 12 are made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel materials and are not influenced by electromagnetic induction heating;
the extrusion gun shell 17 is made of high-temperature-resistant insulating material, and the insulating and heat-insulating high-temperature-resistant material is filled in a cavity formed by the extrusion gun shell;
the water inlet and outlet pipe ports 4-2 of the water-cooled heat exchanger 4 extend outwards from the opening at the upper end of the extrusion gun shell 17 and can be directly connected with the water inlet and outlet pipes;
the melting extrusion nozzle formed by the components is immersed into a circular opening in the top of a high-temperature closed box, the high-temperature closed box is used for ensuring the required ambient temperature of molten metal in the 3D printing process, and the cold-hot transition pipe 3 and the structures above are located in a normal-temperature environment outside the high-temperature closed box.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the dual-water-cooling fusion nozzle for metal 3D printing provided in this embodiment is a fusion extrusion nozzle for metal 3D printing, which uses electromagnetic induction heating as a heat source to heat a metal wire into a molten state and then performs extrusion molding. The carbon steel heating tube in the melting extrusion nozzle is heated in an electromagnetic induction mode to form a high-temperature chamber, metal wire materials are sent into the high-temperature chamber from a wire guide tube and then are heated and softened into liquid or molten metal, the molten metal is extruded out from a small hole below the nozzle in an extrusion mode, and a stacking forming process is carried out, and the physical process of the process is similar to the 3D printing principle of organic materials.
The method specifically comprises the following steps: the device comprises a wire feeding pipe 1, a wire feeding pipe joint 2, a cold-hot transition pipe 3, a water-cooling heat exchanger 4, an inner diameter pipe 5, a red copper pad 6, a fastening screw cover 7, an induction pipe gland 8, a butting connector 9, a variable-temperature transition pipe joint 10, a small red copper pad 11, an extrusion gun core shell 12, an induction heated pipe 13, a thin-wall fusion pipe 14, an extrusion nozzle 15, an electric induction water-cooling copper pipe 16 and an extrusion gun shell 17; wherein, the end of the wire feeding pipe 1 is clamped by the thin end of the wire feeding pipe joint 2, the thick end screw hole of the wire feeding pipe joint 2 is fastened with the screw thread of the cold-hot transition pipe 3, the lower end of the cold-hot transition pipe 3 is screwed into and fastened with the central screw hole of the upper end of the water-cooling heat exchanger 4, the lower end of the water-cooling heat exchanger 4 is connected with the fastening screw cap 7 by four screw holes through bolts, the lower thin end screw thread port of the fastening screw cap 7 is screwed into and fastened with the upper end screw hole of the abutting coupler 9, the outer screw thread port of the lower end of the abutting coupler 9 is screwed into the upper screw hole of the extrusion gun core shell 12, in the cavity formed by the fastening screw cap 7, the abutting coupler 9 and the extrusion gun core shell 12, the red copper pad 6, the induction pipe gland 8, the variable temperature transition pipe joint 10, the small red copper pad 11, the thin-wall fusion pipe 14, the induction pipe 13 and the extrusion nozzle 15 are sequentially pressed by the lower convex column of the water-cooling heat exchanger 4, the lower end of the extrusion gun core shell 12 protrudes from the lower end hole of the extrusion gun outer shell 17, the extrusion gun outer shell 17 wraps all the components in the extrusion gun core shell, and the middle gap is filled with high-temperature-resistant insulating and heat-insulating materials.
The lower end of the core shell 12 of the extrusion gun is provided with a tapered inner hole which is matched with the taper of the extrusion nozzle 15 and can play a role in guiding and fastening after being pressed by the upper end;
the pipe diameter of the cold and hot transition pipe 3 is slightly thicker than that of an inner diameter pipe 5 in the water-cooling heat exchanger 4, and an inner hole at the upper end of the inner diameter pipe 5 is chamfered so as to facilitate the entry of metal wires;
the induction pipe gland 8 is made of good heat conduction material and is separated from the water-cooled heat exchanger 4 by a layer of red copper pad 6, so that the temperature of the induction pipe gland 8 can be regarded as being close to that of the water-cooled heat exchanger 4;
the inner diameter pipe 5 is plugged into the central hole of the water-cooling heat exchanger 4, metal wires in the inner diameter pipe 5 and the induction pipe gland 8 below the inner diameter pipe 5 can be directly cooled through circulating water cooling, a large gradient temperature field in the variable-temperature transition pipe joint 10 is formed, meanwhile, the water-cooling heat exchanger 4 occupies most of the space in the extrusion gun shell 17, and the absolute temperature in the melting nozzle is also remarkably reduced;
the temperature above the temperature-changing transition pipe joint 10 is relatively low under the action of the water-cooling heat exchanger 4, a small red copper pad 11 is placed in a concave circular groove at the lower end of the temperature-changing transition pipe joint 10, and the temperature of molten metal in a thin-wall fusion pipe 14 below the temperature-changing transition pipe joint 10 is very high, so that a large temperature difference exists between the upper part and the lower part of the temperature-changing transition pipe joint 10, and the temperature-changing transition pipe joint 10 forms a temperature field with a large temperature change gradient from top to bottom;
in order to prevent the metal wire from being blocked after entering the pipe group and to maximize the pressure brought by the metal wire feeding to act on the molten metal, the central hole of the temperature-changing transition pipe section 10 is a unthreaded hole with a taper, the metal wire is rapidly heated and softened after entering the temperature-changing transition pipe section 10 and limited by the tapered unthreaded hole of the temperature-changing transition pipe section 10, and the metal wire deforms in a taper shape and is extruded into the pipe core of the thin-wall fusion pipe 14;
after the induction tube gland 8 is screwed into the extrusion gun core shell 12, the lower end of the induction tube gland abuts against the lower induction heated tube 13, the extrusion nozzle 15 and the lower tapered inner hole wall of the extrusion gun core shell 12 along the radial direction of the central axis of the extrusion gun core shell, thereby forming an outer layer cavity for protecting molten metal;
the fastening screw cap 7 is screwed into a threaded hole at the upper end of the abutting connector 9, and the lower red copper pad 6, the induction tube gland 8, the variable-temperature transition pipe section 10, the small red copper pad 11, the thin-wall fusion tube 14 and the extrusion nozzle 15 are sequentially abutted by a convex cylinder at the lower end of the water-cooled heat exchanger 4 along the radial direction of the central axis of the fastening screw cap, so that a second sealed leakage-proof cavity is formed outside the wire feeding channel;
the inner pipe wall of the induction heated pipe 13 is attached to the outer wall of the thin-wall fusion pipe 14, the thin-wall fusion pipe 14 is made of an insulating high-temperature-resistant material and has good heat conduction performance, and the temperature change of the induction heated pipe 13 can be directly conducted to the thin-wall fusion pipe 14 and metal wires in the thin-wall fusion pipe;
the induction heating tube 13 is made of carbon steel, after the electric induction water-cooling copper tube 16 passes through high-frequency oscillation current, a high-frequency alternating electromagnetic field is generated at the position of the coiled induction heating tube 13, so that the induction heating tube 13 can be rapidly heated, and the fastening screw cover 7, the abutting connector 9 and the extrusion gun core shell 12 are made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel materials and are not influenced by electromagnetic induction heating;
the extrusion gun shell 17 is made of high-temperature-resistant insulating material, and the cavity formed by the extrusion gun shell is filled with insulating and heat-insulating high-temperature-resistant material;
the water inlet and outlet pipe ports 4-2 of the water-cooling heat exchanger 4 extend outwards from the opening at the upper end of the extrusion gun shell 17 and can be directly connected with the water inlet and outlet pipes;
the melting extrusion nozzle formed by the components is immersed into a circular opening in the top of a high-temperature closed box, the high-temperature closed box is used for ensuring the required ambient temperature of molten metal in the 3D printing process, and the cold-hot transition pipe 3 and the structures above are located in a normal-temperature environment outside the high-temperature closed box.
The double-water-cooling melting nozzle for metal 3D printing can heat and melt metal wires fed into the melting extrusion nozzle, and continuously extrude the metal wires from the small holes of the nozzle through the extrusion pressure of the fed wires. The metal wire enters the cold-hot transition pipe from the wire feeding pipe, passes through the inner diameter pipe, the induction pipe gland and the temperature-changing transition pipe joint, finally enters the thin-wall fusion pipe, a high-frequency electromagnetic field is induced on a winding of the electric induction water-cooling copper pipe through high-frequency oscillation current, the induction heating pipe is rapidly heated, heat is transferred to the metal wire through the thin-wall fusion pipe, the metal wire is continuously fed, the metal wire is fully extruded by the fed metal wire continuously, the molten metal is forced to be continuously extruded from a small hole below the extrusion nozzle, and finally the purpose of extruding the metal wire into molten metal microwires is achieved. The double-water-cooling melting nozzle has the advantages that the electromagnetic induction heating and wire feeding extrusion structure is ingenious in design and compact in structure, the melting nozzle body can be immersed in a high-temperature closed box, the external temperature and the temperature of an electric induction heating component in the nozzle are mutually isolated and have no influence, the feeding wire is rapidly heated, the upper limit temperature is high, multiple metals can be extruded through heating, the external insulation and heat insulation are good, the safety and the heat efficiency are high, and therefore the requirements of melting, heating and extruding metal wires in a metal melting extrusion rapid forming method are met.
With reference to fig. 1 and 2, the working flow of the present invention is as follows:
after entering a cold-hot transition pipe from a wire feeding pipe, a metal wire passes through an inner diameter pipe in a central hole of a water-cooling heat exchanger, then passes through an induction pipe gland and a temperature-changing transition pipe joint, and finally enters a thin-wall fusion pipe, high-frequency oscillation current is loaded on an electric induction water-cooling copper pipe, a high-frequency electromagnetic field is generated on the axial diameter of a spiral coil of the water-cooling copper pipe, so that the induction heating pipe at the axial center position of the spiral coil is influenced by an alternating electromagnetic field to generate alternating current on the pipe wall, after the induction heating pipe is rapidly heated by the electromagnetic field, the heat of the induction heating pipe is rapidly transferred to the metal wire in the thin-wall fusion pipe through the good thermal conductivity of the thin-wall fusion pipe, the metal wire is heated and melted into a liquid state or a molten state, the cavity of the thin-wall fusion pipe is filled with molten metal along with the metal, the temperature of the metal wire is gradually reduced to a soft degree at the temperature-changing transition pipe joint and is limited by a central taper hole of the temperature-changing transition pipe joint, the wire is extruded to be in a downward taper plug shape, so that the wire can finish the wire feeding force to be converted into downward extrusion force in the feeding process, meanwhile, the wire can be continuously fed in a taper plug shape, the continuously fed metal wire extrudes molten metal in the thin-wall fusion pipe, the molten metal is forced to be continuously extruded from a small hole below an extrusion nozzle, and finally, the purpose of extruding the metal wire into molten metal microwires is achieved.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a metal 3D prints with two water-cooling melting nozzle which characterized in that includes:
the device comprises a wire feeding pipe (1), a wire feeding pipe joint (2), a cold-hot transition pipe (3), a water-cooled heat exchanger (4), an inner diameter pipe (5), a red copper pad (6), a fastening screw cap (7), an induction pipe gland (8), a pressing connector (9), a variable-temperature transition pipe joint (10), a small red copper pad (11), an extrusion gun core shell (12), an induction heated pipe (13), a thin-wall fusion pipe (14), an extrusion nozzle (15), an electric induction water-cooled copper pipe (16) and an extrusion gun shell (17);
the end of the wire feeding pipe (1) is clamped by the thin end of a wire feeding pipe joint (2), the thick end threaded hole of the wire feeding pipe joint (2) is fastened with the thread of a cold-hot transition pipe (3), the lower end of the cold-hot transition pipe (3) is screwed into and fastened with the upper central threaded hole of a water-cooling heat exchanger (4), the lower end of the water-cooling heat exchanger (4) is connected with a fastening screw cover (7) through a bolt through four threaded holes, the lower thin end threaded hole of the fastening screw cover (7) is screwed into and fastened with the upper threaded hole of a butting connector (9), the outer threaded hole of the lower end of the butting connector (9) is screwed into the upper threaded hole of an extrusion gun core shell (12), and in a cavity formed by the fastening screw cover (7), the butting connector (9) and the extrusion gun core shell (12), a red copper pad (6), an induction pipe gland (8), a variable temperature transition pipe joint (10) are sequentially jacked by the lower convex column of the, The device comprises a small red copper pad (11), a thin-wall fusion tube (14), an induction heating tube (13) and an extrusion nozzle (15), wherein two binding coils of an electric induction water-cooling copper tube (16) are positioned in the middle of an extrusion gun core shell (12), the lower end of the extrusion gun core shell (12) extends out of a lower end hole of an extrusion gun shell (17), the extrusion gun shell (17) wraps all the components in the extrusion gun core shell, and a middle gap is filled with a high-temperature-resistant insulating material.
2. The dual-water-cooling melting nozzle for 3D metal printing according to claim 1, wherein the lower end of the extrusion gun core shell (12) is a tapered inner hole which is matched with the taper of the extrusion nozzle (15) and plays a role in guiding and fastening after being pressed by the upper end.
3. The dual-water-cooling melting nozzle for metal 3D printing according to claim 2, wherein the pipe diameter of the cold-hot transition pipe (3) is slightly thicker than that of an inner diameter pipe (5) in the water-cooling heat exchanger (4), and an inner hole at the upper end of the inner diameter pipe (5) is chamfered to facilitate the entry of metal wires.
4. The dual water-cooling melting nozzle for metal 3D printing according to claim 3, wherein the sensing tube gland (8) is made of good heat conducting material and is separated from the water-cooling heat exchanger (4) by a layer of red copper pad (6), so that the temperature of the sensing tube gland (8) is considered to be close to the temperature of the water-cooling heat exchanger (4).
5. The dual-water-cooling melting nozzle for metal 3D printing according to claim 4, wherein the inner diameter pipe (5) is plugged into a central hole of the water-cooling heat exchanger (4), metal wires in the inner diameter pipe (5) and the induction pipe gland (8) below are directly cooled through circulating water cooling, a large gradient temperature field in the temperature-changing transition pipe joint (10) is formed, meanwhile, the water-cooling heat exchanger (4) occupies most of the space in the extrusion gun shell (17), and the absolute temperature in the melting nozzle is also significantly reduced.
6. The dual-water-cooling melting nozzle for metal 3D printing according to claim 5, wherein the temperature above the temperature-changing transition pipe joint (10) is relatively low under the action of the water-cooling heat exchanger (4), the small red copper pad (11) is placed in the concave circular groove at the lower end of the temperature-changing transition pipe joint (10), and the temperature of the molten metal in the lower thin-wall melting pipe (14) is very high, so that a large temperature difference exists above and below the temperature-changing transition pipe joint (10), and the temperature-changing transition pipe joint (10) forms a temperature field with a large temperature change gradient from top to bottom;
in order to prevent the metal wire from being blocked after entering the pipe group and to maximize the pressure brought by the metal wire feeding to act on the molten metal, the central hole of the temperature-changing transition pipe section (10) is a unthreaded hole with a taper, the metal wire is heated and softened quickly after entering the temperature-changing transition pipe section (10) and limited by the tapered unthreaded hole of the temperature-changing transition pipe section (10), and the metal wire is deformed in a taper shape and is extruded into the pipe core of the thin-wall fusion pipe (14).
7. The dual-water-cooling melting nozzle for 3D metal printing according to claim 6, wherein after the induction tube gland (8) is screwed into the extrusion gun core shell (12), the lower end of the induction tube gland abuts against the lower induction heated tube (13), the extrusion nozzle (15) and the lower tapered inner hole wall of the extrusion gun core shell (12) along the radial direction of the central axis of the induction tube gland, so that an outer layer cavity for protecting molten metal is formed;
the fastening screw cap (7) is screwed into a threaded hole at the upper end of the fastening connector (9), and the lower end convex cylinder of the water-cooled heat exchanger (4) sequentially supports against a red copper pad (6), an induction tube gland (8), a variable-temperature transition pipe joint (10), a small red copper pad (11), a thin-wall fusion tube (14) and an extrusion nozzle (15) below along the radial direction of the central axis of the fastening screw cap, so that a second sealing leakage-proof cavity is formed outside a wire material feeding channel.
8. The dual-water-cooling melting nozzle for metal 3D printing is characterized in that the inner pipe wall of the induction heating pipe (13) is attached to the outer wall of the thin-wall melting pipe (14), the thin-wall melting pipe (14) is made of an insulating high-temperature-resistant material and has good heat conduction performance, and the temperature change of the induction heating pipe (13) is directly conducted to the thin-wall melting pipe (14) and metal wires in the thin-wall melting pipe;
the induction heating tube (13) is made of carbon steel, after the electric induction water-cooling copper tube (16) passes through high-frequency oscillation current, a high-frequency alternating electromagnetic field can be generated at the position of the coiled induction heating tube (13), so that the induction heating tube (13) is rapidly heated, and the fastening screw cap (7), the abutting coupler (9) and the extrusion gun core shell (12) are made of high-temperature-resistant stainless steel materials and are not influenced by electromagnetic induction heating.
9. The double water-cooling melting nozzle for metal 3D printing according to claim 8, wherein the extrusion gun housing (17) is made of a high-temperature-resistant insulating material, and a cavity formed by the extrusion gun housing is filled with an insulating and heat-insulating high-temperature-resistant material;
the water outlet pipe and the water inlet pipe (4-2) of the water-cooling heat exchanger (4) extend outwards from the opening at the upper end of the extrusion gun shell (17) and can be directly connected with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe.
10. The double water-cooling melting nozzle for metal 3D printing according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the melting extrusion nozzle is submerged into a top circular opening of a high-temperature closed box, the high-temperature closed box is used for ensuring the required ambient temperature of molten metal in the 3D printing process, and the cold-hot transition pipe (3) and the structures above are located in a normal temperature environment outside the high-temperature closed box.
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