CN112585349A - 风能设备转子叶片 - Google Patents

风能设备转子叶片 Download PDF

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CN112585349A
CN112585349A CN201980054717.5A CN201980054717A CN112585349A CN 112585349 A CN112585349 A CN 112585349A CN 201980054717 A CN201980054717 A CN 201980054717A CN 112585349 A CN112585349 A CN 112585349A
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rotor blade
insert
power plant
wind power
flat
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弗洛里安·鲁布纳
约翰内斯·普雷舍尔
塞巴斯蒂安·恩格尔哈特
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Wobben Properties GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/0608—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape
    • F03D1/0633—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape of the blades
    • F03D1/0641—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape of the blades of the section profile of the blades, i.e. aerofoil profile
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0675—Rotors characterised by their construction elements of the blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
    • B29C70/342—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using isostatic pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C70/46—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
    • B29C70/48—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs and impregnating the reinforcements in the closed mould, e.g. resin transfer moulding [RTM], e.g. by vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
    • B29C70/78—Moulding material on one side only of the preformed part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • B29D99/0025—Producing blades or the like, e.g. blades for turbines, propellers, or wings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/08—Blades for rotors, stators, fans, turbines or the like, e.g. screw propellers
    • B29L2031/082—Blades, e.g. for helicopters
    • B29L2031/085—Wind turbine blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05B2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F05B2240/304—Details of the trailing edge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2280/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05B2280/40—Organic materials
    • F05B2280/4002—Cellulosic materials, e.g. wood
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提出一种具有平背后缘(210)的风能设备转子叶片(200)。所述平背后缘(210)具有至少一个插入件(220)，所述插入件具有平坦的外侧(220a)和弯曲的内侧(220b)。

Description

风能设备转子叶片
技术领域
本发明涉及一种风能设备转子叶片以及一种具有相应的转子叶片的风能设备。
背景技术
具有平背翼型的风能设备转子叶片是众所周知的。
US 2010/0143146 A1示出一种具有平背翼型的风能设备转子叶片。在转子叶片后缘的表示平背翼型的区域中，设有呈泡沫体形式的端缘插入件，以便改进转子叶片的稳定性。在泡沫体的指向转子叶片内侧的端部上施加有多个纤维层。泡沫体用作加固芯。
德国专利商标局在作为优先权的德国专利申请中检索到以下文件：DE 10 2014203 936 A1、US 2010/0 143 146 A1、EP 3 018 342 B1、EP 3 085 952 A1和WO 2018/015250 A1。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提出一种具有平背翼型的风能设备转子叶片，其能够更有效地制造。
该目的通过根据权利要求1的风能设备转子叶片、根据权利要求4的风能设备以及根据权利要求6的用于制造风能设备转子叶片的方法来实现。
因此，提出一种具有平背后缘的风能设备转子叶片。平背后缘具有至少一个插入件，所述插入件具有平坦的外侧和弯曲的内侧。插入件能够构成后缘的一部分(例如作为端缘插入件)。插入件的平坦的外侧因此能够构成平背翼型的平坦的后缘。
根据本发明的一个方面，插入件的弯曲的内侧构成为，使得实现纤维织物的纤维相适的铺设或施用。
根据本发明的另一方面，在制造期间，紧接插入件放置外层压板、预成型件，可选的芯材料和内层压板。尤其在靠近法兰的区域中能够可选地弃用芯材料。
本发明同样涉及一种用于制造风能设备转子叶片的方法。至少一个插入件插入用于制造风能设备转子叶片的模具中。插入件具有平坦的外侧和弯曲的内侧。将预成型件或外层压板放置在插入件的弯曲的内侧上。芯材料和内层压板能够放置在预成型件或外层压板上。随后能够可选地执行真空注入法以制造用于风能设备转子叶片的半壳。
本发明涉及如下基本思想：提出具有例如呈泡沫体形式的端缘插入件的平背翼型的在空气动力学方面重要的设计方案。因此，平背后缘不是通过纤维复合织物提供或构成，而是通过(端缘)插入件提供或构成。
因此，为了实现转子叶片的纤维相适的制造，根据本发明避免了在插入件的内侧上具有直角的几何形状。因此，在转子叶片的几何形状中遵循最小曲率半径，以便优化在这些区域中的负载流。尤其在制造具有平背翼型(所述平背翼型通常在后缘区域具有直角)的风能设备转子叶片时，不这样的话则很难将纤维织物施用到具有直角的角部中。这可能导致转子叶片的结构劣化。虽然刚性能够基本保持不变，但强度会受到显著影响。
借助于根据本发明的风能设备转子叶片，能够在端缘/平背的区域中以纤维最佳的方式构成织物或纤维相适地施用织物。
此外，因此能够避免纯树脂积聚。通过在后缘的区域中设置泡沫插入件，能够实现锐利的后缘，使得能够实现在空气动力学方面所需的形状，而没有任何负面作用。
特别地，能够实现用于流过泡沫插入件或端缘插入件的整洁的分流棱边。
因此，能够实现具有平背翼型的风能设备转子叶片，而无需其他附件。
根据本发明，插入件，例如端缘插入件，在制造转子叶片时就已经一起装入。替选于此，如果同样在模具中存在端缘的曲率半径，那么也能够后续地施加插入件。
借助于根据本发明的风能设备转子叶片，能够优化纤维织物内的力流(因为实现了纤维相适的设计)。此外，能够保持所期望的空气动力学轮廓。此外，因为不需要附加的附件，能够遵循转子叶片的原始的几何形状。
根据本发明的一个方面，在制造转子叶片期间，泡沫插入件已经引入到主模具中。
因此能够弃用在转子叶片的成型生产中的另外步骤。
本发明的其他设计方案是从属权利要求的主题。
附图说明
下面参考附图详细阐述本发明的优点和实施例。
图1示出根据本发明的风能设备的示意图，
图2示出根据本发明的一个方面的风能设备转子叶片的示意性的剖视图，
图3示出根据第一实施例的风能设备转子叶片的示意性的剖视图，
图4示出根据一个实施例的风能设备转子叶片的一部分的示意性的剖视图，
图5示出在转子叶片制造期间根据一个实施例的风能设备转子叶片的示意性的剖视图，以及
图6示出根据本发明的一个方面的用于风能设备转子叶片的泡沫插入物的立体剖视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出根据本发明的风能设备的示意图。图1示出具有塔102和吊舱104的风能设备100。具有三个转子叶片200和一个导流罩110的转子106设置在吊舱104上。转子106在运行时通过风进入旋转运动从而驱动在吊舱104中的发电机。
风能设备转子叶片200通常由两个半壳形成，其中一个半壳表示压力侧而另一个半壳表示吸力侧。此外，根据本发明的风能设备转子叶片具有平背翼型，即转子叶片后缘至少部分直地构成。
图2示出了根据本发明的一个方面的风能设备转子叶片的示意性的剖视图。转子叶片200在此具有平背翼型210，即削平的后缘。
图3示出根据第一实施例的风能设备转子叶片的示意性的剖视图。特别地，在图3中示出转子叶片的端缘或者说平背210。在图3中环绕地示出插入件。然而，受制造方法所决定，插入件也能够分开地构成。在图3中，还示出插入件220(例如，端缘插入件)、层压板层230以及预成型件240。替选于预成型件，也能够一起引入紧固部件(注入和回火)。
插入件220能够由不同的材料，例如巴尔沙木、PET、PVC或PU泡沫制造。
图4示出根据本发明的另一实施例的风能设备转子叶片200的一部分的示意性剖视图。在插入件220上方或在其处能够设有覆盖层221。插入件220的内侧220b弯曲地设计。外层压板能够紧随插入件。然后能够铺设预成型件260。此后能够芯材料250能够紧随并且最后内层压板230能够紧贴。
插入件220通常是预制的并且在其第一侧220a上具有平坦的端部，所述端部于是构成或确定或成形为转子叶片200的平背翼型。在其第二侧220b上，泡沫插入物220具有弯曲的轮廓，所述弯曲的轮廓设计为，使得纤维垫(织物或布)能够基本上纤维相适地置入。所使用的泡沫例如能够是PET泡沫。泡沫插入件220能够被铣削成正确的形状。替选于此，也能够实现替选的制造方法，例如发泡的几何形状或逐层的构造。
图5示出在制造转子叶片期间根据本发明的一个方面的风能设备转子叶片的示意性剖视图。为了制造转子叶片200，将泡沫插入物220放置到模具300中，然后能够可选地放置外层压板、预成型件260，芯材料250和内层压板230。然后例如借助于真空辅助传递模塑VATM制造壳。这是有利的，因为由此能够补偿在插入件220中的公差或不精确性。在制造转子叶片的期间，覆盖层221能够可选地设置到插入件220之上，所述覆盖层于是能够至少在平背210的区域中表示转子叶片200的外表面。
根据本发明，在转子叶片的正常制造工艺期间一起并入插入件，使得后续不必将附加的单独部件安装到转子叶片上。
图6示出根据本发明的一个方面的用于风能设备转子叶片的插入件220的立体剖视图。插入件220具有外侧220a和内侧220b。外侧220a优选光滑或平坦地设计，而内侧弯曲地设计，以便由此能够实现纤维垫的纤维相适的铺设。

Claims (6)

1.一种风能设备转子叶片(200)，
具有平背后缘(210)，其中所述平背后缘(210)具有至少一个插入件(220)，所述插入件具有平坦的外侧(220a)和弯曲的内侧(220b)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的风能设备转子叶片(200)，
其中所述插入件(220)的弯曲的内侧(220b)设计为，使得实现纤维织物的纤维相适的铺设。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的风能设备转子叶片(200)，
其中所述插入件(220)是泡沫插入件、由巴尔沙木制成的插入件或由PET、PVC或PU制成的插入件。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的风能设备转子叶片(200)，
其中在制造期间，预成型件(260)或外层压板放置在所述插入件(220)的内侧(220b)上，
其中，芯材料(250)和内层压板(230)放置在所述预成型件(260)或所述外层压板上。
5.一种风能设备，具有至少一个根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的风能设备转子叶片。
6.一种用于制造尤其根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的风能设备转子叶片(200)的方法，其中所述转子叶片具有平背翼型(210)，所述方法具有以下步骤：
将至少一个插入件(220)放置到用于制造所述风能设备转子叶片(200)的模具中，
其中所述至少一个插件(220)具有平坦的外侧(220a)和弯曲的内侧(220b)，
将预成型件(260)或外层压板放置到所述插入件(220)的弯曲的内侧(220b)上，
将芯材料(250)和内层压板(230)放置在所述预成型件(260)或所述外层压板上，以及
执行真空注入法以制造用于所述风能设备转子叶片(200)的半壳。
CN201980054717.5A 2018-08-21 2019-08-20 风能设备转子叶片 Pending CN112585349A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018120264.4 2018-08-21
DE102018120264.4A DE102018120264A1 (de) 2018-08-21 2018-08-21 Windenergieanlagen-Rotorblatt
PCT/EP2019/072221 WO2020038916A1 (de) 2018-08-21 2019-08-20 Windenergieanlagen-rotorblatt

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DE102018120264A1 (de) 2020-02-27
WO2020038916A1 (de) 2020-02-27

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