CN112584432A - Multi-user high-speed satellite laser communication supporting method and air interface protocol - Google Patents
Multi-user high-speed satellite laser communication supporting method and air interface protocol Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for supporting multi-user high-speed satellite laser communication and an air interface protocol used by the method, wherein the air interface protocol is provided with functional areas such as a destination address, a source address, channel multiplexing, frame counting, the information real length of an effective information field and the like in a frame header, the analysis, reconstruction and multiplexing of different user service data can be realized through a laser link data flow, and meanwhile, the unification and expansion of the satellite laser communication protocol are facilitated. Compared with the traditional single-user PTP transmission protocol system, the design of the protocol system can ensure high-speed data transmission and maximize the number of users, so that the high-data-rate laser communication requirements of a large number of relay users and ground users are met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of satellite laser communication, in particular to a method for supporting multi-user high-speed satellite laser communication and an air interface protocol used by the method.
Background
With the explosive increase of the number of high, medium and low orbit spacecraft and ground important users, the demands of users on data transmission rate and information capacity are on an order of magnitude rising trend. Today, space satellite communication by adopting laser is the best scheme for realizing high code rate communication, wherein space satellites are increasingly crowded and frequency resources are increasingly exhausted. For example, an invention patent application published by the national intellectual property office in 2018, 2, 16 and discloses an aviation laser communication system and a communication method thereof, which realize bidirectional communication of an airplane to a satellite and the satellite to the ground through laser communication, establish real-time network interconnection between the interior of an aviation cabin and the ground, realize interconnection network connection between the aviation cabin and the ground and meet the requirement of mass data transmission of civil aviation airliners.
At present, a relay satellite laser communication system only supports a single-user Point-to-Point (PTP) transmission protocol system, for example, an invention patent application disclosed by the national intellectual property office 2018, 9, 21 and a satellite communication system based on a laser communication terminal is disclosed, and an intra-industry unified standard is not formed yet.
In the face of hundreds of thousands or even more important spacecraft and ground users in the future, the respective single-user PTP transmission protocol systems cannot meet the requirements of satellite laser communication systems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the conventional satellite laser communication system does not support multi-user high-speed communication, the invention provides a method for supporting multi-user high-speed satellite laser communication and an air interface protocol used by the method.
The invention protects a method for supporting multi-user high-speed satellite laser communication, a laser link between two network nodes is established by the laser communication terminal equipped with the laser communication terminal, each laser communication terminal has both transmitting and receiving functions, the system distinguishes the data service type transmitted by the laser link according to a frame header, different service types adopt different data processing flows, and for the data of which the service type is not clear, the system defaults to treat the data as bit stream data;
the transmitting end data stream processing of the laser link comprises the following steps:
step A1, a laser communication terminal of a network node W1 extracts information with specific byte length from data to be transmitted each time as an effective information field, inserts null frames or fills invalid information bits when the information is insufficient, and simultaneously marks the lengths of the null frames or the effective information bits;
step A2, filling a frame header and a frame tail on the basis of the effective information domain to form an effective data area;
step A3, performing LDPC channel coding on the effective data area, and adding a channel monitoring domain filled with LDPC coding and an LDPC error correction domain to form a preliminary data frame;
step A4, scrambling the preliminary data frame;
step A5, adding a synchronization head to the scrambled preliminary data frame to form a complete data frame;
step A6, carrying out differential coding and modulation on the complete data frame, and then transmitting the complete data frame to the outside through a laser communication terminal, wherein the differential coding is a selectable item, and whether the differential coding is carried out is determined by a laser communication terminal receiving system of a network node W2;
the receiving end data stream processing of the laser link comprises the following steps:
step B1, the laser communication terminal of another network node W2 receives the data stream transmitted by the laser communication terminal of the network node W1 and demodulates the data stream;
step B2, carrying out frame synchronization on the demodulated data stream, namely identifying the synchronization head of the complete data frame, and extracting a preliminary data frame;
step B3, descrambling the preliminary data frame;
step B4, carrying out LDPC channel decoding and error correction on the descrambled preliminary data frame;
step B5, identifying and extracting the effective data area, and sending the effective data area to the data processing unit;
if the network node W2 is a relay network node, the data processed by the data processing unit is sent to the next hop network node or the destination terminal via the laser communication terminal.
Further, the frame header at least includes a protocol version number, a destination address, a source address, a virtual channel number, a virtual channel frame count, an information real length of a valid information field, and a service type, where the virtual channel number is used to identify a virtual channel to which the transmission frame belongs under the limitation of the source address identifier, the virtual channel frame count is used to sequentially number the transmission frames generated on each virtual channel, the information real length of the valid information field is used to identify a valid information bit length of the transmission frame, and data outside the length range is filled invalid information bits.
Further, the laser communication terminal is at least internally provided with 2 buffer areas of complete data frames, the buffer areas are initialized to be completely filled with 0x5A, and the tail of effective data is marked; the laser communication terminal extracts information from the cache region bit by bit at regular time as an effective information domain, and simultaneously counts the effective data length;
if the effective data length of the effective information field is 0, filling the virtual channel number to 0xFF, filling the virtual channel frame count to 0x00, and filling all the data fields to 0x 5A;
if the bit stream service effective information field has effective data, filling the virtual channel number to be 0x00, filling the information real length of the effective information field to be the statistical effective data length, accumulating the virtual channel frame count from 0 to 0xFFFF, and then accumulating from 0;
if the effective information fields of other service types have effective data, virtual channel numbers are distributed according to the difference of specific service data, the information real length of the effective information fields is filled as the statistical effective data length, the virtual channel frame count is accumulated from 0, and after the virtual channel frame count is accumulated to 0xFFFF, the virtual channel frame count is accumulated from 0.
Further, the trailer comprises at least an operation control field for providing a standardized mechanism for reporting a small number of real-time functions and an error control field for detecting errors that may have been introduced into the transmission frame during transmission or data processing.
The invention also protects an air interface protocol used by the method for supporting multi-user high-speed satellite laser communication, wherein the frame structure comprises a synchronous word, a frame header for providing protocol control information, a fixed-length data field carrying service information, a frame tail for transmission frame verification, a channel monitoring field and a channel coding error correction field; the synchronization word is used to implement delimitation, frame synchronization and code synchronization of the transmission frame.
The invention provides a method for supporting multi-user high-speed satellite laser communication and an air interface protocol used by the method, wherein the air interface protocol is provided with functional areas such as a destination address, a source address, channel multiplexing, frame counting, the information real length of an effective information domain and the like in a frame header, the analysis, reconstruction and multiplexing of different user service data can be realized through a laser link data flow, and the unification and expansion of a satellite laser communication protocol are facilitated. Compared with the traditional single-user PTP transmission protocol system, the design of the protocol system can ensure high-speed data transmission and maximize the number of users, so that the high-data-rate laser communication requirements of a large number of relay users and ground users are met.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a transmission frame structure of a satellite laser communication air interface protocol according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a data flow processing flow of a transmitting end and a receiving end of a laser link;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of data interaction between a laser terminal and a switch router.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Example 1
The bit stream service is one of six basic services of the spatial link sub-network for transmitting a user-defined unstructured, code-bit oriented, non-fixed length serial bit stream, the internal structure and boundaries of which are unknown or secret to the data transmission system. The transmission of the bit stream data is ordered, either synchronously or asynchronously. Isochronous transmissions are transmitted from one traffic interface to another with a fixed maximum delay. The high speed video data may employ synchronous bitstream traffic. Different bitstream data cannot be multiplexed within the same virtual channel, i.e. one virtual channel can only be used for one bitstream data source.
In order to support multi-user high-speed satellite laser communication, the invention provides a satellite laser communication air interface protocol, as shown in fig. 1, a transmission frame structure comprises a synchronization word, a frame header providing protocol control information, a fixed-length data field carrying service information, a frame tail for transmission frame verification, a channel monitoring field and a channel coding error correction field. Each component regarding the frame structure is described in detail below.
1. A 4-byte sync word, which may be represented, for example, in hexadecimal notation as 0x1ACFFC1D, is used to achieve delimitation of the transmission frame, frame synchronization, and code synchronization.
2. A 66-byte header comprising a protocol version number of 1 byte, a destination address of 2 bytes, a source address of 2 bytes, a virtual channel number of 1 byte, a virtual channel frame count of 4 bytes, an information real length of a valid information field of 2 bytes, a traffic type of 1 byte, an insert field of 1 byte, and a reserved field of 38 bytes.
The protocol version number is used for distinguishing protocol versions.
And the destination address is used for representing a user finally receiving the transmission frame.
And the source address is used for indicating the user which initially sends the transmission frame.
And a virtual channel number (VCID) for identifying a virtual channel to which the transmission frame belongs under the limitation of the source address identifier.
When the VCID is 0x00, it indicates that only one virtual channel is used; when the VCID is 0xFF, it indicates that the virtual channel carries the oid (only Idle data) transport frame.
The frame count of the virtual channel is used for sequentially numbering the transmission frames generated on each virtual channel (including the transmission frames with padding).
Sixthly, the information real length of the effective information field is used for identifying the effective information bit length of the transmission frame, and data outside the length range is filled invalid information bits.
Type of traffic-quieting, for distinguishing between different types of traffic, such as IP traffic, bit stream traffic, etc.
And an insertion field, which is reserved for future communication measurement integration and contains contents such as week count, second in week, frame count in second and the like, and is filled with 0x00 by default;
the self-checking remaining domain is reserved for other extended functions such as future network management and control, and contains label definition, DCN, OAM overhead and the like, and is filled with 0x00 by default.
3. An 820 byte length data field for carrying user data.
4. A6 byte trailer comprising a4 byte operation control field and a2 byte error control field.
The operation control domain provides a standardized mechanism for reporting a small number of real-time functions, such as retransmission control, spacecraft clock calibration, and the like. The 1 st byte is a terminal state mark, and the forward link has no mark; the 2 nd byte is a link state identifier; bytes 3 and 4 are reserved for future use and are filled with 0x00 by default.
And the second part is provided with an error control domain for detecting errors which can be introduced into a transmission frame in the transmission or data processing process. Detection of errors in a transmission frame by using a CRC (n, n-16) with a code generator polynomial of x16+x12+x5+1。
5. A 2-bit channel monitoring field for monitoring the channel status, and 0b00 is padded by default.
6. The 1022-bit channel coding error correction domain is used for correcting errors introduced by channel transmission, and adopts CCSDS protocol cluster (8160, 7136) LDPC coding.
The invention provides an air interface protocol supporting multi-user high-speed satellite laser communication, wherein functional areas such as a destination address, a source address, channel multiplexing, frame counting, the actual length of information of an effective information field and the like are arranged in a frame header, the analysis, reconstruction and multiplexing of different user service data can be realized through a laser link data flow, and the unification and expansion of a satellite laser communication protocol are facilitated. Compared with the traditional single-user PTP transmission protocol system, the design of the protocol system can ensure high-speed data transmission and maximize the number of users, so that the high-data-rate laser communication requirements of a large number of relay users and ground users are met.
Example 2
The laser link between two network nodes is established by the laser communication terminals, each laser communication terminal has the transmitting and receiving functions, and the system processes the data transmitted by the laser link as bit stream data;
the transmitting end data stream processing of the laser link comprises the following steps:
a1, the laser communication terminal of a network node W1 extracts 820 bytes of information from the data to be sent each time as an effective information field, inserts null frames or fills invalid information bits when the information is insufficient, and simultaneously marks the lengths of the null frames or the effective information bits;
step A2, filling a 66-byte frame header and a 6-byte frame tail on the basis of the effective information domain to form an 872-byte effective data area;
step A3, performing LDPC channel coding on the effective data area, and adding a 2-bit channel monitoring domain filled by the LDPC coding and an LDPC error correction domain of 1022 bits to form a preliminary data frame of 1020 bytes;
step a4, scrambling the preliminary data frame to generate sufficient bit transition density for frame capture and decoding synchronization.
The primitive polynomial of the scrambling is 1+ x14+x15The initial state of the register is 000000010101001 (high order first) and the first 40 bits of the corresponding scrambling sequence are 0000001111110110000010000011010000110000. The data frames are scrambled except the synchronous head, each frame of data frame is scrambled from the 1 st bit behind the synchronous head, and the initial state of the register is reset to the initial state.
Step A5, adding 4 bytes of synchronous head (0x1ACFFC1D) to the scrambled preliminary data frame to form 1024 bytes of complete data frame;
step A6, carrying out differential coding and modulation on the complete data frame, and then transmitting the complete data frame to the outside through a laser communication terminal, wherein the differential coding is a selectable item, and whether the differential coding is carried out is determined by a laser communication terminal receiving system of a network node W2;
the receiving end data stream processing of the laser link comprises the following steps:
step B1, the laser communication terminal of another network node W2 receives the data stream transmitted by the laser communication terminal of the network node W1 and demodulates the data stream;
step B2, frame synchronization is carried out to the demodulated data stream, namely, the synchronization head (0x1ACFFC1D) of the complete data frame is identified, and a preliminary data frame is extracted;
step B3, descrambling the preliminary data frame;
step B4, carrying out LDPC channel decoding and error correction on the descrambled preliminary data frame;
step B5, according to the frame structure definition, identifying and extracting the effective data area, and then sending it to the data processing unit;
when the network node W2 is a relay network node, the data processed by the data processing unit is transmitted to the next hop network node or the destination terminal via the laser communication terminal, as shown in fig. 2.
The laser communication rate is fixed in one task, the rate matching between a laser communication terminal (hollow end) and a port (exchange routing end) for data exchange is carried out by the laser communication terminal, the specific matching strategy is that the inside of the laser communication terminal is at least provided with 2 buffer areas with effective information domain length, the initialization of the buffer areas is completely filled to be 0x5A, and the tail part of effective data is marked; the laser communication terminal extracts information from the buffer area bit by bit at regular time as an effective information field, and simultaneously counts the effective data length.
If the effective data length of the effective information field is 0, filling the virtual channel number to 0xFF, filling the virtual channel frame count to 0x00, and filling all the data fields to 0x 5A;
if the bit stream service effective information field has effective data, filling the virtual channel number to be 0x00, filling the information real length of the effective information field to be the statistical effective data length, accumulating the virtual channel frame count from 0 to 0xFFFF, and then accumulating from 0;
if the effective information fields of other service types have effective data, virtual channel numbers are distributed according to the difference of specific service data, the information real length of the effective information fields is filled as the statistical effective data length, the virtual channel frame count is accumulated from 0, and after the virtual channel frame count is accumulated to 0xFFFF, the virtual channel frame count is accumulated from 0.
It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art and related arts based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A laser communication method supporting multi-user high-speed satellite is characterized in that a laser link between two network nodes is established through a laser communication terminal equipped with the laser communication terminal, each laser communication terminal has both transmitting and receiving functions, a system distinguishes data service types transmitted by the laser link according to frame headers, different data processing flows are adopted for different service types, and data of undetermined service types are treated as bit stream data by default;
the transmitting end data stream processing of the laser link comprises the following steps:
step A1, a laser communication terminal of a network node W1 extracts information with specific byte length from data to be transmitted each time as an effective information field, inserts null frames or fills invalid information bits when the information is insufficient, and simultaneously marks the lengths of the null frames or the effective information bits;
step A2, filling a frame header and a frame tail on the basis of an effective information domain to form an effective data area, wherein the frame header at least comprises a protocol version number, a destination address, a source address, a virtual channel number, a virtual channel frame count, an information real length of the effective information domain and a service type, wherein the virtual channel number is used for identifying a virtual channel to which a transmission frame belongs under the limitation of the source address identifier, the virtual channel frame count is used for sequentially numbering transmission frames generated on each virtual channel, the information real length of the effective information domain is used for identifying the effective information bit length of the transmission frame, and data outside the length range is filled invalid information bits;
step A3, performing LDPC channel coding on the effective data area, and adding a channel monitoring domain filled with LDPC coding and an LDPC error correction domain to form a preliminary data frame;
step A4, scrambling the preliminary data frame;
step A5, adding a synchronization head to the scrambled preliminary data frame to form a complete data frame;
step A6, carrying out differential coding and modulation on the complete data frame, and then transmitting the complete data frame to the outside through a laser communication terminal, wherein the differential coding is a selectable item, and whether the differential coding is carried out is determined by a laser communication terminal receiving system of a network node W2;
the receiving end data stream processing of the laser link comprises the following steps:
step B1, the laser communication terminal of another network node W2 receives the data stream transmitted by the laser communication terminal of the network node W1 and demodulates the data stream;
step B2, carrying out frame synchronization on the demodulated data stream, namely identifying the synchronization head of the complete data frame, and extracting a preliminary data frame;
step B3, descrambling the preliminary data frame;
step B4, carrying out LDPC channel decoding and error correction on the descrambled preliminary data frame;
step B5, identifying and extracting the effective data area, and sending the effective data area to the data processing unit;
if the network node W2 is a relay network node, the data processed by the data processing unit is sent to the next hop network node or the destination terminal via the laser communication terminal.
2. The method for supporting multi-user high-speed satellite laser communication according to claim 1, wherein the laser communication terminal has at least 2 buffers for complete data frames inside, the buffers are initialized to be completely filled with 0x5A, and the tail of valid data is marked; the laser communication terminal extracts information from the cache region bit by bit at regular time as an effective information domain, and simultaneously counts the effective data length;
if the effective data length of the effective information field is 0, filling the virtual channel number to 0xFF, filling the virtual channel frame count to 0x00, and filling all the data fields to 0x 5A;
if the bit stream service effective information field has effective data, filling the virtual channel number to be 0x00, filling the information real length of the effective information field to be the statistical effective data length, accumulating the virtual channel frame count from 0 to 0xFFFF, and then accumulating from 0;
if the effective information fields of other service types have effective data, virtual channel numbers are distributed according to the difference of specific service data, the information real length of the effective information fields is filled as the statistical effective data length, the virtual channel frame count is accumulated from 0, and after the virtual channel frame count is accumulated to 0xFFFF, the virtual channel frame count is accumulated from 0.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein the trailer comprises at least an operation control field for providing a standardized mechanism for reporting a small number of real-time functions and an error control field for detecting errors that may have been introduced into a transmitted frame during transmission or data processing.
4. An air interface protocol used by the method for supporting multi-user high-speed satellite laser communication according to claim 3, wherein the frame structure comprises a synchronization word, a frame header for providing protocol control information, a fixed length data field for carrying service information, a frame tail for transmission frame verification, a channel monitoring field and a channel coding error correction field; the synchronization word is used to implement delimitation, frame synchronization and code synchronization of the transmission frame.
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