CN112584185A - Mpeg-dash的一种提高实时性的处理方法 - Google Patents

Mpeg-dash的一种提高实时性的处理方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112584185A
CN112584185A CN202011357480.9A CN202011357480A CN112584185A CN 112584185 A CN112584185 A CN 112584185A CN 202011357480 A CN202011357480 A CN 202011357480A CN 112584185 A CN112584185 A CN 112584185A
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mpeg
dash
file
processing method
time performance
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周志建
沈修平
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SHANGHAI ULUCU ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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SHANGHAI ULUCU ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/21—Server components or server architectures
    • H04N21/218—Source of audio or video content, e.g. local disk arrays
    • H04N21/2187—Live feed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/231—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
    • H04N21/266—Channel or content management, e.g. generation and management of keys and entitlement messages in a conditional access system, merging a VOD unicast channel into a multicast channel
    • H04N21/2662—Controlling the complexity of the video stream, e.g. by scaling the resolution or bitrate of the video stream based on the client capabilities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
    • H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
    • H04N21/845—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
    • H04N21/8456—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments by decomposing the content in the time domain, e.g. in time segments

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
  • Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了MPEG‑DASH的一种提高实时性的处理方法，其特征在于，在服务器端生成多路码率，并创建对应的playlist，播放端根据网络带宽选择对应编码码率的playlist。采用本发明解决MPEG‑DASH服务的实时性问题，可降低采用MPEG‑DASH协议的直播延迟，最低延迟可以达到1秒左右。

Description

MPEG-DASH的一种提高实时性的处理方法
技术领域
本发明属于MPEG-DASH的一种提高实时性的优化处理方式，涉及到基于 MPEG-DASH协议的弱网环境下客户端动态码率自适应方法。
背景技术
DASH：Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP，是一种在互联网上传送动态码率的Video Streaming技术，类似苹果的HLS，通过media presentation description(MPD)将视频内容切片成很短的文件片段，每个切片都有多个不同的码率，DASH Client可以根据网络的情况选择一个码率进行播放，支持在不同码率之间无缝切换。其切换方式如图1所示。该协议优点是解决了播放端的码率自适应。其缺点是，延迟极大，根据play-list分片数量，延迟达到20秒到 30秒以上。目前dvb-dash提出了在生成第一个分片时，创建整个play-list，可以将延迟降低到一个分片的时长加网络延迟，根据正常分片时间为一个关键帧的group，大约可以降低到4秒左右(再加网络延迟)。但是该方式仍然无法解决某些低延迟需求(2秒以内)的直播场景。
发明内容
本发明目的在于克服上述现有技术的不足，解决MPEG-DASH协议为基础的流媒体直播系统的延迟过大的问题。针对现有技术的分析，其延迟较大的关键在于，生成playlist内的文件(或者其中的第一个分片文件)，才生成playlist，从而带来的较大的延迟。
本发明为了解决这一问题，提出了MPEG-DASH的一种提高实时性的处理方法，是服务器端生成多路码率，并创建对应的playlist，播放端根据网络带宽选择对应编码码率的playlist。
本发明进一步降低延迟的方法是，当接收到采集端上传的第一帧数据时，就生成playlist，启动MPEG-DASH服务。
进一步的，当转编码为多路码率时，其生成的文件为内存文件，同时提供编码模块写文件，和发送模块(即转发给客户端的模块)同时对文件进行读写。
进一步的，其编码采用固定码率方式，正常的固定编码方式，其编码文件大小误差不超过5％。
以360P，编码码率为512kbps为例，单个分片文件为4秒，当写入第一帧 (关键帧)数据时，创建一个2Mb+102.4kb大小内存文件，编码模块逐帧写入数据，发送模块根据编码模块写入速度(不超过编码写入速度)，逐帧读取数据提供MPEG-DASH服务。
当严格控制编码码率时，其4秒内生成的编码数据不会超过提前生成的文件大小，当生成的编码数据小于文件大小时，采用冗余数据补齐文件，而播放端收到冗余数据时，会自动跳过，不影响视音频数据的解码播放。
技术效果：
采用本发明可降低采用MPEG-DASH协议的直播延迟，最低延迟可以达到1 秒左右。
附图说明
图1是现有技术中不同码率之间无缝切换的方法示意图。
图2是本发明MPEG-DASH提高实时性处理方法的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
实施例1
如图2所示，MPEG-DASH服务器使用内存文件的方式生成分片文件，当生成分片文件的第一帧数据时，根据固定编码码率，生成内存文件大小(比固定编码码率对应的文件大小稍大，从而保证不会超过文件大小)，启动该路直播的 MPEG-DASH服务。
MPEG-DASH服务提供的playlist中分片文件为该内存文件。
编码模块和发送模块(转发给客户端的模块)同时对文件进行读写。
编码模块每生成一帧数据，即通知发送模块，该帧可读取，从而保证发送模块不会比编码模块更快。
当一个分片文件时间段结束时，内存文件未写满，写入冗余数据到内存文件中，该冗余数据不影响播放端的播放。
以360P，编码码率为512kbps为例，单个分片文件为4秒，当写入第一帧 (关键帧)数据时，创建一个2Mb+102.4kb大小内存文件，编码模块逐帧写入数据，发送模块根据编码模块写入速度(不超过编码写入速度)，逐帧读取数据提供MPEG-DASH服务。
当严格控制编码码率时，其4秒内生成的编码数据不会超过提前生成的文件大小，当生成的编码数据小于文件大小时，采用冗余数据补齐文件，而播放端收到冗余数据时，会自动跳过，不影响视音频数据的解码播放。
本发明使用内存文件方式，编码一帧即可提供MPEG-DASH服务的方式，解决 MPEG-DASH服务的实时性问题。

Claims (5)

1.MPEG-DASH的一种提高实时性的处理方法，其特征在于，在服务器端生成多路码率，并创建对应的playlist，播放端根据网络带宽选择对应编码码率的playlist。
2.根据权利要求1所述的MPEG-DASH的一种提高实时性的处理方法，其特征在于，当接收到采集端上传的第一帧数据时，就生成playlist，启动MPEG-DASH服务。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的MPEG-DASH的一种提高实时性的处理方法，其特征在于，当转编码为多路码率时，其生成的文件为内存文件，同时提供编码模块写文件，和转发给客户端的发送模块同时对文件进行读写。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的MPEG-DASH的一种提高实时性的处理方法，其特征在于，当一个分片文件时间段结束时，内存文件未写满，写入冗余数据到内存文件中，该冗余数据不影响播放端的播放。
5.根据权利要求3所述的MPEG-DASH的一种提高实时性的处理方法，其特征在于，其编码采用固定码率方式。
CN202011357480.9A 2020-11-26 2020-11-26 Mpeg-dash的一种提高实时性的处理方法 Pending CN112584185A (zh)

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