CN112580229B - Method for establishing high-fidelity human inner ear finite element model - Google Patents

Method for establishing high-fidelity human inner ear finite element model Download PDF

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CN112580229B
CN112580229B CN202011153759.5A CN202011153759A CN112580229B CN 112580229 B CN112580229 B CN 112580229B CN 202011153759 A CN202011153759 A CN 202011153759A CN 112580229 B CN112580229 B CN 112580229B
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周雷
黄新生
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Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University
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Abstract

The invention provides a method for establishing a finite element model of a human inner ear with high fidelity, which is used for constructing a mechanical model of the whole inner ear, which is provided with semicircular canals, vestibules and cochlear structure units and comprises bone labyrinth and membrane labyrinth inner structure components. The model established by the invention is based on the real inner ear micro CT, and has real, complete and comprehensive structure; the calculation result is verified, and the effectiveness of the model is determined; can be coupled with a temporal bone model, and further expands the application range of the model.

Description

Method for establishing high-fidelity human inner ear finite element model
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for establishing an inner ear model.
Background
Most of the existing inner ear models are of straight model structures or spiral model structures. The straight model structure does not correspond to the actual human ear structure. The spiral model structure only has a cochlea structure, and the vestibule is simplified into a simple geometric structure. Still other inner ear models contain the true contours of the entire inner ear, but do not have a perfect vestibular or intracochlear membrane labyrinth structure. Because the model structure of the existing inner ear model is imperfect, if the model structure is used for exploring the mechanical mechanism of the whole fluid of the inner ear, the model structure has great defects and is difficult to explore the detailed fluid mechanical mechanism of the inner ear.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: the method comprises the steps of obtaining fine structures of an inner ear bone labyrinth and a membrane labyrinth, reducing topological connection between the structures, obtaining a three-dimensional finite element model which can be used for researching a fluid mechanics mechanism of an inner ear, and making up the current situation that the current inner ear model is insufficient. .
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is to provide a method for establishing a high fidelity finite element model of a human inner ear, which is used for constructing a mechanical model of a whole inner ear having semicircular canals, vestibules and cochlear structural units and including labyrinthine and membranaceous inner structural components, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, scanning a temporal bone specimen containing an inner ear structure to obtain a sectional image;
step 2, reconstructing an inner ear geometric structure in Mimics software based on the tomographic image obtained in the step 1, and respectively exporting different structures in the inner ear geometric structure by a triangular patch three-dimensional model in stl format;
step 3, opening the stl-format triangular patch three-dimensional model obtained in the step 2 by using Geomagic software, repairing the model according to the principle of continuity of the structure geometry, reconstructing a missing structure according to the geometric relationship of the structure, and carding the topological relationship among the structures; according to the continuous slicing of the human auriculotemporal bone specimen, the precise geometric position of the sacculus spots in the sacculus is established, and a geometric model of the sacculus spots is established according to the geometric dimension of each structure of the otolith in the sacculus spots; then each part of the model is independently exported into a geometric model in the iges format;
step 4, opening the geometric model of the iges format generated in the previous step by using finite element pretreatment software Hypermesh, and carrying out geometric assembly to obtain an inner ear finite element model; coupling the inner ear finite element model with the outer ear model and the middle ear model which are established in the past to generate a whole ear model;
step 5, carrying out further division of a topological structure, grid division, setting of boundary conditions and giving of material attributes aiming at the whole ear model, wherein a basement membrane is established according to anatomical data on the basis of the whole ear model obtained in the step 4, the basement membrane is divided into 32 sections, and different sections adopt different material parameters so as to simulate the real material attributes of the inner ear basement membrane;
step 6, setting Tie connection between inner ear fluid and the whole ear model structure obtained in the step 5 in Abaqus software, carrying out sound-solid coupling analysis between the inner ear structure and the fluid, and verifying the effectiveness of the whole ear model obtained in the step 5;
and 7, adopting Abaqus software to set fluid-solid coupling boundary conditions of the whole ear model obtained in the step 5, wherein lymph is simulated into a slightly compressible Newtonian fluid, calculating the fluid and the solid structure by adopting a bidirectional fluid-solid coupling mode of a step method, and finally carrying out finite element analysis.
Preferably, in step 1, the micro CT is used for scanning, and the obtained tomographic image is in a high-definition DICOM format.
Preferably, in step 2, different structures in the inner ear geometry are divided and reconstructed with different masks.
Preferably, in step 7, the calculation of the bidirectional fluid-solid coupling between the fluid and the solid structure by the step method specifically includes the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly analyzing fluid by taking an inner ear solid structure as a boundary condition, then acting the pressure after fluid analysis on the inner ear solid structure, then taking the deformation of the inner ear solid structure after stress as the boundary of the fluid, and sequentially carrying out iterative computation.
The invention has the following advantages: 1) The model is based on the real inner ear micro CT, and the structure is real, complete and comprehensive; 2) The calculation result is verified, and the effectiveness of the model is determined; 3) Can be coupled with a temporal bone model, and further expands the application range of the model.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a finite element model of the inner ear connected to the structure of the outer ear canal and the middle ear;
fig. 2 is a finite element model of the inner ear using transparentization for the bony labyrinth.
In the figure: 1-rear semicircular canal; 2-upper semicircular canal; 3-middle ear; 4-incus; 5-outer semicircular canal; 6-external auditory canal; 7-inner ear; 8-hammer bone; 9-stapes; 10-a balloon; 11-helical ligament; 12-the external auditory canal; 13-the cochleoventricular scala; 14-crest of cristae; 15-an elliptical sac; 16-middle order; 17-ampullate cristae; 18-horizontal semicircular canal; 19-ampulla.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
At present, the numerical models related to the inner ear are mostly single cochlea or partial models of the semicircular canal and the elliptical sac. There is also a reported inner ear model, which contains inner ear fluid in the bony labyrinth, but has no membrane labyrinth structure, so that the interaction between the inner and outer lymph fluid and the membrane labyrinth is difficult to analyze. The semicircular canal of the inner ear is integrated through the vestibule and the cochlea, and if the membranous labyrinth is studied independently and the action of perilymph fluid is ignored, the mechanical effect that the acoustic excitation passes through the stapes and is transmitted to the receptor of the inner ear through the perilymph fluid is difficult to study. Therefore, a total inner ear mechanics model with semicircular canal, vestibular and cochlear structural units, and containing bony labyrinth and membrane labyrinth inner structural components is essential for studying the fluid mechanics mechanism of the inner ear.
The method for establishing the finite element model of the human inner ear comprises the following steps:
step 1, scanning a temporal bone specimen containing an inner ear structure by using micro CT to obtain a tomographic image of the inner ear in a high-definition DICOM format.
And 2, reconstructing the geometric structure of the inner ear in the Mimics software based on the tomograms obtained in the step 1. Different structures in the inner ear geometric structure are divided and reconstructed by different masks and are respectively derived by a triangular patch three-dimensional model in an stl format.
And 3, opening the model in stl format obtained in the step 2 by using Geomagic software, and repairing the error and unreasonable places of the model according to the principle of continuity on the structure geometry. And reconstructing missing structures according to the geometric relationship of the structures, and combing the topological relationship among the important structures. And (3) according to the continuous section of the human ear-temporal bone specimen, determining the precise geometric position of the sacculus spot in the sacculus, and according to the geometric dimensions of each structure of the otolith membrane in the sacculus spot, establishing a geometric model of the sacculus spot. The various parts of the model are then separately derived as a geometric model in the. Iges format.
And 4, opening the geometric model in the iges format generated in the previous step by using finite element pretreatment software Hypermesh, and carrying out geometric assembly to obtain the inner ear finite element model shown in the figures 1 and 2, wherein the model comprises an inner eardrum labyrinth and structures such as ampulla cristae, cristae crest, sacculus macula, elliptic sac macula, basilar membrane, vestibular nerve and the like in the inner eardrum labyrinth. The bone labyrinth in the finite element model of the inner ear shown in fig. 2 is treated with transparentization. And coupling the inner ear model with the previously established outer ear model and middle ear model to generate the whole ear model. And then carrying out further division of the topological structure, meshing, setting of boundary conditions and assignment of material properties on the integral ear model. The basilar membrane serving as an important structure in the cochlea is established according to anatomical data on the basis of a geometric model and is divided into 32 sections, and different material parameters are adopted in different sections to simulate the real material attribute of the basilar membrane of the inner ear.
And 5, setting Tie connection between the inner ear fluid and the structure in Abaqus software, carrying out sound-solid coupling analysis between the inner ear structure and the fluid, and verifying the effectiveness of the model obtained in the step 4.
And 6, adopting Abaqus software to set fluid-solid coupling boundary conditions of the model obtained in the step 4, wherein the lymph fluid is simulated into micro-compressible Newtonian fluid without considering the influence of gravity. The fluid and the solid structure are calculated in a bidirectional fluid-solid coupling mode of a step method, namely, the inner ear solid structure is used as a boundary condition to analyze the fluid, the pressure after the fluid analysis is acted on the solid, the deformation after the solid is stressed is used as the boundary of the fluid, and the iterative calculation is carried out in sequence. And setting analysis steps, output and the like, and finally performing finite element analysis.
The model established through the steps is a three-dimensional model used in computer simulation, the main calculation software is Abaqus, necessary material parameters, boundary conditions and loads are set in Hypermesh preprocessing software, then the Abaqus software is opened, the working conditions such as the analysis steps and the like are further set, the calculation conditions are set, and then calculation and solution are carried out.
If the working conditions are to be changed, for example, simulation analysis under different experimental conditions is performed, the necessary structural or material parameters can be changed in Hypermesh or Abaqus, and then solution is performed. Thus, the experimental purpose is completed.

Claims (4)

1. A method for establishing a finite element model of a human inner ear with high fidelity is used for constructing a full inner ear mechanical model which is provided with semicircular canal, vestibule and cochlea structure units and comprises an osseous labyrinth and a membranous labyrinth inner structure component, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, scanning a temporal bone specimen containing an inner ear structure to obtain a sectional image;
step 2, reconstructing an inner ear geometric structure in Mimics software based on the tomogram obtained in the step 1, and respectively deriving different structures in the inner ear geometric structure by using a triangular patch three-dimensional model in stl format;
step 3, opening the stl-format triangular patch three-dimensional model obtained in the step 2 by using Geomagic software, repairing the model according to the principle of continuity of the structure geometry, reconstructing a missing structure according to the geometric relationship of the structure, and carding the topological relationship among the structures; according to the continuous slicing of the human ear-temporal bone specimen, the precise geometric position of the sacculus spot in the sacculus is established, and a geometric model of the sacculus spot is established according to the geometric dimensions of each structure of the otolith membrane in the sacculus spot; then each part of the model is independently exported to be a geometric model in the iges format;
step 4, opening the geometric model of the iges format generated in the previous step by using finite element pretreatment software Hypermesh, and carrying out geometric assembly to obtain an inner ear finite element model; coupling the inner ear finite element model with the outer ear model and the middle ear model which are established in the past to generate a whole ear model;
step 5, carrying out further division of a topological structure, grid division, setting of boundary conditions and giving of material attributes aiming at the whole ear model, wherein a basement membrane is established according to anatomical data on the basis of the whole ear model obtained in the step 4, the basement membrane is divided into 32 sections, and different sections adopt different material parameters so as to simulate the real material attributes of the inner ear basement membrane;
step 6, setting Tie connection between inner ear fluid and the whole ear model structure obtained in the step 5 in Abaqus software, carrying out sound-solid coupling analysis between the inner ear structure and the fluid, and verifying the effectiveness of the whole ear model obtained in the step 5;
and 7, adopting Abaqus software to set fluid-solid coupling boundary conditions of the whole ear model obtained in the step 5, wherein lymph is simulated into a slightly compressible Newtonian fluid, calculating the fluid and the solid structure by adopting a bidirectional fluid-solid coupling mode of a step method, and finally carrying out finite element analysis.
2. The method for creating a high fidelity finite element model of human inner ear as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 1, the micro CT is used for scanning, and the obtained tomographic image is in high definition DICOM format.
3. The method for creating a high fidelity finite element model of the human inner ear as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 2, different structures in the geometric structures of the inner ear are divided and reconstructed by using different masks.
4. The method for building a high-fidelity finite element model of the human inner ear as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 7 of calculating the bidirectional fluid-solid coupling between the fluid and the solid structure by a step method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly analyzing fluid by taking an inner ear solid structure as a boundary condition, then acting the pressure after fluid analysis on the inner ear solid structure, then taking the deformation of the inner ear solid structure after stress as the boundary of the fluid, and sequentially carrying out iterative computation.
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