CN112580118B - Method for batch bushing drawing to measure multiple section terrains - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for batch bushing painting to measure a plurality of section terrains for a plurality of times, which comprises the following steps in sequence: the first step is as follows: arranging the topographic data of a plurality of sections for a plurality of times and checking the reasonability; the second step is that: drawing horizontal and vertical coordinate system drawings and picture frames of all cross sections in batch; the third step: programming a program to generate SCR files of all sections in batch; the fourth step: and (5) rapidly drawing the cross sections in batches. The invention overcomes the defects that the prior method only draws the section of one measurement time, can not realize the nested drawing of a plurality of sections of multiple measurements times and can not form images in batches. The method has the advantages of rapidness, convenience, difficult error, easy modification and batch drawing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, and particularly relates to a method for batch drawing of multiple-survey multiple-section terrains.
Background
Since ancient times, humans grew their own water plants. In order to benefit and remove harm, human beings continuously renovate the river channel, and the history of river channel treatment is the history of the development of human society. In the river course treatment process, no matter flood control, river situation control and channel regulation are carried out, river course evolution rules need to be analyzed, and river course evolution trends need to be predicted, so that river course treatment engineering schemes are formulated according to the trends. The river course evolution analysis is based on actual measurement topography data, and the laws of river course erosion and deposition, mainstream swing, river bed deformation and the like are analyzed from the aspects of river course sections, planes, sections and the like, and the river course evolution analysis is a key foundation for river course treatment. The river channel section analysis is to draw the terrains of the same section for multiple times, so that the section form change, erosion and deposition change and the like can be visually and vividly analyzed.
At present, a commonly used method for drawing a section in an sleeving manner is to place all measured section topography of the same section in the same skin of EXCEL, add a plurality of data series (one measured section is a series) to perform section drawing in an sleeving manner, copy the section drawing out and paste the section drawing in word or AutoCAD, thereby completing drawing and plotting in an sleeving manner of one section, and then continuously repeating the above operations until drawing work of all sections is completed. This method is feasible if the number of measurements and sections is small. However, in practical engineering, the number of cross sections to be drawn in a sleeving manner is often large, for example, in the process of bank collapse treatment, in order to analyze erosion and deposition of a near-shore river bed and determine a bank protection range, generally, a terrain change of a near-shore cross section is drawn in a sleeving manner every 100-200m along the water flow direction, 100-200 cross sections are drawn in a sleeving manner for an analysis river reach about 20km, it is assumed that each cross section is calculated according to six measurement times, 600-1200 cross sections are drawn in a sleeving manner, if the cross sections are manually drawn in a sleeving manner one by using EXCEL, the workload is very large, the working efficiency is very low, errors are easy to occur, and if the cross sections need to be modified, for example, a measurement-time terrain is added, a data series needs to be added to all the cross sections in the EXCEL, and then the cross section diagrams are copied one by one or copied to the auto cad, and the modified workload is also very large.
Therefore, a plurality of professional workers such as water conservancy and traffic develop exploratory work. The measuring section is automatically drawn in CAD based on language programming programs such as VBA, C # and the like in the places of Buxuan, buyan army, chenbang, wangjiang and the like, the program for automatically drawing the section is developed based on neta in Tangxinzhuang, lidengfu and the like, the MATLAB software is used for drawing the section of a river channel in Sunxiaohui and the like, and the EXCEL is used for drawing the section in AutoCAD based on Denghu and the like. The methods greatly improve the working efficiency, but the methods only draw the section for one measurement, can not realize the sleeve drawing of a plurality of sections for multiple measurements, and can not form the images in batches. Therefore, a method which can batch-draw a plurality of section terrains for a plurality of times and is easy to modify and batch-draw is urgently needed to be found so as to improve the working efficiency.
Cited documents include: [1] the cattle is firstly brown; application of AUTOCAD VBA in river section drawing [ J ], chinese municipal engineering, 2015, (5): 82-88;
[2] subsidiary navy, liu hong Zhi, subsidiary sea bream; AUTOCAD secondary development and cross-sectional drawing [ J ], mapping and spatial geographic information, 2010, 33 (3): 120-123;
[3] chen mubang, yurt; application of EXCEL AUTOCAD VBA in drawing of embankment section diagram and calculating of engineering quantity [ J ], water conservancy in Henan and south-to-north water transfer, 2010 (11): 68-70;
[4] wangjiang, slowly brilliant and plum bright; application [ J ] of automatic river channel cross-sectional drawing software based on AUTOCAD and VBA, scientific and technological popularization and application, 2013:31-33;
[5] tangxinzhuang, zhuhongbo, haodan; net-based method [ J ] for drawing a section diagram by using AutoCAD secondary development, and mapping technical equipment, 2018 and 20 (2): 78-80;
[6] li deng fu, zhang Yong Jun; designing and realizing a program for drawing horizontal and vertical section diagrams in batch [ J ], scientific and technical information, 2010, (11): 88-89;
[7] sundawn, xuhongxia; MATLAB-based river channel cross section drawing [ J ], china water transport, 2018 (2): 73-76;
[8] denghuahu, a method [ J ] for batch drawing of cross-sectional diagrams in AutoCAD by using EXCEL, urban construction theory research, 2013, and 36.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for batch drawing of multiple-section terrains.
The object of the invention is achieved by the following measures: a method for batch bushing painting to measure multiple section terrains is characterized by comprising the following steps in sequence:
the first step is as follows: arranging the topographic data of a plurality of sections for a plurality of times and checking the reasonability;
the second step is that: drawing horizontal and vertical coordinate system drawings and picture frames of all cross sections in batch;
the third step: compiling a program to generate SCR files of all sections in batch;
the fourth step: and (5) rapidly drawing the cross sections in batches.
In the above technical solution, the first step includes: according to the actual measurement landform, all section landform data of the same measurement time are sorted into a document, and the data formats of the same year are consistent; and a rationality check is performed on the data.
In the technical scheme, the data are subjected to reasonableness check, whether the starting point distances are increased progressively is mainly checked, the maximum value and the minimum value of the terrain elevations of each section are counted, and the maximum value and the minimum value of the starting point distances are counted to provide data support for drawing a horizontal and vertical coordinate system diagram of the section in the next step.
In the above technical solution, the second step includes:
1) Determining the size of the chart frame of the chart;
2) Drawing a horizontal and vertical coordinate system diagram of a section;
3) Drawing a picture frame containing a horizontal and vertical coordinate system picture;
converting one horizontal and vertical coordinate system diagram into four horizontal and vertical coordinate system diagrams with reasonable intervals by using an AuotoCAD self-contained array command, and supplementing diagram names, diagrams, descriptions and sign columns;
4) Drawing other picture frames containing other sections and horizontal and vertical coordinate system pictures in batch;
5) And extracting the origin coordinates of the horizontal and vertical coordinate systems of the sections, namely connecting the origins of the horizontal and vertical coordinate systems of the sections into a multi-segment line, and extracting the endpoint coordinates of the multi-segment line, namely the origins of the horizontal and vertical coordinate systems of the sections.
In the above technical solution, the drawing of the abscissa and ordinate system diagram of a cross section should satisfy the following conditions: (1) the maximum value of the vertical coordinate is slightly larger than the maximum value of the actually measured terrain elevation, and the minimum value of the vertical coordinate is slightly lower than the minimum value of the actually measured terrain elevation; (2) the maximum value of the horizontal coordinate is slightly larger than the maximum value of the starting point distance, and the minimum value of the horizontal coordinate is slightly smaller than the minimum value of the starting point distance; (3) and determining the ratio of the ordinate and the abscissa.
In the above technical solution, the batch generation of the SCR files of each section by the programming procedure means that a Fortran language programming procedure is used to convert the starting point distances and elevations of all sections measured at one time into point coordinates in AutoCAD, and the point coordinates are stored as SCR files.
In the technical scheme, the step of batch rapid cross section bushing drawing refers to the step of dragging an SCR (selective catalytic reduction) file into an AuotoCAD (auto computer aided design) containing all picture frames, so that all cross section terrains of all measurement times can be automatically bushing-drawn in batches, all the cross section terrains of the same measurement time are drawn on the same layer, and the name of the layer is the name of the cross section file of the measurement time; and modifying the line type, color and line width of the section lines of the uniform layer by adopting a quick selection command according to the requirement; the section name of each section will be automatically filled in.
The invention aims at the situation that a plurality of methods are used for drawing a single measured-time section, and the section is drawn by using the EXCEL, so that the method is suitable for the situation that the measured time is less and the number of the sections is less, and the situation that the method is drawn by a plurality of measured times and a plurality of sections in a sleeving way, and the method has the current situations of large workload, low working efficiency, easy error, batch drawing failure and troublesome modification, and provides a technology for batch drawing of a multi-measured-time multi-section terrain, and the method has the following advantages:
(1) And is quick and convenient. The method only needs four steps, multiple cross-section terrains can be rapidly and collectively drawn for multiple times by combining the Fortran program with the AutoCAD software, wherein the cross-section terrains are drawn by the SCR file based on the Fortran program at a high speed in seconds.
(2) And the error is not easy to occur. The method checks the reasonableness of the topographic data of the cross section before the cross section is bushing-painted, and the overall process of bushing-painting of the cross section is based on the topographic data and the bushing-painted cross section processed by a computer, so that the possibility of errors of manually bushing-painted cross sections one by one is avoided.
(3) And is easy to modify. The method puts the same measured terrain section on the same layer in the AutoCAD, can delete the measured terrain section in the aspect, and can generate the SCR file of the measured terrain section, drag the SCR file into the AutoCAD which is completely drawn, and add the measured terrain section.
(4) And batch drawing can be realized. The method can be used for setting the size of the map sheet and then rapidly drawing the map in batches.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the arrangement of cross-sectional topographic data in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the cross-sectional terrain data plausibility check of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cross-section of the present invention in a horizontal and vertical coordinate system; section number (pile number) marked by 0+000 in the figure
FIG. 4 is a drawing diagram of a frame of the present invention; section number (pile number) marked by 0+000 in the figure
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of CAD array menu filling according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a drawing frame (only 5 sections in a row) containing all sections in the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the storage format of the origin of the horizontal and vertical coordinate systems of each cross section in the present invention;
fig. 8 is a block diagram of a process of converting all the measured terrain sections into SCR files at one time according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention, but are merely exemplary. While the advantages of the invention will be apparent and readily appreciated by the description.
FIG. 1 illustrates the following: the data in the first row is the total number of the measured sub-sections, the second row is the section number, the starting point distance and the number of the elevation points of the first section in sequence, the third row is the starting point distance and the elevation of the first measuring point of the first section respectively, and the like. In the actual arrangement process, different data formats can be flexibly adopted according to the existing section data condition.
Referring to fig. 2, it can be seen that: because the data measuring points are often massive and errors may occur, the drawing result and the judgment of the river course evolution rule and trend are directly influenced, and therefore the data rationality check is very necessary. If the formats of the section data after sorting are different, the source code should be adjusted correspondingly.
Referring to fig. 3, it can be seen that: the horizontal and vertical coordinates are all in meters, the size of the chart is determined, the size of the chart can be A4, A3, even A2, and generally A3 is more. According to the size of the drawing sheet, the height and width of characters in the drawing are determined, and the principle that the characters printed on the drawing sheet are clear and visible is taken as the principle.
Referring to fig. 4, it can be seen that: according to the size of the drawing sheet, a plurality of (if the size of the drawing sheet is A3, four) horizontal and vertical coordinate system drawings are arranged in the drawing frame, and the names, the legends, the descriptions, the sign columns and the like of the drawings are supplemented, and 1 horizontal and vertical coordinate system drawing can be converted into 4 horizontal and vertical coordinate system drawings with reasonable spacing by using an AuotoCAD self-contained 'array' command. The sizes, styles and label formats of characters of pictures made by different units are not completely the same, and can be modified according to the unit requirements.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, it can be seen that: and (3) utilizing an AuotoCAD self-contained 'array' command to generate a frame (containing an abscissa and an ordinate) containing other sections in batches. For the convenience of the following, in the "array" menu, 1 is filled in the column "row", 0 is filled in the column "row", and data in the column "row" is filled in according to the number of cross sections (if there are 4 cross sections in one frame, there are 800 cross sections, then there should be 200 filled in), and "row offset" is filled in according to the size of the frame, and the principle that two frames are not overlapped and have a proper margin is left, preferably an integer. The "array" menu is filled out as shown in fig. 5, and the batch generated frames containing other sections are shown in fig. 6.
Referring to fig. 7, it can be seen that: connecting the origin of the horizontal and vertical coordinate systems of each section into a multi-segment line, then extracting the endpoint coordinates of the multi-segment line by using an AutoCAD self-contained 'Li' command, namely the origin of the horizontal and vertical coordinate systems of each section, and storing the origin as XOY. For convenience, the original points of the horizontal and vertical coordinate systems of the four cross sections of the first frame can be extracted, and then the coordinates of the original points of the horizontal and vertical coordinate systems of the cross sections in the aotocad can be quickly calculated by EXCEL according to the line offset distance.
Referring to fig. 8, it can be seen that: after the preparation work is finished, the Fortran language is used for programming, the starting point distances and the elevations (X, Z) of all the measured sections are converted into point coordinates in the AutoCAD at one time, and the point coordinates are stored as an SCR file.
The invention relates to a method for batch bushing painting to measure a plurality of section terrains for a plurality of times, which comprises the following steps in sequence:
(1) Arranging the topographic data of a plurality of sections for a plurality of times and checking the reasonability;
all the section terrain of the same measurement is sorted into a document (e.g., 2016. Txt) based on the measured terrain, and the section terrain data format is as shown in fig. 1. Besides txt, other document formats may be used, such as dat. After finishing the data arrangement, a programming program (a flow chart is shown in fig. 2) performs rationality check on the data, mainly checks whether the starting point distance is increased progressively, and also counts the maximum value, the minimum value, the maximum value and the minimum value of the starting point distance of the terrain of each section, so as to provide data support for drawing a horizontal and vertical coordinate system diagram of the section in the next step.
(2) Drawing horizontal and vertical coordinate system drawings and picture frames of all cross sections in batch;
2.1 To determine the size of the frame of the map,
the size of the chart frame is determined, and the size of the chart frame can be A4, A3, even A2, and is generally more than A3. According to the size of the drawing sheet, the height and width of characters in the drawing are determined, and the principle that the characters printed on the drawing sheet are clear and visible is taken as the principle.
2.2 A cross-sectional view of a horizontal and vertical coordinate system is made,
the abscissa and ordinate system of a cross-sectional view is plotted in AutoCAD (as shown in fig. 3). When drawing the figure, the following points should be noted: (1) the maximum value of the ordinate is slightly larger than the maximum value of the actually measured terrain elevation, and the minimum value of the ordinate is slightly lower than the minimum value of the actually measured terrain elevation; (2) the maximum value of the abscissa should be slightly larger than the maximum value of the starting point distance, and the minimum value should be slightly smaller than the minimum value of the starting point distance; (3) the ordinate and abscissa ratios (BY, BX) are determined.
2.3 A frame (including a diagram of the horizontal and vertical coordinate systems) is made,
according to the size of the drawing sheet, a plurality of (if the size of the drawing sheet is A3, generally four) horizontal and vertical coordinate system drawings (as shown in FIG. 4) are arranged in a frame, and the name, legend, description, sign columns and the like of the drawings are supplemented, so that 1 horizontal and vertical coordinate system drawing can be converted into 4 horizontal and vertical coordinate system drawings with reasonable spacing by using an AuotoCAD self-contained 'array' command.
2.4 Batch production of frames (including horizontal and vertical coordinate system drawings) containing other cross-sections,
and (3) utilizing an AuotoCAD self-contained 'array' command to generate a frame (containing an abscissa and an ordinate) containing other sections in batches. For the convenience of the follow-up, in the "array" menu, 1 is filled in the column of "row", 0 is filled in the column of "row offset", data is filled in the column of "row" according to the number of cross sections (if there are 4 cross sections in a frame, there should be 200 filled in the column of "row offset"), and "row offset" is filled in according to the size of the frame, on the principle that two frames are not overlapped and have a proper margin, preferably an integer. The "array" menu is filled out as shown in fig. 5, and the batch generated frame containing other cross sections is shown in fig. 6.
2.5 Extracting the origin coordinates of the horizontal and vertical coordinate systems of each section,
connecting the origins of the horizontal and vertical coordinate systems of all the sections into a multi-segment line, extracting the end point coordinates of the multi-segment line by using an AutoCAD self-carried 'Li' command, namely the origin of the horizontal and vertical coordinate system of each section, and storing the origin as XOY.
For convenience, the original points of the horizontal and vertical coordinate systems of the four cross sections of the first frame can be extracted, and then the coordinates of the original points of the horizontal and vertical coordinate systems of each cross section in the aotocad can be quickly calculated by EXCEL according to the line offset distance.
(3) Programming procedure for generating SCR files of various sections in batches
After the preparation work of (1) and (2) is finished, starting point distances and elevations (X, Z) of all measured sections are converted into point coordinates in AutoCAD at one time by using a Fortran language programming program, and the point coordinates are stored as an SCR file. The program flow chart is shown in fig. 8. (4) Batch quick sleeve-drawing section
Dragging the SCR file into the audiocad containing all frames (as shown in fig. 6) will automatically overlay all the cross-sectional features of all measurements in batches quickly (in seconds), and all the cross-sectional features of the same measurement are overlaid on the same layer, with the name of the profile file (typically the measurement time). In the AuotoCAD, a quick selection command (qselect) can be adopted to modify the line type, the color, the line width and the like of the section lines of the uniform layer according to the requirement. In addition, the section name of each section is automatically filled in.
Other details not described are prior art.
Claims (3)
1. The method for batch drawing of the multiple-section landforms for multiple times is characterized by comprising the following steps in sequence:
the first step is as follows: arranging the topographic data of a plurality of sections for a plurality of times and checking the reasonability;
the first step comprises: according to the actual measurement landform, all section landform data of the same measurement time are sorted into a document, and the data formats of the same year are consistent; and the rationality of the data is checked;
the second step is that: drawing horizontal and vertical coordinate system drawings and picture frames of all cross sections in batch;
the second step includes:
1) Determining the size of the chart frame of the chart;
2) Drawing a horizontal and vertical coordinate system diagram of a section;
3) Drawing a picture frame containing a horizontal and vertical coordinate system picture;
converting one horizontal and vertical coordinate system diagram into four horizontal and vertical coordinate system diagrams with reasonable intervals by using an AuotoCAD self-contained array command, and supplementing diagram names, diagrams, descriptions and sign columns;
4) Drawing other picture frames containing other sections and horizontal and vertical coordinate system pictures in batch;
5) Extracting the origin coordinates of the horizontal and vertical coordinate systems of all the sections; connecting the origin points of the horizontal and vertical coordinate systems of all the sections into a multi-section line, and extracting the end point coordinates of the multi-section line to obtain the origin points of the horizontal and vertical coordinate systems of all the sections;
the third step: programming a program to generate SCR files of all sections in batch;
the fourth step: quickly drawing the cross sections in batches;
the batch generation of the SCR files of all the sections by the programming program refers to the fact that the Fortran language programming program is utilized, starting point distances and elevations of all the measured sections are converted into point coordinates in AutoCAD at one time, and the point coordinates are stored as SCR files;
the step of fast batch drawing of the sections refers to that an SCR file is dragged into an AuotoCAD containing all picture frames, all section terrains of all measurement times can be automatically batch drawn, all section terrains of the same measurement time are drawn on the same picture layer, and the name of the picture layer is the name of the section file of the measurement time; and modifying the line type, color and line width of the section lines of the uniform layer by adopting a quick selection command according to the requirement; the section name of each section will also be automatically filled in.
2. The method for batch overdrawing of multiple survey multiple section terrains according to claim 1, characterized in that the data are subjected to reasonableness check, and whether the starting point distances are increased progressively is mainly checked, and the maximum value and the minimum value of the elevation of each section terrain and the maximum value and the minimum value of the starting point distances are counted, so that data support is provided for drawing a horizontal and vertical coordinate system diagram of the section in the next step.
3. The method for batch drawing of multiple survey multiple section terrains according to claim 1, wherein the drawing of the abscissa and ordinate system diagram of one section satisfies the following condition: (1) the maximum value of the vertical coordinate is slightly larger than the maximum value of the actually measured terrain elevation, and the minimum value of the vertical coordinate is slightly lower than the minimum value of the actually measured terrain elevation; (2) the maximum value of the horizontal coordinate is slightly larger than the maximum value of the starting point distance, and the minimum value is slightly smaller than the minimum value of the starting point distance; (3) and determining the ratio of the ordinate to the abscissa.
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| 《基于GIS的河床演变断面分析方法研究》;贺巧宁等;《人民长江》;20081231;第99-100，105页 * |
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