CN112577826B - Test platform for simulating uniform load of pipeline in deepwater environment - Google Patents
Test platform for simulating uniform load of pipeline in deepwater environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112577826B CN112577826B CN202011399440.0A CN202011399440A CN112577826B CN 112577826 B CN112577826 B CN 112577826B CN 202011399440 A CN202011399440 A CN 202011399440A CN 112577826 B CN112577826 B CN 112577826B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The invention provides a test platform for simulating uniform load of a pipeline in a deepwater environment, which comprises a high-pressure cabin body, wherein the high-pressure cabin body is internally provided with: two ends of the test pipe fitting are fixed on two opposite side walls of the high-pressure cabin body through a hinge device; the load loading device comprises a hydraulic device which penetrates into the hyperbaric chamber through a hydraulic rod, a displacement transfer plate is installed at one end of the hydraulic rod, which is positioned in the hyperbaric chamber, and a spring set which is in contact with the test pipe fitting through an elastic piece is installed on one surface of the displacement transfer plate, which is far away from the hydraulic rod. The invention can apply various uniform loads to the test pipe fitting to simulate the deformation condition of the test pipe fitting under the real limit condition; the high-pressure cabin body and the load loading device are of pure mechanical structures, and can bear strong enough water pressure without influencing the precision of a test result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of deep sea oil pipe erection, in particular to a test platform for simulating uniform load of a pipeline in a deep water environment.
Background
Landslide is a huge deformation and dynamic process that causes severe damage to offshore facilities such as subsea pipelines. The research on the large deformation process of the submarine landslide and the interaction between the landslide and submarine pipelines has very important significance on the safety design of practical engineering. At present, the research on interaction of the submarine landslide and the pipeline adopts qualitative analysis, a sliding body usually has constant volume, an assumed sliding surface and initial sliding speed, and the pipe-soil interaction is simplified into the local load action of the pipeline in most of the research when the uncertainty of the landslide caused by natural variation of soil properties is not considered. However, the process of the pipeline impacted by soil particles is difficult to simulate in the limited space of a laboratory, so that the research on the aspect is limited, the research difficulty is increased, and the research result cannot be well verified.
In addition, when the vertical plane motion is large in an extreme environment, high structural stress, dynamic buckling and accumulated fatigue damage may be generated, and at the moment, the large pitching motion of the platform is directly transmitted to the connected riser and causes direct interaction with the seabed; particularly when the riser moves down at high speed, large negative pulling forces may be induced, which may result in local dynamic buckling near the touchdown point, which, once it occurs, may result in unacceptably high stresses and permanent structural damage; the high stress range that is frequently applied leads to significant fatigue damage buildup even if the maximum stress does not reach the yield stress of the material.
At present, in the research of a riser contact section, because a full-size pipeline is difficult to use for a uniform load distribution test, most of the research can only focus on the soil deformation and the groove forming process. If a full-size ground contact section fatigue test is to be carried out, a test site more than one hundred meters is needed, so that the occupied space is large, and the ground contact section fatigue test is easily interfered by the surrounding environment. If the pipe fitting is tested by adopting the scale ratio, the reliability of the test result is not high, and the pipe fitting cannot be used in the engineering practice. Therefore, the local load loading mode is adopted to simulate the effect of local soil load on the touchdown point of the submarine pipeline, the length of the test pipe fitting can be shortened, the test can be simplified, the cost is reduced, the interference is reduced, and the test precision is improved.
Although research on local uniform load effect of submarine pipelines at home and abroad is already carried out, the following defects exist:
1. the local acting loading device for the pipelines at home and abroad is generally only suitable for single-point loading or four-point bending loading, and cannot realize local uniform load loading of the pipelines, namely the existing device mainly acts on one point on the pipeline, but fatigue failure and crushing failure positions are mostly positioned at loading positions, so that the influence caused by stress concentration cannot be obtained.
2. The test tubular is typically a scaled tubular. Because the large-size pipe fitting is not easy to uniformly load and has extremely high danger, the pipe fitting with the reduced scale ratio is loaded, the size effect exists, and the precision of the test result cannot be guaranteed.
3. The existing domestic test device is mainly used for simulating the interaction between the pipeline and the soil body on land under normal pressure, the acting force type is limited, and the acting mode is single.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a test platform capable of simulating uniform load distribution of pipelines in an actual deepwater environment.
Specifically, the invention provides a test platform for simulating uniform load distribution of a pipeline in a deepwater environment, which comprises a hollow high-pressure cabin body, wherein the high-pressure cabin body is internally provided with:
the test pipe fitting is an intercepted section of an actual pipeline, two ends of the test pipe fitting are fixed on two opposite side walls of the high-pressure cabin body through a hinge device, and the fixed test pipe fitting is suspended in the high-pressure cabin body;
load loading device including utilizing the hydraulic means that the hydraulic stem penetrated in the hyperbaric chamber, installs the displacement transfer board in the one end that the hydraulic stem is located the hyperbaric chamber, and the spring assembly through elastic component and experimental pipe fitting contact is installed to the one side that the hydraulic stem was kept away from to the displacement transfer board.
The invention can apply various uniform loads to the test pipe fitting to simulate the deformation condition of the test pipe fitting under the real limit condition; the adopted high-pressure cabin body and the load loading device are of pure mechanical structures, and can bear strong enough water pressure without influencing the precision of a test result; the uniform load loading can be realized through the load loading device, and the uniform load loading in various forms can be realized through replacing and adjusting the rigidity of the spring; load loading device and test pipe fitting between the complete contact, when utilizing hydraulic means to exert the load to test pipe fitting, can exert pressure to test pipe fitting local effective length and stress surface pertinently, can simulate the condition that actual pipeline received the equipartition load completely, be favorable to the engineer to do comprehensive understanding to the performance of pipeline.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a test platform according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a test platform according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of the internal equipment of the high pressure chamber according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a load applying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The detailed structure and implementation process of the present solution are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in one embodiment of the present invention, a test platform for simulating uniform load distribution of pipelines in a deep water environment is disclosed, which comprises a hollow high-pressure chamber 1, wherein the high-pressure chamber 1 may be cylindrical and horizontally placed, two ends of the high-pressure chamber 1 are provided with sealed movable chamber doors 4, the inside of the high-pressure chamber 1 can be maintained and provided with test pipes 9 through the movable chamber doors 4, the upper part of the high-pressure chamber 1 is provided with a water inlet valve 5 and an exhaust valve 7, and the bottom part is provided with a water drain valve 3.
A test pipe fitting 9 and a load loading device 8 are arranged in the high-pressure cabin body 1.
The test pipe fitting 9 is a cut section of an actual pipeline, two ends of the test pipe fitting are fixed on two opposite side walls of the high-pressure cabin body 1 through hinge devices, preferably fixed on the inner surfaces of the two cabin doors 4, and the fixed test pipe fitting 9 is suspended in the high-pressure cabin body 1.
The load loading device 8 comprises a hydraulic device 6 penetrating into the high-pressure cabin 1 by using a hydraulic rod, and a displacement transfer plate 10 installed at one end of the hydraulic rod, which is located in the high-pressure cabin 1, wherein the installed displacement transfer plate 10 is in a horizontal state, and a spring group 11 in contact with the test pipe fitting 9 through an elastic piece 13 is installed on one side, which is far away from the hydraulic rod, of the displacement transfer plate 10.
In the test of the embodiment, the movable cabin door 4 of the high-pressure cabin body 1 is opened firstly, the test pipe fitting 9 is installed in the high-pressure cabin body 1, after the cabin door 4 is closed, the water inlet valve 5 on the upper part of the high-pressure cabin body 1 is opened for water injection, meanwhile, the exhaust valve 7 is opened for exhaust, and after the water in the high-pressure cabin body 1 reaches a preset amount, the water inlet valve 5 and the exhaust valve 7 are closed. Utilize 6 drive hydraulic stem of hydraulic means to promote displacement transfer plate 10 and carry out the pressurization test, displacement transfer plate 10 exerts pressure through spring assembly 11 and elastic component 13 to experimental pipe fitting 9, and the experimental pipe fitting 9 of articulated connection can realize radial rotation and the axial stretch in the certain distance under pressure to the reaction when simulation actual pipeline receives the load.
And when the pressure value reaches the test preset value or the test pipe fitting 9 in the high-pressure cabin body 1 is damaged, the current test is finished. And then, draining water by using a drain valve 3 at the lower part of the high-pressure cabin body 1, opening a cabin door 4 after draining the water, taking out the test pipe fitting 9, and finishing the whole test.
In the embodiment, the whole test comprises a pressurizing process, a water injection process, a reaction state of the test pipe under pressure and the like, which can be monitored by a control system, and required parameters are obtained by using corresponding sensors. The displacement transfer plate 10 can enable pressure to act on the test pipe fitting 9 uniformly, good continuity is achieved, meanwhile, the rigidity of the spring group 11 can be changed, and different uniform load effects are achieved. The supporting seats 2 arranged at intervals can be arranged at the bottom of the high-pressure cabin body 1, and one surface of each supporting seat 2 contacted with the high-pressure cabin body 1 is an arc shape tightly attached to the outer surface of the high-pressure cabin body 1, so that the high-pressure cabin body 1 can be prevented from shaking while the high-pressure cabin body 1 is stably supported.
The embodiment provides a test platform for a pipeline under the action of local load, and can apply various uniformly distributed loads to a test pipe fitting so as to simulate the deformation condition of the test pipe fitting under the real limit condition; the adopted high-pressure cabin body and the load loading device are of pure mechanical structures, and can bear strong enough water pressure without influencing the precision of a test result; the uniform load loading can be realized through the load loading device, and the uniform load loading in various forms can be realized through replacing and adjusting the rigidity of the spring; the load loading device is completely contacted with the test pipe fitting, when the hydraulic device is used for applying load to the test pipe fitting, the local effective length and the stress surface of the test pipe fitting can be applied with pressure in a targeted mode, the condition that an actual pipeline is uniformly loaded can be completely simulated, and the comprehensive understanding of the performance of the pipeline by engineering personnel is facilitated.
As shown in fig. 3, in one embodiment of the invention, a specific hinge device for connecting the test tube 9 to the hatch 4 is disclosed; the hinge device comprises flanges 19 respectively fixed with two ends of the test pipe fitting 9, connecting seats 16 respectively fixed with the inner surfaces of the two cabin doors 4, and hinge supports 18 respectively connected with the connecting seats 16 and the flanges 19; the end of the connecting socket 16 facing the hinge support 18 is provided with a cavity and a closed cover 17 with a connecting hole, the hinge support 18 comprises a connecting ball 181 which can extend into the cavity and is limited to be separated by the closed cover 17, and an adapter flange 182 fixedly connected with the connecting ball 181.
During installation, the connecting socket 16 is fixed on the hatch 4 by bolts, then the hinged support 18 is connected with the flange 19 fixed at the end of the test tube 9 by the adapter flange 182, the connecting ball 181 of the hinged support 18 is inserted into the cavity of the connecting socket 16, and finally the closing cover 17 is fixed with the connecting socket 16 to limit the connecting ball 181 in the cavity. The diameter of the connection hole of the closing cap 17 is smaller than the diameter of the connection ball 181 but larger than the diameter of the connection portion of the connection ball 181 and the adapter flange 182, and the closing cap 17 is previously installed between the connection ball 181 and the adapter flange 182. The length of the cavity and the length of the connection between the connecting ball 181 and the adapter flange 182 determine the length of the final axial movement of the test tube 9. The connecting ball 181 can rotate and move axially in the cavity along with the test tube 9 along with the change of the pressure applied by the hydraulic device 6.
In order to improve the sealing performance between the cabin door 4 and the high pressure cabin 1, a sealing ring 15 can be arranged on one surface of the cabin door 4, which is in contact with the high pressure cabin 1.
As shown in fig. 4, in one embodiment of the present invention, the spring set 11 includes a plurality of springs 111 arranged side by side and at intervals, and the springs 111 are arranged in the same direction as the test tube 9. The number of springs 111 in the spring stack 11 may be 5-9 and the cover length at least comprises the bending section of the test tube 9. The number of the springs 111 can be adjusted according to different lengths of the test pipe 9 so as to better simulate pressure change.
Further, the distribution of the springs 111 in the spring group 11 can select different stiffness according to the bending degree of the connected test pipe 9, that is, the distance between the displacement transmission plate 10 and the test pipe 9 is taken as a standard, and the springs 111 with different stiffness are installed at corresponding positions according to the distance, so that the load finally applied to the test pipe 9 is uniform.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the elastic member 13 is an arc-shaped flexible plate 131, the angle of the arc is the same as the surface curvature of the test tube 9, the material of the flexible plate 131 may be plastic or rubber, and each flexible plate 131 is attached to the tube body of the test tube 9 along the axial direction of the test tube 9. The flexible plate 131 has a certain elasticity and can deform along with the deformation of the test tube 9.
The flexible plates 131 may be independent of each other or may be connected together; when being connected with each other, the flexible boards 131 can be connected with each other through the pin structures 14, and the specific pin structures 14 are: a hollow single pipeline 141 is arranged at one axial end of the flexible plate 131, two hollow pipelines 142 arranged at intervals are arranged at the other axial end of the flexible plate, the directions of the pipelines 141 and 142 are perpendicular to the axial direction of the test pipe fitting 9, the interval distance between the two pipelines 142 is the same as the length of the single pipeline 141, two adjacent flexible plates 131 are clamped between the two pipelines 142 through the single pipeline 141, and then the two adjacent flexible plates are connected together through a pin 143 inserted into the three pipelines 141 and 142 at the same time. After the flexible plate 131 is movably connected through the pin structure 14, pressure can be uniformly applied to the test pipe fitting 9, the continuity is good, meanwhile, rigidity adjustment can be achieved by replacing different springs 111, and then different uniform load distribution effects are achieved.
In order to facilitate the connection of the spring 111, a spring fixing seat 12 for fixing the end of the spring 111 is installed on one side of the flexible board 131 close to the spring 111, and a spring hole for inserting the end of the spring 111 is formed in the spring fixing seat 12. The spring fixing seat 12 can facilitate the replacement of the spring 111, and can better transmit the pressure of the spring 111.
Thus, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that while a number of exemplary embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications consistent with the principles of the invention may be directly determined or derived from the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be understood and interpreted to cover all such other variations or modifications.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a test platform of pipeline equipartition load under simulation deepwater environment, includes the hollow high-pressure cabin body, its characterized in that installs in the high-pressure cabin body:
the test pipe fitting is an intercepted section of an actual pipeline, two ends of the test pipe fitting are fixed on two opposite side walls of the high-pressure cabin body through hinge devices, and the fixed test pipe fitting is suspended in the high-pressure cabin body;
the load loading device comprises a hydraulic device which penetrates into the hyperbaric chamber by using a hydraulic rod, wherein one end of the hydraulic rod, which is positioned in the hyperbaric chamber, is provided with a displacement transfer plate, and one surface of the displacement transfer plate, which is far away from the hydraulic rod, is provided with a spring group which is in contact with the side surface of the test pipe fitting through an elastic piece;
the hinge device comprises flanges respectively fixed with two ends of the test pipe fitting, a connecting seat fixed with the inner surface of the cabin door, and a hinge support respectively connected with the connecting seat and the flanges; the hinged support comprises a connecting ball and a switching flange, wherein the connecting ball can extend into the cavity and is limited by the closed cover to be separated, and the switching flange is fixedly connected with the connecting ball;
along with the change of the pressure applied by the hydraulic device, the connecting ball rotates and axially moves in the cavity along with the test pipe fitting;
the spring group comprises a plurality of springs which are arranged side by side and at intervals, and the distribution direction of the springs is the same as the placement direction of the test pipe fitting;
the distribution of the springs in the spring group selects different rigidity according to the bending degree of the connected test pipe fitting so as to evenly distribute the load finally applied to the test pipe fitting;
the elastic piece is an arc-shaped flexible plate, the arc-shaped angle of the elastic piece is the same as the surface radian of the test pipe fitting, and the flexible plates are respectively attached to the pipe body of the test pipe fitting along the axial direction of the test pipe fitting.
2. The test platform of claim 1,
the high-pressure cabin body is cylindrical and horizontally arranged, movable cabin doors are installed at two ends of the high-pressure cabin body, a water inlet valve and an exhaust valve are arranged at the upper part of the high-pressure cabin body, and a drain valve is installed at the bottom of the high-pressure cabin body.
3. The test platform of claim 2,
the bottom of the high-pressure cabin body is provided with supporting seats which are arranged at intervals, and one surface of each supporting seat, which is in contact with the high-pressure cabin body, is in an arc shape tightly attached to the outer surface of the high-pressure cabin body.
4. The test platform of claim 1,
the number of the springs in the spring group is 5 to 9, and the covering length at least comprises a bending section of the test pipe fitting.
5. The test platform of claim 1,
the flexible plates are mutually connected through pin shafts, a hollow single pipeline is installed at one axial end of each flexible plate, two hollow pipelines which are arranged at intervals are installed at the other end of each flexible plate, the interval distance between the two pipelines is the same as the length of the single pipeline, and the flexible parts are adjacent to each other and are connected together through the pin shafts which are inserted into the three pipelines simultaneously.
6. The test platform of claim 5,
the flexible plate is close to a spring fixing seat for fixing the end part of the spring is installed on one surface of the spring, and a spring hole for inserting the end part of the spring is formed in the spring fixing seat.
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| CN114323973A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-04-12 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Submersible observation window pressure resistance test device and method |
| CN114674674B (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-09-06 | 四川航天拓达玄武岩纤维开发有限公司 | Linear measuring device and measuring method for basalt fiber pipe quality inspection |
| CN116678730B (en) * | 2023-08-02 | 2023-10-13 | 河北蒙电电气科技有限公司 | Manufacturing and testing device for cable protection tube |
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