CN112577733A - Performance test method of flange sealing gasket for heat exchange equipment - Google Patents
Performance test method of flange sealing gasket for heat exchange equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112577733A CN112577733A CN202011581792.8A CN202011581792A CN112577733A CN 112577733 A CN112577733 A CN 112577733A CN 202011581792 A CN202011581792 A CN 202011581792A CN 112577733 A CN112577733 A CN 112577733A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/005—Sealing rings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a performance test method of a flange sealing gasket for heat exchange equipment, which adopts a special inspection device and controls the circulation condition of a cooling medium in each cooling medium cavity through a cooling medium circulation device, so that the temperature of each position node of the sealing gasket is changed in an alternating manner in the circumferential direction, the actual operation condition of the heat exchange equipment can be simulated, and the sealing reliability of the sealing gasket is tested and inspected, thereby not only providing parameters with important guiding significance for the production, the manufacture, the installation and the like of the sealing gasket, but also providing beneficial help for the discovery of the leakage reasons of the current heat exchange equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a performance test method of a flange sealing gasket for heat exchange equipment.
Background
In the industrial fields of nuclear power, petrochemical industry and the like, the phenomenon that the deformation of sealing connecting elements such as bolts and flanges is inconsistent due to different thermal expansions caused by different circumferential temperatures at the sealing part of the flange, so that the sealing stress of a sealing gasket is not uniform and the sealing gasket leaks. If the pipe box flange and the head cover flange in the multi-tube pass shell type heat exchanger are sealed, the temperature of the flange part corresponding to the inlet and the outlet multi-tube passes is inconsistent due to the objective temperature difference among the multi-tube passes, the internal thermal stress of the flange is formed, the axial deformation of each node in the circumferential direction of the flange is inconsistent, the local loss of the circumferential sealing working stress of different nodes in the circumferential direction of the sealing gasket is caused, and the sealing leakage is caused. At present, no effective inspection device or method is used for inspecting the sealing performance, the service life and the like of the sealing gasket for equipment under the working conditions in China, so that the independent manufacturing of the sealing gasket and the solution of the sealing leakage problem in the relevant industrial fields of nuclear power, petrifaction and the like in China are restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a performance test method of a flange sealing gasket for heat exchange equipment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a performance test method of a flange sealing gasket for heat exchange equipment is carried out by adopting a special test device, wherein the test device comprises an autoclave with a high-pressure cavity, a multi-cavity cooler and a sealing gasket for axially sealing between the autoclave and the multi-cavity cooler, the autoclave comprises a cylinder body and a connecting flange, one axial end part of the cylinder body is provided with an opening, and the connecting flange is arranged at the opening position on the cylinder body; the multi-cavity cooler comprises a cooling cylinder and an end cover flange, wherein the cooling cylinder is provided with a plurality of cooling medium cavities which are mutually isolated, the end cover flange is arranged at one shaft end of the cooling cylinder and simultaneously seals all the cooling medium cavities, the sealing gasket is arranged between the end cover flange and the connecting flange, a plurality of temperature monitoring areas are arranged on the end cover flange, and one temperature monitoring area is arranged between each cooling medium cavity and the sealing gasket,
each cooling medium cavity is connected with a group of cooling medium outlet pipes and cooling medium inlet pipes, the inspection device also comprises a heat supply device for ensuring that the test medium in the high-pressure cavity is within a set temperature range, a temperature detection device capable of detecting the actual temperature of the temperature monitoring area, a cooling medium circulating device capable of circularly supplying cooling medium to the cooling medium cavities, and a flow regulating device for controlling the flow of the cooling medium entering the cooling medium inlet pipes, and the temperature detection device, the cooling medium circulating device and the flow regulating device are in communication connection,
the test method comprises the following steps:
(1) placing a sealing gasket to be detected between the end cover flange and the connecting flange, and loading and fastening according to the sealing specific pressure requirement of the sealing gasket for the heat exchange equipment so that the sealing gasket is compressed between the end cover flange and the connecting flange along the axial direction;
(2) supplying a test medium into the high-pressure cavity of the autoclave, and keeping the temperature and the pressure of the test medium in the high-pressure cavity within preset ranges;
circularly supplying a cooling medium to each cooling medium cavity to ensure that the temperature of each temperature monitoring area is within a preset temperature range;
(3) observing the sealing condition of the sealing gasket, wherein if leakage occurs, the sealing gasket cannot meet the sealing requirement of the heat exchange equipment; and (3) if no leakage phenomenon exists, continuing to maintain the test state in the step (2), checking the sealing gasket, and judging the sealing reliability of the sealing gasket according to the time for which the density gasket can bear the check without leakage.
Preferably, all of the cooling medium outlet pipes are provided in parallel at an inlet end of the cooling medium circulating means, and all of the cooling medium inlet pipes are provided in parallel at an outlet end of the cooling medium circulating means, the cooling medium circulating means being free to circulate the cooling medium to all of the cooling medium chambers independently.
Preferably, the cooling medium circulating device at least comprises a control system for controlling the supply of the cooling medium to the cooling medium inlet pipe, the control system, the temperature detecting device and the flow regulating device are in communication connection, and the control system controls the flow regulating device to change the passing flow according to the actual temperature value detected by the temperature detecting device.
Further, the cooling medium circulating device further includes:
a cooler for cooling the cooling medium flowing out from the cooling medium outlet pipe;
a cooling medium storage for storing the cooling medium cooled by the cooler;
a circulation pump whose operating state is controlled by the control system for pumping the cooling medium in the cooling medium reservoir into the cooling medium inlet pipe.
Further, the cooling medium circulating device further includes a temperature sensor provided between the cooler and the cooling medium reservoir, the temperature sensor being configured to detect a temperature of the cooling medium cooled by the cooler.
Further, the cooling medium circulating device further includes a pressure sensor provided between the circulating pump and the cooling medium inlet pipe, the pressure sensor being configured to detect a pressure of the cooling medium pumped into the cooling medium inlet pipe from the circulating pump.
Preferably, the cooling medium outlet pipe and the cooling medium inlet pipe are connected to opposite ends of the cooling cylinder in the axial direction, respectively, wherein the cooling medium inlet pipe and the cooling cylinder are connected at a position adjacent to the end cover flange.
Preferably, the heat supply device comprises a heater for heating the test medium in the high-pressure cavity, a temperature monitor for detecting the temperature of the test medium, and a heating controller for controlling the working state of the heater, and the temperature monitor is in communication connection with the heating controller.
Preferably, the flow regulating device comprises a flow regulating valve with an adjustable valve port and a flow sensor for monitoring the flow of the medium entering the cooling medium cavity from the flow regulating valve, and each group of the cooling medium inlet pipes is provided with one group of the flow regulating valves.
Preferably, all the cooling medium cavities are connected in sequence along the circumferential direction, and all the temperature monitoring areas are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the performance test method of the flange sealing gasket for the heat exchange equipment adopts the special inspection device, wherein the circulation condition of the cooling medium in each cooling medium cavity can be controlled through the cooling medium circulation device, so that the temperature of each position node of the sealing gasket is changed in an alternating manner in the circumferential direction, the actual operation condition of the heat exchange equipment can be simulated, and the sealing reliability of the sealing gasket is tested and inspected, thereby not only providing important guiding parameters for the production, the manufacture, the installation and the like of the sealing gasket, but also providing beneficial help for the discovery of the leakage reason of the current heat exchange equipment and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a detection apparatus used in the test method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the connection between each cooling medium chamber and the cooling medium circulating device in the detecting device used in the testing method of the present invention;
wherein: 10. an autoclave; 10a, a high pressure cavity; 101. a barrel; 102. a connecting flange; 20. a multi-cavity cooler; 201. a cooling cylinder; 202. an end cap flange; 203. a partition plate; 204. a media outlet; 205. a media inlet; 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E, a cooling medium cavity; 30. sealing gaskets; 40. a cooling medium circulation and control system; 50. a heating device; 501. a heater; 502. a heating controller;
1. a cooling medium outlet pipe; 2. a cooling medium inlet pipe; 3. a temperature detection device; 4. a cooler; 5. a temperature sensor; 6. a control system; 7. a cooling medium reservoir; 8. a circulation pump; 9. a pressure sensor; 11. a control valve; 12. a flow regulating valve; 13. a flow sensor (flowmeter); 14. a pressure monitor; 15. a temperature monitor; 16. a pump; 17. a liquid inlet valve; 18. and an evacuation valve.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, a performance test device for a flange gasket for a heat exchange apparatus includes an autoclave 10, a multi-chamber cooler 20, and a gasket 30 for axially sealing between the autoclave 10 and the multi-chamber cooler 20.
The autoclave 10 has a high pressure chamber 10a, the autoclave 10 includes a cylinder 101 and a connecting flange 102, one axial end of the cylinder 101 has an opening, the connecting flange 102 is provided at the opening position on the cylinder 102, and the connecting flange 102 and the cylinder 102 are provided integrally here.
The multi-cavity cooler 20 includes a cooling cylinder 201 having a plurality of cooling medium cavities isolated from each other, and an end cover flange 202 provided at one axial end of the cooling cylinder 201 and closing all the cooling medium cavities at the same time. In the present embodiment, a plurality of partition plates 203 are fixedly disposed in the inner cavity of the cooling cylinder 201, and the plurality of partition plates 203 partition the inner cavity of the cooling cylinder 201 into a plurality of cooling medium chambers that are not communicated with each other. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1 and 2, five cooling medium chambers 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D, and 20E are provided, and the cooling medium chambers 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D, and 20E are connected in the circumferential direction.
The sealing gasket 30 is disposed between the end cover flange 202 and the connecting flange 102, a plurality of temperature monitoring areas are disposed on the end cover flange 202, and a temperature monitoring area is disposed between each cooling medium cavity and the sealing gasket 30, that is, the number of the temperature monitoring areas is consistent with the number of the cooling medium cavities, and the positions of the temperature monitoring areas correspond to one another. Here, the temperature monitoring areas are specifically five, a, b, c, d, e, and the temperature monitoring areas a, b, c, d, e are located between the corresponding cooling medium cavities and the sealing gasket 30 in the axial direction. The five temperature monitoring zones a, b, c, d, e are distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction.
A set of cooling medium outlet pipe 1 and cooling medium inlet pipe 2 are connected to each cooling medium chamber for circulation of the cooling medium in the respective cooling medium chamber. Here, the cooling medium outlet pipe 1 and the cooling medium inlet pipe 2 are connected to opposite ends of the cooling cylinder 201 in the axial direction, respectively, wherein the position where the cooling medium inlet pipe 2 is connected to the cooling cylinder 201 is adjacent to the end cover flange 202. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, a set of a medium outlet 204 and a medium inlet 205 are provided on the cooling cylinder 201 corresponding to each cooling medium cavity, the medium inlet 205 is adjacent to the end cover flange 202, the cooling medium outlet pipe 1 is connected to the medium outlet 204, and the cooling medium inlet pipe 2 is connected to the medium inlet 205.
The inspection device also comprises a heat supply device 50 for ensuring that the test medium in the high-pressure cavity 10a is maintained within a set temperature range, a temperature detection device 3 capable of detecting the actual temperature of each temperature monitoring area, a cooling medium circulating device capable of circularly supplying cooling medium to each cooling medium cavity, and a flow regulating device for controlling the flow of the cooling medium entering the cooling medium inlet pipe 2, wherein the flow regulating device specifically comprises a flow regulating valve 12 with an adjustable valve port, and a flow sensor 13 for monitoring the flow of the medium entering the corresponding cooling medium cavity from the flow regulating valve 12, and the flow sensor 13 is specifically a flow meter; the temperature detection device 3 may specifically employ a temperature sensor, and the temperature detection device 3, the cooling medium circulation device, and the flow rate adjustment device are connected in communication with each other.
In this embodiment, each group of cooling medium inlet pipes 2 is provided with a group of flow regulating valves 12 and a flow sensor 13 to control the flow of the cooling medium to be input into the corresponding cooling medium cavities, so as to control the temperature of the medium in each cooling medium cavity.
All the cooling medium outlet pipes 1 are arranged in parallel at the inlet end of the cooling medium circulating device, all the cooling medium inlet pipes 2 are arranged in parallel at the outlet end of the cooling medium circulating device, and a control valve 11 is further arranged on each set of cooling medium outlet pipes 1. The cooling medium circulation device is switchably connected to one of the cooling medium outlet pipes 1 and the cooling medium inlet pipes 2 for circulation of the cooling medium in the corresponding cooling medium chambers, so that the cooling medium circulation device can freely and independently circulate the cooling medium to all the cooling medium chambers.
The cooling medium circulating device comprises at least a control system 6 for controlling the flow rate of the cooling medium supplied to the cooling medium inlet pipe 2, the control system 6 is simultaneously used for controlling the opening and closing of a plurality of control valves 11 on a plurality of cooling medium outlet pipes 1, and the control system 6, the temperature detecting device 3 and the flow rate adjusting device are in communication connection.
The cooling medium circulating device further comprises a cooler 4, a temperature sensor 5, a cooling medium storage 7, a circulating pump 8 and a pressure sensor 9 which are connected in sequence, wherein the cooler 4 is used for cooling the cooling medium flowing out from the corresponding cooling medium outlet pipe 1 in the cooling medium cavity, the temperature sensor 5 is used for monitoring the temperature of the cooling medium after the cooling area of the cooler 4, the cooled cooling medium flows back to the cooling medium storage 7, the working state of the circulating pump 8 is controlled by the control system 6 and is used for pumping the cooling medium in the cooling medium storage 7 into the cooling medium inlet pipe 2 and further enters the cooling medium cavity to be used for cooling the cooling medium in the cooling medium cavity, and the pressure sensor 9 is arranged at the outlet of the circulating pump 8 to monitor the pressure of the cooling medium pumped out by the circulating pump 8.
In this embodiment, the heating apparatus 50 includes a heater 501 for heating the test medium in the high-pressure chamber 10a, a pressure monitor 14 for monitoring the pressure in the high-pressure chamber 10a, a temperature monitor 15 for monitoring the temperature of the test medium, and a heating controller 502 for controlling the operating state of the heater 501, and the heater 501 is disposed in the high-pressure chamber 10 a. The temperature monitor 15 is in communication with the heating controller 502, so that the heating controller 502 can control the heater 501 to be turned on or off or the heating power or duration according to the actual temperature of the test medium, so as to maintain the test medium in the high-pressure chamber 10a within a set temperature range. The bottom of the autoclave 10 is further provided with a pump 16, a liquid inlet valve 17 and a liquid outlet valve 18 for pumping in and discharging the test medium in the high pressure chamber 10 a.
When the testing device of the embodiment is used for testing the sealing performance of the sealing gasket 30, the following steps are carried out:
firstly, taking a sealing gasket 30 to be detected, placing the sealing gasket 30 between the end cover flange 202 and the connecting flange 102, and loading and fastening according to the sealing specific pressure requirement of the sealing gasket 30 for the heat exchange equipment so that the sealing gasket 30 is pressed between the end cover flange 202 and the connecting flange 102 along the axial direction;
supplying a test medium into the high-pressure chamber 10a of the autoclave 10; the temperature and the pressure of the test medium in the high-pressure chamber 10a are kept within preset ranges by using the heat supply device 50;
cooling medium is circularly supplied to each cooling medium cavity, and a circulating pump 9 is started to circulate the cooling medium in each cooling medium cavity; the temperature required by each temperature monitoring area is set by the control system 6 according to the temperatures required by different nodes on the circumferential direction of the sealing gasket 30, so that the temperature of each temperature monitoring area is ensured to be within a preset temperature range. Specifically, each temperature detection device 3 collects the temperature of each temperature monitoring area, the flow meter 13 collects the medium flow entering each cooling medium cavity and feeds the medium flow back to the control system 6, and if the actual temperature of a certain temperature monitoring area does not reach the set requirement, the flow entering the cooling medium cavity is adjusted by the corresponding flow adjusting device until the actual temperature of the temperature monitoring area reaches the test requirement value.
The sealing condition at the gasket seal 30 was observed. If the leakage occurs, it indicates that the sealing gasket 30 does not meet the sealing requirement of the heat exchange device. If no leakage occurs, the test state is continuously maintained, that is, the temperature and the pressure of the test medium are kept within the preset range, and the temperature of each temperature monitoring area is ensured to be within the preset temperature range through continuous circulation of the cooling medium, so that the sealing gasket 30 is inspected to observe whether leakage occurs, and the sealing reliability of the sealing gasket is judged according to the time that the sealing gasket 30 can bear the inspection without leakage.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical idea and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A performance test method of a flange sealing gasket for heat exchange equipment is characterized by comprising the following steps: the test method is carried out by adopting a special test device, wherein the test device comprises an autoclave with a high-pressure cavity, a multi-cavity cooler and a sealing gasket for axially sealing between the autoclave and the multi-cavity cooler, the autoclave comprises a cylinder body and a connecting flange, one axial end of the cylinder body is provided with an opening, and the connecting flange is arranged at the opening position on the cylinder body; the multi-cavity cooler comprises a cooling cylinder and an end cover flange, wherein the cooling cylinder is provided with a plurality of cooling medium cavities which are mutually isolated, the end cover flange is arranged at one shaft end of the cooling cylinder and simultaneously seals all the cooling medium cavities, the sealing gasket is arranged between the end cover flange and the connecting flange, a plurality of temperature monitoring areas are arranged on the end cover flange, and one temperature monitoring area is arranged between each cooling medium cavity and the sealing gasket,
each cooling medium cavity is connected with a group of cooling medium outlet pipes and cooling medium inlet pipes, the inspection device also comprises a heat supply device for ensuring that the test medium in the high-pressure cavity is within a set temperature range, a temperature detection device capable of detecting the actual temperature of the temperature monitoring area, a cooling medium circulating device capable of circularly supplying cooling medium to the cooling medium cavities, and a flow regulating device for controlling the flow of the cooling medium entering the cooling medium inlet pipes, and the temperature detection device, the cooling medium circulating device and the flow regulating device are in communication connection,
the test method comprises the following steps:
(1) placing a sealing gasket to be detected between the end cover flange and the connecting flange, and loading and fastening according to the sealing specific pressure requirement of the sealing gasket for the heat exchange equipment so that the sealing gasket is compressed between the end cover flange and the connecting flange along the axial direction;
(2) supplying a test medium into the high-pressure cavity of the autoclave, and keeping the temperature and the pressure of the test medium in the high-pressure cavity within preset ranges;
circularly supplying a cooling medium to each cooling medium cavity to ensure that the temperature of each temperature monitoring area is within a preset temperature range;
(3) observing the sealing condition of the sealing gasket, wherein if leakage occurs, the sealing gasket cannot meet the sealing requirement of the heat exchange equipment; and (3) if no leakage phenomenon exists, continuing to maintain the test state in the step (2), checking the sealing gasket, and judging the sealing reliability of the sealing gasket according to the time for which the density gasket can bear the check without leakage.
2. The performance test method of the flange sealing gasket for the heat exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that: all the cooling medium outlet pipes are arranged in parallel at the inlet end of the cooling medium circulating device, all the cooling medium inlet pipes are arranged in parallel at the outlet end of the cooling medium circulating device, and the cooling medium circulating device is free to independently circulate the cooling medium to all the cooling medium cavities.
3. The performance test method of the flange sealing gasket for the heat exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cooling medium circulating device at least comprises a control system for controlling the supply of the cooling medium to the cooling medium inlet pipe, the control system, the temperature detection device and the flow regulating device are in communication connection, and the control system controls the flow regulating device to change the passing flow according to the actual temperature value detected by the temperature detection device.
4. The performance test method of the flange sealing gasket for the heat exchange equipment according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the cooling medium circulating device further includes:
a cooler for cooling the cooling medium flowing out from the cooling medium outlet pipe;
a cooling medium storage for storing the cooling medium cooled by the cooler;
a circulation pump whose operating state is controlled by the control system for pumping the cooling medium in the cooling medium reservoir into the cooling medium inlet pipe.
5. The performance test method of the flange sealing gasket for the heat exchange device according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the cooling medium circulating device further includes a temperature sensor provided between the cooler and the cooling medium reservoir, the temperature sensor being configured to detect a temperature of the cooling medium cooled by the cooler.
6. The performance test method of the flange sealing gasket for the heat exchange device according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the cooling medium circulating device further includes a pressure sensor provided between the circulating pump and the cooling medium inlet pipe, the pressure sensor being configured to detect a pressure of the cooling medium pumped from the circulating pump into the cooling medium inlet pipe.
7. The performance test method of the flange sealing gasket for the heat exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cooling medium outlet pipe and the cooling medium inlet pipe are respectively connected to two opposite ends of the cooling cylinder in the axial direction, wherein the position where the cooling medium inlet pipe is connected with the cooling cylinder is close to the end cover flange.
8. The performance test method of the flange sealing gasket for the heat exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat supply device comprises a heater for heating the test medium in the high-pressure cavity, a temperature monitor for detecting the temperature of the test medium, and a heating controller for controlling the working state of the heater, wherein the temperature monitor is in communication connection with the heating controller.
9. The performance test method of the flange sealing gasket for the heat exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flow regulating device comprises a flow regulating valve with an adjustable valve port and a flow sensor for monitoring the medium flow entering the cooling medium cavity from the flow regulating valve, and each group of cooling medium inlet pipes is provided with a group of flow regulating valves.
10. The performance test method of the flange sealing gasket for the heat exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: all the cooling medium cavities are sequentially connected along the circumferential direction, and all the temperature monitoring areas are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011581792.8A CN112577733B (en) | 2020-12-28 | 2020-12-28 | Performance test method of flange sealing gasket for heat exchange equipment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011581792.8A CN112577733B (en) | 2020-12-28 | 2020-12-28 | Performance test method of flange sealing gasket for heat exchange equipment |
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| CN112577733A true CN112577733A (en) | 2021-03-30 |
| CN112577733B CN112577733B (en) | 2022-11-25 |
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2020
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