CN112576930A - Safe hydrogenation device based on full-immersion type mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage device and use method - Google Patents

Safe hydrogenation device based on full-immersion type mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage device and use method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112576930A
CN112576930A CN202011598606.1A CN202011598606A CN112576930A CN 112576930 A CN112576930 A CN 112576930A CN 202011598606 A CN202011598606 A CN 202011598606A CN 112576930 A CN112576930 A CN 112576930A
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China
Prior art keywords
water
hydrogen
hydrogenation
sealed
sleeve
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Pending
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CN202011598606.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
梁波
刘亚青
崔磊
谌睿
朱钊
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Changjiang Institute of Survey Planning Design and Research Co Ltd
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Changjiang Institute of Survey Planning Design and Research Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202011598606.1A priority Critical patent/CN112576930A/en
Publication of CN112576930A publication Critical patent/CN112576930A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/12—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures
    • F17C13/123—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures for gas bottles, cylinders or reservoirs for tank vehicles or for railway tank wagons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/08—Mounting arrangements for vessels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a safe hydrogenation device based on a full-immersion mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage device, and relates to the fields of clean energy application and transportation. The hydrogen storage device comprises a water-sealed container, a hydrogen storage tank, a first hydrogen delivery pipe, a first water-sealed sleeve, a second hydrogen delivery pipe, a second water-sealed sleeve and a water-sealed hydrogenation gun arranged on the second water-sealed sleeve; the first hydrogen conveying pipe is connected with the second hydrogen conveying pipe; the first water sealing sleeve is connected with the second water sealing sleeve. The invention puts the hydrogenising hydrogen conveying pipe under water or in water without interruption in the whole course, and sets the safety protection devices and functions of the hydrogenising gun locking device and the leakage collection gas storage room, thereby completely isolating air, harmful static electricity and open fire and realizing complete water isolation protection in the hydrogenising process. The invention also relates to a use method of the safe hydrogenation device based on the full-immersion mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage device.

Description

Safe hydrogenation device based on full-immersion type mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage device and use method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the fields of clean energy application and transportation, in particular to a safe hydrogenation device based on a full-immersion mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage device. The invention also relates to a use method of the safe hydrogenation device based on the full-immersion mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage device.
Background
At present, a 35Mpa or 70Mpa hydrogen storage tank is mostly adopted for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, two or more (heavy-duty trucks or buses) are connected in parallel and are connected to a hydrogen input port of a fuel cell device through a pipeline; the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage tank is a high-pressure container, and the hydrogenation station generally performs multistage pressure hydrogenation under 35Mpa and 70 Mpa; long-time electrostatic discharge process is needed before and after hydrogenation, and if leakage occurs in the hydrogenation process, the leakage can only be quickly discharged into the atmosphere; therefore, the anti-static and open fire of the hydrogenation station and the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage tank, the hydrogenation process and the like have very high requirements, so that the hydrogenation safety measures are more, the steps are complex, the time consumption is long (the hydrogenation only takes 3 minutes, and the whole process can exceed 30 minutes); the specific limitations are shown as follows:
1) for on-board hydrogen storage systems, the primary hazardous characteristic is leakage causing high pressure explosions. In terms of the pressure of the hydrogen storage tank, the pressure is generally more than 35MPa, and the hydrogen storage tank is provided with an overpressure relief device, a collision sensor, overcurrent and overtemperature protection and the like, so that the safety of the hydrogen storage tank is fully ensured.
2) Before hydrogenation, when a vehicle is driven into a hydrogenation station, the vehicle body inevitably carries a large amount of static electricity, and particularly, static electricity removal of non-metal components such as tires is difficult and takes a long time.
3) Vehicles and hydrogenation facilities require a place with good ventilation, even a design without a ceiling or a butterfly-shaped ceiling, so as to ensure that hydrogen can be rapidly diffused into the atmosphere and avoid explosion caused by the accumulation of the hydrogen.
4) In addition, to ensure safety in the event of hydrogen leakage, the conductor housing of the fuel cell vehicle must be reliably connected to ground to prevent the generation of static electricity to ignite the hydrogen.
The above characteristics all put high demands on the storage of the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle and the arrangement of equipment in the hydrogenation station.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a safe hydrogenation device based on a fully immersed mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage device, which has high safety in explosion prevention, leakage detection and static electricity isolation and greatly simplifies corresponding equipment facilities.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the invention is to overcome the defects of the background technology, and provide a safe hydrogenation device based on a full-immersion mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage device.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a use method of the safe hydrogenation device based on the full-immersion mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage device.
In order to achieve the first object, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: safe hydrogenation unit based on-vehicle hydrogen storage device of formula removal is soaked entirely, its characterized in that: the hydrogen storage device comprises a water-sealed container positioned in a vehicle, a hydrogen storage tank positioned in the water-sealed container, a first hydrogen delivery pipe positioned in the vehicle and connected with the hydrogen storage tank, a first water-sealed sleeve pipe sleeved on the first hydrogen delivery pipe and connected with the water-sealed container, a second hydrogen delivery pipe positioned outside the vehicle, a second water-sealed sleeve pipe sleeved on the second hydrogen delivery pipe, and a water-sealed hydrogenation gun arranged on the second water-sealed sleeve pipe;
the first hydrogen conveying pipe is detachably connected with the second hydrogen conveying pipe;
the first water sealing sleeve is detachably connected with the second water sealing sleeve;
the first hydrogen delivery pipe and the first water-tight sleeve are detachably connected with the second hydrogen delivery pipe and the second water-tight sleeve through a double-flange communicator; the double-flange communicator comprises an inner-layer flange communicator positioned on the first hydrogen conveying pipe and the second hydrogen conveying pipe and an outer-layer flange communicator positioned on the first water-sealed sleeve and the second water-sealed sleeve;
the water-sealed hydrogenation gun comprises a leakage collection gas storage room and a hydrogenation gun locking device positioned on a second hydrogen conveying pipe in the water-sealed hydrogenation gun.
In the above technical solution, an observation window is provided on the leakage collection air storage room.
In the technical scheme, a hydrogen sensor is arranged in the leakage collection gas storage room.
In order to achieve the second object, the invention has the technical scheme that: the use method of the safe hydrogenation device based on the full-immersion mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: firstly, a first hydrogen conveying pipe is communicated with a second hydrogen conveying pipe through an inner-layer flange communicator, namely, the first hydrogen conveying pipe is communicated with a hydrogenation loop; then the first water-tight casing pipe is communicated with the second water-tight casing pipe through an outer flange communicator, namely a water communication loop is communicated;
step 2: firstly, injecting water into a water-sealed container through a second water-sealed sleeve and a first water-sealed sleeve, and adding hydrogen into a hydrogen storage tank through a water-sealed hydrogenation gun when a hydrogenation loop is in a full-immersion state;
and step 3: after filling, closing a hydrogenation loop of the water-sealed hydrogenation gun, closing and separating the inner-layer flange communicator, closing the outer-layer flange communicator, sequentially reversing the double-flange communicator from inside to outside, withdrawing the water-sealed hydrogenation gun from a hydrogenation port of the vehicle, completing the whole hydrogenation process, and avoiding electrostatic discharge treatment in the whole process;
and 4, step 4: in the hydrogenation process, when a small amount of hydrogen leaks from a water-sealed hydrogenation gun, the hydrogen is collected by a leakage collection gas storage chamber, the hydrogen leakage condition is observed through an observation window, the leaked hydrogen is captured by a hydrogen sensor and sends out a locking signal, and a locking device of the hydrogenation gun is started to close a hydrogenation loop.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) the invention puts the hydrogenising hydrogen conveying pipe under water or in water without interruption in the whole course, and sets the safety protection devices and functions of the hydrogenising gun locking device and the leakage collection gas storage room, thereby completely isolating air, harmful static electricity and open fire and realizing complete water isolation protection in the hydrogenising process.
2) The invention does not need special anti-static and discharge static treatment, and is leak-proof and easy to monitor; the hydrogenation is really realized just like natural oil, and the whole process of the hydrogenation is really realized only in 3 minutes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a point a in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention, but are merely exemplary. While the advantages of the invention will be apparent and readily appreciated by the description.
With reference to the accompanying drawings: safe hydrogenation unit based on-vehicle hydrogen storage device of formula removal is soaked entirely, its characterized in that: the hydrogen storage device comprises a water-sealed container 1 positioned in a vehicle, a hydrogen storage tank 11 positioned in the water-sealed container 1, a first hydrogen delivery pipe 21 positioned in the vehicle and connected with the hydrogen storage tank 11, a first water-sealed sleeve 31 sleeved on the first hydrogen delivery pipe 21 and connected with the water-sealed container 1, a second hydrogen delivery pipe 22 positioned outside the vehicle, a second water-sealed sleeve 32 sleeved on the second hydrogen delivery pipe 22, and a water-sealed hydrogenation gun 4 arranged on the second water-sealed sleeve 32;
the first hydrogen conveying pipe 21 is detachably connected with the second hydrogen conveying pipe 22;
the first water sealing sleeve 31 is detachably connected with the second water sealing sleeve 32.
The first hydrogen conveying pipe 21 and the first water-tight sleeve 31 are detachably connected with the second hydrogen conveying pipe 22 and the second water-tight sleeve 32 through the double-flange communicator 5; the double-flange communicator 5 comprises an inner-layer flange communicator 51 positioned on the first hydrogen conveying pipe 21 and the second hydrogen conveying pipe 22, and an outer-layer flange communicator 52 positioned on the first water-sealing sleeve 31 and the second water-sealing sleeve 32.
The water-sealed hydrogenation gun 4 comprises a leakage collection gas storage room 41 and a hydrogenation gun locking device 42 which is positioned on the second hydrogen conveying pipe 22 in the water-sealed hydrogenation gun 4.
The leak collection plenum 41 has a viewing window 411.
The leak collection/storage space 41 is provided with a hydrogen sensor 43.
In practical use, the hydrogen storage tank 11 is a conventional medium-high pressure gaseous storage device and is used for hydrogen transportation of a long-tube trailer; the metal material or the novel light composite material is adopted, and the related requirements need to meet related standards and regulations such as GB 4962 + 2008 'technical code for hydrogen use safety'.
The water seal container 1 is customized according to the shape of the hydrogen storage tank 11, and can be a single hydrogen storage tank water seal container (such as a water tank) or a water seal container shared by a plurality of hydrogen storage tanks 11 (when arranged side by side); the shell of the water sealing container 1 can be made of rustproof metal materials such as stainless steel, pure aluminum and the like, and can also be made of materials which can well bear hydrogen such as organic plastics and the like; the shell of the water-tight container 1 has water-tight/air-tight conditions under normal air pressure; the water seal container 1 is provided with a transparent observation window (column) at a convenient position for observing the gas leakage condition of the inner hydrogen storage tank 11.
The first water-sealed sleeve 31 and the second water-sealed sleeve 32 are customized according to the outer diameters of the first hydrogen transmission pipe 21 and the second hydrogen transmission pipe 22, and can be a single water-sealed sleeve of a single pipeline or a water-sealed sleeve shared by a plurality of hydrogen transmission pipelines (in a common-path serial arrangement); the shell of the water sealing sleeve can be made of rustproof metal materials such as stainless steel, pure aluminum and the like, and can also be made of materials which can well bear hydrogen such as organic plastics and the like; the water-tight casing has a watertight/airtight condition under normal air pressure. The water seal casing is provided with a transparent observation window (column) at a convenient position for collecting and observing the gas leakage condition of the internal hydrogen transport pipe.
The double-flange communicator 5 adopts a structure of a water (outer layer) and hydrogen (inner layer) double-flange communicator.
The water-sealed hydrogenation gun 4 is used for controlling and implementing hydrogenation and is generally provided with two stages of 35Mpa and 70 Mpa.
The leakage collection gas storage room 41 is used for collecting a small amount of leaked hydrogen when the double-flange communicating vessel 5 is not sealed enough.
The observation window 411 is used for observing the hydrogen leakage condition of the corresponding flange connection part of the leakage collection gas storage room 41.
The hydrogenation gun locking device 42 is used for sending a closing signal and an instruction in time when detecting that hydrogen leakage occurs in the double-flange communicator 5 in the hydrogenation process, and simultaneously quickly closing a hydrogenation loop.
The hydrogen sensor 43 is used to monitor the gas signal in the leak collection plenum 41 so that gas leaks can be monitored instrumentally in addition to observation.
The use method of the safe hydrogenation device based on the full-immersion mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage device comprises the following steps:
step 1: firstly, the first hydrogen conveying pipe 21 and the second hydrogen conveying pipe 22 are communicated through an inner-layer flange communicator 51, namely, a hydrogenation loop is communicated; then the first water-tight casing 31 and the second water-tight casing 32 are communicated through the outer flange communicator 52, namely a water communication loop is communicated;
step 2: firstly, injecting water into a water-sealed container 1 through a second water-sealed sleeve 32 and a first water-sealed sleeve 31, and when a hydrogenation loop is in a full-immersion state (a full-immersion water level scale mark is arranged on a double-flange communicator 5), hydrogenating the hydrogen storage tank 11 through a water-sealed hydrogenation gun 4;
and step 3: after the filling is finished, a hydrogenation loop of the water-sealed hydrogenation gun 4 is closed, the inner-layer flange communicator 51 is closed and separated, the outer-layer flange communicator 52 is closed, the double-flange communicator 5 is sequentially reversed from inside to outside, the water-sealed hydrogenation gun 4 exits from a hydrogenation port of a vehicle, the whole hydrogenation process is finished, and electrostatic discharge treatment is not needed in the whole process;
and 4, step 4: in the hydrogenation process, when a small amount of hydrogen leaks from the water-sealed hydrogenation gun 4, the hydrogen is collected by the leakage-monitoring collection gas storage room 41, the hydrogen leakage condition (bubble generation) is observed through the observation window 411, the hydrogen is captured by the hydrogen sensor 43, a locking signal is sent out, the hydrogenation gun locking device 42 is started, and the hydrogenation loop is closed.
Other parts not described belong to the prior art.

Claims (4)

1. Safe hydrogenation unit based on-vehicle hydrogen storage device of formula removal is soaked entirely, its characterized in that: the hydrogen storage device comprises a water seal container (1) positioned in a vehicle, a hydrogen storage tank (11) positioned in the water seal container (1), a first hydrogen delivery pipe (21) positioned in the vehicle and connected with the hydrogen storage tank (11), a first water seal sleeve (31) sleeved on the first hydrogen delivery pipe (21) and connected with the water seal container (1), a second hydrogen delivery pipe (22) positioned outside the vehicle, a second water seal sleeve (32) sleeved on the second hydrogen delivery pipe (22), and a water seal hydrogenation gun (4) arranged on the second water seal sleeve (32);
the first hydrogen conveying pipe (21) is detachably connected with the second hydrogen conveying pipe (22);
the first water sealing sleeve (31) is detachably connected with the second water sealing sleeve (32);
the first hydrogen conveying pipe (21) and the first water-tight sleeve (31) are detachably connected with the second hydrogen conveying pipe (22) and the second water-tight sleeve (32) through a double-flange communicator (5); the double-flange communicator (5) comprises an inner-layer flange communicator (51) positioned on the first hydrogen conveying pipe (21) and the second hydrogen conveying pipe (22) and an outer-layer flange communicator (52) positioned on the first water-sealed sleeve (31) and the second water-sealed sleeve (32);
the water-sealed hydrogenation gun (4) comprises a leakage collection gas storage room (41) and a hydrogenation gun locking device (42) which is positioned on a second hydrogen conveying pipe (22) in the water-sealed hydrogenation gun (4).
2. The safe hydrogenation device based on the fully-immersed mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the leakage collection gas storage room (41) is provided with an observation window (411).
3. The safe hydrogenation device based on the fully-immersed mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: and a hydrogen sensor (43) is arranged in the leakage collection gas storage room (41).
4. The use method of the safe hydrogenation device based on the fully-immersed mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: firstly, a first hydrogen conveying pipe (21) is communicated with a second hydrogen conveying pipe (22) through an inner-layer flange communicator (51), namely, the first hydrogen conveying pipe is communicated with a hydrogenation loop; communicating the first water-sealing sleeve (31) and the second water-sealing sleeve (32) through an outer-layer flange communicator (52), namely communicating a water loop;
step 2: firstly, water is injected into a water-sealed container 1 through a second water-sealed sleeve (32) and a first water-sealed sleeve (31), and when a hydrogenation loop is in a full-immersion state, hydrogenation is carried out on a hydrogen storage tank (11) through a water-sealed hydrogenation gun (4);
and step 3: after filling, a hydrogenation loop of the water-sealed hydrogenation gun (4) is closed, an inner-layer flange communicator (51) is closed and separated, an outer-layer flange communicator (52) is closed, the double-flange communicator (5) is sequentially reversed from inside to outside, the water-sealed hydrogenation gun (4) is withdrawn from a hydrogenation port of a vehicle, the whole hydrogenation process is completed, and electrostatic discharge treatment is not needed in the whole process;
and 4, step 4: in the hydrogenation process, when a small amount of hydrogen leaks from the water-sealed hydrogenation gun (4), the hydrogen is collected by the leakage collection gas storage room (41), the hydrogen leakage condition is observed through the observation window (411), the leaked hydrogen is captured by the hydrogen sensor (43) and sends out a locking signal, and the hydrogenation gun locking device (42) is started to close a hydrogenation loop.
CN202011598606.1A 2020-12-29 2020-12-29 Safe hydrogenation device based on full-immersion type mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage device and use method Pending CN112576930A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011598606.1A CN112576930A (en) 2020-12-29 2020-12-29 Safe hydrogenation device based on full-immersion type mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage device and use method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011598606.1A CN112576930A (en) 2020-12-29 2020-12-29 Safe hydrogenation device based on full-immersion type mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage device and use method

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CN112576930A true CN112576930A (en) 2021-03-30

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