CN112576260B - Arch cover method tunnel entering construction method and arch cover method tunnel entering supporting structure - Google Patents
Arch cover method tunnel entering construction method and arch cover method tunnel entering supporting structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN112576260B CN112576260B CN202011466579.2A CN202011466579A CN112576260B CN 112576260 B CN112576260 B CN 112576260B CN 202011466579 A CN202011466579 A CN 202011466579A CN 112576260 B CN112576260 B CN 112576260B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/02—Non-telescopic props
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
Abstract
The invention provides an arch cover method cave entrance construction method and a cave entrance support structure by an arch cover method, wherein a portal-shaped support is erected as a support along with excavation in the process of excavating a main cave conversion channel B, a second support structure is erected to strengthen the support after the main cave conversion channel B is excavated, and a primary support ring beam, a first longitudinal beam, a pillar beam and an arch foot longitudinal beam made of reinforced concrete are poured finally, wherein the primary support ring beam, the first longitudinal beam and the arch foot longitudinal beam can stably support the second support structure, the primary support ring beam, the first longitudinal beam and the pillar beam greatly improve the support strength of the junction of the main cave conversion channel B and the construction channel A, the conversion of a stress system is stable and reliable, and the construction safety is ensured. Demolish the stand of door type support after the construction is accomplished, the normal excavation construction of entering main shaft hole that can be smooth and easy, to the main shaft hole slag tap, feeding and mechanical operation space do not have the influence, for the main shaft hole construction provides sufficient construction space, guarantees the efficiency of construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction by an arch cover method, in particular to a tunnel entering construction method by the arch cover method and a tunnel entering supporting structure by the arch cover method.
Background
The bedrock burial depth of partial urban areas of China is shallow, so that the problems of pipeline relocation, greening migration, traffic jam and the like caused by conventional open excavation or cover excavation construction are solved, and the use frequency of the large-span underground excavation construction method for urban rail transit is higher and higher; limited by the buried depth of a line and the lifting height of a station building, a major structure of a large-span underground excavation tunnel is located in a rock stratum with a soft upper part and a hard lower part, namely a vault is located in strongly weathered and moderately weathered rocks, a vault foot is located in moderately weathered or slightly weathered rocks, and a major part of the major structure is located in moderately weathered and slightly weathered rocks.
The traditional construction method of the large-span underground excavation tunnel comprises a double-side-wall pit guiding method, a hole pile (column) method and the like, but with the development of underground excavation technology, an arch cover method which integrates the design concepts of arch bridges and a subway cover excavation sequential construction method is adopted in urban subways such as Qingdao, Chongqing and Guiyang on a large scale.
The existing construction technology of the arch cover method can refer to the invention application with the application number of 201110078398.7, the invention application with the application number of 201210129678.0, the invention application with the application number of 201910423816.8 and the like, an inclined shaft or a vertical shaft is generally adopted as a construction channel to enter a tunnel main tunnel of the arch cover method, and in the process, excavation procedures, supporting measures and a stress system need to be converted for many times, so that the conversion structure is very complex, and the construction technology becomes a key node for the successful implementation of the arch cover method.
CN107975383A discloses an excavation supporting construction method for T-shaped intersections of underground caverns, the invention application with the application number of 201910787403.8 discloses a construction method for enlarging arch springing and primarily supporting arch covers, and steel supporting structures are adopted to support the intersections of main tunnels and branch tunnels. Because the subsurface excavation construction steering involves stress conversion, the stratum load is converted from an X axis to a Y axis, the steering is 90, the stress in the original direction in the steering process must be ensured by a stable support, the support after steering can fall on a stable support system, and the construction method only adopts a steel support structure as the support, so that the safety degree is not high enough. In addition, adopt a plurality of door type supports to support when advancing the hole, the length direction of the top crossbeam of door type support is unanimous with the length direction in tunnel, when subsequent main entrance construction, needs the continuous dregs of discharging, and equipment and personnel will pass in and out the main entrance simultaneously, and door type support can hinder the business turn over of equipment and personnel, is unfavorable for guaranteeing the efficiency of construction.
In the tunnel main tunnel construction of a soft rock stratum, concrete cross beams are arranged at two ends of an arch foot in part of the prior art and are used for reinforcing the rock stratum, for example, the invention patent with the application number of 201811601157.4 discloses an arch foot reinforcing structure of a subway station underground excavated by an arch cover method, which comprises a first layer of arch cover support, a second layer of arch cover support, arch foot piles and arch foot longitudinal beams, wherein the first layer of arch cover support and the second layer of arch cover support are sequentially arranged above a secondary lining of the subway station, the arch foot piles are arranged at the arch feet at the left side and the right side of the second layer of arch cover support, and the arch foot longitudinal beams are connected with the arch foot piles into a whole; the arch foot pile body is arranged along the tangent line of the arch foot; the arch foot pile consists of a section steel framework and fine aggregate concrete poured in a steel wall and a pile hole of the section steel framework; and the arch foot longitudinal beams are longitudinally arranged on the left side and the right side of the second layer of arch cover support along the subway station. The arch springing longitudinal beam in the construction method is a conventional horizontal beam, can only reinforce rock stratum and improve the strength of the rock stratum, thereby strengthening the stability of support, and the technology is used for excavating main holes, does not relate to stress conversion of entering holes, equipment and personnel need to enter the main holes from a construction channel during hole entering construction, and needs to consider the conversion of a stress system, so that the support difficulty is higher, and the requirement on the support is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an arch cover method tunnel entering construction method and an arch cover method tunnel entering supporting structure, which simplify a stress conversion structure, can stably support an arch cover and improve safety.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the method for constructing the hole by the arch cover method comprises
S1, excavating a horizontal construction channel A, wherein the construction channel A is vertical to the main tunnel, and a first supporting structure is erected in the construction channel A;
s2, after the construction channel A reaches the main tunnel conversion channel B, raising by one roof truss and excavating the main tunnel conversion channel B, wherein the main tunnel conversion channel B is positioned at the upper part of the main tunnel and supports the arch crown along with the excavation of the erected portal-shaped support;
s3, after the excavation of the main tunnel conversion channel B is completed, arranging an arched second supporting structure at the arch crown, wherein a distance is formed between one end, close to the construction channel A, of the second supporting structure and the top of the construction channel A, a primary support ring beam steel bar is arranged in the distance, the lower end of the primary support ring beam steel bar is connected with a horizontal first longitudinal beam steel bar, two ends of the first longitudinal beam steel bar are connected with vertical pillar beam steel bars, and one end, far away from the construction channel A, of the second supporting structure extends to the arch springing and is connected with arch springing longitudinal beam steel bars;
s4, pouring a primary support ring beam, a first longitudinal beam, a pillar beam and an arch foot longitudinal beam, wherein the pillar beam is positioned on the ground of the construction channel A;
and S5, after the strength of the primary support ring beam, the first longitudinal beam, the pillar beam and the arch foot longitudinal beam reaches the design requirement, breaking the door-shaped support in the main tunnel conversion channel B and performing main tunnel construction according to an arch cover method.
Further, the top of the construction channel is higher than or equal to the arch springing of the main tunnel and lower than the highest point of the arch of the main tunnel.
Further, in step S1, the first supporting structure is a steel frame, and after the steel frame is erected, fourth concrete is sprayed.
Further, in step S3, the setting process of the second supporting structure is: erecting an arched first layer of primary support steel frames at the arch top of the main tunnel conversion channel B and reserving connecting ribs, wherein one end of the first layer of primary support steel frames extends to the intersection of the construction channel A and the main tunnel conversion channel B and is connected with a lock leg steel frame and a lock leg expansion shell type anchor rod, the lock leg expansion shell type anchor rod is anchored in a rock body, the other end of the first layer of primary support steel frames extends to an arch leg and is supported on the arch leg rock surface, and then spraying first concrete;
after waiting that first concrete reaches design strength, erect second floor primary frame below first floor primary frame, second floor primary frame passes through the splice bar and links to each other with first floor primary frame, then connects first longeron reinforcing bar at second floor primary frame near the one end of construction passageway A, and the arch foot longeron reinforcing bar is connected to the other end.
Further, in step S5, after the strength of the primary support ring beam, the first longitudinal beam, the pillar beam and the arch foot longitudinal beam meets the design requirement, spraying second concrete to the second layer of primary support steel frame; and after the strength of the second concrete reaches the design requirement, breaking the door-shaped support in the main tunnel conversion channel B and performing main tunnel construction according to an arch cover method.
Further, in step S2, after the gate frames are set, the third concrete is sprayed.
The arch cover method tunnel entering supporting structure comprises a construction channel A and a main tunnel conversion channel B, wherein the construction channel A is horizontal and vertical to the main tunnel, and a first supporting structure is arranged in the construction channel A; the tunnel is characterized in that the tunnel conversion channel B is communicated with the construction channel A, a plurality of door-shaped supports are arranged in the tunnel conversion channel B, a top cross beam of each door-shaped support is in contact with a vault of the tunnel conversion channel B, an arched second supporting structure is arranged below the top cross beam, one end, far away from the construction channel A, of the second supporting structure extends to a vault and is connected with a vault longitudinal beam, one end, close to the construction channel A, of the second supporting structure is connected with a primary supporting ring beam, the lower end of the primary supporting ring beam is connected with a first longitudinal beam, two ends of the first longitudinal beam are provided with supporting column beams, and the supporting column beams are supported by the ground of the construction channel A.
Further, the door-shaped support comprises a top cross beam and upright columns located at two ends of the top cross beam, and an inclined reinforcing beam is arranged between each upright column and the top cross beam.
Further, the second supporting structure comprises an arched first-layer primary support steel frame, one end of the first-layer primary support steel frame extends to the arch springing, the other end of the first-layer primary support steel frame extends to the intersection of the construction channel A and the main tunnel conversion channel B and is connected with a locking leg steel frame and a locking leg expansion shell type anchor rod, the locking leg expansion shell type anchor rod is anchored into a rock body, the other end of the first-layer primary support steel frame is supported on the arch springing rock surface, and the first-layer primary support steel frame is coated by first concrete; the lower part of the first layer primary support steel frame is provided with a second layer primary support steel frame, the second layer primary support steel frame is connected with the first layer primary support steel frame through a connecting rib, one end of the second layer primary support steel frame, which is close to the construction channel A, is connected with a support ring beam, the other end is connected with an arch foot longitudinal beam, and the second layer primary support steel frame is coated by second concrete.
Further, the first support structure is a steel frame, and the steel frame is coated by fourth concrete.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, a portal bracket is erected as a support along with excavation in the process of excavating the main tunnel conversion channel B, after the main tunnel conversion channel B is excavated, a second support structure is erected for strengthening the support, and a primary support ring beam, a first longitudinal beam, a pillar beam and an arch springing longitudinal beam made of reinforced concrete are poured finally, wherein the primary support ring beam, the first longitudinal beam and the arch springing longitudinal beam can stably support the second support structure, and the primary support ring beam, the first longitudinal beam and the pillar beam greatly improve the support strength at the joint of the main tunnel conversion channel B and the construction channel A, so that the conversion of a stress system is stable and reliable, and the construction safety is ensured. Demolish the stand of door type support after the construction is accomplished, the normal excavation construction of entering main shaft hole that can be smooth and easy, to the main shaft hole slag tap, feeding and mechanical operation space do not have the influence, for the main shaft hole construction provides sufficient construction space, guarantees the efficiency of construction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a main tunnel transfer passage B excavation;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the entry support;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the entry support;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a gantry;
FIG. 5 is a side view schematic illustration of a first stringer and a pillar beam;
reference numerals: the construction method comprises the following steps of a construction channel A, a main tunnel conversion channel B, a tunnel main tunnel lower step C, a tunnel main tunnel standard section D, a steel frame 11, fourth concrete 12, a stand column 21, a top cross beam 22, third concrete 23, a first layer primary support steel frame 31, a connecting rib 3a, first concrete 32, a lock leg steel frame 33, a lock leg expansion shell type anchor rod 34, a second layer primary support steel frame 41, a first longitudinal beam 42, a support column beam 43, an arch leg longitudinal beam 44, second concrete 45 and a primary support ring beam 46.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
The arch cover method tunnel entering supporting structure comprises a construction channel A and a main tunnel conversion channel B, wherein the construction channel A is horizontal and vertical to a main tunnel, the construction difficulty of the construction channel A is reduced, a first supporting structure is arranged in the construction channel A, the first supporting structure is a steel frame 11, and the steel frame 11 is coated by fourth concrete 12. The main tunnel conversion channel B is communicated with the construction channel A, a plurality of door-shaped supports are arranged in the main tunnel conversion channel B, a top cross beam 22 of each door-shaped support is in contact with the vault of the main tunnel conversion channel B, an arched second supporting structure is arranged below the top cross beam 22, one end, far away from the construction channel A, of the second supporting structure extends to the arch springing position and is connected with an arch springing longitudinal beam 44, one end, close to the construction channel A, of the second supporting structure is connected with a primary support ring beam 46, the lower end of the primary support ring beam 46 is connected with a first longitudinal beam 42, two ends of the first longitudinal beam 42 are provided with support beam 43, and the support beam 43 is supported by the ground of the construction channel A.
By constructing a stress conversion supporting system consisting of the primary support ring beam 46, the first longitudinal beam 42, the pillar beam 43, the arch springing longitudinal beam 44 and the second supporting structure, the arch crown of the main tunnel conversion channel B and the intersection of the main tunnel conversion channel B and the construction channel A can be stably supported, and the safety and the stability of the supporting system are improved.
The second supporting structure can be an existing conventional steel supporting structure, preferably, the second supporting structure comprises an arched first-layer primary-support steel frame 31, one end of the first-layer primary-support steel frame 31 extends to an arch springing, the other end of the first-layer primary-support steel frame 31 extends to the intersection of the construction channel A and the main tunnel conversion channel B and is connected with a lock leg steel frame 33 and a lock leg expansion shell type anchor rod 34, the lock leg expansion shell type anchor rod 34 is anchored into a rock body, the other end of the first-layer primary-support steel frame 31 is supported on the surface of the arch springing, and the first-layer primary-support steel frame 31 is covered by a first concrete 32; the below of first layer primary frame 31 is provided with second floor primary frame 41, and second floor primary frame 41 links to each other with first layer primary frame 31 through splice bar 3a, and second floor primary frame 41 is close to the one end of construction passageway A and connects primary ring roof beam 46, and the hunch foot longeron 44 is connected to the other end, second floor primary frame 41 is wrapped by second concrete 45.
Through setting up two-layer support steelframe, can improve and strut intensity, two-layer support steelframe is connected with cast-in-place roof beam and is become a whole, and it is high to strut intensity, and the security is better.
The method for constructing the hole by the arch cover method comprises
S1, excavating a horizontal construction channel A, wherein the construction channel A is perpendicular to the main tunnel, excavating the construction channel A in a conventional mode, and erecting a first supporting structure in the construction channel A. The top of the construction channel A is higher than or equal to the arch springing position of the main tunnel and lower than the highest point of the arch crown of the main tunnel, so that a follow-up cast-in-place beam system is ensured to be at a proper height, the intersection of the construction channel A and the main tunnel conversion channel B is stably supported, stable stress system conversion is realized, and the safety is improved.
The first supporting structure is a conventional supporting structure, specifically, the first supporting structure can be a steel frame 11 arranged at the top of the construction channel A, and after the steel frame 11 is erected, fourth concrete 12 is sprayed to improve the supporting strength.
And S2, after the construction channel A reaches the main tunnel conversion channel B, raising by one roof truss and excavating the main tunnel conversion channel B, wherein the main tunnel conversion channel B is positioned at the upper part of the main tunnel and supports the arch crown by erecting a door-shaped support along with excavation, as shown in figure 1.
The main tunnel conversion channel B is located in the range of the main tunnel, the top of the main tunnel conversion channel B is arched, the outline of the arch crown is corresponding to the outline of the arch crown of the main tunnel, the main tunnel conversion channel B is lifted and excavated one by one in order to form the arch crown, a portal-shaped support is erected along with excavation in order to support the arch crown in time, as shown in figure 4, the portal-shaped support comprises a top cross beam 22 and upright columns 21 located at two ends of the top cross beam 22, and an inclined reinforcing beam is arranged between the upright columns 21 and the top cross beam 22. The length direction of the top cross beam 22 is consistent with that of the main tunnel, the arch crown can be supported, and after the portal-shaped support is erected, third concrete 23 is sprayed, so that the supporting strength is improved. The portal supports are erected from the tail end of the construction channel A, namely a few portal supports are located in the construction channel A, all the portal supports are connected into a whole through the third concrete 23, the intersection of the construction channel A and the main tunnel conversion channel B can be reinforced, and rock strata at the intersection fall and collapse. In addition, the door-shaped support can be easily transited to the main tunnel conversion channel B from the construction channel A, only the door-shaped supports with different heights need to be prepared according to the height of the vault of the main tunnel conversion channel B, the transition conversion of the supporting structure is very convenient, and the construction efficiency is favorably improved.
S3, the door type support can only be as preliminary bracing, consequently, after positive cave conversion passageway B excavation was accomplished, set up arched second supporting construction at the vault, the second supporting construction has the interval near having between one end of construction passageway A and the construction passageway A top, set up the first collar girder reinforcing bar in this interval, the first longeron reinforcing bar of horizontally is connected to the lower extreme of first collar girder reinforcing bar, vertical pillar girder reinforcing bar is connected at the both ends of first longeron reinforcing bar, the one end that construction passageway A was kept away from to the second supporting construction extends to the hunch foot and is connected with hunch foot longeron reinforcing bar.
The second bracing structure may be a conventional steel bracing structure, as a preferred embodiment: the setting process of the second supporting structure is as follows: an arched first-layer primary support steel frame 31 is erected at the arch top of the main tunnel conversion channel B, a connecting rib 3a is reserved, one end of the first-layer primary support steel frame 31 extends to the intersection of the construction channel A and the main tunnel conversion channel B and is connected with a lock foot steel frame 33 and a lock foot expansion shell type anchor rod 34, the lock foot expansion shell type anchor rod 34 is anchored into a rock body, the other end of the first-layer primary support steel frame 31 extends to an arch foot and is supported on the surface of the arch foot rock, and then first concrete 32 is sprayed.
After first concrete 32 reaches design strength, erect second floor primary frame 41 below first floor primary frame 31, second floor primary frame 41 links to each other with first floor primary frame 31 through splice bar 3a, then connects first longeron reinforcing bar at second floor primary frame 41 near the one end of construction passageway A, and the longeron reinforcing bar is connected to the other end.
The first-layer primary support steel frame 31 is located on the lower surface of the fourth concrete 12, covers the whole arch crown, supports the arch crown in an all-dimensional mode, and improves stability of the first-layer primary support steel frame 31 by arranging the lock foot steel frame 33 and the lock foot expansion type anchor rod 34. The second floor primary support steelframe 41 is located the lower surface of first concrete 32, and the second floor primary support steelframe 41 links to each other with first floor primary support steelframe 31 through splice bar 3a for first floor primary support steelframe 31 and second floor primary support steelframe 41 become a whole, improve and strut intensity. Just prop ring roof beam 46 and hunch foot longeron 44 and be located the both ends of second floor's first steelframe 41 respectively and be connected as a whole through reinforcing bar and second floor's first steelframe 41 for just prop ring roof beam 46 and hunch foot longeron 44 not only can strengthen strutting to second floor's first steelframe 41, can also support first floor's first steelframe 31 steadily, guarantee the stability of whole support system. The lower end faces of the arch springing longitudinal beam 44 and the first layer primary support steel frame 31 are both positioned on the rock stratum at the arch springing position.
S4, casting the primary support ring beam 46, the first longitudinal beam 42, the pillar beam 43 and the arch longitudinal beam 44, wherein the pillar beam 43 is located on the ground of the construction channel a, as shown in fig. 2 and 3.
Generally speaking, the vault supporting structure needs to cover the vault, but the junction of the main tunnel conversion channel B and the construction channel A is a weak point and needs higher supporting strength, so that a space is formed between the second supporting structure and the top of the construction channel A, primary support ring beam steel bars are arranged in the space and are matched with the vault of the main tunnel conversion channel B, and the vault can be powerfully supported after the primary support ring beams 46 are poured. The upper end of the primary support ring beam steel bar is connected with a second support structure, the lower end of the primary support ring beam steel bar is connected with a first longitudinal beam steel bar, two ends of the first longitudinal beam steel bar are connected with strut beam steel bars, the other end of the second support structure is connected with an arch foot longitudinal beam steel bar, after concrete is poured, the second support structure, the primary support ring beam 46, the first longitudinal beam 42, the strut beam 43 and the arch foot longitudinal beam 44 are connected into a whole, the strength is high, stable and reliable support can be formed on an arch top, particularly, the weak part of the junction of a main tunnel conversion channel B and a construction channel A is formed, stratum load is turned at the weak part, the primary support ring beam 46 and the first longitudinal beam 42 can effectively support, the strut beam 43 supports the first longitudinal beam 42, acting force is transmitted to the primary support ring beam 46 and the first longitudinal beam 42 through the second support structure, then transmitted to the strut beam 43 through the first longitudinal beam 42, and finally transmitted to the ground of the construction channel A through the first longitudinal beam 42, compared with the longitudinal beam which is generally arranged on the rock stratum at the arch springing of the main cave, the bearing capacity of the primary support ring beam 46 and the first longitudinal beam 42 can be greatly improved, and the reliable stress system conversion is ensured. In addition, as shown in fig. 5, the primary support ring beam 46 and the support beam 43 are door-shaped when viewed from the side, and a sufficient space is provided between the two support beams 43, so that it is ensured that construction equipment, personnel, muck, etc. can enter and exit the main tunnel conversion passage B from the construction passage a.
And S5, after the strength of the primary support ring beam 46, the first longitudinal beam 42, the pillar beam 43 and the arch foot longitudinal beam 44 meets the design requirements, spraying second concrete 45 to the second layer of primary support steel frame 41, reinforcing and supporting the second concrete 45, and improving the connection strength of the second layer of primary support steel frame 41 and the primary support ring beam 46. After the strength of the second concrete 45 reaches the design requirement, the supporting system has enough supporting strength, and the supporting function of the door-shaped support is replaced, so that the door-shaped support in the main tunnel conversion channel B can be broken and the main tunnel construction can be carried out according to the arch cover method, specifically, the upright post 21 of the door-shaped support is broken, an enough construction space is obtained, the upright post 21 is prevented from influencing equipment, personnel and slag to enter and exit the main tunnel conversion channel B, and the top cross beam 22 of the door-shaped support is reserved.
In conclusion, the cast-in-place beam and steel frame combined supporting system is adopted for the weak area at the intersection of the construction channel A and the main tunnel conversion channel B, so that the large acting force can be borne, the strength of the supporting system is greatly improved, the stability and the reliability of conversion of the stress system entering the tunnel are ensured, and a foundation is laid for the safe construction of the main tunnel.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for the construction of the hole by the arch cover method is characterized by comprising the following steps
S1, excavating a horizontal construction channel A, wherein the construction channel A is vertical to the main tunnel, and a first supporting structure is erected in the construction channel A;
s2, after the construction channel A reaches the main tunnel conversion channel B, raising by one roof truss and excavating the main tunnel conversion channel B, wherein the main tunnel conversion channel B is positioned at the upper part of the main tunnel and supports the arch crown along with the excavation of the erected portal-shaped support;
s3, after the excavation of the main tunnel conversion channel B is completed, arranging an arched second supporting structure at the arch crown, wherein a distance is formed between one end, close to the construction channel A, of the second supporting structure and the top of the construction channel A, a primary support ring beam steel bar is arranged in the distance, the lower end of the primary support ring beam steel bar is connected with a horizontal first longitudinal beam steel bar, two ends of the first longitudinal beam steel bar are connected with vertical pillar beam steel bars, and one end, far away from the construction channel A, of the second supporting structure extends to the arch springing and is connected with arch springing longitudinal beam steel bars;
s4, pouring a primary support ring beam (46), a first longitudinal beam (42), a pillar beam (43) and an arch foot longitudinal beam (44), wherein the pillar beam (43) is located on the ground of the construction channel A;
and S5, after the strength of the primary support ring beam (46), the first longitudinal beam (42), the pillar beam (43) and the arch foot longitudinal beam (44) reaches the design requirement, breaking the door-shaped support in the main tunnel conversion channel B and performing main tunnel construction according to an arch cover method.
2. The arch cover method cave-in construction method according to claim 1, wherein the top of the construction passage a is higher than the arch springing of the main cave and lower than the highest point of the arch of the main cave.
3. The arch cover method cave-in construction method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the first supporting structure is a steel frame (11), and after the steel frame (11) is erected, the fourth concrete (12) is sprayed.
4. The arch-cover-method cave-entry construction method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the second supporting structure is set by: erecting an arched first layer of primary support steel frame (31) at the arch top of the main tunnel conversion channel B and reserving a connecting rib (3 a), wherein one end of the first layer of primary support steel frame (31) extends to the intersection of the construction channel A and the main tunnel conversion channel B and is connected with a locking foot steel frame (33) and a locking foot shell-expanding type anchor rod (34), the locking foot shell-expanding type anchor rod (34) is anchored in a rock body, the other end of the first layer of primary support steel frame (31) extends to an arch foot and is supported on the arch foot rock surface, and then spraying first concrete (32);
after first concrete (32) reach design strength, erect second floor primary frame (41) below first floor primary frame (31), second floor primary frame (41) link to each other through splice bar (3 a) and first floor primary frame (31), then connect first longeron reinforcing bar at second floor primary frame (41) near the one end of construction passageway A, the longeron reinforcing bar of arch foot is connected to the other end.
5. The arch cover method cave-in construction method according to claim 4, wherein in step S5, after the strength of the primary support ring beam (46), the first longitudinal beam (42), the pillar beam (43) and the arch foot longitudinal beam (44) reaches the design requirement, the second concrete (45) is sprayed to the second layer of primary support steel frame (41); and after the strength of the second concrete (45) reaches the design requirement, breaking the door-shaped support in the main tunnel conversion channel B and performing main tunnel construction according to an arch cover method.
6. The arch cover cave-in construction method according to claim 4, wherein the third concrete (23) is sprayed after the gate-type frame is erected at step S2.
7. The arch cover method tunnel entering supporting structure comprises a construction channel A and a main tunnel conversion channel B, and is characterized in that the construction channel A is horizontal and vertical to a main tunnel, and a first supporting structure is arranged in the construction channel A; the main tunnel conversion channel B is communicated with the construction channel A, a plurality of door-shaped supports are arranged in the main tunnel conversion channel B, a top cross beam (22) of each door-shaped support is in contact with the vault of the main tunnel conversion channel B, an arched second supporting structure is arranged below the top cross beam (22), one end, far away from the construction channel A, of the second supporting structure extends to the arch foot and is connected with an arch foot longitudinal beam (44), one end, close to the construction channel A, of the second supporting structure is connected with a primary supporting ring beam (46), the lower end of the primary supporting ring beam (46) is connected with a first longitudinal beam (42), two ends of the first longitudinal beam (42) are provided with supporting column beams (43), and the supporting column beams (43) are supported by the ground of the construction channel A.
8. An arch cover entry support structure according to claim 7, wherein the portal frame comprises a top cross member (22) and uprights (21) at both ends of the top cross member (22), and wherein inclined reinforcing beams are provided between the uprights (21) and the top cross member (22).
9. The arch cover method tunnel supporting structure according to claim 7, wherein the second supporting structure comprises a first layer of primary supporting steel frames (31) with an arch shape, one end of the first layer of primary supporting steel frames (31) extends to the arch foot, the other end extends to the intersection of the construction channel A and the main tunnel conversion channel B and is connected with a locking foot steel frame (33) and a locking foot expansion shell type anchor rod (34), the locking foot expansion shell type anchor rod (34) is anchored in the rock body, and the first layer of primary supporting steel frames (31) are coated by first concrete (32); the below of first layer primary frame (31) is provided with second floor primary frame (41), and second floor primary frame (41) link to each other with first layer primary frame (31) through splice bar (3 a), and second floor primary frame (41) are close to the one end of construction passageway A and connect primary ring roof beam (46), and hunch foot longeron (44) is connected to the other end, second floor primary frame (41) are by second concrete (45) cladding.
10. An arch-cover-entering hole supporting construction according to claim 7, characterised in that the first supporting construction is a steel frame (11), the steel frame (11) being clad with a fourth concrete (12).
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| FR2578904B1 (en) * | 1985-03-12 | 1987-07-03 | Koeckelberg Sa | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A TUNNEL |
| CN102226403B (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2013-11-13 | 中铁一局集团有限公司 | Construction method of large-span subway station main body by using arched cover method and station main body structure |
| CN102644466B (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2014-10-22 | 北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司 | Joist arching method for constructing ultra-shallow buried large-span underground excavated subway station in rocky stratum |
| CN103277118B (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2015-06-03 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Joint steel frame supporting system for excavating auxiliary tunnel on main-tunnel arch wall and construction method of joint steel frame supporting system |
| CN103334439B (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2015-06-24 | 广西建工集团第五建筑工程有限责任公司 | Long-span reinforced concrete inner support structure of rectangular deep foundation pit and construction method of structure |
| CN104295301B (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2016-04-27 | 山东科技大学 | The construction method in a kind of shallow buried covered excavation cracked rock mass subway tunnel crosspoint |
| CN107975383B (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2019-11-08 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Underground chamber tee T intersection excavation supporting construction method |
| CN108301845B (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2023-08-29 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Interface steel frame supporting system for auxiliary tunnel to open main tunnel and construction method thereof |
| CN207974835U (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-10-16 | 北京市政建设集团有限责任公司 | A kind of ring beam reserved steel bar and shield launching widened section connecting structure for grille |
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| CN209261598U (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-08-16 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | A kind of reinforcement ledge structure suitable for big cross section bored tunnel |
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| CN110486036B (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2021-08-03 | 中建隧道建设有限公司 | Construction method for expanding arch foot primary support arch cover method |
| CN110905524A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-03-24 | 中建隧道建设有限公司 | Method for excavating and supporting subway station tunnel by adopting underground excavation construction channel |
| CN111271093A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-06-12 | 中铁二院昆明勘察设计研究院有限责任公司 | Underground excavation subway station auxiliary cross passage interface primary support system and construction method |
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