CN112575244A - High-temperature-resistant iron-chromium-aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature-resistant iron-chromium-aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112575244A CN112575244A CN201910922342.1A CN201910922342A CN112575244A CN 112575244 A CN112575244 A CN 112575244A CN 201910922342 A CN201910922342 A CN 201910922342A CN 112575244 A CN112575244 A CN 112575244A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-temperature-resistant iron-chromium-aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the alloy is divided into four different alloys according to mass percent, and specifically comprises the following steps: 0Cr20A3, 0Cr19A3, 0Cr15Al5 and 0Cr13Al 4. The 0Cr20A3 mainly comprises the following components: 0.03-0.05% of Si, 0.5-1% of Cu, 0.5-1% of Mn, 1-2% of Mg, 0.5-1% of Nb, 1-2% of Ni, 0.03-0.06% of Sb, 20% of Cr, 3% of Al, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The method combines the influence of different elements on the mechanical property of the alloy, reasonably adjusts the proportion of the alloy elements, and the prepared iron-chromium-aluminum alloy has excellent mechanical property and high-temperature oxidation resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of alloys, in particular to a high-temperature-resistant iron-chromium-aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Electrothermal alloy is an important functional alloy material. With the development of domestic economy in China, the demand for such materials is increasing year by year. The iron-chromium-aluminum alloy has the advantages of high resistivity, high melting point, good high-temperature oxidation resistance, good chemical stability and the like, is a popular electrothermal alloy, and is widely applied to various industries such as electrothermal elements and the like. However, the conventional iron-chromium-aluminum alloy is easy to generate brittleness when used at high temperature, and has large permanent elongation when used for a long time. With the increasing requirements on heat-proof materials and heat-proof structures, the required alloy needs to bear higher and higher temperatures, and higher requirements on the high-temperature oxidation resistance and the corrosion resistance of the high-temperature alloy are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a high temperature resistant ferrochromium alloy and a preparation method thereof.
The invention adopts the specific technical scheme that:
the high-temperature-resistant iron-chromium-aluminum alloy is divided into four different alloys according to mass percent, and specifically comprises the following components: 0Cr20Al3, 0Cr19Al3, 0Cr15Al5 and 0Cr13Al 4.
Further, the 0Cr20Al3 mainly comprises the following components: 0.03-0.05% of Si, 0.5-1% of Cu, 0.5-1% of Mn, 1-2% of Mg, 0.5-1% of Nb, 1-2% of Ni, 0.03-0.06% of Sb, 20% of Cr, 3% of Al, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Further, the 0Cr19Al3 mainly comprises the following components: 0.03-0.05% of Si, 0.5-1% of Cu, 0.5-1% of Mn, 1-2% of Mg, 0.5-1% of Nb, 1-2% of Ni, 0.03-0.06% of Sb, 19% of Cr, 3% of Al, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Further, the 0Cr15Al5 mainly comprises the following components: 0.03-0.05% of Si, 0.5-1% of Cu, 2% of Mn, 1-2% of Mg, 0.5-1% of Nb, 1-2% of Ni, 0.03-0.06% of Sb, 15% of Cr, 5% of Al, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Further, the 0Cr13Al4 mainly comprises the following components: 0.03-0.05% of Si, 0.5-1% of Cu, 2% of Mn, 1-2% of Mg, 0.5-1% of Nb, 1-2% of Ni, 0.03-0.06% of Sb, 13% of Cr, 4% of Al, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Preferably, the content of the inevitable impurities does not exceed 0.5%.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant iron-chromium-aluminum alloy, which comprises the following steps:
batching according to the mass percentage of each component of the alloy, and putting iron, chromium and aluminum into a melting furnace for melting operation to generate alloy melt;
melting the other element metals to be added outside the melting furnace under the protection of inert gas, and adding the other element metals into the alloy melt; and cooling the alloy melt and drawing the alloy melt into the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire.
Preferably, during the melting operation, the temperature of the melting furnace is controlled at 5000-6000 ℃, and after the alloy melt is generated, the temperature of the melting furnace is controlled at 3500-4000 ℃.
Si: silicon is an important reducing agent and deoxidizing agent in the steelmaking process, and the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the alloy can be improved by forming a silicon-rich oxidation protection film; can promote and improve the tensile strength of the alloy.
Cu: copper and aluminum form a theta phase, and the theta phase has the effects of solid solution strengthening and dispersion strengthening, so that the tensile strength and the yield strength of the alloy can be effectively improved.
Mn: manganese can be infinitely solid-dissolved with iron, the solid-solution strengthening, the supplementary strengthening and the heat resistance improvement of the alloy can be realized, and the manganese, niobium and aluminum have synergistic effect to refine crystal grains, strengthen a matrix and simultaneously improve the stability of a surface passivation film.
Mg: magnesium can distort crystal lattices and cause solid solution hardening; meanwhile, magnesium can also improve the corrosion resistance and the heat resistance of the alloy.
Nb: it not only serves to increase the recrystallization temperature (refine grains), increase strength in the alloy, but it also acts as a strong carbide former, preventing carbon from forming compounds with chromium. The compound formed by the combination of carbon and chromium is easy to cause the poor chromium at the edge of the crystal grain to influence the corrosion resistance and the intercrystalline bonding strength of the material, thereby influencing the processing performance of iron-chromium-aluminum. Therefore, the harm of carbon in the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy can be reduced by adding niobium.
Ni: can improve the high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance and toughness of the alloy, and can improve the strength of the alloy without obviously reducing the toughness. The influence on the mechanical properties of the alloy caused by increasing the aluminum content can be reduced.
Sb: the antimony can refine the primary recrystallization and the secondary recrystallization grain size in the alloy, and the secondary recrystallization structure is more perfect, thereby improving the toughness of the alloy.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method combines the influence of different elements on the mechanical property of the alloy, reasonably adjusts the proportion of alloy elements, and combines and synergizes the elements, so that the prepared iron-chromium-aluminum alloy has excellent mechanical property and high-temperature oxidation resistance.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and various substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the technical idea of the present invention as described above, according to the common technical knowledge and the conventional means in the field.
Example 1
The high-temperature-resistant iron-chromium-aluminum alloy comprises the following main components in percentage by mass: 0.03% of Si, 0.5% of Cu, 0.6% of Mn, 2% of Mg, 0.7% of Nb, 1.2% of Ni, 0.03% of Sb, 20% of Cr, 3% of Al, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant iron-chromium-aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
proportioning according to the mass percentage of each component of the alloy, putting iron, chromium and aluminum into a melting furnace for melting operation, and controlling the temperature at 5000-6000 ℃; after the alloy melt is generated, the temperature is controlled to 3500 ℃ and 4000 DEG C
Melting the other element metals to be added outside the melting furnace under the protection of inert gas, and adding the other element metals into the alloy melt; and cooling the alloy melt and drawing the alloy melt into the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire.
Example 2
The high-temperature-resistant iron-chromium-aluminum alloy comprises the following main components in percentage by mass: 0.04% of Si, 0.6% of Cu, 0.7% of Mn, 1.8% of Mg1.8%, 0.8% of Nb, 1.5% of Ni, 0.05% of Sb, 19% of Cr, 3% of Al, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The preparation method of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
proportioning according to the mass percentage of each component of the alloy, putting iron, chromium and aluminum into a melting furnace for melting operation, and controlling the temperature at 5000-6000 ℃; after the alloy melt is generated, the temperature is controlled to 3500 ℃ and 4000 DEG C
Melting the other element metals to be added outside the melting furnace under the protection of inert gas, and adding the other element metals into the alloy melt; and cooling the alloy melt and drawing the alloy melt into the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire.
Example 3
The high-temperature-resistant iron-chromium-aluminum alloy comprises the following main components in percentage by mass: 0.03% of Si, 1% of Cu, 2% of Mn, 1.7% of Mg1, 0.8% of Nb, 2% of Ni, 0.03% of Sb, 15% of Cr, 5% of Al, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The preparation method of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
proportioning according to the mass percentage of each component of the alloy, putting iron, chromium and aluminum into a melting furnace for melting operation, and controlling the temperature at 5000-6000 ℃; after the alloy melt is generated, the temperature is controlled to 3500 ℃ and 4000 DEG C
Melting the other element metals to be added outside the melting furnace under the protection of inert gas, and adding the other element metals into the alloy melt; and cooling the alloy melt and drawing the alloy melt into the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire.
Example 4
The high-temperature-resistant iron-chromium-aluminum alloy comprises the following main components in percentage by mass: 0.05% of Si, 0.5-1% of Cu, 2% of Mn, 2% of Mg, 0.9% of Nb, 1% of Ni, 0.06% of Sb, 13% of Cr, 4% of Al, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The preparation method of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
proportioning according to the mass percentage of each component of the alloy, putting iron, chromium and aluminum into a melting furnace for melting operation, and controlling the temperature at 5000-6000 ℃; after the alloy melt is generated, the temperature is controlled to 3500 ℃ and 4000 DEG C
Melting the other element metals to be added outside the melting furnace under the protection of inert gas, and adding the other element metals into the alloy melt; and cooling the alloy melt and drawing the alloy melt into the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire.
The mechanical property test of the high temperature resistant ferrochromium alloy in the above examples 1-4 shows that the tensile strength can reach 400MPa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 20%.
The rapid life test of the ferrochromium alloy of the above examples 1-4 was carried out, and the rapid life value of the ferrochrome alloy could reach 90 hours at 1300 ℃.
Although the embodiments have been described, once they learn of the basic inventive concept, those skilled in the art can make further changes and modifications to these embodiments, so that the above embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all changes that can be made by using the equivalent processes of the present specification, or applied directly or indirectly to other related fields are encompassed by the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The high-temperature-resistant iron-chromium-aluminum alloy is characterized by being divided into four different alloys according to mass percent, and specifically comprising the following components: 0Cr20Al3, 0Cr19Al3, 0Cr15Al5 and 0Cr13Al 4.
2. The high-temperature-resistant ferrochromium alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the 0Cr20Al3 is mainly composed of: 0.03-0.05% of Si, 0.5-1% of Cu, 0.5-1% of Mn, 1-2% of Mg, 0.5-1% of Nb, 1-2% of Ni, 0.03-0.06% of Sb, 20% of Cr, 3% of Al, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
3. The high-temperature-resistant ferrochromium alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the 0Cr19Al3 is mainly composed of: 0.03-0.05% of Si, 0.5-1% of Cu, 0.5-1% of Mn, 1-2% of Mg, 0.5-1% of Nb, 1-2% of Ni, 0.03-0.06% of Sb, 19% of Cr, 3% of Al, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
4. The high-temperature-resistant ferrochromium alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the 0Cr15Al5 is mainly composed of: 0.03-0.05% of Si, 0.5-1% of Cu, 2% of Mn, 1-2% of Mg, 0.5-1% of Nb, 1-2% of Ni, 0.03-0.06% of Sb, 15% of Cr, 5% of Al, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
5. The high-temperature-resistant ferrochromium alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the 0Cr13Al4 is mainly composed of: 0.03-0.05% of Si, 0.5-1% of Cu, 2% of Mn, 1-2% of Mg, 0.5-1% of Nb, 1-2% of Ni, 0.03-0.06% of Sb, 13% of Cr, 4% of Al, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
6. The high temperature resistant ferrochromium alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the content of the inevitable impurities is not more than 0.5%.
7. The method for preparing the high-temperature-resistant iron-chromium-aluminum alloy according to claim 6, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
batching according to the mass percentage of each component of the alloy, and putting iron, chromium and aluminum into a melting furnace for melting operation to generate alloy melt;
melting the other element metals to be added outside the melting furnace under the protection of inert gas, and adding the other element metals into the alloy melt; and cooling the alloy melt and drawing the alloy melt into the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the melting furnace temperature is controlled to be 5000-.
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- 2019-09-27 CN CN201910922342.1A patent/CN112575244A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 朱艳: "《材料化学》", 31 October 2018, 西北工业大学出版社 * |
| 郭玉林等: "《五金手册》", 30 September 2012, 河南科学技术出版社 * |
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